Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Engineering

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 961 - 990 of 196370

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

A Study Of The Effect Of Starch Content On The Water Absorption Of Pva/Starch Blends, Bushra H. Musa, Nahida J. Hameed Jul 2026

A Study Of The Effect Of Starch Content On The Water Absorption Of Pva/Starch Blends, Bushra H. Musa, Nahida J. Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present work aims to study physical tests such as the water absorption tests of PVA; PVA/corn starch blends at different mass percent (25, 30, 35, 40, and 50%) of corn starch after immersion in distilled water for ten minutes. The blends were also characterized by FTIR analysis, and an optical microscope. Casting method used to prepare samples. The results of water absorption exhibited that the weight losses of the sample increases the starch content rises in the PVA matrix. Also, it was found the highest value of the swelling ratio % at (50% PVA /50% Starch) blend, while minimum …

Go to article

Fracture Toughness Of Glass Infiltrated (3y-Tzp/Al2o3) Composite, Sara N. Ibrahim, Shihab A. Zaidan, Mudhafar A. Mohammed Jul 2026

Fracture Toughness Of Glass Infiltrated (3y-Tzp/Al2o3) Composite, Sara N. Ibrahim, Shihab A. Zaidan, Mudhafar A. Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Five different 3 mol.% yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystals/alumina (3Y-TZP/Al2O3) -glass specimens have been fabricated by the glass infiltration method. graphite additives were added to the (3Y-TZP/20Wt.%Al2O3) to obtain porous structure. The ATZ (Alumina Toughened Zirconia) skeleton have prepared by the normal compaction method. The specimen had been infiltrated by the glass (18Wt.% lithium hydroxide, 72 wt. % feldspar, and 10Wt.% nano Titanium oxide) at 1185ᵒC. Results showed that the porosity of (3Y-TZP/Al2O3) composite was increased while bulk density decreased with increasing graphite additives. The elastic modulus of (3Y-TZP/Al2O3)-glass was decreased (159-109GPa) with increasing the amount of glass infiltrated. Hardness was constant …

Go to article

Age Estimation In Short Speech Utterances Based On Bidirectional Gated-Recurrent Neural Networks, Ameer A. Badr, Alia K. Abdul-Hassan Jul 2026

Age Estimation In Short Speech Utterances Based On Bidirectional Gated-Recurrent Neural Networks, Ameer A. Badr, Alia K. Abdul-Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently, age estimates from speech have received growing interest as they are important for many applications like custom call routing, targeted marketing, or user-profiling. In this work, an automatic system to estimate age in short speech utterances without depending on the text is proposed. From each utterance frame, four groups of features are extracted and then 10 statistical functionals are measured for each extracted dimension of the features, to be followed by dimensionality reduction using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Finally, bidirectional Gated-Recurrent Neural Networks (G- RNNs) are used to predict speaker age. Experiments are conducted on the VoxCeleb1 dataset to …

Go to article

A New Hybrid Technique For Face Identification Based On Facial Parts Moments Descriptors, Shaymaa M. Hamandi, Abdul Monem S. Rahma, Rehab F. Hassan Jul 2026

A New Hybrid Technique For Face Identification Based On Facial Parts Moments Descriptors, Shaymaa M. Hamandi, Abdul Monem S. Rahma, Rehab F. Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Robust facial feature extraction is an effective and important process for face recognition and identification system. The facial features should be invariant to scaling, translation, illumination and rotation, several feature extraction techniques may be used to increase the recognition accuracy. This paper inspects three-moment invariants techniques and then determines how is influenced by the variation which may happen to the various shapes of the face (globally and locally) Globally means the whole face shapes and locally means face part's shape (right eye, left eye, mouth, and nose). The proposed technique is tested using CARL database images. The proposal method of …

Go to article

License Plate Tilt Correction: A Review, Nada N. Kamal, Enas Tariq Jul 2026

License Plate Tilt Correction: A Review, Nada N. Kamal, Enas Tariq

Engineering and Technology Journal

Tilt correction is an essential step in the license plate recognition system (LPR). The main goal of this article is to provide a review of the various methods that are presented in the literature and used to correct different types of tilt that appear in the digital image of the license plates (LP). This theoretical survey will enable the researchers to have an overview of the available implemented tilt detection and correction algorithms. That’s how this review will simplify for the researchers the choice to determine which of the available rotation correction and detection algorithms to implement while designing their …

