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Model Choice: An Operational Comparison Of Stochastic Streamflow Models For Droughts, W. Robert James, David S. Bowles, Nath T. Kottegoda

Reports

The rapid development of stochastic or operational hydrology over the past 10 years has led to the need for some comparative analyses of the currently available long-term persistence models. Five annual stochastic streamflow generation models (autoregressive, autoregressive-moving-average (ARMA), ARMA-Markov, fast fractional Gaussian noise, and broken line) are compared on their ability to preserve drought-related time series properties and annual statistics. Using Monte Carlo generation procedures and comparing the average generated statistics and drought or water supply properties, a basis is established to evalute model performance on four different Utah study streams. A seasonal disaggregation model is applied to each of …

Update On Estimation Of Water Surface Elevation Probabilities For The Great Salt Lake, L. Douglas James, David S. Bowles, W. Robert James, Ronald V. Canfield

Reports

The techniques of operational hydrology, employing an autoregrssive moving average (ARMA (1,0) model were used to replicate historical patterns of streamflow into, precipitation on, and evaporation from the Great Salt Lake. The results were combined with a lake water balance model to simulate lake stage sequences beginning with known initial conditions and extending up to 125 years into the future and used to generate probability distributions for future lake stages. Starting with a spring 1980 high stage of 4200.45 ft msl, the best estimate is that the 1981 spring high will be 4200.19, but there is one change in four …

Calcium Carbonate Precipitation As Influenced By Stream Primary Production, Gretchen L. Rupp, V. Dean Adams

Reports

The potential influence of periphyton photosynthesis on calcium carbonate precipitation was studied for the Logan River, Bear River Mountains, northern Utah. The water chemistry, hydrology, and benthic primary production of the river were monitored for one year. periphyton photosynthesis and calcium carbonate precipitation were measured concurrently in laboratory experiments utilizing radioisotopic tracers. These experiments investigated the effects of water temperature, velocity, and macronutrient concentration on photosynthetically induced calcium carbonate precipitation. In these experiments, the biologic induction of calcium carbonate precipitation was not correlated with water nutrient level. It did, however, reflect water temperature, and was greatest at approximately 10 degrees …

The Kinetics Of Rotating Biological Contactors Treating Domestic Wastewater, Abraham Pano, E. Joe Middlebrooks, J. H. Reynolds

Reports

Four, four-stage, laboratory scale rotating biological contactor (RBC) units were employed to develop kinetic models for the RBC process when treating domestic wastewater. The study was conducted at three different temperatures of 5 degrees C, 15 degrees C, and 20 degrees C. Each unit operated at a different constant organic loading rate taht ranged from 4 qCOD/m^2/d to 14 gCOD/m^2/d and at a constand detention time of 2 hours. Carbonaceous substrate removals measured as COD cencentrations with the four-stage RBC's were 80, 85, and 90 percent for 5 degrees C, 15 degrees C, and 20 degrees C, respectively. The major …

Natural Salinity Removal Processes In Reservoirs, Jay J. Messer, Eugene K. Israelsen, V. Dean Adams

Reports

A small but significant amount of salinity removal has been reported by various authors to occur in mainstem Colorado River reservoirs. Recalculation of some of these salinity budgets, together with a review of the data bases used, usggests taht removal has not often been conclusively demonstrated. Laboratory microcosm experiments and field data indicate that calcium carbonate precipitation, perhaps with some coprecipitation of magnesium carbonate, is the mechanism responsible for most of the salinity removal in Oneida Reservoir, Idaho. Coprecipitation processes (including ion exchange), coagulation, and bioassimilation do not appear to be important natural salinity removal mechanisms. Finally, loss of calcium, …

Fielding Ditch Pipeline Computer Simulation Study, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Tullis, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The Fielding Ditch Company Pipeline is almost 3 miles long and supplies irrigation water under low pressure to adjacent fields through 33 turnouts along its length. The 24-inch non-reinforced concrete pipeline began to experience repeated structural failures soon after it was placed in operation. This study was done for the Soil Conservation Service by the Utah Water Research Laboratory to gather field data on the pipeline operating characteristics, to analyze the hydraulic transients in the pipeline with the help of a computer simulation model, and to suggest modification to protect the pipeline from future failures caused by transient pressures. Following …

Book Review. For Whom The National Parks?, A. Dan Tarlock

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Methods For Biological, Chemical, And Physical Analyses In Reservoirs, Penelope E. Kellar, Sherell A. Paulson, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

