Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of Malathion On The Activity And Performance Of Activated Sludge, Erik G. Rauglas

Theses and Dissertations

Decontamination activities following a chemical weapons incident may generate significant quantities of contaminated wash water that may enter the wastewater collection system either intentionally or accidentally. This raises concerns about the effect of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) on the operation of a biological wastewater treatment plant. The goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of malathion on the activity and performance of activated sludge. Malathion is an organophosphate (OP) and is considered an environmental surrogate for VX. This study employed respirometry, short term batch tests, and long term exposure experiments to investigate the effects of different concentrations of …

Optimized Flight Path For Localization Using Line Of Bearing, Namkyu Kim

Theses and Dissertations

This research develops optimized flight paths for localization of a target using LOB measurements. The target area is expressed as an error ellipse using the measurement errors of the LOBs. The optimization approach is focused on minimizing the size of the error ellipse. The algorithm for the optimized path is generated and compared with typical flight paths. The optimization routine is based on the results revised from previous similar research in the literature. A geometrical method to estimate the error ellipse is combined with optimal control in this research. Each LOB gives a possible target area and this target area …

Counter Weapon Control, Brian J. Roadruck

Theses and Dissertations

In this work, pursuit-evasion differential game theory is applied to the target defense scenario. The targets, attackers, and the defenders positional information is assumed to be known to the players. With positional information, a computational efficient method of strategy synthesis can be derived applying a differential game theory approach. We demonstrate that when non-optimal strategies are employed by one of the players, e.g. Line Of Sight guidance, the outcome will favor the players that employ the optimal strategy given by the solution of the pursuit-evasion differential game.

Non-Rated Air Force Line Officer Attrition Rates Using Survival Analysis, Jill A. Schofield

Theses and Dissertations

The Air Force structures its workforce around rank structure and work specialty codes (Air Force Specialty Codes (AFSCs)). The challenge is to grow and manage personnel to fill a variety of skill sets at a variety of ranks over a 20-30 year planning horizon. To ensure that the missions are accomplished while adhering to congressionally-mandated force allocations, the Air Force is continually attempting to \right size its force by maintaining the correct balance of personnel in each career field. The Air Force conducts its force structure management responsibility by comparing historical attrition rates to current manpower requirements for each AFSC …

Statistical Observations Of Positioning, Navigation, And Timing In A Combat Simulation, Matthew G. Thomas

Theses and Dissertations

The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an important asset in the lives of civilians and defense organizations. GPS uses include positioning, navigation, timing, as well as many other daily applications. With such dependence, protection against attacks on the system is paramount to continue its effectiveness. Attacks on its signal is the easiest way for enemies to degrade and harm not only everyday functioning for civilians, but a nation's defense as well. Jamming interference and spoofing are the two most frequent attacks on GPS signals. Could these two attacks cause significant effect on military operations? We use a System Effectiveness …

Effect Of Malathion On The Microbial Ecology Of Activated Sludge, Seth K. Martin

Theses and Dissertations

Decontamination activities may cause the release of contaminated washwater into the wastewater that eventually flows into a wastewater treatment facility. This raises concerns about the effect of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) on the microbial consortia that are responsible for cleaning the wastewater. This study investigated the impact of malathion on the microbial ecology of laboratory scale activated sludge communities. The Simpson Reciprocal Index decreased for three bioreactors operated in the absence of malathion, which showed that the microbial assemblage became less diverse during the course of the study. The species identified in the bioreactors belonged to well-known groups of heterotrophic …

A Delphi Study Using Value-Focused Thinking For United States Air Force Mission Dependency Index Values, Matthew J. Nichols

Theses and Dissertations

Recently, the Air Force Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC) identified that the Mission Dependency Index (MDI) had issues with reflecting the criticality of some mission sets. The MDI is a constructed value assigned to assets that reflects the consequence of failure. The primary mission sets having MDI issues were non-flightline assets. The current Air Force MDI metric relies on data collected using the Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) methodology and adapts the data by using facility categorization codes. The result is a method that compares alternatives to each other to develop an individual asset's MDI value. As a corrective measure to …

Reflections Of A Wave: An Analysis Of Photonic Doppler Velocimetry Systems, Brian K. Lagrange

