Digital Commons Network^™

Potential Bird Repellents To Reduce Bird Damage To Lettuce Seed And Seedlings, John L. Cummings, Patricia A. Pochop, Christi A. Yoder, James E. Davis Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The authors evaluated the effectiveness of ReJeX-iT® AG-145, Mesurol®, activated charcoal, lime, and fipronil to reduce homed lark damage to lettuce seeds and seedlings. In Experiment 1, homed larks consumed significantly more feed mixture (50:50 grains and lettuce seed) than untreated clay-coated lettuce seed in a three-day choice-test. In Experiment 2, where clay-coated lettuce seed was treated with ReJeX-iT® AG- 145, Mesurol®, activated charcoal, or lime, there was no significant difference in consumption of untreated clay-coated lettuce seed and treated clay-coated lettuce seed. Homed larks consumed insignificant amounts of all seed treatments including untreated coated lettuce seed. In this experiment …

Managing Island Biotas: Brown Treesnake Control Using Barrier Technology, Gad Perry, Earl W. Campbell Iii, Gordon H. Rodda, Thomas H. Fritts

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis), accidentally introduced to the previously snake-free U.S. island of Guam after World War 11, decimated the island's naive wildlife. Today, it periodically stows away on craft going to other islands where the ecological damage may be repeated. Barriers offer an effective tool for keeping the snakes out of areas from which they can disperse off-island, as well as sites identified as critical for the protection of human health, conduct of economic activity, or conservation of endangered species. The authors have developed a variety of barrier designs which repulse at least 95% of snake …

Effects Of Taste Stimuli (Quinine And Sucrose) In Pelleted Granulated, And Wax Block Baits On Feeding Preferences Of Northern Pocket Gophers (Thomomys Talpoides), Stephen A. Schumake, Geraldine R. Mccann

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

A two-choice, taste preference study was conducted using 18 northern pocket gophers to evaluate pelleted sorghum, granulated sorghum, and wax block baits containing either 0.01 to 0.05 % quinine or 0.10 to 5.0 % sucrose. Bait consumption was significantly higher across treatments (P≤.001) for granulated sorghum, followed by pelleted sorghum, and wax blocks. Gophers also showed a high frequency of moving the granulated bait in their cheek pouches to be deposited at alternate locations within their cages. Although increasing sucrose concentration did not produce significantly (P ≥.10) enhanced consumption for any of the baits, a trend toward increasing preference with …

Evaluation Of Acrolein As A Fumigant For Controlling Northern Pocket Gophers, George H. Matschke, Geraldine R. Mccann, Rebecca A. Doane

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

Baker Performance Chemical Incorporated entered into a cooperative agreement with the National Wildlife Research Center to evaluate acrolein as a fumigant for controlling northern pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides). In October 1996, a 44.5 ha (110 acre) irrigated alfalfa hay field was selected as the study site in Franklin County, Washington. Eight treatment units (TUs), six fumigated and two control, were established on the study site. On the six fumigated TUs, 58.9% of the sample plots were inactive, whereas, all sample plots (100%) on the two control TUs were active. The 58.9% mean reduction in pocket gopher activity on …

Mammal Repellents: Options And Considerations For Development, J. Russell Mason

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

Repellents include chemical substances, visual displays, and sonic and ultrasonic deterrent systems. The use of electric shock also can be considered as a repellent category. Each of these categories is discussed, together with their respective utilities, constraints on their usefulness, and possibilities for future development. Economic considerations that may impede or expedite the development of new strategies are presented. Repellent effectiveness depends upon a complex of variables, including the palatability of protected and alternative foods, weather conditions, and the number of animals causing problems. Invariably, repellents are most useful when used as components of integrated pest management strategies

Evaluation Of Electronic Frightening Devices As White-Tailed Deer Deterrents, Jerrold L. Belant, Thomas W. Seamans, Laura A. Tyson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The authors evaluated the effectiveness of the motion-activated Usonic Sentry (with and without strobe), motion-activated Yard Gard, and Electronic Guard for deterring white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from preferred feeding areas from February to April 1996. Two four-week experiments were conducted, monitoring deer use (number of intrusions and corn consumption) at eight feeding stations in a 2,200 ha fenced facility in northern Ohio with high deer densities (≥ 38/km²). During these experiments, one of the devices was positioned at each of four sites. The mean (± SE, n = 4) daily number of deer intrusions at feeding …

Development Of Seed Treatments To Control Blackbirds, Michael L. Avery, David Decker, John S. Humphrey

