Digital Commons Network^™

Conversion And Validation Of Sigart Program, A Progressive Traffic Signal Lights System Computer Model, Dennis F. Troyan

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research paper was to translate a Computer Model (SIGART), capable of simulating a progressive traffic signal lights system, from Burroughs B5500 FORTRAN II to the IBM 360 FORTRAN IV computer language, to outline the program algorithm, to set up detailed program documentation and to validate this model by applying practical system data. Expansion of the SIGART program by addition of an option to produce a time space plot of the output data utilizing a Calcomp plotter was also to be considered.

The Heat Treatment Of Soil By Microwaves To Control Pathogenic Parasitic Fungi, Dean Franklin Rich

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of Thermal Energy Potential In Florida Lakes As A Power Source To Arrest Conditions Of Oxygen Deficiency, John. Jackson

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Electrostatic Precipitation, Robert C. Hinsey

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Sinkholes In Florida And Their Effect On Man's Environment, Gregory Jackson Skinner

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The primary reason for making the research study on "Sinkholes in Florida and Their Effect on Man's Environment", is an interest in learning more about this somewhat unique phenomenon and how it is likely to affect man in the future, particularly here in Central Florida. This is significant at this time in view of the large number of existing sinkholes, the frequency of occurrence, the projected population and economic growth, and the possible impact this growth may have on future sinkhole occurrences. The research concentrated on possible causes, effects, frequencies, locations and mean of predicting future sinkhole development. There is …

Environmental Status Report - July, August, Spetember/October, November, December 1971, Florida Power Corporation

Reports

The publication of this issue of the Environmental Status Report incorporates the environmental activities of Florida Power Corporation from July to December, 1971. Due to exigencies from the development and publishing of the Crystal River Unit 3 Environmental Report, the July-August-September, 1971 Quarterly is· sue was therefore postponed for inclusion with the October-November-December, 1971 Quarterly issue to provide a composite of the environmental programs and activities for the second half of 1971

Survey Of Instrumentation For Air Quality Surveillance, John Bowling

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Mathematical Model For Determining The Thermal Distribution Resulting From Discharge Of A Heated Effluent, Alan H. Epstein

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A mathematical model is presented for the problem of determining the two-dimensional temperature distribution resulting from the discharge of a heated effluent into a shallow, quiescent receptacle. The physical model of the problem is the two-dimensional jet augmented by an imposed condition of viscous drag due to bottom friction effects. By virtue of the assumption that the physical properties of the effluent are independent of temperature over the operational temperature range of the plume, the analysis separates the total problem into a flow problem and a temperature problem. Solution of the temperature distribution is accomplished both analytically and numerically. Analytically, …

Suppression Of Turbofan And Turbojet Engine Generated Noise, Harry David Master

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Every advance in the transformation of heat energy into mechanical energy has involved a noise problem, and in general it increases with the power production. The jet airplane is a good example: the large-scale turbulence of the exhaust gases in the jet forms an unusually intense source of sound the control of which is quite difficult. The additionally generated fan noises add characteristic fan tones which are particularly noticeable on landing approaches. the human ear is the vulnerable receiver of these noises, and the problem becomes one of deciding how much jet engine noise reduction is required for the comfort …

Soil And Plant Analysis For Mineral Deficiencies, M D. Carroll

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Soil and plant analysis (testing) has its supporters and its critics. Some of the differences are resolved if the distinction is made between the concept and the practice. Most people would agree with the concept of soil and plant analysis but the practice, or service offered, in any agricultural situation can be subject to valid criticism.

This article defines some of the principles involved and illustrates some of the problems, to provide a better understanding of the usefulness and the limitations of soil and plant analysis as a diagnostic aid in plant and animal nutrition.