Theses and Dissertations

Munitions are one of the Air Force's most effective weapons in eliminating targets, but also one of the most expensive. Due to the inherent high-cost in deploying munitions, munition shock wave detonation must be better observed and quantified for munitions to be more cost-efficient. PDV systems have the potential to achieve this quantification of shock wave properties on a molecular scale during solid-against-solid impacts. The overall goal of this research was to determine whether the current photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) system at Eglin Air Force Base is prepared for future explosive sensitivity testing. This determination was done through an uncertainty …

A Computational Intelligence Approach To System-Of-Systems Architecting Incorporating Multi-Objective Optimization, David M. Curry, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A computational intelligence approach to system-of-systems architecting is developed using multi-objective optimization. Such an approach yields a set of optimal solutions (the Pareto set) which has both advantages and disadvantages. The primary benefit is that a set of solutions provides a picture of the optimal solution space that a single solution cannot. The primary difficulty is making use of a potentially infinite set of solutions. Therefore, a significant part of this approach is the development of a method to model the solution set with a finite number of points allowing the architect to intelligently choose a subset of optimal solutions …

Design Methods For Remotely Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, William Beaman Howe

Master's Theses

A method for sizing remotely powered unmanned aerial vehicles is presented to augment the conventional design process. This method allows for unconventionally powered aircraft to become options in trade studies during the initial design phase. A design matrix is created that shows where, and if, a remotely powered vehicle fits within the design space. For given range and power requirements, the design matrix uses historical data to determine whether an internal combustion or electrical system would be most appropriate. Trends in the historical data show that the break in the design space between the two systems is around 30 miles …

The Bridge Newsletter Spring 2015, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

The Bridge Newsletter

-Wastewater treatment technologies that cost less and save energy
-Open windows and air quality
-Bartels displays research
-NASA honors Schonberg

Design Of A Framework To Measure The Degree Of Live Virtual Constructive (Lvc) Simulation Interoperability, Kiyoul Kim

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Accomplishment of the Live, Virtual and Constructive simulation interoperability has been a major goal and a challenge in the Modeling and Simulation (M&S) community. There have been efforts to interoperate individual Live, Virtual and Constructive simulations within a common synthetic environment through suitable technologies such as interface specifications, protocols, and standard middleware architectures. However, achieving interoperability of LVC simulation is a technologically complex since it is affected by multiple factors, and the characteristics are not yet satisfactorily defined and studied. A proper method is absent to measure the potential interoperability degree of LVC simulation. Therefore, there should be an appropriate …

The Myth And The Meaning Of Science As A Vocation, Adam Liska

Adam Liska Papers

Many natural scientists of the past and the present have imagined that they pursued their activity according to its own inherent rules in a realm distinctly separate from the business world, or at least in a realm where business tended to interfere with science from time to time, but was not ultimately an essential component, ‘because one thought that in science one possessed and loved something unselfish, harmless, self-sufficient, and truly innocent, in which man’s evil impulses had no part whatever’, as Nietzsche once commented (Nietzsche 1974, p.106). With the extreme technological changes that have occurred in the last fifty …

A Framework For Interoperability On The United States Electric Grid Infrastructure, Stuart Laval

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Historically, the United States (US) electric grid has been a stable one-way power delivery infrastructure that supplies centrally-generated electricity to its predictably consuming demand. However, the US electric grid is now undergoing a huge transformation from a simple and static system to a complex and dynamic network, which is starting to interconnect intermittent distributed energy resources (DERs), portable electric vehicles (EVs), and load-altering home automation devices, that create bidirectional power flow or stochastic load behavior. In order for this grid of the future to effectively embrace the high penetration of these disruptive and fast-responding digital technologies without compromising its safety, …

Quantitative Brain Electrical Activity In The Initial Screening Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries After Blast, Chengpeng Zhou

Wayne State University Theses

ABSTRACT

QUANTITATIVE BRAIN ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN THE INITIAL SCREENING OF MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES AFTER BLAST

by

CHENGPENG ZHOU

August 2015

Advisor: Dr. John Michael Cavanaugh, Dr. Chaoyang Chen

Major: Biomedical Engineering

Degree: Master of Science

Objective: Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) has been reported to be sensitive in the diagnosis and measurement of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in civilian setting and thus may be a promising tool in individuals who have been exposed to blast forces. Using a swine model, this study investigated EEG changes early after blast exposure. The purpose was to determine if QEEG can detect brain activity …

