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Abstracts Of The Papers Presented At The Asce Hydraulics Division 17th Annual Specialty Conference, J. J. Leendertse, Robert P. Shubinski, E. L. Bourodimos, Calvin G. Clyde, Harl E. Judd, Dean F. Peterson, Roland W. Jeppson, James H. Milligan

Reports

No abstract provided.

History Of The State Vermin Barrier Fences, Formerly Known As Rabbit Proof Fences, J S. Crawford

Research Reports

There is evidence of rabbits arriving in Australia as far back as 1788, and it is well known that others were liberated on islands around the coast, including some off the coast of Western Australia. However, they remained localised and it is now generally accepted that the rabbits which did spread originated from a small shipment of the wild type brought on the Clipper “Lightning” in 1859. They were released on “Barwon Park”, the property of Thomas Austin, near Geelong in Victoria, and within three years, had reached pest proportions

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 1, No.4. December 1969

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITORIAL: Restoring Beauty to the Human Environment ▪ Paul B. Kannowski

A REQUIEM FOR THE PRAIRIE ▪ Hugh H. Iltis

BIRDING IN MY BACK YARD ▪ Mrs. George A. Anderson

OCCURRENCE OF THE CECROPIA AND ROCKY MOUNTAIN SILK MOTHS IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ James Oberfoell

Bulletin No 3609 - Land Development In The South Eastern Wheatbelt, G T. Halpin, P. Nelson

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Interest in the development of light lands in the south-eastern wheatbelt was spurred by the many ex-servicemen seeking farms after the 1939-45 World War.

Previous attempts to develop this area had been frustrated by poor crop yields, and by the poor carrying capacity of those volunteer pastures which developed on cleared land.

Research into reasons for the poor crop results was begun in 1948-49 with trials sown by Messrs Smith and Halpin between Borden and Lake Grace. The results clearly showed the important role played by copper and zinc in successful crop growth. Since then, field trials have been conducted …

Biological Studies Of Selected Reaches And Tributaries Of The Colorado River, Nelson Thomas, Federal Water Pollution Control Administration

Publications (WR)

This report fulfills the request of the Colorado River Basin Project, Denver, Colorado, to determine the effects of municipal and industrial wastes on the aquatic life in selected waters of the Colorado River Basin. These studies were conducted with the assistance of personnel from the Colorado River Basin Project.

Federal Labeling Standards For Economic Poisons, Paul M. Ochs

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pesticide Regulation Division, has the responsibility of administering the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act of 1947 as amended. The Act encompasses any substance or mixture of substances intended for "preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any insects, rodents or any other vertebrate animals, nematodes, fungi, weeds, and any other forms of plants or animal life or viruses," except viruses on or in living man or other animals. These products must be registered if they are to be marketed or shipped in interstate commerce, imported or exported, or sold in the District of Columbia or any …

Status Of Starlicide, Philip J. Spear

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Starlicide is described as a slow-acting avicide for the control of starlings and blackbirds around livestock and poultry operations. The active ingredient is 3 -chloro-p-toluidine hydrochloride which has been identified by the Denver Re-search Center of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as DRC-1339. A casual review of information about this bird control material suggests the following paradoxes: The use of the chemical in bird control appears to be covered by a patent, but the licensor wishes to remain anonymous. The licensee, which produces and sells the commercial material, seems unwilling to discuss the product. Let me hasten to point …

Bird Control Under A State Fish And Game Permit System, James Shepard

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I guess the impetus for laws in our state, really was the action of the city of Boston in 1963, when the Parks and Recreation Department felt that it was time to do something about massive populations of pigeons on the Boston Commons and in the city. The Parks Department came to our agency to find out what could be done. We immediately found as a result of a reorganization and recodification of the laws some 20 years before, that it was illegal to use or apply poisons for the purpose of killing any birds or mammals in the Commonwealth …

Cooperation Between Pest Control Operators And Regulatory Authorities, Robert M. Russell

