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Rodent Problems Of The West Indies, John O. Williams

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

The commensal rodents as we know them are an introduced species into the West Indies. They came with the first explorers from Europe and the first slaves from Africa and were spread not only in the West Indies but North and South America as well. The first record of attempts at their control was in Barbados in the 1700s when two pence was paid for each rat caught. Active control has been going on in the islands since the 1960s and 1970s with only partial success. The Pan American Health Organization is now assisting many of the governments with their …

Trends Of Predator Losses Of Sheep And Lambs From 1940 Through 1985, Clair E. Terrill

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Mortality of sheep and lambs from all causes and from predator losses from 1940 through 1985 for the United States is presented including economic aspects. Lamb losses from all causes were 9% of the lamb crop in 1940 and were generally higher thereafter and reached a peak in 1978 of 14%. Losses of sheep 1 year old and older from all causes were 7.5% in 1940 remained somewhat higher through the '60s and then declined to a low of 5.2% in 1985. Calculation of predator losses were based on an upward trend of lamb losses relative to sheep losses with …

Opening Remarks—Twelfth Vertebrate Pest Conference, Terrell P. Salmon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

On behalf of the Vertebrate Pest Council, welcome to the 12th Vertebrate Pest Conference. Every other year since 1962, the Vertebrate Pest Council has sponsored the conference with the primary objective of bringing individuals interested in vertebrate pest control together to discuss problems and solutions of mutual concern. The main objectives of the conference are:
1. To exchange information on vertebrate pest management and related matters.
2. To advance environmentally safe vertebrate pest management methodologies.
3. To build cooperation with public and private agencies in solving vertebrate pest problems.
4. To consider and promote discussion and interaction among agencies and …

Eradication And Control Of Feral And Free-Ranging Dogs In The Galapagos Islands, Bruce D. Barnett

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Islands are notorious for the ease with which the balance of their natural communities can be upset by the introduction of organisms from other areas. Introduced species can establish themselves quickly and successfully at the expense of native flora and fauna because the usual checks to their increase found in their home environments are often absent on islands. Many island organisms are ill-fitted to withstand predation by or competition with introduced organisms. A characteristic of some island species that increases their vulnerability to introduced predators is their relative "fearlessness". As Darwin (1845) prophetically wrote when describing the extraordinary tameness of …

An Urban Roof Rat Control Program In Orange County, California, Gilbert L. Challet

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

A program to control roof rats (Rattus rattus) has been conducted by the Orange County Vector Control District since 1975. Orange County is located in southern California just south of Los Angeles and is composed of 782 square miles of coastal foothills and alluvial plain with a population of 2 million. Urbanization takes up about one-half the total area and it is mainly a semi-desert situation with usually less than 15 inches of rain a year. However, because of the balmy temperature and imported water, vegetation grows rampant. Vegetation is used by the rats as harborage (Algerian ivy, …

The House Mouse In Poultry Operations: Pest Significance And A Novel Baiting Strategy For Its Control, Robert M. Corrigan, Ralph E. Williams

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Enclosed and insulated commercial poultry buildings provide ideal habitat for supporting unusually large populations of the house mouse (Mus musculus L.). Mice cause damage to various structural and operational components of poultry facilities; thus, they are of economic significance as well as general nuisances. Effective mouse control programs in poultry operations are often difficult, complicated, time consuming and inefficient due to various environmental and operational factors intrinsic to commercial poultry facilities. The significance of the house mouse as an economic pest in poultry operations is discussed via the results of a rodent control survey of 161 commercial poultry operations …

Closing Remarks For The 12th Vertebrate Pest Conference, A. Charles Crabb

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

This concludes the 12th Vertebrate Pest Conference. Before going on with my closing remarks, I think we should acknowledge the excellent job done by all of our session chairpersons and speakers. On behalf of the Vertebrate Pest Council I want to thank you for your participation in the conference.

