Digital Commons Network^™

Field Evaluation Of Flight ControlTm To Reduce Blackbird Damage To Newly Planted Rice, John L. Cummings, Michael L. Avery, Owen Mathre, E. Allen Wilson, Darryl L. York, Richard M. Engeman, Patricia A. Pochop, James E. Davis Jr.

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

An effective, economic, and environmentally safe bird repellent is needed to reduce blackbird (Icterinae) depredations to newly planted rice. We evaluated Flight Control^TM, a 50% anthraquinone product, as a seed treatment for newly planted rice. We treated rice seed with Flight Control at a 2% (g/g) concentration (1% active anthraquinone) the day of planting. This concentration reduced the number of blackbirds (P=0.0003) using treated fields and blackbird damage to rice seed (P=0.0124). The chemical concentration of anthraquinone on rice seed averaged 0.79% (SE=0.06%) at planting; 0.39% (SE= 0.04%) at day I, 0.34% (SE=0.05%) at …

Affects Of Organic Fertilizers On The Growth And Biomass Production Of Agricultural Crops, Deanna Marshik

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Report To The Minister For Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries By The Integrated Fisheries Management Review Committee, Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

The Integrated Fisheries Management Review Committee was established to develop a strategy to integrate the management and sustainable use of fish resources. The Committee’s report proposes an alternative management framework and a set of guiding principles for allocating fish stocks to ensure optimal benefits are realised for the WA community. The report does not, and was not intended to, address specific allocation issues in particular fisheries – this will be a function of the framework and processes put in place following this review.

Data Summary From The Tampa Bay Interagency Seagrass Monitoring Program Through The Year 2001, Roger Johansson, Walt Avery

Reports

This paper presents a general overview of the Tampa Bay Interagency Seagrass Monitoring Program and results concerning seagrass distribution within Tampa Bay. Further, a summary of trends in areal coverage and major changes in species composition observed during the course of the monitoring program are also included. Data collected during the course of the program pertaining to water quality, sediment composition, and epiphytes are not discussed within this report. All inf

Efficacy Of Translocation Of Red-Tailed Hawks From Airports, Laurence M. Schafer, John L. Cummings, John A. Yunger, Kirk E. Gustad

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

Raptor translocation from airport environments is a management strategy that has been recommended and used in attempts to reduce aircraft strikes. However, supportive data are lacking about optimal translocation distance and direction, return rate, post-translocation fate and overall efficacy of the technique. We conducted a study from 1 December 1999 to 28 February 2002, which included satellite telemetry, to address these issues of raptor translocation at a Midwest Airport. Two hundred and fourteen red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) were translocated to 12 sites in Illinois, between 59 and 242 km from the airport. Thirty-four after-hatch-year (AHY) individuals were fitted …

Identification Of Batstrikes (Poster), Suzanne C. Peurach

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

Identification of fragmentary evidence such as hairs, bones, and claws that have been recovered from United States Air Force (USAF) aircraft has been undertaken by the Biological Survey Unit (USGS) for the last 5 years. The results of these investigations may be useful in preventing future damaging batstrikes. Examination of batstrikes may also provide valuable information to the scientific research community about patterns in bat migration, flight altitudes, and times of flight. Positive identifications are made by comparing unknown samples with the collection of museum specimens housed in the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History. Macroscopic characters such as …

Successful Use Of Alarm/Alert Call Playback To End Canada Goose Problems At An Ohio Business Park (Poster), Philip C. Whitford

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

Burgeoning continental resident Canada goose populations have led to increases in aircraft strikes. Once on or near airfields, geese have proven difficult to move and keep away. Playback of naturally recorded alarm and alert calls of the species was coupled with multiple harassment techniques to determine if this strategy would prove effective at removal of long-term resident geese from a 24-ha business park in Dayton, Ohio. The study began 26 February 2002, following territorial establishment by the geese, and continued until the last few geese had abandoned the property as of 14 May 2002. Most geese present were reusing nest …

Canada Goose Population Management At The Minneapolis-St. Paul International And Downtown St. Paul Airports, James A. Cooper

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

A Canada goose (Branta canadensis) control program was initiated at the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport (MSP) in 1984, and at the Downtown St. Paul Airport (STP) in 1994. Flightless geese >16 km from these airports were trapped (MSP 1,734; STP 1,397), neck-banded (MSP 1,047; STP 502), and observed and counted weekly in fall at 22 and 6 locations >5 km from MSP and STP, respectively. Efficacy was also measured by observing fall goose flights through the operations airspace in 1984-1987 and 1998-2001 (MSP), and 1994-2001 (STP). Based on neckband origin of birds observed >2 km from the airfields, …