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

When Dr. Jackson called me to speak on the rights of the individual I told him he probably had the wrong person because I am an individual and I believe my company is an organization very prone to say "what is, is and you've got to go on with it." If I'd have heard some of the talks here today before he called me, I wouldn't be here at all, because I'm not sure what individual rights there are left! So let me change this thing around a little bit and state that instead of speaking of the rights of …

Drc-1339 In Feedlots, John W. Degrazio

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Since 1960, the Denver Wildlife Research Center has been investigating methods of controlling starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) at livestock feedlots. One chemical developed at the Denver Center is a slow-acting avicide, DRC-1339 (3-chloro-p-toluidine); it is well accepted and highly toxic to starlings, generally less toxic to other birds, and relatively nontoxic to mammals. It possesses no secondary hazard to avian and mammalian predators. A Cooper's hawk (Accipiter cooperii), a marsh hawk (Circus cyaneus), and a sparrow hawk (Falco sparverius) subsisted on field-killed DRC-1339 starlings for 3- and 4-month periods with no ill effects. In our tests, poultry pellets (Purina Layena Checkers') …

Costs Of New Materials: The Manufacturer's Dilemma, Dan Macdougall

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I thought it was possible that some of you might not be acquainted with some of the frustrations which are involved in jousting with the bureaucracy in Washington. So I thought I would review that situation very briefly for you, particularly in regard to the compound Queletox. We will confess that we had some real qualms about accepting this material for control as a bird toxicant initially. And the reasons we were concerned about this were because the compound was being used in other areas as an agricultural chemical. It was registered for mosquito control, and it was being used …

New Materials For Bird Control, John W. Degrazio, Philip J. Spear

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

A variety of methods is necessary to solve the many bird damage problems that occur in agriculture and other fields of interest. It is apparent that no one method can be used to provide answers for all damage situations; each problem and problem area is unique and requires thorough knowledge and investigation before intelligent measures of bird control can be applied. Thus, basic research in the laboratory and initial field studies are necessary to arrive at the most safe, efficient, and economical method of bird damage control possible for each situa-tion. The use of chemicals for damage control is one …

Bait And Bait Materials, Fred R. Courtsal

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I'm going to speak about bird baits that are produced by the rodent-control fund. In my estimation, there are about six criteria for mixing good, high quality bait materials. The first one would be a toxicant. This is the first thing people talk or think about. I would assume that you would select a toxicant that has the quality to do the intended job. The second point is the sticker. So our criteria for a sticker are as follows: good adhering qualities, good spreading qualities (by this I mean if you introduce the toxicant into a sticker as is often …

Roost Treatments Using 3-Chloro P-Toluidine Hydrochloride, Robert Schwab

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Pest birds cause serious damage to agricultural crops in most situations only when the number of individuals is very high. Often, large populations of avian pest species spend the hours of darkness congregated in roosts where they become vulnerable to certain control methods. Such is the case in California where certain pest species, particularity starlings and blackbirds, can often be found roosting in cattail-tule marshes. From these relatively concentrated populations the birds disperse to cause in some, but not all, cases of serious damage to certain agricultural crops. The obvious disadvantage resulting from the tendency of these birds to concentrate …

Utility Of Pyrotechnics In Bird Control, John R. Beck

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The balanced approach is essential for the proposed application of control methods for birds. The essential ingredients in a balanced approach are knowledge of the environment, both animal, plant and human; reasonable experience in the solution of biological problems; and an awareness of the possible solutions available. After these problems' qualifying ingredients have been met, the control specialist or investigator may apply the tool of choice. In most instances he will have selected alternatives available to himself. In the selection of the tool of choice and alternative methods, the cost of time, labor, materials and equipment, the need or purpose …

