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Academic Aspects Of Bird Control (2nd Bird Control Seminar 1964), William B. Jackson , Mel Dyer, Walter Howard Sep 1964

Academic Aspects Of Bird Control (2nd Bird Control Seminar 1964), William B. Jackson , Mel Dyer, Walter Howard

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Papers include:

Dr. William B. Jackson, Bowling Green State University - Undergraduate Preparation

Dr. Mel Dyer, Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Canada - Approaches to Research

Dr. Walter Howard, University of California, Davis - Some General Remarks Regarding Bird Control

Presentation of Specific Problems

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Public Health Aspects Of Bird Control, William B. Jackson, Ralph Masterson, Paul Schnurrenberger, D. O. Jones, Roderic Jones, John Morley, George Mowrey Sep 1964

Public Health Aspects Of Bird Control, William B. Jackson, Ralph Masterson, Paul Schnurrenberger, D. O. Jones, Roderic Jones, John Morley, George Mowrey

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The first session; papers include:
Animal Diseases in General
Public Health Aspects of Bird Control or Zoonoses
Public Relations
Sanitation

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Legal Aspects Of Bird Control, Ray Davis, Jack Russell, John Ludeman, Nathaniel Geary, Ed Bosak Sep 1964

Legal Aspects Of Bird Control, Ray Davis, Jack Russell, John Ludeman, Nathaniel Geary, Ed Bosak

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Second session; papers include:
Legal Aspects
Enforcement
Humane Laws and Poison Laws
Registration of Materials
Use Restrictions
Wildlife Regulations

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Commercial Operations Session (2nd Bird Control Seminar), Lee Truman, Phil Spear, Jim Steckel, Harlan Shuyler Sep 1964

Commercial Operations Session (2nd Bird Control Seminar), Lee Truman, Phil Spear, Jim Steckel, Harlan Shuyler

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Third session; papers include:
New Problems
New Materials
Preparation of Materials and New Techniques
Community Control Programs

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Proceedings: Second Bird Control Seminar (1964) -- Contents And Schedule Sep 1964

Proceedings: Second Bird Control Seminar (1964) -- Contents And Schedule

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY, BOWLING GREEN, OHIO 1964

In cooperation with:
U. S. Fish a Wildlife Service, Ohio Pest Control Association, Toledo Department of Health, Economic Biology Curriculum, Bowling Green State University
Note to the reader:
These proceedings were taken "verbatium" on stenotype machine by the Hammock, Pace, and LaMotte Company of Columbus, Ohio. Several of the speakers did not use prepared texts, and one session made extensive use of slides. Therefore, many parts of the proceedings make somewhat unusual or seemingly disjointed reading. This is caused by the fact that we are unable to incorporate inflec¬tions of voice, mood, …

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Bait Mixing Equipment Used In Vertebrate Pest Control, Percy F. Wright Mar 1964

Bait Mixing Equipment Used In Vertebrate Pest Control, Percy F. Wright

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

I would like to discuss with you the reason why agricultural commissioners are in the poison bait business. The following are excerpts from the Agricultural Code of the State of California. Section 100 describes a pest as follows: "Pest means any of the following that is, or is liable to be dangerous or detrimental to the agricultural industry of this State" and for the purpose of this talk only part two of this section is cited which states, "any form of animal life." This is the part which covers vertebrate pests. Section 102 states, "Each commissioner is an enforcing officer …

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Forest Animal Damage Control, Nelson B. Kverno Mar 1964

Forest Animal Damage Control, Nelson B. Kverno

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

As a nation we have gained world recognition for our ability to utilize our resources. In forestry our greatest accomplishments have been in the mechanization of harvest methods and in improvements in forest products. The renewal of this resource has been our greatest neglect. Though the end of the 19th Century marked the beginning of the conservation movement, it was not until a half century later that the force of economics through the demands of a growing population made forest re-establishment more than just a desire. Conservation in itself is a Utopian concept which requires other motivating forces to make …

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Rabbit Control, Warren V. Johnson Mar 1964

Rabbit Control, Warren V. Johnson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Common California rabbits comprise two major genera. One, the genus Sylvilagus, or true rabbit, is represented by the cottontail and brush rabbits. The second of the two major genera is the genus Lepus, or hares. These are erroneously called the jack rabbits and snow shoe rabbits. The common jack rabbit, Lepus californicus, is the most familiar one throughout California and portions of some of the other western states. Because of their size and abundance, they are by far the most destructive - so emphasis will be placed on this species throughout the balance of this report. The diet of the …

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Animal Control In New Zealand, Walter E. Howard Mar 1964

Animal Control In New Zealand, Walter E. Howard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