Pocket Gopher Damage To Conifers In Western Forests: A Historical And Current Perspective On The Problem And Its Control, Glenn A. Crouch

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Pocket gophers (Thomomys spp.) damage or destroy regeneration on hundreds of thousands of acres of forestland in the western United States each year. Despite years of research, poisoning the offending animals—a technique developed around the turn of the century on agricultural land--is still the most prevalent practice for controlling damage on western forests.

Enterprise Budgets: A Tool For Vertebrate Pest Control Decision Making In Developing Countries, Daniel C. Evans

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Semi-subsistence farms that predominate in developing countries have more complex goals than the strict profit motives of corporate farms. Small farm management decisions are commonly based on a desire to increase production while avoiding risks and reducing labor demands and operating costs. Enterprise budgets are a valuable tool for understanding diverse farming systems and farmers' decision-making processes. The preparation of enterprise budgets documents production expenses, labor requirements, and specific activities related to pest control, as well as sources of supplies and technical information. By identifying what resources are commonly used and the relative importance of farm labor, the preparation of …

Biological Status Of Mountain Lions In California, E. Lee Fitzhugh, W. Paul Gorenzel

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Mountain lions (Felis concolor) symbolize wilderness. The "wild west," a supreme predator, supreme quarry, destroyer of wildlife (game and nongame), livestock, and "trophy" hunting. They are the epitomy of controversy in California. In this paper we will review the history of management and present legal status of mountain lions in California, the political situation leading to the present status, and some of the biological factors that have been controversial, particularly relating to population status and trends.

Twelfth Vertebrate Pest Conference Frontmatter And Table Of Contents

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Table of Contents

Recent Research On Red Squill As A Rodenticide, Anthony J. Verbiscar, Thomas F. Banagan, Howard Scott Gentry

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Red squill has been used in rodent control for several hundred years but in the United States its use has decreased since the 1950s. However, there is now a recognized need for rodenticides with different kinds of toxic activity. Red squill is being investigated as an acute rodenticide and an economic crop for the southwestern states. Clones from a prior USDA collection have been assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography and selections are being propagated in California and Arizona. The major toxicant, scilliroside, is relatively fast acting, causing convulsions and death to rats and mice. This glycoside is also strongly emetic …

Application Of A Benefit:Cost Model To Blackbird Damage Control In Wild Rice, W. Paul Gorenzel, Daniel B. Marcum, Terrell P. Salmon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

From commercial fields near McArthur, California, we collected data on methods for controlling blackbird (Icteridae) damage to wild rice (Zizania aquatica). Using and expanding upon an economic model proposed by Dolbeer (1981), we derived economic comparisons of three control programs employing: 1. methiocarb, 2. shooting and propane exploders, and 3. all methods combined. Shooting and propane exploders used together were the most cost effective with a benefit:cost ratio of 2.16:1. Under the assumptions used in the model, methiocarb was least effective with a benefit:cost ratio of only 0.62:1. We discuss assumptions of the model and using basic initial …

Implications And Management Of Feral Mammals In California, Walter E. Howard, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

"Feral" is defined. For each of the principal species of feral mammals in California we note the broad ecological implications they have on the environment and the potential or actual management approaches being followed. The main emphasis of this paper, and all of the slides shown, was on how wild horses and burros, two controversial feral species, are managed in California and in other western states. The feral pig is about to become the number one big game animal in California, and mustrats (Ondatra zibethica (L.)), which were introduced or escaped into the Sacramento Valley—-hence locally feral--are the state's …

Intoxication Of Domestic And Wild Animals By Anticoagulant Rodenticides — A Synthesis Of Data From The French National Veterinary Antipoison Center, G. Lorgue, K. Nahas, G. Keck, M. Rampaud

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

During the period from 1980 to 1985 the laboratory of toxicological analysis associated with the National Veterinary Antipoison Center received 1,343 samples for research of anticoagulant rodenticide (e.g., 14.1% of total samples): 79% concerned animals, 31% baits. Six compounds marketed in France were investigated (warfarin, chlorophacinone, bromadiolone, difenacoum, coumachlore, coumatetralyl). In two-thirds of the samples, none of these substances could be found. Warfarin was by far the most incriminated rodenticide (23.1%), and dogs represented the most affected species (65.7%). However, its occurrence decreases regularly. The other compounds were found with a very low frequency (1 to 3%). In 70% of …

