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Microbial Competition In The Biodegradation Of Phenol, Mary Ellen Frank

Theses

Three phenol degraders were isolated from the mixed liquor of the Livingston, NJ municipal treatment plant. Shaker flask experiments using one of the degraders (a Pseudomonas sp.) resulted in the determination of its kinetic rate constants. The second phenol degrader (a Xanthamonas) lost its phenol degrading ability while being stored, and its kinetic rate constants could not be determined. The third phenol degrader (a Pseudomonas cepacia) formed flocs which interfered with the spectrophotometric determination of biomass and therefore its kinetic rate constants also could not be determined.

Mixed culture experiments were carried out using a the Pseudomonas sp. and a …

Thermal Decomposition Of 1,1,2- Trichloroethane In Hydrogen In Tubular Flow Reactors At Atmospheric Pressure, Chen-Chung Yeh

Theses

The decomposition of 1,1,2-trichloroethane in a hydrogen gas bath was carried out at 1 atmosphere total pressure in three different surface to volume ratio flow reactors. Temperature ranged from 440 to 850 °C and the residence times studied were in the range 0.2 - 2.3 seconds. Application of the first order rate expression to this data yields a linear relationship for each temperature studied and thus global rate constants for loss of reactant were determined.

It was found that conversion of the reagent was a function of both temperature and residence time. The major products observed are 1, 2-dichloroethylene (CHClCHCl), …

Study Of An Analytical Method For Benzo(A)Pyrene Metabolites In Human Urine, Zheng Ouyang

Theses

A method developed by Becher and Bjorseth for analysis of PAH metabolites in urine was employed to investigate human exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) - an ubiquitous environmental carcinogen. Preliminary results are presented showing the relationship between exposure to BaP and urinary elimination. Although the correlation between the two variables is not statistically significant, there appears to be a positive association with selected exposure varibles such as smoking. The identification of an association may establish urinary BaP as a marker of exposure.

However, detailed study of the analytical procedure indicated that recoveries with this method were as low as 3-8% for …

Organics In Ambient Air By Collection On Tenax, Thermal Desorption,And Capillary Chromatography With Parallel Fid/Ecd Analysis, Chih-Hsiang Liao

Theses

Volatile organics in ambient air were regularly collected on Tenax cartridges at high (10 ml/min) and low (5 ml/min) intake flows. These Tenax samples were analyzed by using a Tekmar Automatic Thermal Desorber and capillary GC system with parallel flame ionization (FID) and electron capture detectors (ECD). A series of quality assurance procedures has been established to improve and assure the accuracy and precision of sample collector and analysis. These procedures relate to performance of the Tekmar thermal desorber, recovery efficiency from the Tenax, and include studies on breakthrough and co-elution. The results demonstrate (1) that from ambient air data …

Characterization Of Activated Sludge Immobilized In Calcium Alginate Gel With Respect To Biodegradation Of 2-Chlorophenol And Benzene, Manjari Singh

Theses

Activated sludges acclimated with phenol and 2-chlorophenol in one case, and a mixture of benzene, toluene, and o, in and p-xylene in another case, were characterized for biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol and benzene, respectively. Activated sludge was obtained from the Parsippany-Troy Hills Water Pollution Control Plant (NJ).

For both cases colonies were isolated before acclimation, after acclimation, and at the end of biodegradation studies. Since the unacclimated group was the same in both cases, there were a total of five different groups for which characterization was carried out.

For all the five groups together, a total of 54 isolates were obtained …

Microwave Treatment Of Organic Contaminated Soil, Suning Fan

Theses

The development of microwave technology to treat hazardous wastes hasbeen in progress at NJIT for the past three years. The initial stagesof this program have focused on determining the' breadth of hazardouswaste problems that are amenable to microwave technology applications.Benchscale studies have shown the following processes are technicallypossible:

a. It is possible to steam strip organic volatiles from soil;

b. Volatiles can be destroyed by impact upon lossy so lids

c. Heavy metal ions can be immobilized in soil;

d. It is possible to regenerate GAC on-site.

e. It is possible to pyrolyze polyarmotic compounds in soil in-site,and, thereby, effect …

Investigation Of Benzo(A)Pyrene In Outdoor Air, Indoor Air And Personal Inhalation Air, Hsiu-Wen Chen

Theses

The assessment of human exposure to an environmental contaminant requires the measurement of the concentrations levels present in each pathway of possible contact.

