Digital Commons Network^™

Bonytail (Gila Elegans) May Enhance Survival Of Razorback Suckers (Xyrauchen Texanus) In Rearing Ponds By Preying On Exotic Crayfish, Nathan Lenon, Krystyna Anne Stave, Tom Burke, James E. Deacon

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research

This study examined the potential of bonytail (Gila elegans) to enhance survival of young razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) in rearing ponds by serving as a biological control agent for young stages of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarki). Large populations of crayfish in rearing ponds negatively affect the survival of razorback suckers, through predation and competition for food. Traps made with 6.34 mm (0.25 inch) mesh have been used in an effort to reduce crayfish populations, however crayfish less than 17 mm carapace length (CPL) are able to escape. Juvenile bonytail in experimental trials ate young crayfish ranging in size from …

An Interdatabase Comparison Of Nuclear Decay And Structure Data Utilized In The Calculation Of Dose Coefficients For Radionuclides Produced In A Spallation Neutron Source, John P. Shanahan, K. Eckerman, A. Arndt, C. Gold, Phillip W. Patton, Mark Rudin, R. Brey, T. Gesell, V. Rusetski, S. Pagava

Transmutation Sciences Physics (TRP)

Internal and external dose coefficient values have been calculated for 14 anthropogenic radionuclides which are not currently presented in Federal Guidance Reports Nos. 11, 12, and 13 or Publications 68 and 72 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Internal dose coefficient values are reported for inhalation and ingestion of 1 μm and 5 μm AMAD particulates along with the f₁ values and absorption types for the adult worker. Internal dose coefficient values are also reported for inhalation and ingestion of 1 μm AMAD particulates as well as the f₁ values and absorption types for members of the …

Inside Unlv, Diane Russell, Richard Jensen, Andy Grossman, Kevin Force

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Mosquito Population Dynamics During The Establishment Phase Of A Constructed Desert Wetland, April Newman

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The Nature Preserve at the Clark County Wetlands Park is a constructed wetland that has the potential to produce new mosquito habitat. This thesis evaluates the potential for the development of a mosquito problem at the newly constructed wetland system by assessing the population dynamics of mosquitoes within the Nature Preserve. Based on data collected from May 2001 through January 2002, I describe fluctuations in mosquito genus and relative abundance during the first summer through winter period of wetland development.

Effect Of Temperature On The Development Of Orius Albidipennis Reuter, A Predator Of The African Legume Flower Thrips, Megalurothrips Sjostedti Trybom, L. M. Gitonga, B. Löhr, W. A. Overholt, J. K. Magambo, J. M. Mueke

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The effects of temperature on the development of Orius albidipennis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), reared on its prey, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were studied in the laboratory. Nymphal mortality was 87, 48 and 38% at 20, 25 and 30 °C, respectively. With the exception of first-instar nymphs, percentage mortality was lowest at 25 °C. Pre-oviposition period and longevity decreased with an increase in temperature. Mean daily and total fecundity were 2.1 and 76.4 respectively at 25 °C. The mean developmental period from oviposition to adult eclosion was 27.7, 14.1 and 10.9 days at 20, 25 and 30 °C respectively. There …

Quantifying Potential Urban Landscape Water Conservation Through Billing Data Analysis In Layton, Utah, Roger Kjelgren, Fayek A. Farag, Christopher M. U. Neale, Joanna Endter-Wada, Judith Kurtzman

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Health Promotion Evaluation And Needs Assessment In The Transylvania Region Of Romania, Bryan C. Byrd

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Since the revolution of 1989, Romania has been undergoing wide ranging changes affecting all aspects of the country including health promotion. As common to many newly independent states (NIS) the changes in socio-economics, on-going poverty, unemployment status, and the overall culture shock of political transition, has resulted in health characteristics and indicators improving in some areas but suffering in others. This project was initiated as a descriptive study of the health promotion practices of Transylvania, Romania. The goal of the research was to describe and discover the philosophical practices driving current Romanian health promotion practices, as well as to conduct …

Influence Of Some Agroforestry Practices On The Temporal Structures Of Nematodes In Western Kenya, Serigne T. Kandji, Callistus K.P.O. Ogol, Alain Albrecht

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The influence of agroforestry practices on the temporal fluctuation of nematodes was studied in western Kenya. The experiment comprised a fallow phase, which had the following treatments: (1) maize/beans intercropping; (2) maize/beans intercropping with rock phosphate; (3) Crotalaria fallow; (4) Crotalaria fallow with rock phosphate; (5) Crotalaria fallow with rock phosphate (+ Calliandra and napier hedges); and a cultivation phase when all plots were planted to maize and beans. There were strong seasonal fluctuations in the abundance of both free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes. The abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes did not vary among cropping systems during the fallow phase, but varied …