Proceedings Of 4th Bird Strike Committee Usa/Canada Annual Meeting 21-24 October 2002 Sacramento, California Usa

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

Abstracts

Managing Nature In Today's World, Walter E. Howard

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

The objective of my talk is to help airport authorities better understand the turmoil they encounter when managing birds and other wildlife populations. Many are reluctant to manage birds and mammals because they know that it will inevitably stir up controversy. Especially this is true when the program includes lethal means. Many people think all problems can be resolved by using non-lethal frightening devices or by live-trapping offending animals and relocating them away from airports. There are some sound arguments as to why it is biologically, ecologically and ethically proper to even use lethal means to resolve some airport wildlife …

“Birdstrike” – What’S The Word? (Poster), Carla Dove

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

The word(s) “bird strike”, “bird-strike”, or “birdstrike” has been used inconsistently throughout the literature for as long as birds have been colliding with aircraft. A recent search of peer-reviewed articles in the Zoological Record and Biological Abstracts dating back to 1969 resulted in 52 articles that pertained to bird-aircraft collisions. Of those, 67% used two words (bird strike); 22% used a hyphenated word (bird-strike); 5.5% used one word (birdstrike), and 5.5% actually used both two words and the hyphenated version in the same paper! A brief glance through the proceedings and abstracts of recent Bird Strike Committee Meetings also exemplifies …

Attracting Arctic Foxes To Relocate A Gull Colony At Keflavik International Airport (Poster), Pall Hersteinsson, Gundmundur Orn Jonsson

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

The Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus) colony at Keflavik International Airport has grown from around 1,000 pairs in 1975 to over 20,000 pairs in the early 1990s and to around 30,000 pairs in 2000. The colony is considered a serious hazard to both military and civil air traffic. The population of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), the only predator in Iceland capable of preying on these gulls, was very small in this area from the late 1950s until the mid-1980s. A decade ago we noted that the location of the colony had shifted away from an arctic …

Environmental Controls Over Carbon Dioxide And Water Vapor Exchange Of Terrestrial Vegetation, B. E. Law, E. Falge, L. Gu, D. D. Baldocchi, P. Bakwin, P. Berbigier, K. Davis, A. J. Dolman, M. Falk, J. D. Fuentes, A. Goldstein, A. Granier, A. Grelle, D. Hollinger, I. A. Janssens, P. Jarvis, N. O. Jensen, G. Katul, K. Mahli, G. Matteucci, T. Meyers, R. Monson, W. Munger, W. Oechel, R. Olson, K. Pilegaard, K. T. Paw U, H. Thorgeirsson, R. Valentini, Shashi Verma, T. Vesala, K. Wilson, S. Wofsy

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The objective of this research was to compare seasonal and annual estimates of COM₂ and water vapor exchange across sites in forests, grasslands, crops, and tundra that are part of an international network called FLUXNET, and to investigating the responses of vegetation to environmental variables. FLUXNETs goals are to understand the mechanisms controlling the exchanges of CO₂,water vapor and energy across a spectrum of time and space scales, and to provide information for modeling of carbon and water cycling across regions and the globe. At a subset of sites, net carbon uptake (net ecosystem exchange, the net …

Phase And Amplitude Of Ecosystem Carbon Release And Uptake Potentials As Derived From Fluxnet Measurements, Eva Falge, John Tenhunen, Dennis D. Baldocchi, Marc Aubinet, Peter Bakwin, Paul Berbigier, Christian Bernhofer, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, George Burba, Robert Clement, Kenneth J. Davis, Jan A. Elbers, Matthias Falk, Allen H. Goldstein, Achim Grelle, Andre Granier, Thomas Grunwald, Jon Gundmondsson, David Hollinger, Ivan A. Janssens, Petri Keronen, Andrew S. Kowalski, Gabriel Katul, Beverly E. Law, Yadvinder Malhi, Tilden Meyers, Russell K. Monson, Eddy Moors, J. William Munger, Walt Oechel, Kyawtha Paw U, Kim Pilegaard, Ullar Rannik, Corinna Rebmann, Andrew E. Suyker, Halldor Thorgeirsson, Giampiero Tirone, Andrew Turnipseed, Kell Wilson, Steve Wofsy

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

As length and timing of the growing season are major factors explaining differences in carbon exchange of ecosystems, we analyzed seasonal patterns of net ecosystem carbon exchange (F_NEE) using eddy covariance data of the FLUXNET data base (http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/FLUXNET). The study included boreal and temperate, deciduous and coniferous forests, Mediterranean evergreen systems, rainforest, native and managed temperate grasslands, tundra, and C3 and C4 crops. Generalization of seasonal patterns are useful for identifying functional vegetation types for global dynamic vegetation models, as well as for global inversion studies, and can help improve phenological modules in SVAT or biogeochemical models. …