Go to article

The Effect Of The Number Of Key-Frames On The Facial Emotion Recognition Accuracy, Suhaila N. Mohammed, Alia K. Abdul Hassan Jul 2026

The Effect Of The Number Of Key-Frames On The Facial Emotion Recognition Accuracy, Suhaila N. Mohammed, Alia K. Abdul Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Key-frame selection plays an important role in facial expression recognition systems. It helps in selecting the most representative frames that capture the different poses of the face. The effect of the number of selected keyframes has been studied in this paper to find its impact on the final accuracy of the emotion recognition system. Dynamic and static information is employed to select the most effective key-frames of the facial video with a short response time. Firstly, the absolute difference between the successive frames is used to reduce the number of frames and select the candidate ones which then contribute to …

Go to article

Influence Of Foaming Agent Type On The Behavior Of Foamed Concrete, Ruqaya F. Hamada, Awham M. Hameed Jul 2026

Influence Of Foaming Agent Type On The Behavior Of Foamed Concrete, Ruqaya F. Hamada, Awham M. Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work the desired aim is to study the effect of two various sorts of a foaming agents on the properties of foamed concrete to obtain high quality with a target density is nearly 1600 kg/m3. The standard samples were designed by employing two types of foam agent (FA), the first one is commercially named (EABSSOC foam agent, FA) while the second is the foam of detergent liquid (D) which known (Fairy). The results showed that the FA sample records the lower bulk density compared to the other types. The perfect mix which involved 1wt.% of (D) had higher …

Go to article

Using Texture Feature In Fruit Classification, Mauj H. Abd Al Karim, Abdulamir A. Karim Jul 2026

Using Texture Feature In Fruit Classification, Mauj H. Abd Al Karim, Abdulamir A. Karim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recent advances in computer vision have allowed wide-ranging applications in every area of life. One such area of application is the classification of fresh products, but the classification of fruits and vegetables has proven to be a complex problem and needs further development. In recent years, various machine learning techniques have been exploited with many methods of describing the different features of fruit and vegetable classification in many real-life applications. Classification of fruits and vegetables presents significant challenges due to similarities between layers and irregular characteristics within the class.Hence , in this work, three feature extractor/ descriptor which are local …

Go to article

Motion Estimation For Gray Level Videos Using Different Block Matching Algorithms, Tareq Z. Hammood, Matheel E. Abdulmunim Jul 2026

Motion Estimation For Gray Level Videos Using Different Block Matching Algorithms, Tareq Z. Hammood, Matheel E. Abdulmunim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Motion Estimation (ME) is a very important operation in video coding. In order to reduce complexity of computations involved in ME and to increase quality of this process, many Block Matching Motion Estimation (BMME) Algorithms are proposed. The aim of this paper is to compare between these algorithms and find the best one. Seven BMME algorithms are used in this paper. The performance of each algorithm is evaluated for different types of motion to determine the best one of these algorithms. The evaluation is based on search points, and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). The simulation shows that Hexagonal …

Go to article

Analysis And Implementation Of Kerberos Protocol In Hybrid Cloud Computing Environments, Turkan A. Khaleel Jul 2026

Analysis And Implementation Of Kerberos Protocol In Hybrid Cloud Computing Environments, Turkan A. Khaleel

Engineering and Technology Journal

The concept of cloud computing has recently changed how hardware, software, and information are handled. However, security challenges and credibility requirements have never changed and may have increased. Protecting cloud computing and providing security for its resources and users is one of the critical challenges. As a result, most users are afraid to use their resources, because many security problems must be met. For example, authentication and reliability are major security constraints and must be provided in a cloud computing environment. There is a wide range of authentication protocols in use, but the researcher has recommended the Kerberos protocol to …

Go to article

Speaker Recognition Systems In The Last Decade – A Survey, Ahmed M. Ahmed, Aliaa K. Hassan Jul 2026

Speaker Recognition Systems In The Last Decade – A Survey, Ahmed M. Ahmed, Aliaa K. Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Speaker Recognition Defined by the process of recognizing a person by his\her voice through specific features that extract from his\her voice signal. An Automatic Speaker recognition (ASP) is a biometric authentication system. In the last decade, many advances in the speaker recognition field have been attained, along with many techniques in feature extraction and modeling phases. In this paper, we present an overview of the most recent works in ASP technology. The study makes an effort to discuss several modeling ASP techniques like Gaussian Mixture Model GMM, Vector Quantization (VQ), and Clustering Algorithms. Also, several feature extraction techniques like Linear …