Quantification Of Land-Use Impact On Stream Water Quality, Scott Dennis, Indrajeet Chaubey, Brian Haggard

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Accelerated eutrophication of Beaver Lake in northwest Arkansas is a major environmental concern. When developing watershed-management plans to protect lake water quality, it is important that linkages among land-use activities and water quality of tributary streams be quantified. This study assessed longitudinal base-flow and storm-flow water quality at War Eagle Creek and quantified linkages between stream water quality and land-use conditions within the War Eagle Creek sub-watershed of the Beaver Lake watershed. We collected six water samples: three from base-flow conditions and three from storm-flow conditions during Spring 2002. In general, concentrations of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total N (TN), total …

Bulletin No. 37: Living Resources And Habitats Of The Lower Connecticut River, Glenn D. Dreyer, Marcianna Caplis

Bulletins

No abstract provided.

Water Current, Volume 33, No. 6. December 2001

Water Current Newsletter

• “Daisy Well System” Promising Way for Small Communities to Fight Nitrates by Steve Ress

• From the Director

• Meet the Faculty

• Water and the NRCS…All Encompassing Topics by Steve Chick

• Variety and Current Issues Punctuate Spring Water and Natural Resources Seminar by Steve Ress

• Integrated Water Management Options in the Nebraska Ground Water Management & Protection Act by J. David Aiken

• Arkansas Researchers Study Water Quality on Nebraska Tribal Lands by Ralph Davis and Shelley McGinnis

• Platte River Policy Preferences by Raymond J. Supalla

• Water News Briefs

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 33, No.4 December 2001

The Prairie Naturalist

SPECIES, SEASON, AND DENSITY OF BURIED SEEDS SURVIVING FOX SQUIRREL DEPREDATION ▪ C. C. Smith, and J. M. Briggs

RELATI0NSHIP OF HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS AND POPULATlONS OF BREEDING PIPING PLOVERS ▪ D. S. Licht,

DEMODICOSIS IN A WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ C. N. Jacques, J. A Jenks. M. B. Hildreth. R. J. Schauer, and D. D. Johnson

SURVEYS OF CALLING AMPHIBIANS IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ D. H. Johnson, and R. D. Batie

EFFECTS OF HUMAN PRESENCE ON VOCALIZATIONS OF GRASSLAND BIRDS IN KANSAS ▪ S. L Bye, R. J. Robel, and K. E. Kemp

Reviewers 2001

Author …

Effects Of Binary Combinations Of Herbicides On Freshwater Algae, Jill K. Taylor

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

A Meta-Analysis And Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metal Uptake In Common Garden Vegetables., Trent David Lecoultre

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Peer reviewed literature was searched to identify research pertaining to the uptake of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb and Zn) by vegetables (cabbage, carrot, lettuce, and radish). The objectives of this research were to 1) determine the relationship between heavy metal concentrations in the soil and heavy metal concentrations in vegetables, and 2) determine the level of risk associated with exposure to heavy metals through ingestion of contaminated vegetables. Highly variable estimates and biologically implausible regression equations resulted from this meta-analysis. Exposure to arsenic through the ingestion of lettuce grown on contaminated soil significantly increases cancer risk, especially in children. …

Effects Of Land Use On Biotic Integrity In Ridge And Valley Streams In The Chattanooga Metropolitan Area, Tennessee-Georgia, Jeannie Long

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Twenty-one sites across seven streams in the Chattanooga metropolitan area, Tennessee-Georgia, were studied from April-August, 1999, as part of the Urban Streams Project. All sites are in the Ridge and Valley ecoregion and are part of the Nickajack Reservoir watershed in the Tennessee River system. Study sites were characterized in terms of water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages. Relationships among these features and land use, at both the riparian and watershed scales, were examined. A total of 40 species representing nine families of fishes were collected by electrofishing. Biotic integrity at all sites was degraded to some extent, with 16 …

Wetland Mitigation Banking In Tennessee: An Assessment Of Three Banks Performance, Matthew David Skilling

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Each year, the nation as a whole loses nearly 58,000 acres of wetlands. The national goal of both the EPA and the Army Corps of Engineers is to achieve no net loss of wetlands. Wetlands law allows for mitigation of wetland impacts with the implied assumption that the mitigation will adequately compensate for the wetland loss. Mitigation banks are becoming a popular mitigation option. Mitigation banks, due to their large size and ample mitigation ratios, make a significant contribution to the national goal of no net loss. This study evaluates three mitigation banks currently operating in Tennessee. The evaluation is …

Solid Waste Management In Oil And Gas Pipelines Application To Asab Field, Abdulqader M Alkamali

Theses

Managing solid waste, and any other wastes in general, is an environmental need, an economical choice and a legal requirement. Preserving the environment while lowering the cost becomes a necessity when liabilities are of concern.

