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The Influence Of Ultrasonic Impact Peening On The Mechanical Properties Of Similar Friction Stir Welded Joints Of Aa 7075-T73, Abdul Ameer Jebur, Samir Amin, Ibtihal Mahmood Jul 2026

The Influence Of Ultrasonic Impact Peening On The Mechanical Properties Of Similar Friction Stir Welded Joints Of Aa 7075-T73, Abdul Ameer Jebur, Samir Amin, Ibtihal Mahmood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The purpose of this study is to study the ultrasonic peening influence upon the mechanical properties of the welded joints of 3 mm AA 7075-T73. Friction stir welding (FSW) was carried out by using milling machine and cylindrical tool with tapered pin. The used welding parameters were 710 rpm , 35 mm min for rotational and travel speed , respectively .Tensile tests results showed that the welding efficiency was about 60% for welded samples , and this value increased by using one and two lines ultrasonic peening treatment to 74% , and 71% , respectively , this improvement is due …

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Optimum Parameter Selection For Milling Different Laminate Composites Made By Hand Layup With Cnc Milling Machine, Ghadak Alkhafaji, Fathi Alshamma, Enas Khalid Jul 2026

Optimum Parameter Selection For Milling Different Laminate Composites Made By Hand Layup With Cnc Milling Machine, Ghadak Alkhafaji, Fathi Alshamma, Enas Khalid

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently, composite materials were widely used in different applications due to their lightweight, and good thermal and mechanical properties. In this study, an attempt to manufacture laminate composites by hand layup was performed. Also, optimal parameters for the best surface roughness were investigated. Therefore, three parameters had been examined; spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The L9 Taguchi orthogonal array, signal to noise (S/N) ratio, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were selected to determine the optimum parameters. To create composites, the compression method was employed. Four different types of composites were manufactured with 2.8 mm thickness, to determine …

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Hot Spot Analysis Of Photovoltaic Module Under Partial Shading Conditions By Using Ir-Imaging Technology, Ali. Numan, Hashim Hussein, Zahraa Dawood Jul 2026

Hot Spot Analysis Of Photovoltaic Module Under Partial Shading Conditions By Using Ir-Imaging Technology, Ali. Numan, Hashim Hussein, Zahraa Dawood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The probable appearance of localized overheating (hot spot) represents one of the main matters for the reliability and safety of c-Si cells. It entails both a risk for the photovoltaic module's lifetime and a decrease in its operational efficiency. Partial shading is the most common cause of a hot spot in a PV system. The main aim of this work is to analyze the hotspot phenomena by I-V curve as well as IR thermography and investigate the impact of partial shading on the hottest cell experimentally to find its effect on the output power. The results show that at normal …

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Utilization Of Satellite Images-Based Indices For Assessment Of Al-Hammar Marsh Restoration Plan, Bayda Dhaidan, Imzahim Alwan, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji Jul 2026

Utilization Of Satellite Images-Based Indices For Assessment Of Al-Hammar Marsh Restoration Plan, Bayda Dhaidan, Imzahim Alwan, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wetland landscape characterization is an important component of determining the degree to which wetlands improve environmental conditions. The present study aims to create a model used to automated extraction of the land cover of the western part of the Al-Hammar Marsh south of Iraq, and then monitor the change in land cover overtime. A model builder in ArcGIS created based on a series of spectral-based indices included the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), the OLI satellite images from 2013 to 2020, ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS 10.4 were …

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Shear Strength Of Reinforced Fibrous-Self Compacted Concrete Box Girder Using Recycled Concrete Aggregate, Mohammed Hadi, Eyad Sayhood, Ali Resheq Jul 2026

Shear Strength Of Reinforced Fibrous-Self Compacted Concrete Box Girder Using Recycled Concrete Aggregate, Mohammed Hadi, Eyad Sayhood, Ali Resheq

Engineering and Technology Journal

Protection of environmental and conservation of natural resources is a fundamental issue in today’s world. In this research, the shear behavior of reinforced concrete box girders with recycled aggregate (RA), steel fiber, and internal diaphragms were investigated. Eleven reinforced concrete box girders with typical longitudinal and transverse reinforcement were tested under two point loading until failure. The RA was prepared by crushing the collected waste of concrete from the laboratory test cylinders and cubes. The experimental variables considered include; RA percent of 50%, 75%, and 100%(replacing from NA), steel fiber with volumetric ratios (Vf) of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2%, diaphragm …

