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Effect Of Temperature On Algal Removal By Alum Coagulation, Muhammad Anis H. Al-Layla, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

Questions about the effect of temperature on algal cell coagulation and the relationships between algae removal and temperature, alum dosage, paddle speed, flocculation time, and settling time are answered. The investigations consisted of two series of tests: Studies on algae cultured under laboratory control, and algae in wastewater stabilization ponds. The jar-test technique was used for the coagulation of algal suspensions by alum. Coagulation of algae is caused mainly by the insoluble flocs of aluminum hydroxide. Other aluminum species also have coagulative properties but are far less effective. The destabilization of algal colloids results from enmeshment within the hydroxide precipitates, …

Upgrading Wastewater Stabilization Ponds To Meet New Discharge Standards, Donna H. Falkdenborg, Ronald F. Lewis, Donald J. Ehreth

Reports

No abstract provided.

Geophysical Institute Annual Report 1973-74, Geophysical Institute

GI Reports

The 1973-74 Geophysical Institute Annual Report presents an overview of the year’s scientific research achievements across the Institute’s disciplines, alongside operational summaries covering finances, administrative changes, and other key activities.

The Mediterranean Coast Of Israel: A Planner's Approach, Sophia Professorsky

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The coastal zone of Israel is facing an ever-growing pressure of varied and conflicting land uses. Spreading urbanization, from Nahariya in the north to Ashkelon in the south, gnaws agricultural areas; the needs for commercial ports and industrial plants stand in conflict with recreational uses of the seashore and, as described before, the natural conditions of land shelf structure, topography and climate, are favourable for both industry and residence so that the narrow stretch of the coastal zone attracts more and more of them.

Improving Instruction In Environmental Studies Through Development Of College Lake As An Instructional Laboratory, Lynchburg College

Department of Environmental Science, Studies, and Sustainability

No abstract provided.

Capitol Reef Wilderness Study, United States Deparment Of The Interior, National Park Service

Elusive Documents

Capitol Reef National Park is located in south-central Utah within

portions of Wayne, Garfield, Sevier, and Emery Counties. Situated on

the western edge of the Colorado Plateau, this scenic land is adjacent to

Dixie and Fishlake National Forests and Goblin Valley State Park.

Other Park Service areas nearby include Zion and Bryce Canyon

National Parks, and Cedar Breaks National Monument to the west;

Canyonlands National Park and Arches National Park to the east; and

Glen Canyon National Recreation Area to the south and east.

Measuring The Intangible Values Of Natural Streams, Part Ii, John A. Dearinger, George M. Woolwine, Charles R. Scroggin, Daniel R. Dolan, James S. Calvin

KWRRI Research Reports

This report describes the work done during Part II of a project which had as its aim the development of a way to quantify those intangible values peculiar to a small stream and its watershed. Part I was concerned with an application of the "uniqueness concept" in the evaluation of fifty-eight Kentucky streams. The results of this effort are in Report #40, U. K. Water Resources Institute (1971).

During the second part of the project:

1. A method was developed whereby peoples' preferences for natural landscapes could be measured. The method utilized projected color slides and a rating system based on …

Water Resources News, Volume 5, No. 12, December 1973

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Flood Insurance Increased
EPA Not Revealing Economic Impact to Public
Future Assessment of Nation's Resources
NSF Seeks Proposals
Train Speaks on Environment vs Energy Crisis
Economy vs Environment
Water Resources Cost-Sharing Proposals Pending
WRC Water Policy Views
Senator Church Against "District Beneficiaries"
Higher Interest Rates Blasted Again
Atkins Relates Energy to Water
Research on Wastewater Application and Nitrogen Use
New Rules for Weather Modification Programs

Campground Usage And User Attitudes In The Allegan State Game Area, Allegan County, Michigan, Gregg R. Squire

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 5, No.4. December 1973

The Prairie Naturalist

REESTABLISHMENT OF PRAIRIE IN EASTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ O. A. Stevens

THE AGE DISTRIBUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PERIODICALS ▪ D. H. Johnson

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE ECOLOGY OF PLUMATELLA REPENS (L.) (BRYOZOA: PLUMATELLIDAE) IN NORTHEASTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R. D. Stoaks