Solid wastes generated from oil and gas industrial activities are very diverse in their characteristics, large in their amounts and many of which are hazardous in nature. Thus, the need to manage these wastes is an obvious mandate. Oil and gas industrial activities include exploration, drilling, production, processing, refining, manufacturing and exporting. Associated with these activities, other supporting services; such as, maintenance, civil, transportation, storage, …

Inside Unlv, Diane Russell, Jennifer Vaughan, Richard Jensen, Mae Worthey-Flennoy

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

The Suitability Of Reclaimed Agricultural Lands Along The Lower Colorado River For Native Riparian Habitat Restoration, Patti Aaron

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this paper is to determine the suitability of agricultural lands for use in native riparian restoration efforts under development for the Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program. Assuming these fields are productive for crops, would they be productive for cottonwood-willow restoration? There are two aspects to consider: (1) the edaphic conditions required for three major LCR agricultural crops; alfalfa, cotton, and wheat, and (2) whether those conditions are consistent with the conditions required for the restoration of native LCR riparian habitat, primarily Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) and Goodding willow (Salix gooddingii). Using the case study research approach …

Differential Responses Of Coyotes To Novel Stimuli In Familiar And Unfamiliar Settings, Charles E. Harris, Frederick F. Knowlton

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We studied behavioral responses of captive and wild coyotes (Canis latrans) toward novel objects and artificial scent stations to determine how they might respond to novel stimuli used in coyote management and research. When captive coyotes encountered novel stimuli in unfamiliar surroundings they showed little avoidance, while the same stimuli caused avoidance and neophobic reactions among coyotes when encountered in familiar surroundings. In the field phase of the study, radio-collared coyotes in southern Texas were intensively monitored in order to relate space-use patterns to the locations where these coyotes were exposed to artificial scent stations. Coyotes were more …

The Demographic Response Of Bank-Dwelling Beavers To Flow Regulation: A Comparison On The Green And Yampa Rivers, Stewart W. Breck, Kenneth R. Wilson, Douglas C. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We assessed the effects of flow regulation on the demography of beavers (Castor canadensis) by comparing the density, home-range size, and body size of bank-dwelling beavers on two sixth-order alluvial river systems, the flow-regulated Green River and the free-flowing Yampa River, from 1997 to 2000. Flow regulation on the Green River has altered fluvial geomorphic processes, influencing the availability of willow and cottonwood, which, in turn, has influenced the demography of beavers. Beaver density was higher on the Green River (0.5–0.6 colonies per kilometer of river) than on the Yampa River (0.35 colonies per kilometer of river). Adult …

Fisheries Research Report No. 130 - Environmental Requirements And Tolerances Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) With Special Reference To Western Australia: A Review, Brett W. Molony

Fisheries Research Reports

Both Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) and Salmo trutta (brown trout) have a long history of translocation and culture and a wide knowledge base exists. O.mykiss is being considered as a candidate for inland aquaculture in the salinity affected areas of southern Western Australia and this review aims, in part, at providing relevant information to those considering a trout-framing venture in Western Australia. Both species of trout can survive a wide range of environmental conditions, including temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen and ammonia, with O.mykiss having a higher temperature tolerance than S.trutta. However, within the ranges of environmental conditions, each species …

Fisheries Research Report No. 127 - A 12-Month Survey Of Recreational Fishing In The Peel-Harvey Estuary Of Western Australia During 1998-99, B E. Malseed, Neil R. Sumner

Fisheries Research Reports

A survey of recreational boat-based and shore-based fishing in the Peel-Harvey Estuary was conducted between August 1998 and July 1999. During the survey 1,996 interviews were conducted at boat ramps. Of these, 1,136 boats had been crabbing and 136 angling in the estuary (43 were both crabbing and angling). In addition to the interviews at boat ramps, 909 shore-based fishing parties were interviewed.