Chemosterilants And Bird Control, M. R. Woulfe

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The total scope of chemosterilants is very wide so I will comment only on the pigeon chemosterilant developed by G.D. Searle & Co. and then briefly on the role of chemosterilants, generally, in bird control. Searle's ORNITROL (SC-12937, azacosterol) is a chemosterilant which in-hibits reproduction in the pigeon and is to be used as a means of controlling pigeon populations. It is fed as a treated whole corn bait (0.1%) for a period of ten days and inhibits reproduction for about six months. We recommend treat-ment in the early spring just before the onset of the peak reproduction season to …

Birds, Encephalitis, And Ectoparasites, Margaret A. Parsons

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Encephalitis or "inflammation of the brain" is a general term applied to a disorder which may have many causes. Usually this disorder is caused by a virus but it may also be produced by other types of micro-organisms. Encephalitis may also occur after an initial infection with mumps, measles and other childhood diseases, or following a vaccination, or as a result of a non-infectious process such as poisoning. Since encephalitis affects the brain, which in turn controls all body functions, encephalitis from any cause can show symptoms of general illness throughout the body such as headache, nausea and vomiting, fever, …

Status Of Bio-Sonics In Pest Bird Control, Gordon W. Boudreau

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Bioacoustics is defined as the study of biologically significant sounds ori-ginated by animals, and the mechanisms which produce and receive these sounds. Many of these sounds are audible to the human ear but some are above the human hearing range and fall into the ultrasonics class. There are sounds used by animals which are near or below the normal human hearing range in pitch, as in certain fish. Bioacoustics comprises a broad field of investigation and is an area which has only recently been explored. Improvements in electronic audio equipment have provided the impetus which launched recent bioacoustical investigations and …

Daily And Seasonal Susceptibility Cycles Of The Starling, Robert G. Schwab

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I would like to review a few of the characteristics of 3-chloro-p-toluidine hydrochloride (DRC-1339) prior to discussion on the daily and seasonal suscep-tibility of starlings to this avicide. DRC-1339 was screened and developed by the Denver Research Center (U.S.D.I.) and since has been tested in various portions of the country by the Denver Center and other organizations, including the State of California. In California we are much impressed with this compound for a variety of reasons, particularly the specificity of it to birds, ease in handling, ease in formulation, and many other characteristics which make this a highly desirable avicide. …

The Role Of Fda In Environmental Contamination And Surveillance , Clifford Shane

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The Food & Drug Administration is concerned about birds in two areas. One is the direct contamination of foods, drugs and cosmetics by birds and the other is the possible contamination of these products by the chemicals used to control birds. Since its conception, the Food & Drug Administration has been concerned about the contamination of foodstuffs by birds. Like all animals, they have both their good and bad points. The one bad point is that they are carriers of certain diseases. In addition, the consumer of today is not ready to accept products which have been contaminated by fecal …

Sodium Fluoride In Feedlot Starling Control, James Steckel

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I'm going to talk about the toxicant, sodium fluoride. This, of course, is not new to anybody who's been in the pest control business. It's very common and is a material that is readily available to industry wherever you might be— sodium fluoride, NaF. Sodium fluoride was a material used in veterinary practice in its early days as a worming agent. When the first problems developed with the swine feeders, particularly with TGE (transmissible gastroenteritis), they were needing a toxicant that they could use to control the birds that were stealing feed out of the food bunkers and leaving their …

Orchard Bird Control With Decoy Traps, Bill Shake

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

crops. With one method, we tried to see if we could reduce redwinged blackbird damage to corn. We put up the larger traps-25 x 50 or 50 x 100 feet-near corn fields that were being heavily hit or next to marshes where birds are roosting. Although we captured thousands of birds and destroyed them, we were working with such large numbers of birds that we found it was actually like pouring sand effect at all in reducing damage to corn. Also it's not an efficient method in this type of a situation; it takes a lot of time to tend …

Pest Birds And Modern Architecture, Michael W. Fall, David E. Schneider

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

We are offering some remarks on what the entomologist would call the areas of cultural control. Our interest in this approach developed out of a series of information discussions we've had concerning regional planning pro-grams at Penn State. Our ideas on the applications of this to bird management are not well developed; we'd be happy to hear your suggestions and comments. The ideas of cultural control are not new and are only one of many approaches. But perhaps we are reaching a stage of public concern about bird problems and about environmental contamination which make the climate for long range …

Registered Participants: Fourth Bird Control Seminar, 1968

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Names & addresses of 82 participants.