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

Bird repellents to protect seeds are a potentially important aspect of integrated vertebrate pest management strategies. Yet, there currently are no repellents registered for seed treatment uses. This is due not to lack of effective candidate compounds, but to monetary and regulatory constraints that inhibit commercialization of promising compounds. Two examples of this dilemma are methiocarb and anthraquinone, each of which has considerable potential for bird repellent uses and each of which faces considerable registration hurdles as prospective seed treatment compounds. A concerted, coordinated effort among private industry, producer groups, and state and federal agencies may be the best strategy …

The Bait Surcharge Program: Research Improves Zinc Phosphide Use For Vole Control In Alfalfa, Ray T. Sterner

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

This paper describes several unexpected benefits of rodenticide-registration research funded by The California Bait Surcharge Program. An enclosure-type study was conducted to determine efficacy of single, pre- and test-bait broadcasts (10 lb./ac.) of 0% and 2% zinc phosphide (Zn₃P₂, CAS #1314-84-7) steam-rolled-oat (SRO) groats to control voles (Microtus spp.) in alfalfa (Medicago sariva). Unexpected research spinoffs resulted from the use of: 1) eight randomly-located, sieved-dirt plots per enclosure to monitor bait distribution, bait removal, and rodent/avian (non-target) activity; 2) a bait-weathering plot and bait-sample analyses to monitor Zn₃P₂ biodeterioration; and …

The Development Of An Integrated Pest Management Plan For Roof Rats In Hawaiian Macadamia Orchards, Earl W. Campbell Iii, Ann E. Koehler, Robert T. Sugihara

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

Roof rats (Rattus rattus) damage an estimated 5 to 10% of the developing nut crop in Hawaiian macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) orchards. Relevant aspects of roof rat biology in macadamia orchards have and continue to be studied with the ultimate goal of developing an ecologically sound and cost-effective integrated pest management plan. The field component of a two-year study of roof rat populations in macadamia orchards has recently been completed. The goal of this study is to clarify the relationship between roof rat seasonal abundance, macadamia flowering, and nut production on five orchards in three regions on …

Population Dynamics: The Foundation Of Wildlife Damage Management For The 21st Century, Richard A. Dolbeer

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

To justify and defend lethal or reproductive control programs to solve vertebrate pest problems, wildlife biologists must have a sound understanding of the population status and dynamics of the problem species. Models are essential to project how populations will respond to proposed management actions, providing a scientific foundation to counter the emotional debates that often arise. Four population models (PM1 to PM4) for predicting population responses are described. PM1 and PM2 explore the relative efficacy of reproductive and lethal control for vertebrate species over 10-year intervals. PM3 simulates population responses to actual management actions through 10-year intervals. PM4 simulates population …

Review Of Bird Repellents, Larry Clark

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

Despite a general perception that there is an abundance of nonlethal control technologies, the fact remains that there are fewer registered products and active ingredients for repellents in the U.S. than there were 10 and 20 years ago. This review discusses the technical issues relating to the discovery, formulation, and delivery of chemical repellents, and suggests future avenues of research that would improve our ability to develop effective chemical repellents.

Inventory Of Sub-Catchments Within The Albany Eastern Hinterland, B Radys

Resource management technical reports

The release of the "Salinity Action Plan for Western Australia' in December 996 highlighted the need for catchment scale planning and coordinated actions to reverse salinity trends.

A separate report has been produced for each major catchment area. Each report contains and inventory of all sub-catchments, with information on area, degradation risks and group activities with each catchment.

1998 File Geodatabase Containing Photo Point Locations, Aerial Photos, And Flight Maps, City Of Tampa Department Of Sanitary Sewers Bay Study Group, Pete Reehling, Richard Mckenzie

Data Sets

The Bay Study Group was created by the City of Tampa in 1976 to monitor the effects of pollution abatement that occurred in Hillsborough Bay when the city’s wastewater treatment plant was upgraded from primary to advanced treatment in 1979. The Bay Study Group documented a remarkable restoration of water quality parameters and biological indicators in Hillsborough Bay from the mid 1980s until 2009, when it was disbanded. This zip Geodatabase file contains the photo point locations, aerial photos, and flight maps for the year 1998.

1998 File Geodatabase Containing Aerial Photos, Pete Reehling, Richard Mckenzie, City Of Tampa Department Of Sanitary Sewers Bay Study Group

Images

The Bay Study Group was created by the City of Tampa in 1976 to monitor the effects of pollution abatement that occurred in Hillsborough Bay when the city’s wastewater treatment plant was upgraded from primary to advanced treatment in 1979. The Bay Study Group documented a remarkable restoration of water quality parameters and biological indicators in Hillsborough Bay from the mid 1980s until 2009, when it was disbanded. This zip Geodatabase file contains the aerial photos for the year 1998.