Use Of Waterfowl Production Areas By Ducks And Coots In Eastern South Dakota, Spencer Vaa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The use of Waterfowl Production Areas (WPA) by American coots (Fulica americana) and ducks was studied during 1970 and 1971 in east-central South Dakota The Eriksrud WPA, a type IV wetland with 55 acres of water area and 35 acres of upland, contained 188 coot nests during the 2-year study. Of the 188 coot nests, 178 hatched for a success rate of 95 percent. Average clutch size of 130 completed clutches was 8.4. Average size of 21 coot broods from 4 to 6 weeks of age was 6.1. Coot production on the Eriksrud area was estimated at 543 young per …

Development Of Techniques For Distribution Of Baits To Raccoon For Chemosterilant Studies, Richard L. Nelson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sudan Red IV, Sudan Black B, and demethylchlortetracycline (DMCT) were tested as physiological markers in baits for raccoon (Procyon lotor). DMCT was readily detected in the jawbone of raccoons given 50 mg when examined under an ultraviolet light at period of 7, 30, 75, and 450 days following treatment. Seven days after administering 75 mg of Sudan Red IV, it could not be detected in fat deposits. Sudan Black B, administered in similar dosage, could not be detected at 30 days. A total of 1826 chicken eggs containing 50 mg DMCT was distributed on a 25 square-mile study area between …

Food Selectivity Of The Black Bullhead (Ictalurus Melas, Rafinesque) In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Andrew J. Repsys

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The food habits of young-of-the-year, subadult and adult black bullheads were studied in Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, from March, 1970, to April, 1971. Two hundred twenty young-of-the-year (37-87 mm total length) fed primarily on limnetic cladocerans and copepods. Leptodora and Diaphanosoma comprised 86.5% of the total food volume. Chironomid larvae and pupae made up 5.6% of the total. Other benthic organisms and littoral cladocerans together contributed less than 1%. Stomach contents of 608 subadult and adult black bullhead (143-304 mm total length) indicated significant seasonal vairaiton in diet. Daphnia pulex and chronomid larvae were important food items in winter. Bullheads …

Influence Of Weather On Movement And Habitat Use Of Hen Pheasants During Brood Rearing, James M. Ruth

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pheasants survive in a wide range of yearly weather extremes but can be limited by certain short-term weather factors (Graham and Hosterburg 1948). Study of short-term weather conditions can therefore be important in understanding pheasant survival. Many studies have been done on yearly and seasonal effects of weather on pheasant production and survival. Bemitt and Terril (1940) reported on possible temperature factors in pheasant management in the north central area of the United States. Effects of weather on pheasant reproduction were studied by Buss and Swanson (1950) and Kozieky et al. (1955). MacKullan and Eherhardt (1953) studied the tolerance of …

Food Habits Of Fish In A Multispecies Farm Pond, Thomas W. Gengerke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Food habits of yellow perch, bluegill, and black crappie were studied during 1970 and 1971 in Abbey Pond, South Dakota. Aquatic insects, zooplankton, mollusks, and fish were the most frequently consumed food items by the three species. Yellow perch led primarily on aquatic insects, zooplankton, and mollusks. Aquatic insects were dominant (by volume) in 40.0 and 61.5 percent of the samples respectively for the two years. Zooplankton, mollusks, aquatic insects, and bryozoans were the dominant food items by volume of adult bluegills. On an annual basis aquatic insects were the most important food item in the diet. Adult black crappies …

Waterfowl Production In The James River Valley Of South Dakota, William E. Wheeler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A study of waterfowl production was conducted on two study areas in the James River Valley of South Dakota in 1971 and 1972. Its objectives were to measure rates of reproductive success and to determine the effect of land use and other influences on duck production. The five most abundant species of nesting ducks were blue-winged teal (Anas discors), mallard (platyrhvnchos), gadwall (A. strepera), shoveler (clypeata), and pintail (acuta). Seventy-two percent of the wetland habitat on the study areas consisted of temporary (Type l and Type 3) water areas. Only 3.9 percent of the wetlands represented semi-permanent (Type 4) and …

Determination Of Trace Elements In Water Utilizaing Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Measurement, Gary D. Christian, J. Preston Miles Iii, Ronald Sensmeier, Melvin Sensmeier, Loraine Craig, Lynn Phibrick, Sudarshan Lal

KWRRI Research Reports

A variety of flameless atomic absorption methods have been investigated for the possible determination of trace elements in water. The general applicability of each technique was determined and where applicable, procedures have been developed for the determination of trace elements in natural waters.