This manual contains detailed descriptions of biological, chemical and physical sampling and analytical procedures used at the Lake Mead Limnological Research Center. The manual was prepared in response to requests made by numerous individuals involved in the Las Vegas Valley Water Quality Program. This manual represents what we consider to be a reasonably complete compilation of methods useful in studying both general and specific limnological questions. While each section is sufficiently detailed to be of use to investigators with little experience in limnological methodology, the methods can be used on a wide variety of lakes and reservoirs, with relatively little …

Volume 4, Number 11 (November 1980), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

Wood Fuels In Power Generation, Yildirim Omurtag, Larry Wetzel, Michael Mcevilly

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In order for wood to be considered a feasible energy source for power generation, it must prove to be economical, meet society's pollution criteria, and provide sufficient energy to meet its regional demand applications or requirements. This report looks at wood's availability, its potential as a fuel source, the different methods of energy conversion, and lastly, submits conclusions and recommendations concerning wood-fueled power generation.

The information and background was supplied and supported by actual application, government publications and documentations, and other sources. The availability report includes living biomass, wood residues, and potential biomass expansion. Once availability was determined, the portion …

The Price Of Oil, R. W. Clack

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

An examination of major forces in the petroleum market with primary emphasis on the decade of the 1970s. The market force (s) responsible for the factor-of-ten increase in the price of crude oil is isolated, if not identified. The market's "message" is set forth for energy policy planners.

Solar Energy Teaching Lab With Large Scale Working Model, Jim Pearson, Tom Cook

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

An active solar energy retrofit has been added to an engineering building at John prown University. A new system dependent evaluation procedure incorporating the f-chart method was used for panel selection. The system is designed and instrumented in order to provide various laboaratory experiences and data collection capability. Data collection and system control are provided by a microcomputer.

Energy Management In Institutional Facilities, Raj Kumar

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Insitutional buildings present a challenge for energy conservation because their operation is year-round, seven-day-a-week, twenty-four per day. In this paper, the author examines year-round heat rejection sources and shows how an energy reclaim system that reuses cooling system waste heat for preheating service hot water proves effective for successful energy management.

A Review Of Ashrae Standard 100: Energy Conservation In Existing Buildings, Albert W. Black Iii

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The ASHRAE 100 Series of Standards, Energy Conservation in Existing Buildings, has been through two open reviews and is presently being edited prior to publication. The draft standards are discussed in this paper and compared with ASHRAE Standard 90, Energy Conservation in New Building Design.

Economics, Politics And The Future Supply Of Energy Sources, Raphael Shen

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

High degree forward linkages created by oil and natural gas consumption was sufficient "justification" to regulate energy prices. The "welfare triangle" was artificially enlarged, and the economy as a whole indeed reaped benefits therefrom. It was workable, then. But the economy has since been experiencing macroeconomic dislocations. To avoid future payments of current policy mistakes, to ensure continued and steady economic growth, and to assure future energy adequacy/ abundance, enhanced investment incentives are rational imperatives that merit serious consideration.

Technological Status And Legal/Regulatory Aspects Of Low-Head Hydroelectric Power Development In Missouri, Charles Darwin Morris, Gordon E. Weiss

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper will present the broad overview of hardware availability, systems design and 1egal/regulatory constraints presently connected with the development of small hydropower systems in water rich areas such as southeastern Missouri. There is great interest being evidenced today on the part of major federal agencies and some power companies in regard to the feasibility of utilization of the power potential inherent in small streams. The topic is of particular interest to Missourians because of the vast number of small streams present in Missouri.

Energy And Economic Development, Steven Skeet Chang

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The paper sets out to examine the impact of energy crisis on the world economy in general and the less developed countries (LDCs) in particular. To clearly and fully understand the economic problems confronting LDCs in the era of energy shortage, it is necessary to formulate a general structural theory of economic development. A more comprehensive multidimensional indicator of economic development should also be constructed to measure the industrialization of the LDCs under study.

Energetics Of Moving Magnetic Waves, Tom Day

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Magnetism has had a certain and specific appeal of human inquiry for at least the past forty centuries of civilization. History is full of adventures into the unknowns about this natural phenomenon. Recent findings hint of a hidden physical world concerning magnetism which prompts continued exploration. Curvilinear motion on a continuous basis can be detected within a magnetic field consisting of large, slow moving spiral wave patterns. This paper presents a procedure whereby the reader can establish his or her own findings about the power and energy of magnetic conductance. Avenues of basic research are explored and discussed.

