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Water Resources News, Volume 2, No. 10, November 1970

Water Current Newsletter

NWRRI Director Named Executive Secretary of Universities Council on Water Resources
1971 Summer Institutes Planned
Research and Development Sources Sought
NWRRI Proposals Submitted
FWQA Booklet on Fish Mortalities
Urban Wastewater Renovation Through Agriculture
Control of Oil Pollution
Environmental Education Bill to White House
Title II Awards for FY 1971
Case Studies in Water Resources Systems Analysis
National Environmental Pollution Conference
UCOWR Annual Meeting Held in Virginia
Reorganizational Plans for Environmental Programs
National Water Commission Studies
Research Review
New Publications Received by the Institute - November

Press Reports, Walter Lawrance

Walter Lawrance Papers

No abstract provided.

Preliminary Indicators Of Income/Wealth Redistribution Associated With Bureau Of Reclamation Projects, Reed Willis, Allen Lebaron, Herbert Fullerton

Reports

Social well-being is an accepted subset of water investment feasibility criteria. Our attempt is to isolate income redistribution impacts conferred by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation projects. Four project sites have been utilized to yield both pre and post project estimates of farm income and wealth. Production functions of the Cobb-Douglas type were estimated to yield information about factor shares, and thus enable inferences to be made about distribution of total product. Lorenz curves were developed to show changes in distribution of wealth and net income in terms of family enterprise, per acre, and per irrigated acre. Listing of individual …

Territorial Male Red-Winged Blackbird Distribution In Wood County, Ohio, M. I. Dyer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoneiceus) have been studied intensively in the United States and Canada by research biologists of the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife for more than a decade. The detailed information on popula¬tion dynamics of the species that has been acquired is now being assembled and assessed. Definite patterns in the distribution of some of the eastern and mid-western populations have become apparent (Dyer et al., 1072; Power, 1069, 1970). A very complex distribution of territorial densities occurs in the western Lake Erie Basin of the U.S. and Canada (Dyer et al., 1972), where there are significant differences …

The Effects Of Ornitrol On Wild Populations Of Red-Winged Blackbirds And Grackles, Robert C. Fringer, Philip Granett

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

For the past three years the New Jersey Department of Agriculture, in coop¬eration with the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, has conducted field evaluations on the effects of reproductive suppressants on wild populations of red-winged blackbirds. These studies have been performed in conjunction with the North East 49 (a Federally sponsored regional project which presently has nine states in the North East and Ohio cooperating to develop means to combat bird damage to agricultural crops) regional project on control of bird depredations.

Field evaluations in 1968 and 1969 centered around the effects of TEM (tri-ethylene melamine) on the reproductive rates …

Physiological Interpretations Of Morphological Variation In The Red-Winged Blackbird, Dennis M. Power

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

A number of widespread species vary morphologically throughout their range. Ultimately such geographic variation appears to be adaptive and represents local evolutionary responses to the pressures of natural selection. Detailed knowledge of size, shape and color variation in species such as the Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) may eventually allow the identification of breeding localities of autumn and winter flocks simply from morphological evidence. Knowledge of variation in behavioral and physiological parameters also will be useful in assessing the effect of various control devices.

The present study stems from an attempt to elucidate the adaptive significance of geographic variation of redwings …

Outlook For Ornitrol, M. R. Woulfe

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

My comments at this point will concern the application and uses of Ornitrol. My comments are aimed at people who are engaged in actual control work, people in public health departments and PCO's.