Metals were preconcentrated by electrodeposition on a wire. The metals were then atomized for atomic absorption measurement by resistive heating of the wire. As little as 0.01 part per million (ppm) of mercury could be determined in this way.

A mercury cold vapor cell was constructed in which the sample is treated with a reducing agent to …

Degradation Of Riparian Leaves And The Recycling Of Nutrients In A Stream Ecosystem, Louis A. Krumholz, Roger G. Lambert, Charles R. Liston, Harry H. Woodward

KWRRI Research Reports

Leaves collected at 4 stations in the upper 5 km of Doe Run, Meade County, Kentucky, indicated an annual accumulation within the stream of 354 g/m²/year (17,700 kg). Leaves of sycamore (23.6%), red oak (21.7%), sugar maple (9.7%), beech (9.6%), white oak (7.1%), and hickory (6.0%) trees were most abundant, and leaves from 14 other kinds made up the remaining 22.3%. About a third of the annual leaf fall occurred during the last half of October and about two-thirds in the last 3 months of the year.

Calorific equivalents for different kinds of leaves ranged from 3,789 cal/g …

Factors Regulating The Growth Of Algae In Continuous Culture In Diluted Secondary Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent And Subsequent Biodegradability, Edward G. Foree, Caroline P. Wade

KWRRI Research Reports

Heterogeneous algal cultures were grown in laboratory continuous culture in continuous flow, completely mixed chemostats in secondary sewage treatment plant effluent diluted to give an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 10 mg/1. Variables were lighting, pH, carbon dioxide availability, and hydraulic residence time.

Optimum growth occurred under pH 7.0, excess CO₂, and continuous lighting conditions. The availability of artificially supplied excess CO₂ greatly increased the mass (standing crop) at steady-state over that produced under otherwise identical conditions for all residence times studied. For the case of excess CO₂ availability, the nitrogen concentration in the algal cells regulated …

Effects Of Polychlorinated Biphhenyls In The Ring-Necked Pheasant, Robert Bernard Dahlgren