Go to article

Determination Efficient Classification Algorithm For Credit Card Owners: Comparative Study, Raghad A. Azeez Jul 2026

Determination Efficient Classification Algorithm For Credit Card Owners: Comparative Study, Raghad A. Azeez

Engineering and Technology Journal

Today in the business world, significant loss can happen when the borrowers ignore paying their loans. Convenient credit-risk management represents a necessity for lending institutions. In most times, some persons prefer to late their monthly payments, otherwise, they may face difficulties in the loan payment process to the financial institution. Mainly, most fiscal organizations are considered managed and refined client classification systems, scanning a valid client from invalid ones. This paper produces the data mining idea, specifically the classification technique of data mining and builds a system of data mining process structure. The credit scoring problem will be applied using …

Go to article

Eye Diseases Classification Using Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network, Hanaa M. Ahmed, Shrooq R. Hameed Jul 2026

Eye Diseases Classification Using Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network, Hanaa M. Ahmed, Shrooq R. Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

A human eye is a vital organ responsible for a person's vision. So, the early detection of eye diseases is essential. The objective of this paper deals with diagnosing of seven different external eye diseases that can be recognized by a human eye. These diseases cause problems either in eye pupil, in sclera of eye or in both or in eyelid. Color histogram and texture features extraction techniques with classification technique are used to achieve the goal of diagnosing external eye diseases. Hue Min Max Diff (HMMD) color space is used to extract color histogram and texture features which were …

Go to article

A Proposed Speaker Recognition Method Based On Long-Term Voice Features And Fuzzy Logic, Iman H. Hadi, Alia K. Abdul-Hassan Jul 2026

A Proposed Speaker Recognition Method Based On Long-Term Voice Features And Fuzzy Logic, Iman H. Hadi, Alia K. Abdul-Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Speaker recognition depends on specific predefined steps. The most important steps are feature extraction and features matching. In addition, the category of the speaker voice features has an impact on the recognition process. The proposed speaker recognition makes use of biometric (voice) attributes to recognize the identity of the speaker. The long-term features were used such that maximum frequency, pitch and zero crossing rate (ZCR). In features matching step, the fuzzy inner product was used between feature vectors to compute the matching value between a claimed speaker voice utterance and test voice utterances. The experiments implemented using (ELSDSR) data set. …

Go to article

Strength Analysis Of An Aircraft Sandwich Structure With A Honeycomb Core: Theoretical And Experimental Approaches, Sadiq E. Sadiq, Muhsin J. Jweeg, Sadeq H. Bakhy Jul 2026

Strength Analysis Of An Aircraft Sandwich Structure With A Honeycomb Core: Theoretical And Experimental Approaches, Sadiq E. Sadiq, Muhsin J. Jweeg, Sadeq H. Bakhy

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, the strength of aircraft sandwich structure with honeycombcore under bending load was evaluated theoretically and experimentallybased on failure mode maps. A failure mode map for the loading underthree-point bending was constructed theoretically to specify the failuremodes and corresponding load. Three point bending test for aluminumhoneycomb sandwich beam has been achieved to measure the peak loadand maximum deflection. The obtained results elucidated a goodagreement between the theoretical solutions and experimental tests, wherethe error ratio was not exceeded 12%. The core height, the cell size andthe cell wall thickness were selected to explore the effect of honeycombparameters on the …

Go to article

Assessing The Performance Of The Evacuated Tube Solar Collector Using Smart Curtain Through (Pso Based Pid) Controller And Nano Fluids, Hosham S.Anead, Khalid F. Sultan, Sura Abdul Jabbar Jul 2026

Assessing The Performance Of The Evacuated Tube Solar Collector Using Smart Curtain Through (Pso Based Pid) Controller And Nano Fluids, Hosham S.Anead, Khalid F. Sultan, Sura Abdul Jabbar

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research revealed control on Nano fluid temperature in the evacuated tube solar collector system, where Nano fluids used in ETSC as working fluid to increase heating system thermal efficiency. Smart curtain was used to shadow the evacuated tube solar collector and to control the temperature of the Nano fluid in heating or cooling condition which is moved by the stepper motor which is programmed to move through the Arduino board using an artificial intelligence method such as (PSO based PID) controller method . Where the curtain's main idea is to control the polarization of the sun's radiation, the work …