Ornitrol is a chemosterilant--one of the first ones which has been registered for sale. It inhibits egg production apparently in most avians. We know it does this in pigeons, sparrows, grackles, blackbirds, and chickens. It is reasonable to assume that it will do this in many other species, and this generalized action is one of the reasons why it has got to be handled very carefully where …

The Chemical Senses Of Birds, Morley R. Kare

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Birds are not concerned with the odors of their immediate environment. To a chicken, a starling or a cowbird, the odors of its environment are of little or no con-sequence. I am not saying that birds do not have the apparatus for olfaction, nor am I saying that no bird can smell. The kiwi of New Zealand is almost totally blind and does sniff. They do have "nostrils" on the tip of the bill. However, they are an unusual exception. If we place highly odoriferous material under one of two food choices and present them to domestic chickens or starlings, …

The Role Of Bird Management In Fire Protection, David E. Schneider, Michael W. Fall

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Two years ago, Mike Fall and I showed you some ideas we had regarding mod¬ern architecture and bird problems. This year we've switched to considering bird hazards in older frame dwellings and on buildings where a fire hazard may be ap¬parent. During a class project some time ago, I was examining a nest of house sparrows and discovered that these birds incorporated cellulose cigarette filters into their nests. Filters were stripped of their paper wrapping and were apparently used by the sparrows as a substitute for or a supplement to fluffy air-born seeds and seed mat¬erials. The incidence of the …

Bird Management At Airports, Edward R. Ladd

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In New England, and along the stretch of coastline which starts just south of Canada and goes down through New Jersey, we have half a dozen major or what we call international airports. All but two have bird problems. Most of these airports were built on submarginal land, but what was perhaps some of the best wildlife habitat in the country. So, the birds were there first. When these airports were built, airlines were flying propeller-type aircraft. This type was slow and sluggish compared to the jet aircraft of today. Even though aircraft speeds have increased, the birds still are …

Bird Hazards To Aircraft, Victor E. F. Solmon

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

When I spoke to the third Bird Control Seminar in 1966 on "Ecological Control of Bird Hazards to Aircraft", I reviewed what we had accomplished up to that time. I spoke about the extent of the problem, the bird species involved and the methods we used to make the airports less attractive to birds that created hazards to aircraft.

I wish to discuss today our accomplishments since 1966. I have presented a number of papers on the topic including one with Dr. W. W. H. Gunn, in 1967 at a meeting in the United Kingdom, and others in the United …

Water Resources News, Volume 2, No. 8, September 1970

Water Current Newsletter

Waste Water Reuse
Action on Mercury Pollution
Improving Waste Treatment
Westside Water Resources Study
Pollution Guide for Scout Leaders
Water Pollution Control Need $33-37 Billion
Cleaning Nation's Waterways
Under Water Power Plants
Wanted - Catalog of Products Which Are Potential Waters Polluters
FWQA Wastewater Technology Study
Proposal Deadlines
University of Illinois Annual Water Quality Conference
Research Review
New Publications Received by the Institute

Pesticide Residues In Channel Catfish From Nebraska, N. P. Stucky

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were collected in all of the major watersheds in Nebraska during the summer of 1964. Individual fat samples and composite blood samples obtained from these fish were analyzed to determine the concentrations of residues of DDT and its metabolites (o,p'DDT, p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, and DDE) and dieldrin. A total of 178 fish, collected from 18 sites, were analyzed. As expected, the fat samples contained higher concentrations of the pesticides than did the blood samples. DDT residues were found in all fat samples, and average levels from 10 fish sampled at each site ranged from a …

Water Resources News, Volume 2, No. 7, August 1970

Water Current Newsletter

New Protection Agency Proposed
New Oceanic Group
Environmental Changes Beneficial
Myth Criticized
Dirty Rain Damages Building
Harvesting Algae
Mercury Pollution Spreading
Potomac River Sites for Desalting Tests
Water Pollution Control Rules
Price Increase to Improve Environment
Water Management Proposal
Research Review
New Publications Received by the Institute

Record In Rock: A Handbook Of The Invertebrate Fossils Of Nebraska, Roger K. Pabian

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Table of Contents:

Introduction
What Are Fossils? How Do They Form?
Fossilization
How Are Fossiliferous Rocks Formed?
What is Paleontology?
What Can Fossils Tell Us?
Fossils and Geologic Time
Fossils as Environmental Indicators
Fossils and Conservation
How Are Fossils Named?
Where Are Fossils Found?
Collecting Courtesy
Tools for Collecting Fossils
Tips on Collecting Fossils
Safety Rules
Quarry Safety
Safety Don'ts to Remember
Preparation of Specimens
A Bit of Advice
General Characteristics of Nebraska's Important Fossils
Phylum Protozoa (Single-Celled Animals)
The Living Protozoan
Fossil Protozoans from Nebraska
Phylum Porifera (Pore Bearers or Sponges)
The Living Sponge
Fossil Sponges from Nebraska
Phylum …

