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Research Panel Discussion, John Seubert

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Panel Members: Morley R. Kare, Robert G. Schwab and M. R. Woulfe

Nonbiolog1cal Alteration Of 3-Chloro P-Toluidine Hydrochloride (Drc-1339) In An Aqueous Solution, T. R. Darden, Robert G. Schwab

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The effectiveness of 3-chloro p-toluidine (DRC-1339) as an avicide, particular¬ly on the European starling, has been adequately demonstrated (DeCino, Cunningham, and Schafer, 1966; Schwab, 1965, 1966, and 1967). Methods of applying the com¬pound which have proved useful range from the standard baiting technique (Besser, Royall, and DeGrazio, 1967; Royall, DeCino, and Besser, 1967; West, 1968) to pos¬sible aerial application of the compound to roosting sites (Schwab, 1967). These methods, particularly the latter, inherently lead to widespread environmental exposure. As the chemical name implies, DRC-1339 is a chlorinated hydrocarbon. It thereby carries the stigma, whether justifiable or not, of environmental persistence …

Food Choice Behaviour, R. G. B. Brown

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Since 1965 the Canadian Wildlife Service has been concerned with the damage which birds cause in the orchards and vineyards of the Niagara fruit belt, in southern Ontario. My own contribution to this programme has been to collect information on the feeding be¬haviour and ecology of the birds concerned, and use this to test the effectiveness of various control systems. For the purposes of this seminar, I shall only deal with the damage which Robins do to sweet cherries. Here, I was particularly interested in whether it was possible to develop a "bird-proof cherry variety, which would settle the problem …

Industry Consideration And Approach, John R. Beck

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Many people are quite concerned and interested in the development of new avicides and in the continuation of existing ones. I think there are certain directions that the public at large expects industry and government to go in regards to control operations, pollution, and so forth. One of the things I think we need to concern our¬selves with is the fact that several biologically-oriented control mechanisms in control programs have been overlooked, sometimes intentionally. In the future, reg¬istration and regulatory groups are going to show more interest and a more amenable attitude toward biologically-oriented control programs, mechanism, and materials. Certainly …

Fifth Bird Control Seminar Proceedings: Contents, William B. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Bowling Green State University
Bowling Green, Ohio
September 15-17, 1970 Sponsored by the Department of Biology Bowling Green State University
with the assistance of Division of Wildlife Services United States Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Pest Control Association Elizabeth, New Jersey
Dr. William B. Jackson, Conference Chairman
David L. Rintamaa, Conference Assistant
David L. Rintamaa and William B. Jackson, Editors

Another Perspective On Bird Management, John M. Anderson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

At an earlier research seminar, Dr. John Seubert observed that available evi¬dence indicated the red-winged blackbird was going to be with us for some time, and perhaps we'd better learn to "live with it." Whereupon a representative of the com growers said if Dr. Seubert really believed that, he'd better look for a new job. I sincerely hope this attitude is not too widespread among corn producers and market¬ers; because if it is, we can expect a lot of pressure designed to force scientists to abandon their search for a safe method of reducing redwing damage. "Risk now, find out …

Bird Management At Airports, Edward R. Ladd

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In New England, and along the stretch of coastline which starts just south of Canada and goes down through New Jersey, we have half a dozen major or what we call international airports. All but two have bird problems. Most of these airports were built on submarginal land, but what was perhaps some of the best wildlife habitat in the country. So, the birds were there first. When these airports were built, airlines were flying propeller-type aircraft. This type was slow and sluggish compared to the jet aircraft of today. Even though aircraft speeds have increased, the birds still are …

Bird Hazards To Aircraft, Victor E. F. Solmon

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

When I spoke to the third Bird Control Seminar in 1966 on "Ecological Control of Bird Hazards to Aircraft", I reviewed what we had accomplished up to that time. I spoke about the extent of the problem, the bird species involved and the methods we used to make the airports less attractive to birds that created hazards to aircraft.