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 1970 and 1971, cock pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were given single capsules weekly containing 0 and 25 mg polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), Aroclor 1254, and hens were given O, 12.5, and 50 mg. Egg production was reduced (P<0.01) in the hens given 50 mg PCB both years. Fertility, determined by visual inspection of incubated eggs, was unaffected by PCB. Hatchability was lowest in the group of hens given 50 mg in both years but significantly lower (P<0.01) only in 1971. PCB adversely affected the viability of the embryo both years, as the number of eggs pipped but not hatched in PCB groups was higher (P<0.05). PCB did not affect eggshell thickness. Behavior on the visual cliff shortly after hatching was affected among offspring of hens given 50 mg PCB in 1970 (P,0.01). Offspring of hens given 50 mg chose the visually-deep side of the cliff. No differences in behavior on the visual cliff were evident in 1971. Response to hand catching of offspring was affected in 1970 (P <0.01). The ability of penned pheasants to avoid hand capture was least where both parents received PCB, followed by those where hens only, cocks only and neither parent received PCB. No differences in response to hand capture among groups were found in 1971. Weights of chicks from hens on 50 mg were lower (P<0.01) at 6 weeks of age in 1970. This effect was not seen in 1971. Survival of chicks in brooders to 6 weeks of age was lower (P<0.01) in offspring of hens given 50 mg PCB weekly in 1970. No differences were found among offspring of treatment groups in 1971. Survival from 6 weeks of age to fall was similar in all groups. Overall survival from hatching to fall was less (P<.0.05) in offspring of hens given 50 mg weekly in both years combined. No differential effect was found between sexes for survival. PCB in doses varying front 10 mg to 210 mg daily caused hyper-excitability, weakness, tremoring, lack of appetite, lack of feathers, and a comatose death. Birds 11-weeks old given 10 or 20 mg PCB daily, birds 6 to 9 months old given 50 or 100 mg each 3.5 days, and adult hens given up to 50 mg once a week continued to eat. Eleven-week old birds given 210 mg daily stopped eating or those given 210 mg daily, the heaviest birds lost the greatest percentage of their weight (15 to 31 percent) before death occurred (1.3 to 4.3 days). Birds intentionally starved at the same time lost a greater percentage of weight (27 to 51 percent) before death (2.3 to 8.6 days). Some adult hens were given a single 50-mg capsule and samples of whole body, brain, liver, muscle, eggs, and feces were analyzed to determine patterns of storage and excretion. Levels of PCB were highest at 12 hours after capsule administration. Residues were highest in liver, followed by brain and muscle over 28 days following the single 50-mg capsule. From 94 to 98 percent of the administered dose was absorbed and 40.5 mg of the 50mg were in the body after 28 days. Hens were in a state of low egg production and excreted 4.2 mg in the eggs and 4.0 mg in the feces over 28 days. Excretion in the egg could be an important means of ridding the body of PCB. Four hens from the 1970 breeding experiment, given 17 capsules weekly containing 12.5 mg PCB and killed 1 week following the last capsule, had from 37 to 56 percent of the administered dose in their bodies. Four hens on the 50-mg level in 1970 had from 60 to 82 percent of the dose given. Five hens given 12.5 mg weekly for 16 weeks in 1971 had an average of 23.8 ppm PCB in their bodies 1 week after the last capsule, three hens had an average of 13.6 ppm after 3months on a clean diet, and three others had an average of 20.9 ppm after 6 months. Excretion was variable and slow. An analysis of brain, liver, and muscle tissues from dead and surviving birds fed PCB at various levels showed that brain residue levels from 300 to 400 ppm wet weight were indicative of death from FCB toxicosis. Liver and muscle levels were too variable to be useful in assessing cause of death. Administration of PCB decreased weights of heart and spleen (P <0. 01) at all levels given and increased weights of kidneys and livers in birds given 10- and 20-rng doses daily (P <0. 01) but not in birds given 210 mg daily. Splenic atrophy, where spleens were small, pale-tan color, and had wrinkled capsules resulting from depletion of lymphatic nodules, was characteristic of birds given PCB. PCB and dieldrin were given singly and jointly, and only additive, not synergistic, effects were noted. Livers of wild pheasants from Pennsylvania, Indiana, and South Dakota had no more than 2 ppm PCB. This indicates low-level contamination.

Pheasant Production Using Wild Cocks And Penned Game-Farm Hens, Michael R. Grode

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pheasant production using free-flying wild cooks and penned game-farm hens was evaluated during 1971. Hens were placed in 0.5-acre pens to compare production at density levels of 10, 20, and 40 hens per acre. Wild cooks entered the 0.5-acre pens the day following introduction of the game-farm hens. The greatest numbers of cooks were observed in the pens with the highest density of hens. Censusing in mid-March indicated a population of 12 to 15 wild cooks in the vicinity of the study pens. A known mortality of 31 hens occurred and percentage mortality was similar at each density level. Pulling …

Use Of Eelctrophoresis To Determine Populations Of Pheasants In South Dakota, David George Montag

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) is an important game bird, and various management techniques have been implemented in its behalf. One of the most common practices has been transplanting or stocking wherein pheasants are introduced into an area with a depleted population in hopes of increasing pheasant production. The effects of such programs are difficult to evaluate since there is no way of knowing if the introduced birds are in any way responsible for production changes which subsequently occur. If the taxonomic characteristics of the native and the introduced populations could be determined, the effect that introduced birds have on …

Effects Of Diethylstilbestrol On Reproduction In The Black-Tailed Prairie Dog, Donald G. Pfeiffer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Research was conducted in southwestern South Dakota in 1970 and 1971 to obtain information on the reproductive cycle of the black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) and to test effectiveness of diethylstilbestrol as a reproductive inhibitor. Embryo body lengths from 10 pregnant females were compared to body lengths of 14 known day-old young to learn the peak breeding period when an estrogenic chemosterilant would be most effective. Conception dates were obtained for three females by backdating the gestation period. The breeding peak was found to occur in late February and early March in South Dakota. Nine of 11 Prairie dogs were …

Experimental Study Of Water Hammer In Buried Pvc And Permastran Pipes, Roland W. Jeppson, Gordon H. Flammer, Gary Z. Watters

Reports

No abstract provided.