Planning Aspects Of Pollution Control, Donald T. Cannell

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Pollution control and abatement has become a national social goal but improvement impeded by lack of adequate resource allocation. The uncertainties of technology, financing, nature, politics, law and institutionalism must be evaluated by corporate and government planners to find long-run solutions. The evaluation of the sensitivity of planning recommendations to the uncertainty involved in this multi-variate problem, along with national economic shifts caused by alternative abatement funding programs is critical in formulating the “best” plan to ensure success of the national program.

Water Resources News, Volume 2, No. 5, May 1970

Water Current Newsletter

Proposal Deadlines for Research Projects
Mr. Eugene Eaton Visits Nebraska Institute
Eutrophication Publication Available
Symposium on Man-Made Lakes
National Science Foundation Provides Grant for Students
Department of the Interior to Sponsor Conference on Environmental Pollution
President Signs Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970
Possible Reclamation of Wastewater for Denver?
Water Quality Administration Seeks Studies on Cost of Preventing Pollution
New Pollution Control Proposed by Secretary Hickel
High-Priority Problem Areas
Research Review
New Publications Received by the Institute

Keynote Address --- "The Year Of Ecology", Robert I. Cushing

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

It seems to me that there are at least two things we should be concerned about. First, I believe there is a real possibility that the environmental quality bandwagon will get to playing so loud and to rolling so fast that there can be some unfavorable consequences in food production and processing-—the job I work at and that some of you work at. Second, I believe there are signs that we could lose our balance—-that we could be making decisions on emotional instead of rational grounds. Reason seems to be in danger from an epidemic of emotion. And we need …

Notes On The Ecology Of Sewer Rats In St. Louis, Kyle R. Barbehenn

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

The awareness, if not the magnitude, of problems caused by sewer rats has increased in the United States in recent years. Thus, current concern with the more general problem of urban rats is leading many city agencies to incorporate plans for controlling sewer rats in budgets that are already severely strained. The most effective programs for controlling pests are those based on an intimate knowledge of the interactions between the target species and its environment. Some basic studies of sewer rat ecology were begun in St. Louis, Missouri, in February, 1969. Since the initial results have provided information that should …

Current Status Of Plague And Plague Control In The United States, Jack D. Poland, Allan M. Barnes

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

During the first quarter of the 20th century massive rat-borne plague epidemics occurred in port cities of the United States in conjunction with the last world-wide pandemic which originated in China in 1893. By 1950, plague was found to be firmly established in wild rodent populations in states west of the 100th meridian. Presumably because of improved sanitation coupled with retreat of the world-wide pandemic there have been no human cases in this country associated with urban rats since 1924. However, sporadic cases, fewer than 10 per year, are reported as due to contact with wild rodents, lagomorphs, rural rats, …

Vampire Bat Control: A Review And Proposed Research Programme For Latin America, Arthur M. Greenhall

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

In Latin America paralytic rabies transmitted by vampire bats is a major cause of death in cattle. This problem becomes more acute as countries attempt to increase livestock production to feed rapidly expanding human populations. Vaccination has been the principal weapon against rabies, however this offers no protection to domestic animals and poultry against daily predation of vampire bats. Established methods of vampire bat control, though limited, have proved effective and should be continued while more effective methods are being developed and tested. Existing methods are discussed in some detail. Of the approximately 200 kinds of bats found in Latin …

Chemosterilants As An Approach To Rodent Control, Rex E. Marsh, Walter E. Howard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

