Digital Commons Network^™

Photonovels Produced By Client/Professional Partnerships: An Educational Approach To Commensal Vertebrate Ipm, Stephen C. Frantz, John P. Comings, Debra L. Roter

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

ABSTRACT: Since commensal vertebrate pest problems are largely "people problems," a well-planned and executed educational intervention could be the single most important component in an integrated pest management (IPM) program. The basic purpose of educational interventions is to bring sufficient information and understanding to affected clients so that they can and will intercept and control pests in the infested habitat. The encouragement of client participation in producing educational materials is consistent with learning theory and pest management principles. Such production methods allow materials to be closely aligned with client concerns and establish a climate for mutual exchange of ideas between …

Status Of Bromethalin Outside The United States , S. R. Spaulding, H. Spannring

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

ABSTRACT: Bromethalin has been extensively researched over the past decade in the United States, Switzerland, England, Denmark, and France. United States EPA registrations were received in 1982 and commercial pelleted formulations containing 0.01% bromethalin were developed and introduced in the USA by Ralston Purina (ASSAULT1*) in 1985 and Velsicol (VENGEANCE1*) in 1986. Ciba-Geigy is currently developing new formulations under the tradename DORATIDR for use outside the United States. Bromethalin acute toxicity and 14-day subchronic studies are reviewed and data from recently completed 90-day subchronic studies required for registration outside the US are presented. Pharmacodynamic studies have shown that bromethalin acts …

Ld50 Determination Of Zinc Phosphide Toxicity For House Mice And Albino Laboratory Mice, Li Jing-Hui, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Results showed that wild house mice were more susceptible to zinc phosphide than an albino strain. The LD50 and 95% confidence limits for combined sexes with wild house mice (Mus musculus) were 32.68 + 3.58 mg/kg, but 53.34 ± 2.64 for the albino mice. The regression equations between the probits of mortalities and the logs of doses are Y= 10.38x-10.72 for wild mice and Y=6.78x-6.71 for albino mice. Both the individual and sexual variations among albino mice in their susceptibility to zinc phosphide were greater than those of wild mice. The results suggest that attempts to extrapolate toxicity values from …

Attractiveness Of Carbon Disulfide To Wild Norway Rats, J. Russell Mason, N. Jay Bean, Bennett G. Galef Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

In laboratory experiments, carbon disulfide (CS2) increases the attractiveness of feeding stations to rats and mice. Bait consumption is also increased, and the effects are more pronounced for females than for males. The present study was designed to assess whether CS2 would enhance consumption of a standard bait formulation by wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). The results showed that consumption was tripled when bait was paired with CS2. We speculate that CS2 could similarly enhance the effectiveness of rodenticide bait formulations to which it is applied. Extensive field tests of CS2 as a rodent attractant appear warranted.

The Biology Of Domestic Rats: Telemetry Yields Insights For Pest Con¬Trol, Michael A. Recht

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

In previous studies Norway and roof rats were captured, fitted with radiotransmitter collars, and released into their respective habitats. Detailed observations were made of their locomotor patterns, home ranges, activity phasing, food sources, and general behavior. A summary of micro-ecology, habitat partitioning and other behaviors from those studies which may be of use to persons interested in vertebrate pest control is reported.

Rice As A Trap Crop For The Rice Field Rat In Malaysia, Y. M. Lam

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

The potential of rice as a trap crop for the rice field rat, Rattus argentiventer. was clearly illustrated by the studies conducted in 60.7 ha of newly rehabilitated rice land in Pcrmatang Pauh and in the MARDI Research Centre's rice fields in Bumbong Lima. The rice crop was very attractive to the rats, especially at the reproductive phase. The combina¬tion of a physical barrier and traps was very effective in exploiting rice as a trap crop for rice field rats. The trapping patterns indicated a massive influx of rats from the surroundings for a period of three weeks in Permatang …

Introduced Animals In Hawaii's Natural Areas, Charles P. Stone, Stephen J. Anderson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

The Hawaiian islands provide superlative examples of biological evolution and are perhaps the best sites in the world for biological invasions. Introduced invertebrates such as the Argentine ant (Iridomyrmex humilis) and the western yellowjacket wasp (Paravespula pensvlvanica) reduce native insects and plant pollinators and may have been a factor in native bird declines. Management of invertebrates in localized areas through use of chemicals such as Tahara and diazinon is being attempted. Research on the long term effects of alien birds on native ecosystems is under way, but management currently is restricted to preservation of intact and large areas of native …