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1973 ▪ R. N. Randall 61

NOTE: Red-bellied Woodpecker in Rolette, County, North Dakota ▪ D. T. Disrud 52

Index to Volume 5

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 53, No. 25, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. Articles in this issue:

• Clayworth, Carl. Dero Downing Outlines University’s Energy Conservation Strategy
• Western Selects 36 Who’s Whos
• Elam, Jerry. Doobies to Appear Tuesday Night in Rescheduled Show
• James Midkiff, Miss Ronnah Childress Out-talk Foes – Oratorical Contests
• Interhall Council Plans Party
• Interfraternity Council Las Vegas Night Tonight
• How Long Will WKU Continue to Fall Back and Take It
• Powell, Larry. Raps Tax Editorial
• Baughman, Henry. Smoke Gets in His Eyes
• Western Hosts Ohio Valley Conference Debate Meet
• Merrill, Bonnie. ‘Hat Trick’: Fast Relief by America
• Johnston, Scott. Senior …

Mathematical Simulation Of Temperatures In Deep Impoundments: Verification Tests Of The Water Resources Engineers, Inc. Model - Horsetooth And Flaming Gorge Reservoirs, Engineering And Research Center, Bureau Of Reclamation

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Successful use of predictive mathematical models requires verification of the accuracy of the models by applying them to existing situations where the prediction can be compared with reality. A Corps of Engineers' modification of a deep reservoir thermal stratification model developed by Water Resources Engineers, Inc., was applied to two existing Bureau of Reclamation reservoirs for verification. Diffusion coefficients used for the Corps' Detroit Reservoir were found to apply to Horsetooth Reservoir in Colorado, for which very good computer input data were available. The Detroit diffusion coefficients gave a reasonable simulation of Flaming Gorge Reservoir in Wyoming and Utah, which …

Social Costs And Benefits Of Water Resources Construction, Rabel J. Burdge, K. Sue Johnson

KWRRI Research Reports

This report analyzes and describes the process of relocating individuals and families who must move due to reservoir construction in Kentucky utilizing data collected in previous research. These data come from four separate studies: a study of community attitudes toward reservoir construction (Johnson county where the Paintsville reservoir is to be constructed), interviews with people who are slated for relocation when the Taylorsville reservoir is constructed, and two sets of interviews with people who have already been relocated due to reservoir construction (Cave Run and Carr Fork).

Psychological, social, economic and material costs and benefits associated with forced relocation are …

A Detailed Investigation Of The Sociological, Economic, And Ecological Aspects Of Proposed Reservoir Sites In The Salt River Basin Of Kentucky, Stuart E. Neff, Louis A. Krumholz, John R. Baker, Daryl E. Jennings, Andrew C. Miller, Jerry S. Parsons, Vincent H. Resh, David S. White

KWRRI Research Reports

Samples of water, bottom fauna, and fishes were collected from 66 stations in the Salt River and one of its principal tributaries, the Beech Fork and its tributary, the Chaplin River, Kentucky. Precipitation ranged from 38.86 inches (1969) to 58.04 inches (1970), an increase of nearly 50 percent with marked fluctuations in discharge. Intensive comparisons of phosphates, sulfates, specific conductance, total alkalinity, total hardness, and turbidity showed the streams to be relatively clean and healthy. Nearly 300 different kinds of benthic organisms and other macroinvertebrates have been collected and identified from the basin. Detailed studies of caddisflies and stream drift …

Water Resources News, Volume 5, No. 11, November 1973

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Energy Crisis May Cause Mineral Shortages
Chlorine Shortage Near
Water Bill On Its Way
Environmental Education Act Extended
Underground Water Supply in Danger
Water Projects Endangered by Mining
Guidelines Suit Filed
Muske Speaks Out on Waste Planning
Ex-Governor Peterson Replaces Train
What Happened on the Big Blue?
Information Dissemination Program Instituted
Higgins Appointed Water Board Liaison Officer
MRBC Announces Newsletter