I wish to discuss today our accomplishments since 1966. I have presented a number of papers on the topic including one with Dr. W. W. H. Gunn, in 1967 at a meeting in the United Kingdom, and others in the United …

Registered Participants: Fifth Bird Control Seminar (1970)

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Names and addresses of 97 participants.

Water Resources News, Volume 2, No. 8, September 1970

Water Current Newsletter

Waste Water Reuse
Action on Mercury Pollution
Improving Waste Treatment
Westside Water Resources Study
Pollution Guide for Scout Leaders
Water Pollution Control Need $33-37 Billion
Cleaning Nation's Waterways
Under Water Power Plants
Wanted - Catalog of Products Which Are Potential Waters Polluters
FWQA Wastewater Technology Study
Proposal Deadlines
University of Illinois Annual Water Quality Conference
Research Review
New Publications Received by the Institute

A Preliminary Survey Of The Damariscotta River Estuary, Lincoln County, Maine, Maine Department Of Economic Development

Maine Collection

A Preliminary Survey of the Damariscotta River Estuary, Lincoln County, Maine

Part I - Hydrology; Part II - Sediments

"Prepared Under a Grant From the Maine Marine Stipend Program".

Maine Department of Economic Development - Division of Science, Technology & Mineral Resources, Augusta, Maine (July 1969 - June 1970).

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 2, No.2 June, 1970

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITORIAL: Ecocide on the Sheyenne? ▪ Paul B. Kannowski

NEW RECORDS OF VASCULAR PLANTS IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Robert E. Stewart

SOME LOCAL NATIVE PLANT LOSSES AND SOME SAL V AGE ▪ O. A. Stevens

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Robert N. Randall

ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN IN COMMUNITY PLANNING ▪ Cameron Man

DISTRIBUTION OF THE SCIRPUS VALIDUS COMPLEX IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Richard L. Ward

Record In Rock: A Handbook Of The Invertebrate Fossils Of Nebraska, Roger K. Pabian

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Table of Contents:

Introduction
What Are Fossils? How Do They Form?
Fossilization
How Are Fossiliferous Rocks Formed?
What is Paleontology?
What Can Fossils Tell Us?
Fossils and Geologic Time
Fossils as Environmental Indicators
Fossils and Conservation
How Are Fossils Named?
Where Are Fossils Found?
Collecting Courtesy
Tools for Collecting Fossils
Tips on Collecting Fossils
Safety Rules
Quarry Safety
Safety Don'ts to Remember
Preparation of Specimens
A Bit of Advice
General Characteristics of Nebraska's Important Fossils
Phylum Protozoa (Single-Celled Animals)
The Living Protozoan
Fossil Protozoans from Nebraska
Phylum Porifera (Pore Bearers or Sponges)
The Living Sponge
Fossil Sponges from Nebraska
Phylum …

The Ontogeny Of Social Behavior Of Uinta Ground Squirrels, D. Andrew Saunders

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The social behavior of juvenile Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus) was studied for 2 1/2 years in northeastern Utah. The purpose of the study was to describe the developing social behavior of unconfined, marked squirrels. Their behavior was recorded with motion pictures and written descriptions from the time they emerged from the natal burrow until they entered hibernation.

Three phases of behavioral development were apparent. The first phase began when the juveniles appeared above ground and ended 5 weeks later. This was a period of socialization and consisted of behavioral patterns best described as play. The second phase …

Drift Of Oligophlebodes Sigma And Baetis Bicaudatus In A Mountain Stream, William Dean Pearson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this study was to clarify the relationships between drift rates, population density, production rates, key environmental factors, and movements of adults within two populations of stream insects (a caddisfly--Oligophlebodes sigma and a mayfly--Baetis bicaudatus).

Samples of benthic invertebrates (424 total) were collected every 28 days at four stations on Temple Fork of the Logan River, Utah, from October, 1967 to September, 1969. Samples of drift invertebrates (181 total) were collected every 14 days at three stations on Temple Fork during the same period. During summer months (June-September) a day and a night drift sample …

Evaluation Of Molting Areas Of Great Basin Canada Geese, Paul D. Arneson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Environmental factors at Neponset and Woodruff Narrows reservoirs were evaluated to determine their effects on molting Canada geese. More geese utilized Woodruff Narrows. Geese apparently favored the larger expanse of open water and adequate food supply.