Go to article

Treatment Of Iraqi Municipal Wastewater By Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor Uasb, Khairi R. Kalash, Majid A. Dixon, Hussein Ir. Sultan, Raad A. Ali Jul 2026

Treatment Of Iraqi Municipal Wastewater By Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor Uasb, Khairi R. Kalash, Majid A. Dixon, Hussein Ir. Sultan, Raad A. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket “UASB” reactor treated effluent wastewater to investigate the process performance on a pilot plant scale. Municipal wastewater at high and medium strength with different organic load rate OLR (0.6-9) kg COD m-3day-1 with the flow of 20 l/h, up-flow velocity 0.4 m/h, hydraulic retention time HRT 9 h at a temperature of (20-30 ºC) was evaluated. The wastewater concentration, including TSS, COD was measured, and the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid TSS were calculated and summarized as 45-85% and 70-75%, respectively, depending on organic load rate …

Go to article

A Brief Survey On Modern Iris Feature Extraction Methods, Hanaa M. Ahmed, Mohammed A. Taha Jul 2026

A Brief Survey On Modern Iris Feature Extraction Methods, Hanaa M. Ahmed, Mohammed A. Taha

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents a survey of some of the most recent research work on the extraction phase of the Iris recognition system. Iris biometric system has been used for person recognition in wide applications where person identity authentication required for its stability and uniqueness as compared to other biometric systems. Iris based recognition systems consist of stages are Iris localization, normalization, feature extraction, and matching. The extraction of features influences the precision and reliability of the biometric system, so several methods have been used.

Go to article

Effect Of Pulse Electric Field On Water Characteristics As A Disinfection Function In Filtration Unit, Ghassan Abukhanafer, Alaa H. Al-Fatlawi, Hassan H. Joni Jul 2026

Effect Of Pulse Electric Field On Water Characteristics As A Disinfection Function In Filtration Unit, Ghassan Abukhanafer, Alaa H. Al-Fatlawi, Hassan H. Joni

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper studied the impact of the addition of pulse electric-filed low voltage (PEF-LV) in the filtration process by designing, constructing, and operating a pilot-scale. The Disinfectant process (DP) demonstrated several benefits in terms of efficiency and ease of application, without the use of any chemical additive. This system contains two pairs of silver mesh electrodes inside the filtration column test with a low pulse voltage for killing microorganisms. The parametric effects of DP performance, such as alternating current pulse frequency and the voltage applied were investigated. The effect of PEF-LV on the biological, physical, and chemical characteristic of water …

Go to article

Influence Of Microfibers Additive On The Self-Healing Performance Of Mass Concrete, Alaa Z. Dahesh, Farhad M. Othman, Alaa A. Abdul-Hamead Jul 2026

Influence Of Microfibers Additive On The Self-Healing Performance Of Mass Concrete, Alaa Z. Dahesh, Farhad M. Othman, Alaa A. Abdul-Hamead

Engineering and Technology Journal

Because cracks are the main problem of mass concrete, this paper investigates an experimental study on the effect of polypropylene microfiber (PPMFs) on self -repair behavior of mass concrete, through study the microstructure, workability, physical, and mechanical properties of mass concrete. PPMFs with a diameter of 18 μm add in different percentages (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5) % of cement weight. Where the prepared mixture ratio was (1:2:4.8) and the water-cement ratio (W/C) was 0.4. Also, 0.6% of Superplasticizer (SP) % of cement weight to all concrete mixtures was added. In this study, an SEM analysis used to observe the …

Go to article

Parametric Study On Buckling Behavior Of Aluminum Alloy Thin-Walled Lipped Channel Beam With Perforations Subjected To Combined Loading, Dalya S. Khazaal, Hussein M. Al-Khafaji, Imad A. Abdulsahib Jul 2026

Parametric Study On Buckling Behavior Of Aluminum Alloy Thin-Walled Lipped Channel Beam With Perforations Subjected To Combined Loading, Dalya S. Khazaal, Hussein M. Al-Khafaji, Imad A. Abdulsahib