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Evaluating The Use Of Eggshell Waste Ash In High Strength Concrete, Basim Amanah, Wasan Khalil Jul 2026

Evaluating The Use Of Eggshell Waste Ash In High Strength Concrete, Basim Amanah, Wasan Khalil

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to determine the effect of incorporating eggshell waste as partial compensation from Portland cement material on high-strength concrete mixtures' performance. The properties studied are workability, compressive and flexural strengths, water absorption, dry density, and thermal conductivity. In the same trend, the environmental impact of the replacement mentioned above is evaluated. Four different weight percentages (0%,5%,10%,15%, and 20%) of the cement were replaced with eggshells ash. The results indicate that the incorporation of eggshell powder improves the compressive strength and flexural strength by about 14.7% and 6.5%, respectively, at 28days age over control concrete mixes at 15% replacement. …

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Improvement Of Soft Clayey Soil By Bio-Polymer, Teba Abd, Mohammed Fattah, Mohammed Aswad Jul 2026

Improvement Of Soft Clayey Soil By Bio-Polymer, Teba Abd, Mohammed Fattah, Mohammed Aswad

Engineering and Technology Journal

This examination explains the utilization of bio-polymer powder for clayey soil enhancement. The article concentrates around examining the strength attitude of the clayey soils built up with homogenous bio-polymer. Carboxy methyl cellulose was determined as bio-polymer material to build up the normal soft clayey soil. The biopolymer has been added to the soil with two separated rates (0.5 and 3%) by total weight of soil. Different tests were carried out to consider the impact of utilizing this polymer as a balancing out specialist on the geotechnical properties of soil. It was estimated that as the bio-polymer content expands in the …

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Determination Of Suitable Areas For Establishment Of Sports-City In Iraq's Center Using An Integrated Fuzzy Logic Algorithm And Geomatic Techniques, Haidar Mohammed Jul 2026

Determination Of Suitable Areas For Establishment Of Sports-City In Iraq's Center Using An Integrated Fuzzy Logic Algorithm And Geomatic Techniques, Haidar Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In recent times, many cities have clustered new sports infrastructures in concentrated areas to create a sports city. Al Hillah City as one of the biggest cities in the center of Iraq, because of many components' countryside relocation and natural expansion of population, and other has been distinguished; extreme population expansion and lastly evolution in need of planning in some inner-city areas and places. Consequently, designated areas in terms of premier spatial allocation and appropriate location for users of general services; sports services that are rapid, on time, and at ease access to them are essential that are not considered. …

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Punching Shear Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs Strengthened By Cfrp And Gfrp: A Review Of Literature, Hadi Al-Maliki, Ali Al-Balhawi, Asma Ali Jul 2026

Punching Shear Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs Strengthened By Cfrp And Gfrp: A Review Of Literature, Hadi Al-Maliki, Ali Al-Balhawi, Asma Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Flat reinforced concrete (RC) slabs or plates are still widely used in buildings and are most popular in single or multiple story floor construction systems. This is due to the ease and speed of implementation as well as the continuous smoothness that is provided in relation to the locations of members. Flat slab systems have an inadequate shear strength in both directions. Thus, they are subjected to a shear failure at their intersections with columns, which results in the collapse of a larger part of the structure. Shear failure occurs due to many reasons including changing the functions of the …

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Operation Of Mosul – Dokan Reservoirs And Samarra Barrage Using Hec – Ressim Model During Dry Period, Thabet Abdulateef, Raad Irzooki, Ali Abbas Jul 2026

Operation Of Mosul – Dokan Reservoirs And Samarra Barrage Using Hec – Ressim Model During Dry Period, Thabet Abdulateef, Raad Irzooki, Ali Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

The issue of time series records containing low inflow than normal, such critical period results in shortage in reservoir storage, thereby reduction in the reservoir's releases that satisfy the demands. When the expected available water is less than the demand, releases may be curtailed, and the reservoir is under stress. This study presents an application of HEC – ResSim model to simulate the operation of Mosul, Dokan Reservoirs, and Samarra Barrage during the dry period 19992000 (modeling of historical data). Simulated results and recorded data were compared in order to, first improve the applicability of the software to simulate reservoir …