Earlj Life Historj And Recruitment Of Black Crappie (Pomoxis Nigromaculatus) In Two South Dakota Waters, K. L. Pope, D. W. Willis

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

We compared the early life history of black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) in Richmond (an impoundment) and Brant (a natural lake) lakes during 1994-1996. We expected variable recruitment (i.e., missing year classes) in the natural lake and more consistent recruitment in the impoundment. Larval black crappie abundance was always higher in Richmond Lake than Brant Lake. Peak abundance of larval black crappie was highest during 1994 in both waters. However, peak larval abundance did not correspond with fall trap-net catch per unit effort (CPUE) of age-0 black crappie, which was highest during 1995. Thus, recruitment of black crappie was …

Population Growth Of Antarctic Fur Seals: Limitation By A Top Predator, The Leopard Seal?, Peter L. Boveng, Lisa M. Hiruki, Michael K. Schwartz, John L. Bengtson

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) in the South Shetland Islands are recovering from 19th-century exploitation more slowly than the main population at South Georgia. To document demographic changes associated with the recovery in the South Shetlands, we monitored fur seal abundance and reproduction in the vicinity of Elephant Island during austral summers from 1986/1987 through 1994/1995. Total births, mean and variance of birth dates, and average daily mortality rates were estimated from daily live pup counts at North Cove (NC) and North Annex (NA) colonies on Seal Island. Sightings of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) and incidents …

Letter To The Editor: Source Of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Prince William Sound, Alaska, Usa, Subtidal Sediments, Jeffrey W. Short, Ron A. Heintz

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Recently Page and coworkers concluded that polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) detected in the deeper subtidal sediments of Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, derive from oil seeps in the northern Gulf of Alaska. Coal was erroneously dismissed as an alternative source of these PAHs, based on the claimed absence of reported coal deposits east of the Bering River coal field. The reference given to support this claim is apparently a geological map of western Prince William Sound. This map is irrelevant. In fact, a substantial coal field lies east of the Bering River field in the Robinson Mountains near Cape Yakataga.

Challis Resource Area Proposed Resource Management Plan And Final Environmental Impact Statement, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

Resource Management Plans (ID)

The Challis Proposed Resource Management Plan/Final Environmental Impact Statement (PRMP/FEIS) describes the Bureau of Land Management's proposed plan for managing approximately 792,567 acres of public lands administered by the BLM within the Challis Resource Area. The PRMP/FEIS is based on the Preferred Alternative (Alternative 2) described in the Challis Draft RMP/EIS (BLM, May 1996), as modified in response to public and tribal comments and internal BLM recommendations. It describes changes from and corrections to the Challis Draft RMP/EIS, updates the discussion of the affected environment, provides an analysis of environmental consequences for the Proposed RMP, and records public comments and …

Record Of Decision And Finding Of No Significant Impact For The Shirley Mountain Planning Review Travel Management, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

Record of Decisions (WY)

The planning review was conducted to analyze and weigh the affects of retaining or changing the Off-Road Vehicle (ORV) designation for the BLM-administered public lands within the Shirley Mountain Planning Review Area. The proposed decision considers comments received during public scoping and the 45-day comment period for the Shirley Mountain Planning Review Travel Management Environmental Assessment (EA).

Cloud Peak Wilderness Management Direction Final Environmental Assessment For The Amendment To The Bighorn National Forest Land And Resource Management Plan, United States Forest Service

Environmental Assessments (WY)

The purpose of this EA is to amend the Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP) for the Wilderness Management Standards and Guidelines (S&Gs). The need for the revised S&Gs is to provide more definable and measurable standards related to the items described in the Proposed Action. Current S&Gs do not provide sufficient direction to determine the trend of the Cloud Peak Wilderness (CPW) condition or require conflicting actions. The proposed S&Gs will facilitate determination of the trend of physical, biological and social aspects of the wilderness resource.

Bighorn National Forest Draft Noxious Weed Management Environmental Assessment, United States Forest Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Forest Service proposes to implement a management plan to control noxious weeds on the Bighorn National Forest. This management plan would be in accordance with general direction in the Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP) to treat noxious farm weeds (Bighorn National Forest LRMP, III-45) to improve range conditions and manage undersirable plant species. Five additional Federal Laws also address this action: 1. The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA, P.L. 93-378). 2. The Public Rangeland Improvement Act of 1978. 3. The Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974 Section 2(b)(2) and Section 2 of (P.L. …

Clow Point Winter Recreation Parking Area Environmental Assessment, United States Forest Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Payette National Forest proposes to authorize the construction, maintenance, and operation of a two-acre winter recreation parking site just below the Goose Creek overlook (Clow Point) along the Goose Lake Road (FDR #257).