Engineering and Technology Journal

The objective of the research presented in this paper is to investigate the buckling behavior of a perforated thin-walled lipped channel beam subjected to combined load. A nonlinear finite element method was used to analyze the buckling behavior of the beam. Experimental tests were made to validate the finite element simulation. Three factors with three levels for each factor were chosen to examine their influence on the buckling behavior of the beam and these factors are: the shape of holes, opening ratio and the spacing ratio of . The finite elements outcome was analyzed by using Taguchi method to identify …

Go to article

Thermal Investigations Of Double Pass Solar Air Heater With Two Types Of Porous Media Of Different Thermal Conductivity, Jalal M. Jalil, Shrooq J. Ali Jul 2026

Thermal Investigations Of Double Pass Solar Air Heater With Two Types Of Porous Media Of Different Thermal Conductivity, Jalal M. Jalil, Shrooq J. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study describes an experimental investigation of the thermal efficiency of stainless steel mesh and steel wool as a porous medium in the lower channel of a double pass solar air heater. An experimental setup was planned and developed. Various types of porous media with high thermal conductivity and with different porosities have been tested. The effects of the porosity of wire mesh, the thermal conductivity of porous media, mass flow rate, and the intensity of radiation have been studied. Experimental results show that thermal efficiency with using porous media is greater than without using porous media. When used steel …

Go to article

Evaluation Of The Hydrodynamic Pressure Effect Of Cylindrical Liquid Storage Tank On The Granular Soil Behavior Under Seismic Excitation, Ahmed A. Hussein, Mohammed A. Al-Neami, Falah H. Rahil Jul 2026

Evaluation Of The Hydrodynamic Pressure Effect Of Cylindrical Liquid Storage Tank On The Granular Soil Behavior Under Seismic Excitation, Ahmed A. Hussein, Mohammed A. Al-Neami, Falah H. Rahil

Engineering and Technology Journal

Many liquid storage tanks around the world have been affected by earthquakes, and the seismic analysis of such tanks is much more complicated due to the Fluid-Structure Interaction. Besides, when the soil properties are taken into the consideration, the analysis with the Fluid-Soil-Structure Interaction becomes very complicated. In this paper, a series of shaking table tests are conducted on a model of the cylindrical water tank rested on dry granular soil and the equivalent load is considered to study the effect of hydrodynamic pressure generated in the storage water tank on the soil behavior. An experimental investigation of (1:100) scale …

Go to article

Chemical Extraction Process For Producing High Purity Nanosilica From Iraqi Rice Husk, Sami A. Ajeel, Khalid A. Sukkar, Naser K. Zedin Jul 2026

Chemical Extraction Process For Producing High Purity Nanosilica From Iraqi Rice Husk, Sami A. Ajeel, Khalid A. Sukkar, Naser K. Zedin

Engineering and Technology Journal

Rice husk is considered a main agricultural waste in Iraq. High purity SiO2 NPs were produced from rice husk by enhanced precipitation and developed leaching processes for the preparation of silica from RH. In this study, pre-treatment for rice husk was with 3N HCl, and calcination at 700°C was achieved, then followed with a leaching process with (1.5, 2, 2.5, 3) N NaOH concentrations. The characterizations of the prepared SiO2 NPs were studied by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results show that the prepared SiO2 NPs have an amorphous structure with a high …

Go to article

Experimental Investigation Of Thermosyphon Thermal Performance Using Different Filling Ratio, Talib Z. Farge, Samar J. Ismael, Rawad M.Thyab Jul 2026

Experimental Investigation Of Thermosyphon Thermal Performance Using Different Filling Ratio, Talib Z. Farge, Samar J. Ismael, Rawad M.Thyab

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present work investigated the thermal performance of thermosyphon by using distilled water as a working fluid at different filling ratios (50%, 60%, and 70 %). The thermosyphon was manufactured from a copper tube with outer and inner diameters (26 and 24) mm, respectively. The thermosyphon was tested experimentally at different input power (100, 200 and 300) Watt. The operating temperature of the oil was chosen below 85°C. Experimental results revealed that the filling ratio of 60% exhibited the best heat dissipation at the highest operating temperature. While the low operating temperature and 50 % filling ratio show better heat …

Go to article

Effects Of Evaporator And Condenser Temperatures On The Performance Of A Chiller System With A Variable Speed Compressor, Ahmed H. Al-Hassani, Alaa R. Al-Badri Jul 2026