Capitalizing on research directed toward oral contraceptives for humans, a wide variety of compounds are now under study for their practical value in inhibiting rodent reproduction to suppress detrimental populations. This paper discusses the specifications of ideal rodent chemosterilants and the advantages of chemosterilants over other methods of control, and compares the potential values of chemosterilants acting on females, males, and both sexes. Specific situations are detailed where chemosterilants will be most valuable in rodent control, together with proposed methods of application. Chemosterilants are not expected to become a panacea for control, but since they are based on sound biological …

Olfaction In Rodent Control, Walter E. Howard, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

A brief survey is presented of current knowledge on olfaction in rodents and the various roles that odors may play in modifying rodent behavior. Some species at least utilize olfactory cues: to locate food items; to recognize their mother and mates; to mark territory; as an involuntary population density regulator; possibly to recognize predators; as a warning cue against a repellent or toxic substance (poison-bait shyness); and probably, for many other behavioral purposes. The value of using artificial odors in rodent baits to increase bait acceptance is not yet well documented. The addition of attractive natural odors may increase detection …

Current Work On Bird Hazards To Aircraft, Victor E. F. Solman

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 4th (1970)

Collisions between birds and aircraft have caused loss of human life and millions of dollars worth of property damage. The advent of even larger planes may reduce airframe damage, but it seems doubtful that engine damage will be significantly reduced. Dealing with the problem biologically, involves combating the hazards caused both by birds on or near the ground at airfields, and by birds on mass migrations at altitudes up to several thousand feet above ground. Airports can be designed or altered to minimize their attraction to birds. The chance arrival of a flock of birds must be treated as an …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 2, No. 1. March, 1970

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITORIAL: Speaking of Ecologists ▪ Paul B. Kannowski

NEEDED: AN ETHICAL BASIS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ▪ Gordon L. Iseminger

THE POPULATION PARADOX ▪ Gary L. Pearson

THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS—A CALL TO ACTION ▪ Glen A. Sherwood

NORTH DAKOTA—1970 ▪ Philip B. Aus

Reducing Evaporation From Farm Dams : A Progress Report December 1969, I A F Laing

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IN most seasons in the Western Australian Wheatbelt evaporation reduction techniques rate a low priority due to either the expense or the relative inefficiency of the techniques.

It is generally agreed that a similar investment in deepening or enlarging existing dams, or making new dams larger from the outset, is likely to be more profitable.

Concentration Of Co, In The Air Above A Sugar Beet Field, K.W. Brown, Norman J. Rosenberg

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The concentration of CO, in air sampled above a sugar beet crop was measured during July, August, and early September 1966 at Scottsbluff, Nebr. During July the mean daytime concentration decreased from 310 ppm to 283 ppm as the leaf area index increased from 0.8 to 4.0. Only small deviations from the mean daytime Concentration of 283 ppm occurred during the remainder of the season. The mean nocturnal concentration during this period was 320 ppm and was more variable than the daytime concentration. The daily amplitude of concentration averaged 70 ppm and was as great at times as 100 ppm. …

Microbiological Specialists' Meeting New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico April 3-4, 1970, U.S. International Biological Program

Meetings

No abstract provided.

Distribution Of Trace Elements In Impoundments, J. Nix

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

An investigation of the trace element content of two impoundments on the Ouachita River, Arkansas, was conducted. Common water quality parameters were followed in the reservoirs in an effort to determine the factors which were influencing the trace element concentration. The following trace metals were determined in both the particulate phase (retained by a 0.45 micron filter) and the soluble phase (passed by a 0.45 micron filter): iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, nickel, lead, chromium, and zinc. These measurements were made periodically for one and a half years. Results indicate that the chemical regime of the impoundments which were studied was …

Water Resources Planning Study For Arkansas And Oklahoma, L. R. Heiple, H. M. Jeffus

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The purpose of this study is to make an appraisal of the local water resources in the Arkansas River Basin common to the two States of Arkansas and Oklahoma as defined by the Arkansas-Oklahoma Compact Committee (hereinafter referred to as "the Compact Committee"). A review, analysis, and correlation has been made of hydrologic data previously collected by others. Consideration is given to the evaluation at selected sites of the storage and potential use of existing water sources.