The Role Of Anadromous Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) In The Nutrient Loading And Productivity Of The Sawtooth Valley Lakes, Idaho, H. P. Gross, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Chris Luecke

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

We constructed a simulation model for Redfish Lake, Idaho, using water budget and nutrient loading measurements, to predict the dependence of lake production on nutrients from the watershed, precipitation, lake fertilization, and marine-derived nutrients from sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, which historically have reared in the lake. We also used the model to simulate different management scenarios to help restore the endangered Snake River sockeye salmon. The model and other empirical evidence indicated that even before hydropower dams were present in the migration corridor, marine-derived nutrients were not of major importance to lake production, contributing only about 3% of the annual …

Adding Nutrients To Enhance The Growth Of Endangered Sockeye Salmon: Trophic Transfer In An Oligotrophic Lake, Phaedra E. Budy, Chris Luecke, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Snake River sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, listed under U.S. law as endangered in 1991 in response to a decline in anadromous adult numbers, spend their first 1–2 years in Redfish Lake, Idaho, before migrating to the sea. To determine how nutrient enhancement might influence phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish production, we performed fertilization experiments in large enclosures in this oligotrophic lake using juvenile kokanee (lacustrine O. nerka) as analogues for endangered sockeye salmon. Fertilization of the metalimnion substantially increased chlorophyll a (150%), phytoplankton biovolume (75%), primary productivity (250%), and zooplankton biomass (200%), and moderately increased fish growth (12%) over our control …

A Framework For Understanding Social Science Contributions To Ecosystem Management, Joanna Endter-Wada, Dale Blahna, Richard Krannich, Mark W. Brunson

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

We propose a framework for understanding the role that the social sciences should play in ecosystem management. Most of the ecosystem management literature assumes that scientific understanding of ecosystems is solely the purview of natural scientists. While the evolving principles of ecosystem management recognize that people play an important role, social considerations are usually limited to political and decision-making processes and to development of environmental education. This view is incomplete. The social science aspect of ecosystem management has two distinct components: one that concerns greater public involvement in the ecosystem management decision-making process, and one that concerns integrating social considerations …

Dixie Resource Area Proposed Resource Management Plan And Final Environmental Impact Statement, United States Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This is the Proposed Resource Management Plan and Final Environmental Impact Statement (Proposed Plan) for the Dixie Resource Area. This document responds to public comments received on the Dixie Resource Area Draft Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement (Draft Plan). The Proposed Plan also corrects errors in the Draft Plan identified through the public comment process and internal BLM review. The Proposed Plan and associated analysis presents a refined and modified version of the Preferred Alternative and the accompanying impact analysis contained in the Draft Plan. This document is published in condensed form and should be used in conjunction …

Challis Resource Area Proposed Resource Management Plan And Final Environmental Impact Statement Volume 2 (Of 2), United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

Resource Management Plans (ID)

The climate of the Challis Resource Area is influenced primarily by maritime air carried eastward on prevailing westerly winds. General climatic characteristics are abundant sunshine, low humidity, and high evaporation. The major precipitation source, particularly for winter storms, is the Northern Pacific Ocean. In the summer, however, most of the thunderstorm activity is caused by moisture-laden air originating from the south, off the Pacific coast of Mexico.

Environmental And Botanical Controls On Peatification - A Comparative Study Of Two New Zealand Restiad Bogs Using Py-Gc/Ms, Petrography And Fungal Analysis, Tomasz K. Kuder, Michael A. Kruge, J C. Shearer, S L. Miller

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This study shows that chemical properties of two restiad species, Empodisma minus and Sporadanthus traversii, may contribute to their success as peat-formers in a climate of the North Island of New Zealand which is not conducive to raised mire development. Unlike Sphagnum, the equivalent northern hemisphere peat-former, restiads possess lignin in their tissues. In addition, the presence of non-lignin polyphenols (including tannins and phenolic acids) in restiads may be an important factor in peat formation due to the allelopathic decay retardation. Patterns of degradation of plant biopolymers have been examined and the pathway of degradation of monocotyledons (loss …

A Molecular Evaluation Of Contaminants And Natural Organic Matter In Surface Sediments From Western Lake Ontario, Michael A. Kruge, Prasanta K. Mukhopadhyay, C.F. Michael Lewis

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) analysis of bottom sediment from Lake Ontario was shown to be effective in assessing organic contaminants, especially attractive as it is a rapid technique requiring little sample preparation. Pyrolyzates of samples richer in organic matter (OM) were relatively enriched in aliphatic hydrocarbons and pyrrolic nitrogen compounds, while leaner samples were more aromatic and pyridinic. Alkylbenzene and alkylphenol distributions in the pyrolyzates were most compatible with derivation from aquatic (algal, bacterial) OM. The organonitrogen compounds indicated the presence of degraded proteinaceous material from aquatic sources and/or sewage. Normal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon distributions indicate, at least in …

Strategy Building Session For The Port Authority For Brownfields Redevelopment In Cincinnati And Hamilton County, Oh, Kirstin Toth, Donald T. Iannone

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.