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The Prediction Of Sediment And Nutrient Transport In The Buffalo River Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, H. D. Scott, P. A. Smith

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress in 1972 as the first National River in the United States. It is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in northern Arkansas. The river originates in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains in Newton County, and generally flows northeastward, intersecting the Springfield and Salem Plateaus as it drops from approximately 2000 feet in the headwaters to around 500 feet at the confluence with the White River in Marion County. It is considered by many to be one of Arkansas' greatest natural treasures, and therefore , there is strong interest in protecting …

Water Resources Review - June 1994 Vol 7 No 2, Annis Water Resources Institute

AWRI Reviews

No abstract provided.

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 31, Spring Issue, Apr. 1994, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

Estimating Groundwater Flow Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology, Leo C. Adams

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examined the use of response surface methodology RSM as a parameter estimation technique in the field of groundwater flow modeling. Using RSM, an attempt was made to calibrate three hydraulic parameters porosity, transverse permeability, and rate of recharge of an existing two- dimensional, steady-state flow model. The model simulated groundwater flow for a portion of landfill 10 located on Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. The model had previously been calibrated by graphical matching observed water-levels to predicted water-levels. Using the parameter values from the earlier calibration effort as a starting point, a central composite design was developed and …

Development Vs. Conservation: The Future Of The African Elephant, Patty F. Storey

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Can The World Industrialization Project Be Sustained?, Isidor Wallimann

Program for the Advancement of Research on Conflict and Collaboration

No abstract provided.

Bulletin 4283 - Nitrogen Fertilisers For Cereal Production, M. G. Mason

Bulletins 4000 -

Because fertiliser prices are high, it is important to understand what affects the response to fertilisers by crops.

Among the many factors influencing crop response to nitrogen applications, the most important are the season, soil type, paddock history, time of application and source of nitrogen. Before deciding whether to use nitrogen on a cereal crop, which source to use and at what rate, you need some understanding of how these factors work.

Greatest responses to nitrogen fertilisers can be expected in areas with a relatively long growing season. In such areas light soils with a low nitrogen status give the …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 26. No. 1. March 1994

The Prairie Naturalist

FISH CATCHES WITH HOOP NETS OF TWO DESIGNS IN THE LARAMIE RIVER, WYOMING ▪ W. A. Hubert and T. M. Patton

LENGTH DISTRIBUTIONS OF NORTHERN PIKE CAUGHT IN FIVE GILL NET MESH SIZES ▪ R. M. Neumann and D. W. Willis

EVALUATION OF LARGEMOUTH BASS SLOT LENGTH LIMITS IN TWO SMALL SOUTH DAKOTA IMPOUNDMENTS ▪ R. M. Neumann, D. W. Willis, and D. D. Mann

POSSIBLE PREDATION OF A FORSTER'S TERN CHICK BY A SNAPPING TURTLE ▪ G. Fraser

SMALL MAMMAL DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCES IN THREE CENTRAL IOWA GRASSLAND HABITAT TYPES ▪ L. A. Hayslett and B. J. Danielson

SMALL …

Fundamental Principles Of Plant Pathology For Agricultural Producers, Paul C. Vincelli

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

All crop plants produced in Kentucky have the potential to become diseased under certain conditions. Diseases of crops can affect yield and/or quality of the harvested commodity. This can impact profitability and increase the risks of farming.

A plant is diseased when it is affected by some agent that interferes with its normal development. Some disorders are caused by noninfectious factors, such as temperature extremes or nutrient deficiencies. However, this publication focuses on diseases caused by infectious microorganisms.

Diseased plants exhibit a variety of symptoms. These can include stunting, yellowing, wilting, twisting, reddening, browning, blighting, root rot, fruit rot, …

Vol. 17 No. 1 (1994): Pacific Studies Full Issue, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Policy Considerations For Contraception In Wildlife Management, Wendy A. Sanborn, Robert H. Schmidt, Herbert C. Freeman

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Managing wildlife populations by manipulating their birth rates is a promising technology. However, the use of contraceptive technologies will involve the development of new wildlife management policies. We designed and implemented a survey that was intended to gather information on the range of perspectives of concerned publics on contraceptive use in wildlife management. There appears to be considerable confusion and mistrust regarding the application and appropriateness of this new technology. We recommend that promoters of contraception use in wildlife management be careful to explain what this new technology can and cannot do in order to avoid the pitfalls associated with …

Supplemental Bear Feeding Program In Western Washington, Georg J. Ziegltrum

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Black bear (Ursus americanus) damage to trees is a severe problem in the Pacific Northwest. Significant damage has been observed for many years, especially in highly managed private industrial forests in western Washington. The introduction of intensive silvicultural techniques resulted in higher yields, but may have also made trees more vulnerable to black bear destruction. Early lethal control efforts lost public support and the forest products industry investigated different methods that concentrated on non-lethal management tools. In 1985, the Washington Forest Protection Association introduced supplemental bear feeding as a damage prevention program in high damage areas during the …

Using Geographic Information Systems For Tracking An Urban Rodent Control Program, Matt Von Wahlde, Bruce A. Colvin