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Distribution Of Pressures On Modified Stepped Spillway By Using Toothed-Steps, Jaafar Maatooq, Ameer Jasim Jul 2026

Distribution Of Pressures On Modified Stepped Spillway By Using Toothed-Steps, Jaafar Maatooq, Ameer Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In the present study a new steeped spillway shape at which “toothed steps” have been adopted instead of traditional steps to enhance the amount and distribution of water pressure along the chute of the stepped spillway. Experiments were conducted under a skimming flow regime, on five physical models of spillway one of which consisted of traditional steps used as a base model. For all investigated models, the chute angle was 45° with fourteen steeps each of 3cm height. Generally, the results show that the new shape models enhance the pressure distribution and reducing the potential for negative pressures along the …

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Carbon Fiber-Based Cementitious Composites For Traffic Detection And Weighing In Motion, Dhurgham Ghadhban, Hasan Joni, Ali Al-Dahawi Jul 2026

Carbon Fiber-Based Cementitious Composites For Traffic Detection And Weighing In Motion, Dhurgham Ghadhban, Hasan Joni, Ali Al-Dahawi

Engineering and Technology Journal

New self-sensing cementitious composites embedded in the highway pavement for vehicle detection and weigh during motion is fabricated. Smart carbon fiber (CF) reinforced cement-based materials with high sensitive property are used as sensors. These smart composites may be able to detect the traffic and sense the weight in motion, thanks to their piezoresistive property. Cement-based sensors capability to vehicle detection was investigated in a real field at the University of Technology campus. Findings clarify that the CF-Based cementitious composites provide have a great potential to use as sensors for detect traffic and its composition also it possibly identifies different vehicular …

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Variation Of Consistency Limits And Compaction Characteristics Of Clayey Soil With Nanomaterials, Noor Tarsh, Mohammed Al-Neami, Kawther Al-Soudany Jul 2026

Variation Of Consistency Limits And Compaction Characteristics Of Clayey Soil With Nanomaterials, Noor Tarsh, Mohammed Al-Neami, Kawther Al-Soudany

Engineering and Technology Journal

The arrangement of the soil for every ground structure is so important and must be efficient to sustain the whole structure. The variables and properties that have influenced their behavior must be well known. The building constructed on soft soils may fail due to their low strength, and an excessive settlement of the soil under a constant load could occur, therefore, the improvement for such soils must be carried out before construction to eliminate or decrease the maintenance cost or failure in buildings. Nowadays, one of the new technologies using to improve problematic soil is nanomaterials. In this study, experimental …

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The Behavior Of Piles Installed In Medium Dense Sand Within Mse Wall System, Salah Hamza, Shaymaa Kadhim, Saad Al-Wakel Jul 2026

The Behavior Of Piles Installed In Medium Dense Sand Within Mse Wall System, Salah Hamza, Shaymaa Kadhim, Saad Al-Wakel

Engineering and Technology Journal

Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls (MSE) were widely used in several essential infrastructures, such as the abutments on a bridge. The need for a support base of a shallow or a deep bridge increased in the MSE wall system. In this research, factors affecting the performance of laterally loaded piles embedded in medium dense sand with a relative density of 50% behind an MSE wall were studied using lower-scale models in the laboratory. For instance, the effect of pile offset and the slenderness ratio on the pile's lateral capacity and pressure on the MSE wall. Three different slenderness ratios were introduced …

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Function And Application Of Geogrid In Flexible Pavement Under Dynamic Load, Fatin Jebur, Mohammed Fattah, Ahmed Abduljabbar Jul 2026

Function And Application Of Geogrid In Flexible Pavement Under Dynamic Load, Fatin Jebur, Mohammed Fattah, Ahmed Abduljabbar

Engineering and Technology Journal

Nowadays, the increasing demand for road transport makes maintenance and repair of road infrastructures key tasks of road engineering. The current experimental work consists of laboratory model experiments to understand the conduct of sand as a subgrade under dynamic load and its effect on the flexible pavement and base layer. The reinforcement is applied at the interface between the base and subgrade using SS2 type of geogrid. The road layers are exposed to harmonic dynamic load with two load amplitudes of 10 and 15 kN and two frequencies of 0.5 and 1 Hz. The vertical stresses in the road layers …