Studies To Develop And Investigate An Inverse Formulation For Numerically Solving Three-Dimensional Free Surface Potential Fluid Flows, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

An inverse formulation is developed for solving three-dimensional potential fluid flows which considers the magnitudes of the cartesian coordinates x, y, and z as the dependent variables in the space defined by the potential function and two mutually orthogonal stream surface functions whose intersection defines the physical space streamlines. This formulation reverses the usual role of the variables. In this inverse space irregular boundaries, with unknown position in the physical space, such as free surfaces become plane boundaries, and the space of most potential flow problems is a parallelepiped. The basin partial differential equations resulting from this formulation are nonlinear …

Ecological Significance Of Vegetation To Northern Pike, Esox Lucius, Spawning, D. B. Mccarraher, Robert E. Thomas

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

Since 1955, information has been collected from six Nebraska sandhill lakes to evaluate northern pike spawning success based on type of aquatic vegetation preferred by pike for spawning. The lakes, all located in Cherry County, were Big Alkali, Watts, Hackberry, Cottonwood, Shell, and Pelican. Several investigators have commented that pike year class strength is closely related to type and abundance of aquatic vegetation present in a lake (Clark and Steinbach, 1959; Forney, 1967). Documented information on spawning habitats is scant other than vague references to pike spawning over submerged vegetation or inundated meadows.

The Interspersion Index As A Technique For Evaluation Of Bobwhite Quail Habitat, William L. Baxter, Carl W. Wolfe

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

Some forty years ago, the concept of habitat interspersion was advanced by Aldo Leopold (1931). Indicating then that "we are only on the threshold of an understanding of the ecology of game species," Leopold went on to postulate his law of interspersion which recognized that “game is a phenomenon of edges.” Although the validity of Leopold's premises has been documented both directly and indirectly many times in the past four decades, the complexity and frustration in describing ecological diversity of game range has continued to pose a problem for wildlife managers since 1931.

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 1, January 1972

Water Current Newsletter

House Hearings on Water Pollution Control
New Publications Available from the NWRRI
Coastal Zone Management
Ground Water Pollution
Economic Disclocation from Pollution Control
EPA Regulations
Waste Treatment Plant Guidelines
WRC Policy on Revision of Regional and River Basin Plans
Water Resources Council Outlines New Principles and Standards
Experts Advise on EPA on Sewage Plant Construction
Pollution Prevention Guide for Cottage Owners
Desalting Plant for Orange County, California
US Is Accelerating Desalting Programs
Farm Cleanup is Hindered by EPA Bias for Sewage
Sources Sought

Toward An Energy Policy, Dean E. Abrahamson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The lack of a national policy on fuels and energy at a time of concern about the future supply and demand for energy and the environmental effects of creating energy is examined. Alternatives to present practices in generating and utilizing power are considered along with suggestions for measuring the "energy cost" of technological progress.

A Water Quality Survey, Dale E. Mcmichael

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Representative factors influencing water quality in the Albert Lea, Minnesota area were chosen as to assess water quality and changes in the watershed which has been described as an earlier valley of the Shell Rock River.

Parameters representative of chemical, bacterial, and thermal pollution were, respectively, total phosphorous, total and fecal coliform counts, and temperature. Statistical analysis has revealed that significant differences in some parameters measured do exist when various sampling stations of a given sampling date are compared. Statistical analysis also has indicated that correlations do exist between fluctuation patterns when all sampling stations of a given sampling date …