This was an investigation of human exposure to an environmental pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene, in outdoor air, indoor air and personal inhalation air samples. The analytical procedure involved extraction by ultrasonic and separation by thin layer chromatography, and detection by fluorescence. The resulting data was used to develop a profile of indoor and outdoor human exposure to B(a)P during the year.

Thermal Desorption Of Hazardous And Toxic Organic Compounds, Manuel S. Nolau

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to study the thermal desorption behavior of toxic organic compounds, specifically o-xylene, p-xylene, ethyl benzene, p-chlorotoluene, and anthracene, from soil with respect to temperature and time, and to develop a mathematical model that will describe this desorption behavior. The model will allow prediction of the concentration of an organic contaminant in commercial soil desorption system over time given a known set of parameters of the specific chemical as well as flow rate and temperature. For this purpose, two sets of experiments were done: These are identified as 1. Thermal desorption and 2. plug flow …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 21, No.2 June 1989

The Prairie Naturalist

THE MISSISSIPPI KITE IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY OF THE SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS ▪ E. G. Bolen and D. L. Flores

TAPE-RECORDED CHICK CALLS TO LOCATE GRAY PARTRIDGE NESTS ▪ J. P. Carroll

BORROW DISTRIBUTION OF THE THIRTEEN-LINED GROUND SQUIRREL IN GRAZED MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE: EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL HABITAT STRUCTURE ▪ D. W. Kaufman and G. A. Kaufman

PIPING PLOVERS NESTING AT NELSON RESERVOIR, MONTANA ▪ D. W. Prellwitz, T. A. Prellwitz, K. L. Stutzman, and J. W. Stutzman

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1988 ▪ R. N. Randall

CHANGING HABITATS IN THE PLATTE RIVER VALLEY OF NEBRASKA ▪ J. …

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 17, Apr. 1989, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

Water Current, Volume 21, April 1989

Water Current Newsletter

US Water Institutes/Centers Celebrate 25th Anniversary
United Kingdom Geophysicist Now Head of UNL Geololgy Department
Future Depends on Water Quality and Quantity
NItrate Area Map "May Be Out in June"
Large Savings with Nitrogen Best Management Practices
Sandhills Voices Heard at Conference
Papio-Missouri River NRD Receives Progress Award
Pioneer Irrigation Award Goes to Former NPPD Administrator
Research Hydrologist is Kremer Lecturer
Public-Private Sectors Join in National Celebration
Nebraska Unicameral Considers Water Legislation Bills in First Unicameral Session

Relocation Of City Raccoons, Richard C. Rosatte, Charles D. Macinnes

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Twenty-four city raccoons were radio-collared and relocated 25-45 km north of the original capture site in Toronto, Ontario. Following release, extensive exploratory movements were noted with distances of 2-7 km being traversed per night. Home ranges for adult males (avg = 39 km²) and females ( avg = 72 km²) far exceeded juvenile ranges and areas utilized by raccoons in an urban setting. None of the raccoons returned to the original point of capture and mortality of the relocated raccoons approached 50% during the first 3 months following release

Jim Bindon's Review Of Tsuguyoshi Suzuki And Ryutaro Ohtsuka's Human Ecology Of Health And Survival In Asia And The South Pacific, Jim Bindon

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Colorado's Big Game Damage Program: 1979 To Present, Andre C. Duvall

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Colorado's big game damage program, enacted in 1979, provides monetary claims for big game damage, prevention materials, and technical advice. Fences, crops, harvested crops, pasture, livestock, and personal property are protected. The average yearly cost for the program has been approximately one million dollars.

Characteristics Of Deer Damage To Experimental Orchards In Ohio, Kerry J. Mower, Thomas W. Townsend, William J. Tyznik

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

We measured several variables of newly established apple trees (1) to compare growth differences between trees damaged by browsing deer and trees protected from deer, (2) to determine if seasonal browsing patterns existed, and (3) to determine if deer browsed selectively among Ohio's 3 most commonly planted apple cultivars. All testing was die at the 0.05 alpha level. Experimental trees were measured repeatedly from June 1986 the May 1988.