Predator Odors And Their Potential Role In Managing Pest Rodents And Rabbits, Thomas P. Sullivan, Druscilla S. Sullivan, Douglas R. Crump, Hal Weiser, Elisabeth A. Dixon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

The snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus). several species of voles (Microtus spp.), the northern pocket gopher (Thomomys talpoidest. and the red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) cause serious damage to forest plantations and stands (and voles and pocket gophers in tree fruit orchards) by their feeding activities. Certain synthetic predator odors are reviewed which have produced significant avoidance responses in these pest species and reduced damage to crop trees on an experimental basis. In addition, the specific study reported in this paper was designed to assess the influence of predator odors on population density and survival of montane vole (M. montanus) populations in …

A Field Method For Assessing The Palatability Of Rodenticidal Baits, A. P. Buckle, D. E. Kaukeinen

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Assessments of the palatability of rodenticide baits are usually conducted in the laboratory but little is known of the value of such tests as determinants of the potential performance of formulations in the field. Field bait acceptance tests conducted earlier were either unduly time-consuming or failed to take account of aspects of rodent behavior in relation to baiting regimes which make the interpretation of results difficult. This paper describes a novel, cost effective technique for assessing the palatability of baits in the field and the use of the new method to compare the acceptance of three commercial formulations, containing either …

Effects Of Implementing Epa's Endangered Species Protection Program On National Forest System Lands, Shelley Witt, Glen Contreras, Max M. Ollieu

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

In 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated an effort to comply more fully with the Endangered Species Act. This effort became their "Endangered Species Protection Program." The possibility of such a program was forecast in 1982 when Donald A. Spencer gave a presentation to the Tenth Vertebrate Pest Conference on "Vertebrate Pest Management and Changing Times." This paper focuses on current plans for implementing the EPA's Endangered Species Protection Program as it relates to the USDA Forest Service. It analyzes the potential effects this program will have on the agency, using the pocket gopher (Thomomys spp.), strychnine, and …

Rodenticide Residues In Animal Carcasses And Their Relevance To Secondary Hazards, C. Raymond Record, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Some complexities and limitations of using carcass residue data to determine secondary hazard to nontarget species are discussed. The roles of chemical and toxicological properties of the rodenticide such as metabolism, excretion, organs of retention, site of absorption and latent period in secondary hazard are reviewed and examples given. The possible effects of bait composition and application methods, the behavioral response of the nontarget species, and local environmental factors upon secondary hazard are outlined.

Breeding Birches For Resistance To Rodent And Hare Damage , Matti Rousi, Jorma Tahvan Ainen, Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto, Ulrika Kurten

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Rodents and hares are very harmful pests in forest plantations in the Holarctic zone. No effective way to control damages by these pests is known. There is large variation in resistance of different birch species, origins and families. The resistance does not seem to be correlated to growth of seedlings, thus the prospects for resistance breeding are considered good. There seem to be large variation even within birch families which can partly be explained by morphological differences between seedlings. Also the nursery treatment seems to determine the palatability of seedlings to herbivores. Ways to produce resistant genotypes for the use …

Recent Approaches To Controlling Mountain Beavers (Aplodontia Rufa) In Pacific Northwest Forests, Dan L. Campbell, James Evans

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Biologists of the Denver Wildlife Research Center are currently investigating ways of managing mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) populations and are developing methods for alleviating mountain beaver damage to conifer trees being grown for timber in the Pacific Northwest. Studies initiated in 1986 indicated that aversive conditioning with Big Game Repellent Powder (BGR-P) dusted on cull Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings placed in burrows significantly reduced mountain beaver damage to planted seedlings treated with BGR-P and to untreated seedlings. Trials also showed that strychnine-sword fern (Polvstichum munitum) baits prepared with a 4.9% (active) strychnine paste concentrate (SLN Reg. No. ID-870003) are very …

Badgers (Taxidea Taxus) As Occasional Pests In Agriculture, Steven C. Minta, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

The badger (Taxidea taxus). because of its strong propensity for digging, is considered North America's fossorial carnivore, feeding mostly on ground squirrels, pocket gophers, and mice throughout much of the western and midwestern continent. Badger excavations, primarily in search of food, produce mounds and deep holes which can damage alfalfa and other crops and damage farm equipment and water systems. Depredations include poultry, waterfowl, and eggs. Overall, the badger is considered a relatively minor vertebrate pest. As a furbearer it is considered a renewable natural resource. Most local pest problems are currently reduced through leghold trapping and shooting. Habitat modification …

Development And Testing Of The Coyote Lure Operative Device, Daniel B. Fagre, Steven M. Ebbert

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

A new device for orally delivering substances to coyotes (Canis latrans) has been under development for approximately 10 years. The development of the coyote lure operative device (CLOD) is described along with some recent field evaluations of the CLOD system. In general, the results of these field tests indicate that the CLOD shows potential and merits further development.