New Zealand has a multiplicity of challenging animal-control problems, and all of them concern animals which man has intentionally introduced either for sport, food or fur. Since the beginning of European settlement in the 19th Century, approximately 53 species of mammals and 125 species of birds have been deliberately or accidentally introduced into New Zealand, and 34 birds and 31 mammals have become established (Wodzicki, 1950). The principal reasons the exotic big game animals (Riney, 1955), fur bearers and feral domestic livestock have been so destructive to certain habitats in New Zealand are because 1) some of the soils are …

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Closing Remarks: Second Vertebrate Pest Control Conference, Maynard W. Cummings Mar 1964

Closing Remarks: Second Vertebrate Pest Control Conference, Maynard W. Cummings

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The Second Vertebrate Pest Control Conference is concluded. We hope it has been, in some measure, educational and worthwhile to each one of you. Many of you who are here attended the first conference, which was held in Sacramento two years ago. The obvious spirit displayed at that meeting, a genuine intense interest in absorbing new knowledge presented by the speakers, the warmth of making and renewing acquaintances among fellow workers and the enjoyment of the truly rare opportunity to exchange information in this special field, vertebrate pest control, has, I feel, been reenacted here. For these reasons this second …

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The Evolution Of Plague Control In California, Keith F. Murray Mar 1964

The Evolution Of Plague Control In California, Keith F. Murray

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Bubonic plague no longer is regarded as the dreaded black death of the middle ages. The last great plague pandemic has come to an end. In California, human cases have averaged no more than one every two years for several decades. With modern antibiotics properly administered, recovery is assured. At the same time, there is no doubt that plague is firmly entrenched in the rodent fauna and we should not be lulled even by years of quiescence into assuming that massive epizootics will not break out in the future. There is the un-measurable risk of a quick pneumonic outbreak with …

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Highlights Of Bird Control Research In England, France, Holland, And Germany, John L. Seubert Mar 1964

Highlights Of Bird Control Research In England, France, Holland, And Germany, John L. Seubert

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The purpose of this paper is to present a brief review of the research being conducted in England, France, Germany, and The Netherlands on problems caused by nuisance and depredating birds. Much of the information presented has been obtained through correspondence with collaborators. In the fall of 1962, I discussed depredating bird and bird-airport problems with research workers in these countries, and also attended the meeting of the International Union of Applied Ornithology held in Frankfurt/Main. In November 1963, I attended an international symposium about the bird-airport problem, held in Nice, France. This paper will draw attention to the current …

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Antifertility Agents In Vertebrate Pest Control, Donald S. Balser Mar 1964

Antifertility Agents In Vertebrate Pest Control, Donald S. Balser

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

There is an increasing need for new means of population control from the simplest organisms up to the larger mammalian species (include man if you wish.) A number of interesting and promising leads, such as environmental manipulation, introduction of predators, diseases, parasites, etc., and particularly antifertility agents, have been proposed for some time, but research into the latter approach in mammal control is quite recent and limited. The use of toxic agents has long been the principal method of vertebrate population con¬trol, but the potential for the use of antiferti1ity agents to suppress reproduction may provide an important advancement. I …

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Starlings In California, Charles C. Siebe Mar 1964

Starlings In California, Charles C. Siebe

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

In 1959 Dr. Walter E. Howard, in an article printed in the Bulletin of the California Department of Agriculture, stated: "Even though the starling may be unwanted in California, it is now here and there is little chance of extirpating it". This statement is as true today as it was five years ago. At present we have in California a resident population that is increasing each year and will most probably continue to increase. Nesting starlings have been found from Imperial and San Diego Counties in the south to Modoc County in the north. To-date damage has been confined primarily …

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The Control Of Vertebrate Problem Animals In The Province Of The Cape Of Good Hope, Republic Of South Africa, Douglas Hey Mar 1964

The Control Of Vertebrate Problem Animals In The Province Of The Cape Of Good Hope, Republic Of South Africa, Douglas Hey

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The policy of the Cape Provincial Department of Nature Conservation is based on the concept of "wise management" of wildlife resources. Where crop damage is real, control measures are essential. These, however, must be adapted to the species concerned and applied only where the damage is taking place. Blanket measures which also kill many useful species must be avoided. For this reason, the control of problem animals should be vested in the agency concerned with wildlife conservation.