Effects Of Evaporator And Condenser Temperatures On The Performance Of A Chiller System With A Variable Speed Compressor, Ahmed H. Al-Hassani, Alaa R. Al-Badri

Engineering and Technology Journal

The operation and performance of heat-pump systems are affected by indoor and outdoor operating conditions. Power consumption and system efficiency are related to evaporator and condenser working pressures. Intelligent controllers such as a proportional integral (PI) controller improve the performance of variable speed refrigeration systems (VSRs) with electronic expansion valve (EEV). Evaporator and condenser pressures affect the system power consumption and efficiency. In this study, the influence of evaporator and condenser temperatures on the performance of a variable speed refrigeration system with an EEV was experimentally investigated at constant cooling load. The experimental system comprises of a rotary compressor, shell-and-coil …

Go to article

Direct Shear Strength Of Rpc Member, Shahad Q. Madhlom, Hussein A. Aziz, Ammar A. Ali Jul 2026

Direct Shear Strength Of Rpc Member, Shahad Q. Madhlom, Hussein A. Aziz, Ammar A. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research paper, results are obtained from Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) push-off specimens - double L shape subjected to direct shear loading. Different parameters considered are compressive strength, percentages of steel fiber, presence of aggregate and shear reinforcement. The results show that increasing in steel fiber content starting from 0.0% and ending with 1.5% leads to increases in the shear strength by (261%) and attempt to decrease its brittleness. The presence of steel fiber content enhances and improves the tensile strength and the shear strength. Using RPC in constructing the specimens enhances the shear strength by 29.6% compared with …

Go to article

Performance Evaluation Of Photovoltaic Panels By A Proposed Automated System Based On Microcontrollers, Mustafa Q. Ali, Monaf S. Tapoub, Hayder A. Dhahadc Jul 2026

Performance Evaluation Of Photovoltaic Panels By A Proposed Automated System Based On Microcontrollers, Mustafa Q. Ali, Monaf S. Tapoub, Hayder A. Dhahadc

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, an automated test setup for PV panels using LabVIEW and several microcontrollers (μCs) based embedded systems has been designed, tested, and implemented. This PV testing system has been characterized as fully automated and the only human intervention required is to install the PV panel and to set the required testing conditions. Several PV panels were evaluated and tested, the obtained results showed a high degree of accuracy and conformity with several testing schemes that have been carried out numerically, manually and manufacturer specifications. The designed system is characterized by a high-performance standard with accuracy, precision, and resolution …

Go to article

A Review On Microbial Fuel Cells, Baidaa A. Kitafa, Afaf J. Obaid Al-Saned Jul 2026

A Review On Microbial Fuel Cells, Baidaa A. Kitafa, Afaf J. Obaid Al-Saned

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a bioreactor with which the chemical energy in chemical bonds of organic compounds are converted to electricity under anaerobic conditions through catalytic reactions of micro-organisms. It has been familiar for a long time that electricity can be generated directly through using bacteria to break organic matter. A microbial fuel cell can also serve in different wastewater treatment to destroy organic matter. The development of MFC technology requires a greater understanding of the microbial processes for MFCs, and their components, limitations, factors and design this system, to be simpler and large scale system developed; so …

Go to article

Novel Dynamic Batch-Sensitive Adam Optimiser For Vehicular Accident Injury Severity Prediction, Daniel Asare Kyei, Alimatu Saadia-Yussiff, Maame G. Asante-Mensah, Abdul Lateef-Yussiff, Charles Roland Haruna, Derry Emmanuel Jul 2026

Novel Dynamic Batch-Sensitive Adam Optimiser For Vehicular Accident Injury Severity Prediction, Daniel Asare Kyei, Alimatu Saadia-Yussiff, Maame G. Asante-Mensah, Abdul Lateef-Yussiff, Charles Roland Haruna, Derry Emmanuel

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

The choice of optimiser is important in deep learning, as it strongly influences model efficiency and speed of convergence. However, many commonly used optimisers encounter difficulties when applied to imbalanced and sequential datasets, limiting their ability to capture patterns of minority classes. In this study, we propose Dynamic Batch-Sensitive Adam (DBS-Adam), an optimiser that dynamically scales the learning rate using a batch difficulty score derived from exponential moving averages of gradient norms and batch loss. DBS-Adam improves training stability and accelerates convergence by increasing updates for difficult batches and reducing them for easier ones. We evaluate DBS-Adam by integrating it …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last