Effect Of Ultrasonic, Visual, And Sonic Devices On Pigeon Numbers In A Vacant Building, Paul P. Woronecki

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Three bird scaring devices, ultrasonic, visual and sonic, were evaluated for repelling pigeons from inside a vacant building. After 10-30 days of treatment, none of the devices reduced the pigeon population from levels recorded in pre- and posttreatment periods. However, both the visual and sonic devices altered pigeon behavior during their 10-day treatment periods and temporarily reduced the pigeon population during the first 2 days of treatment. The ultrasonic device was completely ineffective; no change in pigeon activity was observed during a 20-day treatment period.

Prolonged Seed Handling Time Deters Red-Winged Blackbirds Feeding On Rice Seed, Dennis Daneke, David G. Decker

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Theoretical concepts from foraging ecology were studied to identify elements of blackbird foraging strategies that may be manipulated to deter blackbirds feeding on rice. Seed-handling time was identified as one such vulnerable element. Consequently, we developed seed coatings for rice that increased handling time per seed, allowed a satisfactory germination rate, and persisted for several days postplanting. Test coats included hydrophilic binders with several starches, clays, plaster of paris and chemical grout in various combinations. Consistent repellency was achieved in feeding trials with captive red-winged blackbirds.

Characteristics Of Bird-Resistance In Agricultural Crops , Roger W. Bullard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

The use of biochemical or morphological genetic traits in a crop to protect ripening seeds or grain from bird damage remains a promising tool under certain situations. Research on bird-resistance in crops has focused on grain sorghum, corn, sunflower and rice. This crop protection method involves feeding behavior of granivorous birds and its effectiveness depends on the availability of preferred alternate foods. That is, bird-resistant traits provide protection to the crop when other food choices are readily available; however, when alternate food is scarce or high bird populations create serious feeding competition, they are less effective. Several practical factors (i.e., …

Behavioral Response Of Cattle Egrets To Population Control Measures In Hawaii, David P. Fellows, Peter W. C. Paton

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

We monitored behavior of cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) during a population control program to reduce egret-aircraft strike hazards from a small heronry near the Hilo, Hawaii, airport. Results verified that attempts to move egrets from undesirable roost sites should be undertaken before nesting begins. Although possibly compounded by previous treatments, our observations also indicate that 1) egrets may abandon a new roost in response to a few dead egrets placed in clear view around the roost, and 2) shooting at egrets as they attempt to land at a traditional feeding site causes long-term avoidance of the area. Rapid repopulation after …

Management Of Fruit Bat And Rat Populations In The Maldive Islands, Indian Ocean, Richard R. Dolbeer, Lynwood R. Fiedler, Hussain Rasheed

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

The introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) and the endemic giant fruit bat (Pteropus giganteus ariel) are serious depredators of coconuts and fruits, respectively, in the Maldives. Differences in reproductive rate between rats (high) and bats (low) must be considered in implementing control programs. We estimate a rat population can fully recover from an island-wide reduction of 90% in less than 6 months. In contrast, a bat population may require 6 years to recover from a 90% reduction. Crown-baiting of coconut palms with anticoagulant rodenticides is effective in reducing rat damage, but villagers have been reluctant to adopt recommended baiting programs, …

The State Of The Bay - 1987, Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council (Tbrpc), Agency On Bay Management

Reports

Council's Agency on Bay Management has continued to lead and support major Bay related activities through legislation, development review, intergovernmental coordination, impact assessment and public education in 1987. Management and research efforts expand for the Bay as awareness grows of its significance. The State of the Bay - 1987 document represents the compilation of regional activities and these expanding effort to promote the Tampa Bay estuary.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 20, No. 1 March 1988

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

WINTER FOOD HABITS OF PRAIRIE PORCUPINES IN MONTANA ▪ P. Hendricks and H. F. Allard

RABIES CONTROL BY SKUNK DEPOPULATION IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA, 1983 TO 1986 ▪ M. J. Pybus

USE OF SHELTER BY MULE DEER DURING WINTER ▪ A. K. Wood

FORAGING BEHAVIOR AND FOOD HABITS OF BURROWING OWLS IN WYOMING ▪ C. D. Thompson and S. H. Anderson