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Pest Control Methods And People, John E. Swift Mar 1964

Pest Control Methods And People, John E. Swift

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Frankly I am not sure what "Pest Control Methods and People" really means. When I asked what I should cover, I was told to give a general discussion on pesticides. I am not sure this is appropriate even though the laws and regulations that pertain to other pesticides apply equally to those materials used in vertebrate pest control; the conditions of use, the types of chemicals used, their effect upon various animal species, and the number of chemicals available are so different from the pesticides used in controlling invertebrate pests that generalizations may not cover the topic. There are, however, …

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Methods Of Controlling Blackbird Damage To Field Corn In South Dakota, John W. De Grazio Mar 1964

Methods Of Controlling Blackbird Damage To Field Corn In South Dakota, John W. De Grazio

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

One of the most widespread bird problems in the Western United States is damage to ripening cereal grain crops. Crops such as corn, rice, and sorghum, when grown close to favored roosting areas are often subject to serious damage from large flocks of feeding blackbirds. The redwinged blackbird is the most numerous species and causes most of the damage, but other blackbird species, including the yellow-headed blackbird, the common grackle, the brown-headed cowbird, and Brewer's blackbird, also contribute to damage problems. The Denver Wildlife Research Center is actively investigating methods to combat blackbird depredations to field corn in the vicinity …

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Bats: Their Public Health Importance And Control With Special Reference To Trinidad, Arthur M. Greenhall Mar 1964

Bats: Their Public Health Importance And Control With Special Reference To Trinidad, Arthur M. Greenhall

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

This brief review of the public health importance and control of bats is oriented to Trinidad, where, during the past ten years I investigated their zoomedical importance (1). Trinidad is noted for Pawan's classic epidemiological studies of bat rabies (2,3) as well as its bat control program with which I have been associated since its inception in 1934 (4). Further, Trinidad has bat problems, in addition to rabies, which occur in other countries of the world. Although various methods of bat control have been developed in Trinidad, the field is virtually unexplored. Increasingly, bat control is a matter of paramount …

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Sound In Vertebrate Pest Control, Hubert Frings Mar 1964

Sound In Vertebrate Pest Control, Hubert Frings

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The best known vertebrate pests, as the papers presented at this meeting show, are birds and mammals. Other vertebrates, however, may become pests also: sharks, lampreys, toads (they fall into swimming pools), geckos, tortoises and snakes, for example. Without considering them, however, the depredations by birds and mammals alone are so varied that no single method of pest control can ever be all-embracing. Certainly, no one would suggest that acoustical methods would be, but, with further study, acoustical pest control should be much more widely used. I hope to point out here the possibilities and a few realities in bio-acoustics …

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Hawaiian Sugar Cane Rat Control Methods And Problems, William R. Smythe Mar 1964

Hawaiian Sugar Cane Rat Control Methods And Problems, William R. Smythe

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The problem of rats in our Hawaiian sugar cane fields has been with us for a long time. Early records tell of heavy damage at various times on all the islands where sugar cane is grown. Many methods were tried to control these rats. Trapping was once used as a control measure, a bounty was used for a time, gangs of dogs were trained to catch the rats as the cane was harvested. Many kinds of baits and poisons were used. All of these methods were of some value as long as labor was cheap. Our present day problem started …

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Roof Rat Populations In Santa Clara County, California, Dean H. Ecke Mar 1964

Roof Rat Populations In Santa Clara County, California, Dean H. Ecke

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Northern Santa Clara County, California, was historically an agricultural community with orchard culture dominating the economy. Prunes, apricots, walnuts, and cherries were the principal crops. Orchards were disced clean during most of the summer growing season, and a cover crop of mustard or horse beans was grown beneath the trees in winter. About the only "natural" year around cover on the valley floor was the brush and grass which volunteered along the several creek banks. Under such conditions, roof rats (Rattus rattus) were not numerous. An occasional rat colony could be found in a fruit processing shed or …

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Occupational Hazards To Pest Control Operators With Special Reference To Pesticides, Irma West Mar 1964

Occupational Hazards To Pest Control Operators With Special Reference To Pesticides, Irma West

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

With the help of one of your expert operators I have selected eight pesticides which I understand are widely used in vertebrate pest control, and with one exception, pose substantial safety problems for operators. These pesticides are the anticoagulants, zinc phosphide, 1080, strychnine, thallium sulfate, anhydrous ammonia, carbon disulfide, and methyl bromide. Except for the anticoagulants, it would be hard to assemble a more lethal group of chemicals. I wonder if the talents of chemical research should not be brought into this picture more actively, so that less hazardous materials could be developed for vertebrate pest control. Perhaps the economic …

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Diseases Derived From Wildlife, Harald Norlin Johnson M.D. Mar 1964

Diseases Derived From Wildlife, Harald Norlin Johnson M.D.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The specific diseases of man known to be derived from wildlife in California are: rabies, Western encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, Colorado tick fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, relapsing fever, 0. fever, plague, tularemia, murine typhus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, psittacosis, leptospirosis, salmonellosis and toxoplasmosis. A variety of bacterial infections may be contracted from wild animals, notably those caused by Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis, Pasteurella multocida, Bacillus anthracis, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Clostridium tetani and Listerella monocyto-genes. Certain of the fungus diseases such as coccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis are derived from exposure to wildlife habitats. California virus has been isolated from arthropods and Rio Bravo virus from bats …