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Characteristics Of Asphalt Binder And Mixture Modified With Waste Polypropylene, Mohammed Fattah, Wissam, Abdulkhabeer, Miami Hilal Jul 2026

Characteristics Of Asphalt Binder And Mixture Modified With Waste Polypropylene, Mohammed Fattah, Wissam, Abdulkhabeer, Miami Hilal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Improving asphalt materials to develop the overall performance of asphalt binders and mixtures has been the focus of several investigations made over the past few decades. The application of discarded waste plastics in asphalt modification was one of the steps taken in this direction. Using waste materials in pavement construction would not only enhances asphalt properties but would also bring out significant saving in road material costs and help towards tackling disposal problems of such waste materials, which tend to be hazardous in as much as they can cause pollution of water, soil, and air. The purpose of this paper …

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Earthquake Response Of Model Footings On Soft Clays Strengthened By Stone Columns, Ann Raheem, Mohammed Fattah, Makki Al-Recaby Jul 2026

Earthquake Response Of Model Footings On Soft Clays Strengthened By Stone Columns, Ann Raheem, Mohammed Fattah, Makki Al-Recaby

Engineering and Technology Journal

The objective of the present study is to understand the behavior of soft soil strengthened by stone columns under dynamic seismic load. Ordinary and encased stone columns were used under different conditions. The present study converges around the dynamic response of stone columns of lateral shaking, the interaction of soil frame for understanding settlement mechanisms and the prediction of dynamic load limitations of foundations in soft soils subjected to seismic load (during vibrations).  The results of this research will provide the basis for assessing measures to reduce the severity of seismic hazards and the seismic design of foundation structures in …

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Settlement Of Shallow Foundation In Dry Sand Under An Earthquake, Mohammed Al-Neami, Falah Rahil, Ahmed Hussain Jul 2026

Settlement Of Shallow Foundation In Dry Sand Under An Earthquake, Mohammed Al-Neami, Falah Rahil, Ahmed Hussain

Engineering and Technology Journal

Seismically induced settlement of buildings with shallow foundations resting on dry sand soils has resulted in severe damage in recent earthquakes. A multi-degree of freedom shaking table and a fixed container were manufactured and used to study the foundation settlement. Series of shaking experiments on the shallow foundation situated in a center of the container and atop of a dry sandy soil has been performed to identify the mechanisms involved to calculate the foundation settlement induced by earthquake shaking. In this research, the important factors are identified, including shaking intensity, the soil relative density, the degree of freedom and the …

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Chitosan Hydrogel For Removing Of Heavy Metal Ions From Water: A Review, Maysaa Ali, Shemaa Soud, Anaheed Hameed Jul 2026

Chitosan Hydrogel For Removing Of Heavy Metal Ions From Water: A Review, Maysaa Ali, Shemaa Soud, Anaheed Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Industrial and agricultural discharges have been shown as important sources for a wide range of contaminants like heavy metals. This study focused on the assessment of the toxic effect of heavy metals and illustrates some methods of eliminating or avoiding these contaminants. In certain methods, heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Pb, Hg, and Cd) are recovered, and range of absorbents are tested. A number of studies have reported the complex interaction of polymers with metal ions with the polymers for eliminating heavy metals (e.g. cellulose, chitosan, and chitin. Metal ions are absorbed by these polymers by the amine and …

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The Hausdorff Algebra Fuzzy Distance And Its Basic Properties, Zainab Khudhair, Jehad Kider Jul 2026

The Hausdorff Algebra Fuzzy Distance And Its Basic Properties, Zainab Khudhair, Jehad Kider

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this article we recall the definition of algebra fuzzy metric space and its basic properties. In order to introduced the Hausdorff algebra fuzzy metric from fuzzy compact set to another fuzzy compact set we define the algebra fuzzy distance between two fuzzy compact sets after that basic properties of  the Hausdorff algebra fuzzy metric between two fuzzy compact sets are proved. Finally the main result in this paper is proved that is if (S, m, ) is a fuzzy complete algebra fuzzy metric space then (AFH(S), h,  ) is a fuzzy complete algebra fuzzy metric space.