An Integrated Approach To Bubonic Plague Control In A Southwestern Plague Focus, Curtis E. Montman, Allan M. Barnes, Gary O. Maupin

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Plague is widespread among rodents and their fleas in the western United States, but most human cases occur in several definable, ecologically unique, and geographically limited high risk areas in the Southwest and Pacific Coast states. Control strategies to prevent human cases in high risk areas must vary from one epizootic focus to another, depending on such basic ecological factors as rodent/flea species involved; their distribution, abundance, seasonality, and relationship with the plague organism; climatic factors that affect transmission; the lifestyles of human residents; and others. This paper briefly summarizes preliminary results of a long-term program to define human risk …

The Complexities At The Interface Among Domestic/Wild Rodents, Fleas, Pets, And Man In Urban Plague Ecology In Los Angeles, County, California, Bernard C. Nelson, Minoo B. Madon, Arthur Tilzer

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Bubonic plague was first found in Los Angeles County in 1908. The largest epidemic of pneumonic plague in the United States occurred in the county in 1924, and the last cases of plague associated with domestic rodents in the United States occurred here in 1925. Sporadic plague activity was recorded from 1925 to 1975. Since 1975, plague has been found annually and is now endemic in the San Gabriel Mountains and the interface, that area where suburban encroachment intermingles with wilderness areas along the southern edge of these mountains. Within these two areas, plague is amplified and is a risk …

Current Changes To Vertebrate Pest Management In New Zealand, Peter C. Nelson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Vertebrate pest control in New Zealand is changing as a result of a reduction in state funding. Monetary assistance for control programs is being withdrawn at $0.8 million per year and currently is $5.4 million. This reduction affects several parts of the organization and the Agricultural Pests Destruction Council has initiated various programs to rationalize control. The major effect of reducing assistance is that the landowners have to contribute more money. The necessity of blanket control of rabbits is now questioned and two investigations are underway to determine the extent of the areas where rabbit control is required and demonstrate …

Approaches To Small-Holder Rodent Control, C. G. J. Richards

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Rodents are now recognized as one of the most important pests damaging crops in countries as far apart as Indonesia, Tanzania and Venezuela (Benigno and Sanchez 1984, Taylor 1984, Williams and Vega 1984). Damage to crops such as rice may be devastating during periodic upsurges in rodent numbers, with yields often reduced by 50% or more. It is being increasingly recognized, however, that continual chronic losses, which commonly occur over very large areas, are economically more significant (Buckle et al. 1985), resulting in yield losses in the range of 5 to 10% of national crops every year in many countries …

Agriculture And Forestry Rodent Problems And Control In Italy, Luciano A. Santini

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Rodent pest problems and their control in Italy are reviewed. Two rats, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus, and the field mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, are often important pests both in rural and forestry areas. Other species, such as voles, Microtus arvalis and Microtus (Pitymys) savii, in orchards and in horticulture, and Sciurus vulgaris and Myoxus (Glis) glis in forestry, sometimes represent serious problems. For each species the kind of damage and control is recorded, and additional considerations are supplied to the public and private organizations responsible for rodent control.

Rodent Control In East Africa, William R. Smythe

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

The nations of East Africa consist of Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. They encompass a widely varied topography, from coral strands to snow-capped mountains, rain forests to deserts, and tropical to temperate. In all these areas where soil and rainfall patterns permit, agricultural crops are grown. For the most part farming is of a subsistence nature being small single family plots. These farms make up to 90% of the farming in most of the East African nations. There are large farms in Kenya and Zimbabwe generally confined to the temperate uplands. Elsewhere there are large government …

Approaches To Coot Management In California, Valerie Van Way

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Coot depredations have been documented in California since 1886, and shooting has been relied on as the principal means of mitigating damage. Immobilizing agents continue to offer promise as useful nonlethal tools for population reduction programs. Exploration of the use of tribromoethanol in coot capture is described, and the potential for other bird management techniques is discussed.