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Geographic information system technology is being used to help coordinate an urban rodent control program initiated as part of the Central Artery/Tunnel Project in Boston. Databases with neighborhood survey data, surface and subsurface baiting data, sanitation code violations, and public complaints are linked to base mapping, land parcel, and utility graphics. This integrated approach helps Project biologists plan control strategies and evaluate the relatedness of rodent activity to environmental conditions. Spatial querying techniques and the ability to graphically display and map variables, such as bait stations and sanitation deficiencies, help ensure that control resources are effectively targeted and tracked. This …

Registration Requirements For Non-Toxic Natural Products As Animal Damage Control Agents, Stephen A. Schumake

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Plant extracts, animal glandular secretions and excretions, and natural food flavoring agents are common sources of natural products that can be used in animal damage control applications. Such products can be used either by themselves (e.g., coyote urine as a rodent repellent), or in combination with other control agents (e.g., food odor or flavor enhancer at baiting sites). The Environmental Protection Agency registration requirements are described for a variety of potential applications of natural products including bird and rodent repellents. In some applications, the product chemistry or other data requirements could make the registration process prohibitive due to the cost …

Improving Aerial Control Of Possums By Precision Bait Delivery, David R. Morgan

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Aerial delivery of 1080 (sodium monofluoroacetate) baits is the main technique for reducing populations of New Zealand's foremost vertebrate pest, the Australian brushtail possum, in large areas of inaccesible country. Surveys after pilot-controlled aerial sowing of baits in seven operations in forests showed that inaccurate navigation along the swaths left up to half the target zone untreated. Kill was estimated to average 75 %. Inadequate coverage with baits was therefore believed to be a major factor in the survival of possums during aerial control operations. This was confirmed in field trials using rhodamine B as a biomarker to reveal acceptance …

Assessment Of Toxic Bait Efficacy In Field Trials By Counts Of Burrow Openings, S. Moran, H. Keidar

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

The Levant vole, Microtus guentheri, is a pest of most of the field crops in Israel. It lives in gallery systems, the openings of which are clearly visible, and is active above ground mainly at night. Its activity was assessed by plugging the burrow openings (holes) and, after three nights, counting the number of reopened holes. The efficacy of control by whole wheat toxic baits was determined by counting the number of reopened holes before and after the treatment in random squares. Three chemicals were tested: sodium fluoroacetate, zinc phosphide and brodifacoum. The bait was applied either by hand, …

Contracts And Registration Studies, Donald J. Elias, Ray T. Sterner, Peter J. Savarbe

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Public and governmental concerns about the health, safety, and environmental impacts of pesticides have led to increased regulatory requirements to determine the hazards and risks associated with their manufacture, distribution, and use. Vertebrate pesticides are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), as amended. Much of the data required for registration of these pesticides will be generated by commercial testing laboratories under contract to the product registrants or sponsors. In this paper, we address aspects of the contract research process including: 1) an overview of FIFRA requirements, 2) the nature …

Bear Relocations To Avoid Bear/Sheep Conflicts, Alan R. Armistead, Ken Mitchell, Guy E. Connolly

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Preventive relocation of black bears (Ursus americanus) was tried as an alternative to lethal removal of bears that attacked sheep in northeastern Oregon. Bears in likely problem areas or in close proximity to sheep bands were captured with culvert traps and moved to other ranges without sheep. Sixteen bears were relocated in 1990 and five in 1991 from areas where five damaging bears had been destroyed in 1989. The five bears relocated in 1991 were radio collared and monitored by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. None of them were involved in livestock depredations subsequent to relocation. Sheep losses …

Blurred Images: And The Future Of Wildlife Damage Management , Jack H. Berryman

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

The paper points out a number of perceptions that blur and damage the image of wildlife damage management and their importance to the future. Some of the reasons for the perceptions are suggested and a number of steps suggested to improve the public image. It concludes on a note of optimism for the future.

Resistance To The First And Second Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides-A New Perspective, A.P. Buckle, C.V. Prescott, K.J. Ward

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Warfarin resistance was first discovered among Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) populations in Scotland in 1958 and further reports of resistance, both in this species and in others, soon followed from other parts of Europe and the United States. Researchers quickly defined the practical impact of these resistance phenomena and developed robust methods by which to monitor their spread. These tasks were relatively simple because of the high degree of immunity to warfarin conferred by the resistance genes. Later, the second generation anticoagulants were introduced to control rodents resistant to the warfarin-like compounds, but resistance to difenacoum, bromadiolone and brodifacoum is …

An Evaluation Of Anti-Coyote Electric Fences, Robert C. Acorn, Michael J. Dorrance

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

We interviewed 21 sheep farmers and evaluated their electric fences to identify problems and determine efficacy of electric fences to prevent coyote (Canis latrans) predation. Modified woven wire fences and fences of 9 high-tensile smooth wires alternating charged and grounded were most effective in preventing coyote predation. The most serious problems in fence design and maintenance were a) bottom charged wire too high above ground level, b) wires spaced too far apart, and c) inadequate vegetation control.