Most of the molting geese were from the Bear River drainage. Some geese came from scattered areas in Utah, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana. After molting, the geese flew to migration staging areas in southeastern Idaho before migrating to wintering areas in southern California and Arizona.

Females outnumbered males by 6 percent. The mean annual mortality rate for adult geese was 42 percent. Recovery rates …

State Of The Fisheries Report 1968/1969, Department Of Fisheries And Fauna, Western Australia

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

The total value of the fisheries of Western Australia is the highest of any of the States, and the Western Australian rock lobster fishery is the most valuable single fishery in Australia.

Water Resources News, Volume 2, No. 4, April 1970

Water Current Newsletter

Increased Funds for State Water Resources Institute?
Bureau of Reclamation Seeks Research and Development
Bureau of Reclamation Opens Facilities to the National Scientific Community
International Field Year for the Great Lakes to Get Underway
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration Grant to High School Students
President's Task Force on Rural Development Advocates More Support of Water Programs
Water Pollution Control Bill
Possible Increase in Water Supply for the Western States
General Accounting Office Comments on Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
Student-Run Environmental Research Program Supported by NSF
Committee on Water Resources Long-Range Research Plan
15th Annual Midwest Ground-Water Conference
Research Review …

Notes On The Ecology Of Sewer Rats In St. Louis, Kyle R. Barbehenn

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

The awareness, if not the magnitude, of problems caused by sewer rats has increased in the United States in recent years. Thus, current concern with the more general problem of urban rats is leading many city agencies to incorporate plans for controlling sewer rats in budgets that are already severely strained. The most effective programs for controlling pests are those based on an intimate knowledge of the interactions between the target species and its environment. Some basic studies of sewer rat ecology were begun in St. Louis, Missouri, in February, 1969. Since the initial results have provided information that should …

Current Status Of Plague And Plague Control In The United States, Jack D. Poland, Allan M. Barnes

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

During the first quarter of the 20th century massive rat-borne plague epidemics occurred in port cities of the United States in conjunction with the last world-wide pandemic which originated in China in 1893. By 1950, plague was found to be firmly established in wild rodent populations in states west of the 100th meridian. Presumably because of improved sanitation coupled with retreat of the world-wide pandemic there have been no human cases in this country associated with urban rats since 1924. However, sporadic cases, fewer than 10 per year, are reported as due to contact with wild rodents, lagomorphs, rural rats, …

Vampire Bat Control: A Review And Proposed Research Programme For Latin America, Arthur M. Greenhall

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

In Latin America paralytic rabies transmitted by vampire bats is a major cause of death in cattle. This problem becomes more acute as countries attempt to increase livestock production to feed rapidly expanding human populations. Vaccination has been the principal weapon against rabies, however this offers no protection to domestic animals and poultry against daily predation of vampire bats. Established methods of vampire bat control, though limited, have proved effective and should be continued while more effective methods are being developed and tested. Existing methods are discussed in some detail. Of the approximately 200 kinds of bats found in Latin …

New Factors Controlling Populations Of Land Vertebrates In Great Britain, N. W. Moore

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

The vertebrate fauna of Britain is impoverished by nature. Further, virtually the whole land surface has been altered radically by Man, and all vertebrate species have been profoundly affected both unconsciously and consciously by Man. The rate of change during the last quarter of a century has been far greater than at any other time; new deleterious factors - increased habitat destruction, increased human pressure and motor traffic, myxomatosis and a vast increase in pesticide use have coincided in this period. The public's attitude to several common species (e.g., rabbit, woodpigeon, fox and birds of prey) has been equivocal and …

Chemosterilants As An Approach To Rodent Control, Rex E. Marsh, Walter E. Howard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