Acid Precipitation: The Coal Legacy In The Upper Midwest, Dennis M. Richter

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Increased use of coal in industry and utilities has resulted in acid precipitation associated with SOx and NOx emissions. The resultant aquatic and terrestial problems, and their solutions, are of considerable concern to the upper Midwest states.

The Energy Conservation And Safety Dilemma, Burns E. Hegler

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Since the beginning of the energy crisis, efforts to conserve energy often have seemed to be diametrically opposed to the precepts of safety. This is true if conservation is not planned and conducted properly. However, energy and safety can be quite compatible and may work to their mutual advantage if effectively managed.

Managing In An Energy Scarce Environment, John Amos

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Present engineering management principles, operations research techniques, and economic theories were mainly developed dealing with only one scarce resource -- capital. Today, the engineer manager must consider another scarce resource -- energy. In the past, energy was never considered a major factor; i.e., equipment was considered a good investment if labor was reduced, regardless of energy cost. Many other managerial decisions are similar; therefore, the engineer manager must understand why many decisions based on traditional techniques may be misleading. The engineer manager must now utilize more complex engineering management techniques instead of evaluating only one factor or using rules of …

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage: A Cost And Sizing Study, Haur D. Shaw, J. Derald Morgan, Max Darwin Anderson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Two applications for superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) devices in power systems are studied. One is for peak shaving, and the other is for load leveling. Consideration is given to placing these devices near load centers to reduce the line losses. For (SMES) cases studied using smaller size devices at several load centers, the line losses are lowered. However, the efficiency of SMES is proportional to its size, and the capitol cost per MWH is much greater for a smaller size SMES unit when compared to a larger SMES unit. Once the location or locations for SMES have been selected, …

An Analysis Of Residential Water Demand Schedules In Arkansas, Richard K. Ford, Joseph A. Zieger

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Water has held man's interest for centuries, and a considerable body of knowledqe has been developed about this subject, but it has only been considered only recently by decision makers in an economic sense. Because water is required to sustain life, the thought of its being an economic good to individuals has not been considered applicable or "fair" by those individuals who are concerned with its acquisition and distribution. Moreover, water has been in fairly abundant supply relative to demand for most of the country. However, as this situation is upset by increases in population and water use, a realization …

Volume 4, Number 9 (September 1980), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

Epa Profile Of Environmental Quality Nebraska, Kathleen Q. Camin

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, which make up EPA Region VII, are among the leading corn and wheat producing States in the Nation_ These States also produce a significant share of the soybean, grain sorghum, fat cattle, and finished hogs that are supplied to American and foreign markets.

Although the States in Region VII can best be characterized as rural, 65 percent of their nearly 12 million people live in urban areas. In Nebraska, metropolitan areas such as Omaha 4 have environmental problems resulting from major industrial operations, municipal services, transportation, and energy production. Metropolitan areas, however, do not have …

Effect Of Fish Size On Prey Size Selection In Gambusia Affinis, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Joseph J. Cech Jr., James Compton

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Food size selection of the mosquitofish , Gambusia affinis affinis. was measured in aquaria using juvenile stages of the mosquito, Clllex tarsalb;, as prey. Fish size varied from recently born fry to large adult females. Food size selection was positively correlated with fish size. Mosquitofish fry (6-8 111m standard length) attacked and ate primarily first and second instar larvae. Fry attacked larger instars, but attack success on these was low (0 - 50%). Fish larger than 20 mm attached primarily pupae and third and fourth instar larva. No first instar mosquitoes were eaten. Attack success for these fish was above …

The Surface Mining Control And Reclamation Act Of 1977, Hamlet J. Barry, Iii

Federal Lands, Laws and Policies and the Development of Natural Resources: A Short Course (Summer Conference, July 28-August 1)

48 pages.

Includes footnotes (pages 44 to 47).

The Mineral Leasing Act Of 1920, Patrick H. Martin

Federal Lands, Laws and Policies and the Development of Natural Resources: A Short Course (Summer Conference, July 28-August 1)

39 pages (includes sample forms).

Pages M-26; M-36; M-38; and M-40 do not contain pagination or content, and were not scanned.

Contains references (page M-1).

The Clean Air Act And Mineral Development, Paul D. Phillips

Federal Lands, Laws and Policies and the Development of Natural Resources: A Short Course (Summer Conference, July 28-August 1)

16 pages (includes charts, maps, and illustrations).

Contains 3 pages of references.

Volume 4, Number 7 (July 1980), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.