WILD TURKEY NESTING ECOLOGY IN SOUTH CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ T. L. Wertz and L. D. Flake

DOES THE DOWNY AMERICAN AVOCET …

Characteristics Of Damage By Vertebrate Pests To Groundnuts In Pakistan, Joe E. Brooks, Ejaz Ahmad, Iftikhar Hussain

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

Vertebrate pest damage to groundnut (Arachis hvpogea) was assessed at harvest in 164 fields selected along road transects in Pakistan. Overall damage in these fields was estimated at 5.3 %, of which the lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis) accounted for 2.4%, the short-tailed mole rat (Nesokia indica) caused 1.0%, and the wild boar (Sus scrofa) caused 0.9%. Desert hares (Lepus nigricollis). crested porcupines (Hystrix indica) and house crows (Corvus splendens) together accounted for the remaining 1.0% damage. The damage characteristics of each species are described. Observations indicated that visual above-ground examination of plants for damage underestimated the actual loss because …

Final Report Of The Pearling Industry Review Committee To The Hon. Julian Grill, Western Australian Minister For Fisheries And Hon. John Kerin, M.P. Federal Minister For Primary Industries And Energy., F. J. Malone, D. A. Hancock, B. Jeffries

Fisheries Management Papers

In October 1987 an Interim Report was issued to enable the present licence holders, the Licensed Pearl Producers' Association and other who had expressed an interest to the Committee, to consider the interim recommendations and , if necessary, make written comment to the Committee.

The Committee considered the comments it received. It now presents its Final Report to the Western Australian Minister for Fisheries, the Hon. Julian Grill and the Federal Minister for Primary Industries and Energy, the Hon. John Kerin.

The Committee is recommending that the industry be quota controlled with entry by transfer only. The present licence holders …

Flocoumafen -- A New Anticoagulant Rodenticide , M. Lund

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 13th (1988)

ABSTRACT: Flocoumafen is a new anticoagulant rodenticide with an acute toxicity between that of bromadiolone and brodifacoum. It has performed well in field tests against house mice and susceptible as well as resistant brown rat populations. Danish lab tests reveal a considerable variation in susceptibility between rodent species and indicate that practical problems in the control of certain Scandinavian bromadiolone-resistant house mouse populations may arise shortly after introduction.

The Probe, Issue 80 - February 1988

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
FEBRUARY 1988
The Evolution of Anti-trapping.
Pesticides
Animal Rights vs. Wildlife Management-hunting System
APHIS Activity Report
ASTM Meeting – Monterey, CA
Nixalite
Pesticide Labeling
Letters to Ye Ed
Rabies
Farm Laborers

Environmental Assessment Of Las Vegas Wash And Lake Mead Artificial Wetlands Demonstration Project, John R. Baker, R. M. Gersberg, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Publications (WR)

The effective use of artificial wetlands for treatment of municipal wastewater is well documented; however, design and economic data for artificial wetlands development are limited (Gersberg et al., 1984a). This is due partly to regional differences in climate, soils, and vegetation and partly to the desired waste treatment. As a result, specific treatment levels and cost benefits relative to the use of an artificial wetlands for a particular site cannot be evaluated adequately without a pilot demonstration project. Las Vegas Wash receives sewage effluent from the Las Vegas metropolitan area and has been designated as a wetlands community park. Las …

A New Late Miocene Herpetofauna From Franklin County, Nebraska, R. M. Joeckel

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Variations In Water Quality Parameters Of The Mississippi River Near St. Cloud, Mn, Stephen B. Ellingson, Alfred J. Hopwood

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

ABSTRACT - Water quality parameters were monitored in the Mississippi River and three tributaries (Harris Channel, Watab Creek, and Sauk River) from July 1980 to April 1981. Results were correlated with water temperature and discharge to assess seasonal changes. Effects of tributary inflow on the river were determined. Planktonic carbon was estimated with the firefly luciferin-luciferase system which measures adenosine triphosphate extracted from viable cells. Particulate organic matter, planktonic carbon, and percentage viable carbon were correlated with temperature (p ~ 0.6) while nitrate plus nitrite was inversely correlated with temperature and discharge. Only the Sauk River affected the water quality …

Proposed Record Of Decision Fo Rteh Aptus Industrial And Hazardous Waste Treatment, Tooele County, Utah, Bureau Of Land Management; Salt Lake District Office; United States

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.