Capitalizing on research directed toward oral contraceptives for humans, a wide variety of compounds are now under study for their practical value in inhibiting rodent reproduction to suppress detrimental populations. This paper discusses the specifications of ideal rodent chemosterilants and the advantages of chemosterilants over other methods of control, and compares the potential values of chemosterilants acting on females, males, and both sexes. Specific situations are detailed where chemosterilants will be most valuable in rodent control, together with proposed methods of application. Chemosterilants are not expected to become a panacea for control, but since they are based on sound biological …

Olfaction In Rodent Control, Walter E. Howard, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

A brief survey is presented of current knowledge on olfaction in rodents and the various roles that odors may play in modifying rodent behavior. Some species at least utilize olfactory cues: to locate food items; to recognize their mother and mates; to mark territory; as an involuntary population density regulator; possibly to recognize predators; as a warning cue against a repellent or toxic substance (poison-bait shyness); and probably, for many other behavioral purposes. The value of using artificial odors in rodent baits to increase bait acceptance is not yet well documented. The addition of attractive natural odors may increase detection …

Destruction Of Conifer Seed And Methods Of Protection, M. A. Radwan

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

ABSTRACT: Agents responsible for tosses of conifer seed and methods for seed protection are reviewed. Published information indicates that much seed is destroyed, especially by seed-eating rodents and birds. Improvement of existing protective methods and development of new chemical means are necessary to overcome the problem.

Studies In Microencapsulation Of Rodenticides, P. B. Cornwell

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

Warfarin, zinc phosphide, norbormide and alphachloralose have been microencapsulated by the technique of coacervation and fed to laboratory rats (R. norvegicus) and mice (M. musculus). Results are given of experiments in which the concentration of rodenticide, wall material and phase ratio have been varied separately and in combination. Experiments are also reported in which normal and encapsulated rodenticide has been fed together in the same test diet.

Trapping - The Oldest Profession, William D. Fitzwater

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

While trapping is probably the oldest pursuit of man, predating hunting and agriculture, it has not undergone many drastic changes since the first primitive attempts. An arbitrary classification of traps [improvised traps, snares-and nets, cage traps, spring traps and glues] is discussed and examples of each group given. As the behavioral and physical characteristics of vertebrate animals vary so much, it is impossible to discuss trapping procedures in any detail, but certain principles apply to most situations. These are: (1) need for an understanding of the target species' habit patterns, (2) selection of a trap size and design suitable for …

Methods Of Controlling Jackrabbits, James Evans, Paul L. Hegdal, Richard E. Griffith Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

Since 1963, biologists of the Denver Wildlife Research Center have been investigating methods of alleviating agricultural damage by the black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus). Of the several approaches to control, most biological methods (predation, habitat manipulation, disease and parasites, and chemosterilants) appear impractical with present knowledge. Mechanical control except for fence barriers, usually has limited effectiveness. Currently, the most useful approach is still chemical control. Improved baiting techniques and several chemical control agents, including an experimental toxicant highly selective for jackrabbits, are described.

Pocket Gopher Problems And Control Practices On National Forest Lands In The Pacific Northwest Region, Paul R. Canutt

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

Pocket gophers of concern to foresters in the Pacific Northwest belong to the genus Thomomys (13). The two species believed responsible for most conifer damage are the northern pocket gopher (T. talpoides) which occurs east of the Cascade mountains in Washington, Oregon, and south into the northeastern edge of California and the nearly identical Mazama pocket gopher (j_. mazama), which ranges throughout western Oregon and into north central California (13). Pocket gopher damage is best known to agriculturalists who for many years have suffered losses to root, hay, fruit, and bulb crops, as well as damage to irrigation canals (23). …

Control Of Freshwater Fish With Chemicals, Robert E. Lennon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

Fish toxicants have been used for nearly 60 years by sport fishery managers to remove predaceous or competing fishes from gamefish waters. The reclamation of lakes and streams by poisoning unwanted fish is considered to be one of the better management tools, and the demand for reclamations is increasing as more waters come under intensive management. Many chemicals have been tried as fish toxicants, but the insecticides rotenone and toxaphene have been most widely used despite their disadvantages of non-selectivity between wanted and unwanted fishes, persistence in water, and toxic effects on aquatic invertebrates. Research in the past 20 years …