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Animal Population Ecology And Control Fundamentals, Kenneth E. F. Watt Mar 1964

Animal Population Ecology And Control Fundamentals, Kenneth E. F. Watt

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

Expensive, extensive and apparently lethal control measures have been applied against many species of pest vertebrates and invertebrates for decades. In spite of this, few pests have been annihilated, and in many cases the stated goals have become progressively more modest, so that now we speak of saving foliage or a crop, rather than extermination. It is of interest to examine the reasons why animals are so difficult to exterminate, because this matter, of course, has implications for the type of control policy we pursue in the future. Also, it has implications for the problem of evaluating comparatively various resource …

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The Role Of Pest Control Operators In Vertebrate Pest Control, Philip J. Spear Mar 1964

The Role Of Pest Control Operators In Vertebrate Pest Control, Philip J. Spear

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The National Pest Control Association, which I represent, accepts for membership those persons or firms which are actively engaged in the performance of structural pest control services for hire to the public at large and which are in sympathy with the purposes of the Association. The pest control operator in this context might be called a commercial pest control operator to distinguish him from those doing similar work but who are employed by governmental agencies or within large commercial organizations. Pest control is a growing industry with a gross annual income of 300-350 million dollars. It is estimated to contain …

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Opening Remarks, James W. Koehler Mar 1964

Opening Remarks, James W. Koehler

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The purpose of this Vertebrate Pest Control Conference are several. They are to: 1. Get acquainted with other persons in the field of vertebrate pest control ; 2. Learn the best and safest methods of vertebrate pest control; 3. Hear what is going on in the various fields of research; 4. Stimulate new research; 5. Improve communications between research workers and between research workers, pest control operators and industry developers of materials used in the field of vertebrate pest control; 6. Inform the public about the true role of vertebrate pest control and why it is sometimes necessary, and 7. …

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Starlings In The Pacific Northwest, H. Nelson Elliott Mar 1964

Starlings In The Pacific Northwest, H. Nelson Elliott

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

As is the case in many sections of the country today, starlings are causing increasing concern in the Pacific Northwest. When these birds were first recognized in Washington, Oregon and Idaho in the early 1940's only small numbers were seen, usually with blackbirds. During the 50's, however, the number of wintering starlings increased from a few birds, to thousands, with estimated flocks of 25,000 to 50,000 in western Oregon and along the Snake River Valley in Idaho and eastern Oregon. During the past five years winter resident populations in these areas have been estimated by the 100,000's, with some observers …

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Testing And Registration Of New Control Materials, Donald A. Spencer Mar 1964

Testing And Registration Of New Control Materials, Donald A. Spencer

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act broadly encompasses, " any substance or mixture of substances intended for pre¬ venting, destroying, repelling, or mitigating...." a pest. The act includes devices as well as chemicals used in the control of pests. It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to provide authoritative evidence of the efficacy and safety of his pesticide product. Within the scope of these four brief excerpts from the act there is much about which personnel engaged in research and development of vertebrate pest control products should be informed. As stated, the coverage of the act is very complete, …

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Second Vertebrate Pest Control Conference: Contents, Schedule, And Participants Mar 1964

Second Vertebrate Pest Control Conference: Contents, Schedule, And Participants

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

PROCEEDINGS SECOND VERTEBRATE PEST CONTROL CONFERENCE
Charter House Hotel Anaheim, California March 4 and 5, 1964
SPONSOR:California Vertebrate Pest Control Technical Committee
GENERAL CHAIRMAN OF CONFERENCE: James W. Koehler, Chief, Weed and Vertebrate Pest Control, California Department of Agriculture, Sacramento, California
PROGRAM AND PUBLICITY:
Maynard W. Cummings, Chairman Extension Wildlife Management Specialist, University of California, Davis
James W. Koehler, Chief, Weed and Vertebrate Pest Control, California Department of Agriculture, Sacramento, California
Walter E. Howard, Associate Vertebrate Ecologist, Department of Animal Physiology, University of California, Davis, California
Keith F. Murray, Senior Vector Control Specialist, Bureau of Vector Control, California Department of …

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The Role Of Industry In Developing New Materials For Vertebrate Pest Control, G. Hermann, W. M. Zeck Mar 1964

The Role Of Industry In Developing New Materials For Vertebrate Pest Control, G. Hermann, W. M. Zeck

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 2nd (1964)

In the first paper presented to you today by Dr. Spencer, an expert in the Animal Biology field and an official authority at the same time, you heard about the requirements imposed on a chemical in order to pass the different official hurdles before it ever will be accepted as a proven tool in wildlife management. Many characteristics have to be known and highly sophisticated tests have to be run. In many instances the governmental agency maintains its own screening, testing or analytical programs according to standard procedures. It would be impossible, however, for economic and time reasons to work …

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