The Probe, Issue 61 - March 1986

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
March, 1986
Foreign News
Second Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference
Vasectomies for Horses
Herring and Black-backed Sea Gulls
“A Little Help From a Friend” by Eugene McFerran
Hunting
Coyotes vs. Antelopes
Rabies in Rodents

Results Of Eight Years' Examination Of The Habitats Of Residual Urban Norway Rat Populations After Eradication, Daniel Bajomi, Katalin Sasvari

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

In Budapest (population 2 million) 33 out of 100 buildings were rat-infested in the early seventies. Thus general deratization was decreed to cover the whole of the city in 1971 to 1972. As a result of the global eradication method applied, the rate of rat-infested premises could be reduced below 0.5% annually. After control the sparsely occurring rats could freely choose any of the habitats released for settling. The habitats of Budapest most preferred by Norway rats are presented after a wide-ranging investigation carried out over 8 years. Our examination data support and in some cases reveal the requirements of …

Richard Feinberg's Review Of Patrick Vinton Kirch And D. E. Yen's Tikopia: The Prehistory And Ecology Of A Polynesian Outlier, Richard Feinberg

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 18, No. 3 September 1986

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

HABITAT SELECTION AND MOVEMENT PATTERNS IN SANDHILLS RODENTS ▪ C. A. Lemen and P. W. Freeman

THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE WEAVER DUNES, WABASHA COUNTY, MINNESOTA ▪ P. A. Cochran

MULTIPLE EGG CLUTCH PRODUCTION IN THE GREAT PLAINS TOAD ▪ J. J. Krupa

MAMMALS OF THE KONZA PRAIRIE RESEARCH NATURAL AREA, KANSAS ▪ E. J. Finck, D. W. Kaufman, G. A. Kaufman, S. K. Gurtz, B. K. Clark, L. J. McLellan, and B. S. Clark

AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES IN LEVEL DITCHES AND ADJACENT EMERGENT …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 18, No. 1. March 1986

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INVASION PATTERN MAPPING OF NON-SEEDED SPECIES ON A SHALLOWLY DISTURBED SEEDED SITE ▪ C. E. Grygiel, C. D. Bonham, and E. F. Redente

CHANGES IN THE LICHEN FLORA OF PIPESTONE NATIONAL MONUMENT, MINNESOTA ▪ G. D. Willson and T. W. Vinyard

INTERPOPULATION VARIABILITY IN MOUTHPARTS IN Scaphiopus bombifrons IN NEBRASKA (AMPHIBIA: PELOBATIDAE) ▪ T. L. Potthoff and J. D. Lynch

PLANTS AND INVERTEBRATES IN A PRAIRIE WETLAND DURING DUCK BROOD-REARING J. W. McCrady, W. A. Wentz, and R. L. Linder

OCCURRENCE OF …

The Probe, Issue 60 - February 1986

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
FEBRUARY, 1986
National Wool Grower’s Convention
Animal Rights
Toxic Collar
Trapping Figures
Red Fox and Ducks
Letters to Ye Ed
The Coyote
Master Trapper of the Year
What do Coyotes Eat?
Do-it-Yourself Skunk Control
Killer Beavers
Audubon Society

Tradition, Innovation And Conflict: Perspectives On Colorado Water Law, Lawrence J. Macdonnell

Books, Reports, and Studies

This digital resource contains only an abstract, cover image and table of contents information from the published book.

Print copy of book is available in the University of Colorado’s Wise Law Library: http://128.138.161.92/record=b129217

Contents: Introduction / Lawrence J. MacDonnell -- PART ONE : THE BACKGROUND: Meeting Colorado's water requirements : an overview of the issues / David H. Getches -- The historical development of Colorado water law / Raphael J. Moses -- PART TWO : WATER RIGHTS ADJUDICATION AND ADMINISTRATION: Administering Colorado's water : a critique of the present approach / Clyde O. Martz, Bennett W. Raley -- Water administration …

An Overview Of Minnesota's Role In The Federal Nuclear Waste Disposal Process, Gregg Larson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.