Animal Damage Control: The Challenge Of The 90'S, Jack H. Benymanz

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The talk identifies the challenges of the 90's as: to fully professionalize the policies and practice of animal damage control; to provide a responsible and acceptable level of control; to gain executive and legislative support; and to improve public acceptance. It points up a number of obstacles and identifies several steps necessary to meet the challenges.

Aphis Animal Damage Control Livestock Guarding Dog Program, Jeffrey S. Green

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

One hundred traditional breed livestock guarding dog pups were placed with sheep producers in Wyoming, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington during 1987-88 as part of the APHIS Animal Damage Control program. Producers reared the dogs and integrated them into their operations. Ninety-three dogs were rated as follows: 68% good, 17% fair, and 15$ poor. Success was breed-related. Sixty-one percent of the dogs were used on pasture operations and 39% on range operations. Nineteen percent of the dogs died prior to reaching 18 months-of-age.

Habitat Manipulations To Prevent Elk Damage To Private Rangelands, William M. Long

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Habitat manipulations were initiated on the Wick Brothers big Game Winter range in southern Wyoming to alter traditional movement patterns of Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus elaphus nelsonii) . Manipulations included spraying with 2-4-D and follow-up fertilization of the same plot in successive years with ammonium nitrate at the rate of 40 lbs. (18 kg.) free nitrogen per acre. Burning hay meadows and upland sagebrush sites and salting were used in combination with the other treatments. Elk distribution shifted to the treated plots in response to the increased quality and quantity of the grass production on these areas. Spring …

Coyote Control In Alberta, John B. Boumez

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A historical review of coyote damage to livestock, early control measures and the development of Alberta's coyote damage control program is provided, including provincial and federal legislation, provincial policy, research and field testing initiatives, extension and control methodology.

Use Of Monofilament Line, Reflective Tape, Beach-Balls, And Pyrotechnics For Controlling Grackle Damage To Citrus, Alan R. Tipton, John H. Rappole, Arlo H. Kane, Rafael H. Flores, Dave Johnson, John Hobbs, Paul Schulz, Sam Beasom, Joe Palacios

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The effectiveness of monofilament line, reflective tape, beach-balls and pyrotechnics (propane cannons and shotgun scare shells) in reducing damage to citrus by great-tailed grackles was tested in the lower Rio Grande Valley of southern Texas. Results indicate that these treatments can produce reduction in damage. Whether the treatments are economically advisable for a grower depends on the history of grackle damage to the grove and grove size. Only large amounts of damage in large groves justify costs associated with implementation of these methods.

Fall Food Habits Of Double-Crested Cormorants In Arkansas, Albert E. Bivings, Michael D. Hoy, Jeffrey W. Jones

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

One hundred forty-eight double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were collected in October-December 1988. Some were collected while actively feeding, but most were collected at loafing or roosting areas. Of the 135 with fish in them, 79% contained gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and 16% contained centrarchids (mostly Lepomus sp.). The rest contained a variety of aquaculture (commercially raised) fish. Fish prey weights were estimated from total length of prey items and use of published length-weight tables. Total weights of prey ranged from 39 to 4558 with a mean of 185g. This was felt to be a conservative estimate …

Evaluation Of Predator Guards For Black-Bellied Whistling Duck Nest-Boxes, Raymond L. Urabek

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I evaluated the effectiveness, suitability, and expense of 2 styles of predator guards for black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocyqna autumnalis) nest-boxes. Guards evaluated were galvanized bottom attached shrouds and razor-ribbon wire. Both guards were effective against ground dwelling predators. The group not fitted with guards suffered a 55% overall depredation rate.

Field Trials Of Alpha-Chloralose And Drc-1339 For Reducing Numbers Of Herring Gulls, Paul P. Woronecki, Richard A. Dolbeer, Thomas W. Seamans

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

We compared the potential of Alpha-chloralose (A-C) and DRC-1339 to reduce a nesting population of herring gulls at an industrial site in Ohio in 1988. Almost all treated baits were consumed by gulls but only about one affected gull was noted for every 10 baits consumed of either chemical. A test indicated our DRC-1339 baits. containing 3.7 - 7.4 times the published LD value, were not lethal to most captive herring gulls living in fresh water. LD values of A-C and DRC-1339 need to be more precisely estimated for gull species in fresh and salt water environments.