Aerially Applied Methiocarb Spray For Protecting Wild Lowbush Blueberries From Birds, Rene M. Bollengier, Joseph L. Guarino, Charles P. Stone

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Ripening blueberries are subject to serious damage by a variety of bird species. Through a questionnaire survey, Pearson (1958) calculated that losses of highbush blueberries to birds in Massachusetts averaged about $38,000 a year in 1955-57. From a 1972 questionnaire on bird damage to highbush blueberries directed to individuals in 14 states, Mott and Stone (1973) estimated that birds damaged at least 5% of the crop, representing a minimum nationwide loss of about $1.6 million. Most species of birds that feed on blueberries are not only desirable but also protected under the Migratory Bird Treaties Act. Any means of reducing …

Fao Quelea Research In Africa, Jeffrey J. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Large scale grain growing schemes are developing rapidly in Africa and the importance of birds as pests becomes more evident each year. Although the potential production of cereals is quite high in some parts of Africa, effective methods for protecting the new schemes from bird damage will have to be developed if their food raising potential is to be realized. The best known of the avian pests of cereals in Africa is Quelea quelea. In addition to their importance as pests their notoriety is due to their intensely gregarious nature. The cloudlike feeding swarms and dense nesting colonies with millions …

Crop Depredations By Waterfowl In Wisconsin, Richard A. Hunt, James G. Bell

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

On December 5, 1965 the Governor of Wisconsin signed into law a statute permitting claims against the State for damages to crops by wild geese and ducks. This law had been rushed through the legislature in the wake of a rash of crop depredation complaints caused by Canada Geese in their off-refuge feeding flights from the Horicon National Wildlife Refuge. This paper reviews our experiences with waterfowl depredations in the development of a cooperative program by State and Federal wildlife agencies that has held a potentially serious wildlife problem to a minimum of financial losses and public relations concern.

Use Of Perches At Refinery Sites, J. J. Dill

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I was listed to speak about bird control on industrial sites, so I have selected three or four of the more interesting jobs that we have worked on over the past ten years. Naturally the ones that the pest control firms call us about are those that they have tackled from several different angles and been unable to solve. As a result of this, we have had several really interesting bird control jobs in conjunction with pest control firms. I think each one of them will point out different problems and ways to solve them. The first of the jobs …

Application Of An Avian Bioenergetics Simulation Model To Red-Winged Blackbird - Crop Relations, John A. Wiens, Melvin I. Dyer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The impact of bird populations upon the properties or processes of ecosystems is mediated through patterns and magnitudes of energy flow. This impact may be either direct, by processing of large quantities of energy or nutrients, or indirect, through feedback control of other ecosystem rate processes or components. In either case, however, the impact is a result of the population dynamics and the pattern and magnitude of food consumption of the birds. Recent research by several groups points to a relatively small direct impact on birds on most natural ecosystems (Wiens 1973). Impact through feedback control, a more difficult relationship …

Tests Of A Potential Method For Decoying Starlings To Bait Stations, Robert E. Williams, Robert G. Schwab

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The costs of existing Starling control programs prompted the design and test of an alternative method for removing significant numbers of Starlings from heavily damaged areas. The procedure involved the placement of taxidermically prepared adult Starling skins on and near bait stations, accompanied in some cases by broadcasts of recorded Starling vocalizations. Previous studies had indicated that bait stations unaccompanied by live Starling decoys were not acceptable to the birds. Although non-toxic baits were used during these tests to determine the attractability of the stations, ultimate substitution of chemically treated toxic baits was envisioned.

Investigation Of Bird Migration And Mortality At The Omega Navigation Station, Lamoure, North Dakota: Fall 1972 And Spring 1973, Michael L. Avery, Paul F. Springer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

An investigation of bird migration and mortality at the U.S. Coast Gaurd’s Omega Navigation Station, located in the flood plain of the James River near LaMoure, North Dakota, began in September 1971 following the completion there of the 1,200-foot transmitting tower. The objectives of the study are: 1. To determine the nature of bird migration through the tower area and adjacent regions. 2. To determine the magnitude of bird losses caused by the tower. 3. To determine the influence of weather patterns on bird migration and losses. 4. To develop and evaluate methods for reducing bird losses at towers. This …