The survey estimated the total annual boat-based recreational fishing effort as 126,000 fisher days, with 88% of this effort targeting blue swimmer crabs. The total annual shore-based recreational fishing effort was estimated to be 191,000 fisher days, …

Fisheries Research Report No. 129 - Morphology And Incidence Of Yabby (Cherax Albidus) Burrows In Western Australia, Craig S. Lawrence

Fisheries Research Reports

Yabby (Cherax albidus) burrows were recorded from dams, channels and ponds in Western Australia. Twenty five sites were sampled during Spring, 1998 and the burrow morphology and density was described from six of these locations where burrows were present. To improve the sample size and address seasonal trends 49 commercially harvested yabby dams were sampled over the summer of 1999/2000 and the number and density of yabby burrows were recorded. Burrow incidence and morphology was also recorded from 25 research ponds at the Avondale Research Station between 1995-1997. Soil and water chemistry values are presented and their relationships with burrow …

Inside Unlv, Betty Blodgett, Tom Flagg, Diane Russell

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Genetic And Environmental Risk Factors Associated With Colon Cancer, Shamma Rashed Khalfan Al-Naili Al-Shamsi

Theses

Colorectal cancer represents one of the most common causes of mortality in the world. A major number of populations develop an adenoma by the age of 40s. Over the past years, it has become clear that genetic factors are of crucial importance in colorectal tumorigenesis. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is responsible of developing numerous colorectal cancers cases by causing mutations in the germline in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) genes.

Colon cancer is considered the second most frequent cause of death in most of the Western countries. Colonic cancer is common in women and rectal in men. It arise in adenomatous …

Quantitative Comparison Of Fecal Coliform And Fecal Streptococci Counts Of Six Ponds In Charlotte Sounty, Virginia, Melissa Dunn Back

Theses & Honors Papers

Performing testing to detect for the presence of fecal coliform and fecal streptococci are the acceptable standard methods for judging the quality of water. Their presence and quantitation are presumed to be a predictive indicator of potentially more serious organisms being present. This study was initiated to look at the differences in fecal coliform counts between irrigation ponds and livestock ponds. The hypothesis was that livestock ponds would have a significantly higher count of fecal coliform and fecal streptococci than irrigation ponds. This hypothesis was accepted. Six privately owned ponds in Charlotte County, Virginia were used to evaluate for the …

Targeting Alphas Can Make Coyote Control More Effective And Socially Acceptable, Michael M. Jaeger, Karen M. Blejwas, Benjamin N. Sacks, Jennifer C.C. Neale, Mary M. Conner, Dale R. Mccullough

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Research at the UC Hopland Research and Extension Center (HREC) has improved our understanding of how to reduce sheep depredation while minimizing the impact on coyotes. Analysis of a 14-year data set of HREC coyote-control efforts found that sheep depredation losses were not correlated with the number of coyotes removed in any of three time scales analyzed (yearly, seasonally and monthly) during corresponding intervals for the next 2 years. Field research using radiotelemetry to track coyotes supported and explained this finding. For example, in 1995, dominant “alphas” from four territories were associated with 89% of 74 coyote-killed lambs; “betas” and …

Determination Of Cabergoline By Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Picogram Detection Via Column Focusing Sample Introduction, Bruce A. Kimball, Thomas J. Deliberto, John J. Johnston

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

An electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method was developed for low-picogram detection of an ergot alkaloid, cabergoline, in coyote plasma extracts. Cabergoline is under investigation as an abortifacient in canid species. Central to the successful development of this method was the ability to introduce relatively large sample volumes into the mass spectrometer. This was achieved by focusing the analyte on a conventional high-performance liquid chromatography guard column prior to elution into the spectrometer. Volumes up to at least 900 μL could be injected onto the guard column using a 100% aqueous mobile phase. Cabergoline retained on the column was eluted …

Evaluation Of Chemical Repellents For Reducing Crop Damage By Dickcissels In Venezuela, M. L. Avery, E. A. Tillman, C.C. Lauker

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

In Venezuela, lethal control of wintering Dickcissels (Spiza americana) is considered a threat to the species survival. To help farmers protect their rice and sorghum crops from depredations by Dickcissels and to minimize the killing of large numbers of these birds, alternative non-lethal crop protection measures are needed. To that end, the responses of captive Dickcissels to three bird-repellent chemicals applied to rice seed were evaluated. In one-cup feeding trials, treatments of methiocarb (0.05% g g^-1, applied as Mesurol® 75% wettable powder) and anthraquinone (0.5%, applied as Flight Control® ) reduced consumption of rice by 70% …