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Sensing Performance Of Mono And Bimetallic Nano Photonics Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) Devices, Doaa Jubair, Alwan Alwan, Walid Hamoudi Jul 2026

Sensing Performance Of Mono And Bimetallic Nano Photonics Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) Devices, Doaa Jubair, Alwan Alwan, Walid Hamoudi

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, sensing performance of mono and bimetallic nanophotonics SERS sensors of gold-silver nano-columns for the detection of chlorpyrifos was investigated. For optimum substrates for Gold-silver/nano-column surface-enhanced, Raman scattering (SERS) was achieved with the silicon substrate. By combining the Ag SERS activity with the Au chemical stability and nano-columns Si large field enhancement, the Au-Ag/nano-columns Si substrate revealed perfect reproducibility, homogeneity, sensitivity in addition to chemical stability. The sensors were tested by Atomic force microscope (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Findings presented in this research indicated modified distributions and …

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Programing And Procedure Design Of Stand-Alone Pv System For Clean Energy Home Supply In Baghdad, Sarah Al-Shammari, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Sattar Habeeb Jul 2026

Programing And Procedure Design Of Stand-Alone Pv System For Clean Energy Home Supply In Baghdad, Sarah Al-Shammari, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Sattar Habeeb

Engineering and Technology Journal

Global demand for energy production is in an increasing trend. However, a gap between energy production and energy demand still represents an industrial challenge. Iraq, like too many developing countries, is an example of such problematic. To tackle these issues, renewable energy could be a valid solution. Renewable energy becomes necessary especially the unique location of the received solar energy and long daylight. Many pieces of research deal with maximum benefit from this condition. This paper discusses the design stand-alone PV system for one home in Baghdad and sizing all components in that system start with energy demand, inverter power, …

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Structural Behavior Of Retrofitted Reinforced Scc Continuous Deep Beam With Cfrp And Hybrid Techniques, Wisam Al -Bdari, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Ihsan Al-Shaarbaf Jul 2026

Structural Behavior Of Retrofitted Reinforced Scc Continuous Deep Beam With Cfrp And Hybrid Techniques, Wisam Al -Bdari, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Ihsan Al-Shaarbaf

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, the results of experimental test of seven reinforced SCC continuous deep beams after being retrofitting by CFRP with different techniques. The main objective of the current research is to investigate the structural behavior in the shear performance and failure modes. The first beam tested up to failure and assumed as reference beam, while remaining six beams firstly loaded with 65% of ultimate load capacity then retrofitted by three systems namely: externally bonded reinforcing (EBR) by CFRP strips, near surface mounted technique (NSM) CFRP rods and the third system was hybrid technique by composite between EBR CFRP strips …

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Effect Of Embedment And Spacing Ratios On The Response Of Lateral Load Of Single And Group Piles, Mohammed Al-Neami, Mohammed Al-Dahlaki, Aya Chalob Jul 2026

Effect Of Embedment And Spacing Ratios On The Response Of Lateral Load Of Single And Group Piles, Mohammed Al-Neami, Mohammed Al-Dahlaki, Aya Chalob

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper displays an experimental work of three-scale model tests of single pile and nine–scale model tests of group pile (1x2) with spacing to diameter (S/D) ratios (2,4, and 6) respectively. The pile models inserted in the medium-dense dry sand with a relative density of 60% and different length to diameter (L/D) ratios (15, 25, and 30) were subjected to the lateral load with a rate of 2.5 mm/min. The test results present the effect of the change of the ratio of (L/D) and (S/D) on lateral displacements at the head of the pile. For single and group piles when …

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Effect Of Growth Time On The Structural, Optical And Electrical Properties Of The 1%Fe Doped Tio2 P-Type Synthesized By Hydrothermal Technique, Sattar Hashim, Odai Salman, Khaleel Hassoon Jul 2026

Effect Of Growth Time On The Structural, Optical And Electrical Properties Of The 1%Fe Doped Tio2 P-Type Synthesized By Hydrothermal Technique, Sattar Hashim, Odai Salman, Khaleel Hassoon

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, a hydrothermal technique is employed to prepare titanium dioxide films on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates. A low-cost homemade autoclave was used to fabricate iron-doped -TiO2 films (1at. %Fe) at different reaction times from 1 to 4 hours.  X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the predominant phase is rutile (R-TiO2) with peaks at (101), (002), and (112). The XRD results showed that with increasing reaction time the peaks become sharper and narrowed. The images of the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed that with increasing reaction time the films appeared to have vertically aligned TiO2 nanorods. …