Keep your city clean: Eat a Pigeon

Presession Seminar On Blackbird Problems, Tom Stockdale

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I'd like to open with a very brief discussion, then call on some selected people with whom I've corresponded earlier, and ask if they will discuss a particular aspect of this total bird problem. I've asked that they keep their comments from three to five minutes. Trying to break the total problem down into its several facets we came up with six arbitrary subtopics. For want of better terms I've called these: population census techniques, chemical repellants, sonic repellants, wetting agents, lethal control techni-ques, and damage evaluation. Your particular problem in your area may be slightly different than in other …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 1, No. 3. September, 1969

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITORIAL: A VOICE FOR CONSERVATION ▪ Paul B. Kannowski

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA—1968 ▪ Robert N. Randall

SOME ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS AND PROPOSED SOLUTIONS ▪ Laurence R. Jahn

SOME PLANTS OF WESTERN MINNESOTA ▪ O. A. Stevens

MORTALITY OF MIGRATORY BIRDS AT GRAND FORKS, NORTH DAKOTA FOLLOWING A MOSQUITO CONTROL OPERATION IN MAY, 1969 ▪ Robert W. Seabloom, Lewis W. Oring and James R. Reilly

NESTING OF THE UPLAND PLOVER ON THE MISSOURI COTEAU ▪ K. F. Higgins, H. F. Duebbert and R. B. Oetting

NOTE

Albino sparrows discovered at Hazen, North Dakota ▪ Larry L. Kruckenberg and …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 1. No.1. March 1968

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITORIAL: Another Milestone ▪ John T. Lokemoen

NESTING OF THE COMMON SNIPE IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Robert E. Stewart and Harold A. Kantrud

SCIENCE WRITING — A PROBLEM ▪ Soren O. Kolstoe

INSECTICIDES: A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD ▪ Richard D. Urban

NOTES

Why I like the Badlands ▪ Wayne Hecker

White-faced ibis in McIntosh County, North Dakota ▪ Harold F. Duebbert

Cinnamon teal observations in North Dakota ▪ A. T. Klett and John T. Lokemoen

Trumpeter swan in Kidder County, North Dakota ▪ Lewis M. Cowardin and James C. Bartonek

Specimen records of greater scaup ▪ Charles W. Dane and Harold …

Agroclimatic Calendar For Nebraska, R. E. Neild

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Crops are planted so growth, development and harvest correspond closely to the season most favorable for yield and quality. With exception of fall-seeded small grains and some forages, most Nebraska crops are planted in the spring when temperature and precipitation are increasing.

Problems Of Pollution: Benefits, Risks And Regulations, Richard E. Pogue, Dean E. Abrahamson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The growing concern of the scientific community and informed segments of the public about the proliferation of untested nuclear power plants demands further evaluation of their environmental impact before irrevocable decisions are mode. This paper considers the problem of low-level radioactive wastes controllable at the source. A brief background is given of the governmental agencies concerned with radiation monitoring and protection. The underlying philosophy behind radiation protection and the guidelines for putting this philosophy into practice are considered. The risk implicit in these guidelines is assessed in terms of the expected increased incidence of specific injuries to human populations.

Biological Aspects Of Heat Pollution, Theodore Olson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The importance of temperature as an environmental factor has long been recognized by the ecologist, and its special impact upon the aquatic ecosystem has been of interest to aquatic biologists since they first began to observe interactions between living things and the physical environment. Interest in water temperatures as an environmental factor has recently become more widespread; and one aspect of the phenomenon, namely "thermal pollution," has attracted special attention.