Impact Of Cooling Towers On Bird Migration, Edward J. Rybak, William B. Jackson, Stephen H. Vessey

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Construction of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station on the SE shore of Lake Erie near Port Clinton, Ohio brings a massive, natural draft cooling tower (495 ft. high and 410 ft. wide at base) into migration pathways. Preoperational observations were undertaken to determine whether conditions existed under which the station structures intercepted migrating birds. Preliminary observations were made at the site (Fig. 1) in the fall of 1972 and intensified during the spring and fall migrations of 1973. Construction on the shell of the cooling tower was not completed until late in 1972; thus the full height had not been …

A Program For Developing Male Chemosterilants For Red-Winged Blackbirds, Joseph L. Guarino, Edward W. Schafer Jr.

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) are one of the primary species of birds contributing to agricultural damage throughout the United States. Methods have been developed for reducing the damage they cause to ripening corn (De Grazio et al. 1971; 1972), sprouting corn (Stickley and Guarino, 1972), ripening rice (DeHaven et al. 1971), and windrowed peanuts (Mott et al. 1972). These methods frighten or repel Redwings from crops; however, in some situations, techniques are also needed to manage specific problem-bird populations by reducing their numbers. At present, the primary methods for reducing large numbers of problem birds involve the use of chemical …

Night Flight Across A Blue Sky: Prognostics, Robert H. Giles Jr.

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The purpose of this presentation is to gain new perspectives on pest control and related phenomena. Some will call it “blue sky.” I would claim it informal futuristics. Systems men call such efforts feedforward; others grandify it with “prognostics.” Some say prognostics is one of the leading challenges of the day. We must anticipate future developments and imagine or invent new alternatives as a background for rational choice. The activity can influence today’s decisions, modify our concepts of risks and probable payoffs, and can help those of us who ask: “What am I really doing; what should I be doing?”

Plant-Animal Interactions: The Effects Of Redwinged Blackbirds On Corn Growth, Melvin I. Dyer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) in agricultural crops likely create the worst possible images in the minds of various segments of our society today. To some there is only repulsion, which results in desire for total annihilation of Red-wings (by many agriculturists); while to others there is only attraction, which results in desire to leave the situation absolutely alone (by conservancy minded purists). The great middle ground includes those who vascillate back and forth, between these extremes, those who are not cognizant of the problems, and those that do not care. This picture apparently is a common problem for our wildlife …

Bird Damage To Agricultural Crops In The United States -- A Current Summary, Charles P. Stone

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Determination of the importance and distribution of bird damage to agricultural crops in the United States has been emphasized by the Section of Birds at the Denver Wildlife Research Center in recent years. Our studies can be placed in two general categories: (1) For some crops we have conducted statistically designed quantitative field surveys to determine bird damage and have extrapolated from test plot data, and (2) for other crops we have directed questionnaires to persons knowledgeable about bird damage. Questionnaire surveys are obviously subjective and are biased to an unknown degree, but for some crops there is no reasonable …

Population Estimates, Thomas Stockdale

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In dealing with population estimates, we need to determine first the reason for estimating the population. If we are dealing with a local situation, are we concerned with a local estimate? If we are dealing with a regional problem, are we concerned with a regional estimate? The blackbird problem is chiefly a regional problem, but we need to look at broader horizons than just local or regional situations. Are we dealing with a national problem? Is this problem a year-round one or is it a seasonal problem? We may want to know just purely the number of birds we are …

Auditory Repellents, Thomas Stockdale

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

We have come through quite an evolution in auditory devices, and they still have an extremely valuable role to play. They are obviously not the total answer to the problem; but they are an answer.

Avitrol 1973, Richard O. Winters

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The Federal Registration for Avitrol to be used in standing field corn restricts use to application under supervision of Governmental agencies trained in bird control. The majority of current Avitrol labels state, "For use by or under supervision of government agencies or pest control operators. Not for sale to the public." This slight difference has already caused much discussion and the matter isn't resolved yet. There are different interpretations of this statement. Also for crops the material is only registered for field corn. There is a need for the material to be registered for sweet corn and sunflowers, although I …