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A Survey In Implementation And Applications Of Electroencephalograph (Eeg)-Based Brain-Computer Interface, Samaa Abdulwahab, Hussain Khleaf, Manal Jasim Jul 2026

A Survey In Implementation And Applications Of Electroencephalograph (Eeg)-Based Brain-Computer Interface, Samaa Abdulwahab, Hussain Khleaf, Manal Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is an external system that controls activities and processes in the physical world based on brain signals. In Passive BCI, artificial signals are automatically generated by a computer program without any input from nerves in the body. This is useful for individuals with mobility issues. Traditional BCI has been dependent only on recording brain signals with Electroencephalograph (EEG) and has used a rule-based translation algorithm to generate control commands. These systems have developed very accurate translation systems. This paper is about the different methods for adapting the signals from the brain. It has been mentioned that …

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Fpga Implementation Of Modified Reconfigurable Adaptive Gain Scheduling Controller, Ali Wheed, Abbas Issa, Mohammed Y. Jul 2026

Fpga Implementation Of Modified Reconfigurable Adaptive Gain Scheduling Controller, Ali Wheed, Abbas Issa, Mohammed Y.

Engineering and Technology Journal

This article aims to put forward a modified type of adaptive gain scheduling that will be able to deal with the immeasurable and unpredictable variations of system variables by adapting its value at each time instance to follow any change in the input and overcome any disturbance applied to the system without the need to predetermine gains values. In addition, the inverse neural controller will precede the gain scheduling to eliminate the need for complex system linear zing and parameter estimation. Therefore, the problems of needing complex mathematics for system linearization and gains calculations have been solved. The performance of …

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Retrofitting Of Scc Deep Beams With Circular Openings Using Cfrp, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Dhiyaa Mohammed, Nawfal Abdul Jabbar Jul 2026

Retrofitting Of Scc Deep Beams With Circular Openings Using Cfrp, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Dhiyaa Mohammed, Nawfal Abdul Jabbar

Engineering and Technology Journal

The main objectives of this study are: encouraging the production and use of  self-compacting  concrete,  use  of  materials  which  are  lightweight,  easy to  use,  and  highly  efficient  in  the  retrofitting  of  reinforced  concrete buildings. Six deep beams specimens (L= length of 1400mm, h= height of 400mm,   and   b=   width   of   150mm)   were   cast   using   self-compacting concrete.  The  location  of  the  openings  is  in  the  middle  of  assumed  load path.  Five  patterns  were  adopted  to  arrange  carbon  fiber  reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. The cylinder compressive strength of the concrete was  approximately  equal  for  all  beams  and  was  about  (44  MPa)  at …

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Effect Of Pile's Number On The Behavior Of Piled Raft Foundation, Dheyaa Hadi, Mohanned Waheed, Mohammed Fattah Jul 2026

Effect Of Pile's Number On The Behavior Of Piled Raft Foundation, Dheyaa Hadi, Mohanned Waheed, Mohammed Fattah

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper introduces an experimental research on the behavior of the piled raft foundation (PRF) in sand of two states (loose and medium sand). A small model has been tested in a soil container and the vertical load was applied to the foundation through a pneumatic jack. The settlement of the foundation was measured using a displacement transducer; three sensors were attached to the pile heads to measure the axial load borne in a group by each pile by the Arduino data logger. The laboratory experiments were carried out on models of (1 pile), (1x2), (1x3), (2x3), (3 x3), (3 …

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A Study About E-Commerce Based On Customer Behaviors, Zainab Mohammed, Suhad Kadhem Jul 2026

A Study About E-Commerce Based On Customer Behaviors, Zainab Mohammed, Suhad Kadhem

Engineering and Technology Journal

E-commerce is one of the new virtual technologies that make life simpler for both traders, marketers, and customers. However, the main problem for the seller was how to know customer's intentions when they enter the website. This paper proposed to predict whether customers make a purchase or not from their previous behaviors.  Therefore, this paper aims to predict the intentions of users that using online -shopping. the main aim of this study is to highlight customer behaviors to predict purchases and make a compression between the works that are related to the subject of this paper to conclude and suggest …

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