Use Of Drc-1339 And Pa-14 To Control Grackle Populations In The Lower Rio Grande Valley, Alan R. Tipton, John H. Rappole, Arlo H. Kane, Rafael H. Flores, John Hobbs, Dave Johnson, Sam Beasom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In an attempt to reduce valley wide populations of grackles in the Rio Grande Valley of South Texas, PA-14 was sprayed over a staging area where as many as 10,000 birds were located. This attempt was unsuccessful and this method of population reduction was deemed not suitable for south Texas. Dog food bait was treated with DRC-1339 and presented to great-tailed grackles in several different situations in an attempt to control depredations to citrus by this bird. Bait presented in feedlots during winter (Nov-Feb) was readily taken by the birds, resulting in a significant reduction of numbers of birds visiting …

The Current Program And Future Of Adc In The Usda, Bobby R. Acord

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The ADC program was transferred to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service in December 1985. The ADC mission continues to be the protection of American agriculture and other resources from wildlife damage. Changes have been implemented to enhance the program, and efforts are continuing toward additional improvements.

The Use Of Dma To Reduce Robin Depredation On Cherries, Leonard R. Askham, John K. Fellman

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The use of a biorational pesticide, Dimethyl Anthrantlate (DMA), was investigated for possible use as a robin repellant in an Eastern Washington Research orchard. Applied in low concentrations (2, 4, and 8% with surfactant), robin depredation was reduced an average of 75%. A double-blind taste test showed no consumer aversion for fresh fruit sprayed with DMA two weeks before harvest.

Kansas Attitudes On Prairie Dog Control, Charles D. Lees, F. Robert Henderson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In Kansas prairie dog management is primarily determined by private individuals and local government agencies. We conducted a mail survey of 350 affected landowners as a means to evaluate the effectiveness of current prairie dog control. The same survey was also sent to 350 randomly selected state residents within the general prairie dog range. We evaluated people's perceptions of prairie dogs, the effectiveness of control methods, costs of control, and reasons for poor response to control techniques. Results indicate people that have previously been involved in prairie dog control on lands they manage have different opinions about prairie dogs than …

Black-Footed Ferret Recovery, Dean E. Biggins, Ronald A. Crew

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The captive population of black-footed ferrets increased from 24 to 58 animals in 1988, and was split to provide the species added protection against extinction. Experimental reintroductions may begin in 1991. In some areas, "experimental population" designations as authorized under Section 10 (j) of the Endangered Species Act may be used to provide wider management latitude. The Black-footed Ferret Interstate Coordinating Committee oversees much of the work related to reintroduction. Expanded effort to locate wild ferrets now includes a $10,000 reward offer. Research focuses on captive breeding, reintroduction techniques, disease, and habitat. A new Recovery Plan was approved in 1988.

Experimental Applications Of High-Tensile Wire And Other Fencing To Control Big Game Damage In Northwest Colorado, A. Eugene Byrne

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Conventional fencing methods V-mesh wire, square mesh wire and wood panels are compared to experimental methods - 15 wire hightensile wire fences; electric high-tensile wire fences of three designs; baited electric fences; hog panel fences; plastic mesh fences and visqueen wrapped haystacks. Total cost of materials, cost per ft./yr. and comments concerning estimates of efficacy are discussed. The V-mesh wire, hog panel and plastic mesh fences all have a very high cost per ft. and cost per ft./yr. rating and should probably not be used. High-tensile and square mesh wire fences are effective and cheaper alternatives. Modern high-tensile wire electric …

Trophy Game Animal Damage In Wyoming, Ron Iversons

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Wyoming is perhaps one of the most liberal and unique states of the fifty states on compensation for game and trophy game animal damage. Trophy game animals as defined by statute in Wyoming includes the Cougar (Mt. Lion), Black Bear, and the Grizzly Bear. According to statute Wyoming is responsible for damages incurred by these species to livestock, land, crops, improvements, and extraordinary grasses. Since the statutes were enacted Wyoming has been faced with a variety of complaints and damage claims caused by these species. Damage complaints received by the Department have covered a broad spectrum, ranging from the stockman …