Seasonality Of Ecosystem Respiration And Gross Primary Production As Derived From Fluxnet Measurements, Eva Falge, Dennis D. Baldocchi, John Tenhunen, Marc Aubinet, Peter Bakwin, Paul Berbigier, Christian Bernhofer, George Burba, Robert Clement, Kenneth J. Davis, Jan A. Elbers, Allen H. Goldstein, Achim Grelle, Andre Granier, Jon Gundmundsson, David Hollinger, Andrew S. Kowalski, Gabriel Katul, Beverly E. Law, Yadvinder Malhi, Tilden Meyers, Russell K. Monson, J. William Munger, Walt Oechel, Kyaw Tha Paw U, Kim Pilegaard, Ullar Rannik, Corinna Rebmann, Andrew E. Suyker, Riccardo Valentini, Kell Wilson, Steve Wofsy

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Differences in the seasonal pattern of assimilatory and respiratory processes are responsible for divergences in seasonal net carbon exchange among ecosystems. Using FLUXNET data (http://www.eosdis.ornl.gov/FLUXNET) we have analyzed seasonal patterns of gross primary productivity (F_GPP), and ecosystem respiration (F_RE) of boreal and temperate, deciduous and coniferous forests, Mediterranean evergreen systems, a rainforest, temperate grasslands, and C₃ and C₄ crops. Based on generalized seasonal patterns classifications of ecosystems into vegetation functional types can be evaluated for use in global productivity and climate change models. The results of this study contribute to our understanding …

Assessment Of Cabergoline As A Reproductive Inhibitor In Coyotes (Canis Latrans), T. J. Deliberto, A. Seglund, W. Jochle, B. Kimball

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The efficacy of three oral formulations (gelatin capsule, tablet, oil base) and five dosages (50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 μg) of cabergoline to disrupt reproduction in coyotes (Canis latrans) was evaluated. The type of formulation used had no effect on plasma progesterone and prolactin concentrations or on mean litter size. No adverse side effects (for example, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea) were observed despite the use of doses of up to 20 times the therapeutic dose used for domestic dogs and cats. All coyotes treated with 50, 100, 250 and 500 μg cabergoline whelped, but plasma progesterone concentrations in these coyotes were …

Wildlife Fertility Control, K.A. Fagerstone

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Huge flights of Canada geese turn off local park visitors with their messy, smelly "business cards." The superabundant white-tailed deer we love to watch also can do a number on your car at night and host the ticks that carry Lyme Disease. Blackbirds and gulls and coyotes and other critters bring their own problems when their numbers get out of hand.

Most such problems reach their highest profile in urban/suburban areas where traditional animal-control techniques such as hunting and trapping are frowned upon or illegal. More and more people are calling for wildlife managers to use "fertility control"–-but is that …

Review Of Recreational Take Of Coral In Western Australia. A Discussion Paper., Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

This discussion paper has been prepared by the Department of Fisheries (Western Australia) to address the issue of recreational collection of coral in coastal waters of Western Australia. The paper describes: • popular coral locations in WA; • management issues associated with the recreational collection of corals; • management objectives and strategies as possible options to address the issue of recreational collection of corals; and • seeks public input on the proposed management objectives and strategies.

Water Current, Volume 34, No. 5. October 2002

Water Current Newsletter

• Fall NSIA/NWRA Convention Focuses on “Changing Times/Changing Attitudes”

• From the Director

• Meet the Faculty

• Both Blues Fall Below State-line Minimums by Keith a Paulsen

• Reclaiming Land Across the Arid West

• Bureau of Reclamation Develops Irrigation and Flood Control Projects Across Nebraska

• The North Platte Project in Wyoming and Nebraska

• The Glendo Unit in Wyoming

• Two Area Offices Manage Nebraska and Wyoming Projects

• Irrigation and Reclamation Districts and Water Supply Companies

• Water Center, Conservation and Survey Division 2003 Calendar • Water News Briefs

• Making the Choice Between Bottle Water …

Diets Of Baird’S Beaked Whales, Berardius Bairdii, In The Southern Sea Of Okhotsk And Off The Pacific Coast Of Honshu, Japan, William A. Walker, James G. Mead, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Stomach contents were analyzed from 127 Baird’s beaked whales, Berardizls bairdii, taken in coastal waters of Japan. During late July-August of 1985- 1987, 1989, and 1991, 107 samples were collected from off the Pacific coast of Honshu. An additional 20 samples were collected from whales taken in the southern Sea of Okhotsk during late August-September of 1988 and 1989. Prey identification using fish otoliths and cephalopod beaks revealed the whales fed primarily on deep-water gadiform fishes and cephalopods in both regions. Prey species diversity and the percentage of cephalopods and fish differed between the two regions. Off the Pacific …