Pyrolysis And Oxidation Reaction Of 1,2, Dichloroethylene In Ar; Ar And Ch4; Ar, Ch4 And O2 Mixtures, Byung Ik Park

Theses

The thermal reaction of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (DCEE) in methane and oxygen mixtures in Ar bath gas has been studied in 10.5 mm I.D. tubular flow quartz reactors at I atmosphere pressure, isothermal temperature between 575°C and 1000°C, and times of 0.3 to 2.0 seconds.

The thermal reaction of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene in the gas phase proceeds via unimolecular HCI elimination under the reaction condition of the present experiments. The chain branching C-Cl bond fission reaction is expected to become important at the higher temperature, competing With the HCI elimination.

The decay trans- 1,2- dichloroethylene, intermediates and final product distributions varied in the absence …

Study Of The Leaching Of Pentachlorophenol From Treated Utility Poles, Jingyi Zhang

Theses

Pentachlorophenol ( PCP ) has been used as a preservative in wood industry over 40 years. If new regulations are passed, the disposal of used treated utility poles in landfills could be restricted because of the toxic properties of PCP. This study was undertaken to provide a better understanding of the rates and mechanisms of leaching of PCP from these poles.

Following the initial analytical method development for PCP determination, a study was done to apply and validate the method in a leaching characteristics study of PCP from Douglas Fir and Southern Pine.

The major factors which influence the leaching …

Virgilian (Upper Pennsylvanian) Paleosols In The Upper Lawrence Formation (Douglas Group) And In The Snyderville Shale Member (Shawnee Group, Oread Formation) Of The Northern Midcontinent, U.S.A., R. M. Joeckel

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Size Distribution And Scattering Phase Function Of Aerosol Particles Retrieved From Sky Brightness Measurements, Y. J. Kaufman, A. A. Gitelson, A. Karnieli, E. Ganor, R. S. Fraser, T. Nakajima, S. Mattoo, B. N. Holben

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Ground-based measurements of the solar transmission and sky radiance in a horizontal plane through the Sun are taken in several geographical regions and aerosol types: dust in a desert transition zone in Israel, sulfate particles in Eastern and Western Europe, tropical aerosol in Brazil, and mixed continental/maritime aerosol in California. Stratospheric aerosol was introduced after the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in June 1991. Therefore measurements taken before the eruption are used to analyze the properties of tropospheric aerosol; measurements from 1992 are also used to detect the particle size and concentration of stratospheric aerosol. The measurements are used to retrieve …

A River Ran Through It... : The Cultural Ecology Of The Santa Clara Valley Riparian Zone, Erin M. Reilly

Research Manuscript Series

This study addresses the nature of human interaction with the riparian environment in the Santa Clara Valley over time. This is not a new anthropological theme. Literature dates to 1863 The Earth as Modified by Human Action, by George P. Marsh); cultural ecologist Betty J Meggars stated: "The relationship- of culture to environment is one of the oldest problems in the science of anthropology ... "(Meggars, 1968:19); and, anthropologist Alfred Kroeber said: "no culture is wholly intelligible without reference to the nonculture, or so-called environmental factors with which it is in relation and which condition it "(Kroeber 1906:297).

Along these …

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 30, Winter Issue, Jan. 1994, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

Resonance Raman Investigation Of The Radical Cation Of 1,3,5-Hexatriene, Tamas Keszthelyi, Robert Wilbrandt, Robert J. Cave, Jenifer L. Johnson

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

The resonance Raman spectrum of the 1,3,5-hexatriene radical cation generated by v-irradiation in a Freon glass is reported. The spectrum is excited at 395 nm in resonance with the second absorption band. Identical spectra are obtained from ionized (E)- and (Z)-1,3,5-hexatriene. The presence of more than one rotamer has to be assumed to account for all the observed resonance Raman bands. The bands are assigned to a mixture of the two rotamers, calculated at lowest energy, the ttt an tct rotamers, on the basis of ab initio ROHF/6-31G calculated harmonic frequencies. The spectrum indicates that …

The Evolving "Takings" Doctrine: The Supreme Court Poses A Challenge For Coastal Zone Management, Catherine L. Chase

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

There is an increasingly powerful and vocal group coalescing in society today, sometimes described as anti-environmentalists or Property Firsters, who feel that the government has exceeded its authority in interfering with individual rights for the purpose of protecting natural resources. Regardless of any personal convictions regarding this often emotionally-charged issue, people involved in coastal management and planning should be aware of the changes in legal doctrines which have come about as a result of "property first" challenges to regulatory or zoning statutes. These challenges have been pursued successfully in the courts by characterizing state and local land use ordinances as …

Incorporating Local Community Attitudes, Beliefs And Values, Into Coastal Zone Management Solutions: A Case Study Samana Bay, Dominican Republic, Jennifer Mccann

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this research is to identify the attitudes, beliefs and values of the local Samana people concerning the Samana Bay marine resources and then integrate these results into suggestions for improving coastal zone management. This information will be of use for project development by the Washington, D.C. based non-profit organization the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC) and the Dominican non-profit organization Center for the Conservation and Eco Development for Samana Bay and its Surroundings (CEBSE) as well as for the regional biosphere reserve management plan. The first objective of the research is to provide a socioeconomic description of …