Identifying Sources Of Fecal Pollution In The Roanoke River, Roanoke County, Virginia, J. Brooks Crozier, Brian Clark, Holly Weber

Virginia Journal of Science

Antibiotic Resistance Patterns (ARPs) of Enterococcus spp. were used as a phenotypic fingerprint to compare and categorize unknown-source isolates in an impaired segment of the Roanoke River, Roanoke County, Virginia. Antibiotic resistance analysis (ARA) of enterococci has been effectively used to differentiate among sources of fecal contamination in many geographic regions in the United States. Enterococcus spp. were used as a fecal indicator in a library consisting of 1,562 known-source isolates. Two-way analysis indicated that approximately 95% of the unknown-source isolates collected were of animal origin. A 3-way analysis indicated that 61% of the unknowns were of livestock origin while …

Americanizing Sustainability: Place-Based Approaches To The Global Challenge, Timothy Beatley, Richard C. Collins

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Benthic Biological Monitoring Program Of The Elizabeth River Watershed (2001) With A Study Of Paradise Creek, Daniel M. Dauer

Elizabeth River Reports

Executive Summary

A study of the macrobenthic communities of the Elizabeth River watershed was initiated in summer 1999. This report presents the data from the third year of sampling in 2001. The three objectives of the Benthic Biological Monitoring Program of the Elizabeth River watershed are: (1) To characterize the health of the tidal waters of the Elizabeth River watershed as indicated by the structure of the benthic communities. ( 2) To conduct trend analyses on long-term data at 14 fixed-point stations to relate temporal trends in the benthic communities to changes in water and/or sediment quality. Trend analyses will …

Phillips Brook Catchment Appraisal, Paul D. Galloway

Resource management technical reports

This report describes the soils, hydrology and natural vegetation of the Phillips Brook catchment near Toodyay, Western Australia and provides information on the threats to agriculture, infrastructure and natural resources from salinity, waterlogging, erosion and other land degradation processes.

Water Resources Review - Fall 2002 Vol 15 No 2, Annis Water Resources Institute

AWRI Reviews

No abstract provided.

On-Site Sewage Disposal Systems & Septage Management For Individual Homes And Small Communities, James R. Hegarty

Watershed Management Plans and Reports

The purpose of this paper is two-fold:

To identify alternatives and/or improvements to conventional septic systems for residential sewage collection and treatment for small communities and residential developments.

To research existing ordinances that require on-going management of residential and community septic systems, disposal of septage, and develop a model septic system and septage management ordinance that can apply to Kent County communities.

It is hoped that this study’s recommendations will be adopted in Kent County. Eventually, Kent County’s model program can be used to effect statewide implementation of responsible environmental policies that will improve our environment and public health. The …

The Tide Is High For The Boston Beaches, Marissa Glowac

New England Journal of Public Policy

In 1993, Massachusetts Governor William Weld and Boston Mayor Thomas Menino approved the “Back to the Beaches” project, a seven-year, $30.5 million public project to restore nineteen Boston Harbor beaches. Today, these sites have new, cleaner sand, improved access, and new amenities and facilities now ready to offer additional opportunities for recreation. People are coming back to the Boston Harbor beaches in numbers significantly higher than a decade ago. This study concludes that the implementation and success of the “Back to the Beaches” project can be attributed to several factors — an increased public awareness of the value of open …

Prairie Dogs And The Prairie Ecosystem, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Dallas R. Virchow

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Prairie dogs play an important role in the prairie ecosystem by creating unique patches of habitat in the expansive prairies of the American West. Their daily activities change the physical characteristics of the community, which leads to increased plant and animal diversity. Prairie dogs are a source of food for several predators, and their burrows provide homes for a variety of species, including the burrowing owl and endangered black-footed ferret. They also provide recreational opportunities for nature observers, photographers, and the sporting public. The presence of large, healthy prairie dog towns, however, is not always compatible with agriculture and other …

Fisheries Research Report No. 141 - A Guide To Good Otolith Cutting, Jerry Jenke

Fisheries Research Reports

This is a guide for embedding and sectioning fish otoliths. It is based on many years of otolith sectioning experience and is written as a recipe book for novice and expert alike. Included is a method for the enhancement of the clarity of small otoliths for improved sectioning, development of custom made tools, as well as a list of do’s and don’ts and hints to make the job easier. Use of this guide will assist in the most reliable interpretation of an otolith's internal structure, thereby improving ageing studies in general.

3-D Seismic Exploration Project, Ute Indian Tribe, Uintah & Ouray Reservation, Uintah County, Utah, Marc T. Eckels

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

No abstract provided.