Localization Of Sensors In Presence Of Fading And Mobility, Hamzeh Hussain Omari

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this dissertation is to estimate the location of a sensor through analysis of signal strengths of messages received from a collection of mobile anchors. In particular, a sensor node determines its location from distance measurements to mobile anchors of known locations. We take into account the uncertainty and fluctuation of the RSS as a result of fading and take into account the decay of the RSS which is proportional to the transmitter-receiver distance power raised to the PLE. The objective is to characterize the channel in order to derive accurate distance estimates from RSS measurements and then …

Detection And Recognition Of R/F Devices Based On Their Unintended Electromagnetic Emissions Using Stochastic And Computational Intelligence Methods, Shikhar Prasad Acharya

Doctoral Dissertations

"Radio Frequency (RF) devices produce some amount of Unintended Electromagnetic Emissions (UEEs). UEEs are generally unique to a device and can be thought of as a signature of the device. This property of uniqueness of UEEs can be used to detect and identify the device producing the emission. The problem with UEEs is that they are very low in power and are often buried deep inside the noise band which makes them difficult to detect. There are two types of UEE detection methods. The first one is called stimulated detection method where the UEEs of a device are enhanced using …

Investigating Simulation-Based Pattern Recognition Training For Behavior Cue Detection, Crystal Maraj

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The U.S. military uses pattern recognition training to observe anomalies in human behavior. An examination of the pattern recognition training literature for Warfighters reveals a gap in training to discern patterns of human behavior in live environments. Additionally, the current state of warfare is evolving and requires operations to change. As a result, pattern recognition training must accommodate new practices to improve performance. A technique used to improve memory for identifying patterns in the environment is Kim's game. Kim's game establishes patterns to identify inanimate objects, of which information retains in memory for later recall. The paper discusses the fundamental …

An Adaptive Physical- And Link Layer For Narrowband Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Mathias Dehm

Theses

Search and Rescue (SAR) missions require robust ad-hoc networks especially in situations where existing wired or cellular networks have been damaged or are not available. Here, a promising SAR communications technology is a Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). However, development of systems is challenging due to bandwidth constraints, various application services, high mobility and harsh environments leading to unstable wireless connections.

Throughout this thesis, a prototype of a physical- and link layer is developed which satisfies the criteria for communication services in SAR missions.

This work includes three major contributions:

The first contribution is a single-carrier narrowband physical layer. The transmission …

Mixed Signal Detection And Parameter Estimation Based On Second-Order Cyclostationary Features, Dong Li

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Signal detection and radio frequency (RF) parameter estimation have received a lot of attention in recent years due to the need of spectrum sensing in many military and civilian communication applications. In most of existing work, the target signal is assumed to be a single RF signal with no overlapping with other RF signals. However, in a spectrally congested and spectrally contested environment, multiple signals are often mixed together at the signal detector with significant overlap in spectrum. Conventional frequency analysis through Fourier transform is not capable of detecting mixed signals with significant spectral overlap. In this thesis, we first …

Ambiguity-Based Classification Of Phase Modulated Waveforms, Anthony Buchenroth

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Accurate classification or recognition of phase modulated radar waveforms, typically accomplished via the combination of pulse parameter estimates and matched?filtering, poses a simple problem in ideal conditions. Recognition of these waveforms aids in various spectrum management, surveillance, and electronic warfare (EW) applications. In less than ideal conditions, carrier frequency, time offset, pulse amplitude, initial phase, and bandwidth are unknown to the EW receiver rendering the application of a matched filter futile. This effort investigates the use of features extracted from the ambiguity function of an intercepted pulse. Specifically, this effort will expand upon the methodology of previous work done which …

A Study On The Effects Of E-Navigation On Reducing Vessel Accidents, Sun-Bae Hong

World Maritime University Dissertations

The dissertation aims to evaluate how and to what extent e-navigation contributes to reducing accidents for SOLAS ships as well as non-SOLAS ships, hoping that the results are referred to IMO Member States when they are implementing enavigation along with the maritime sectors such as shipping companies, crews on board ships and manufactures developing e-navigation related systems. The study focuses on the potential effects of e-navigation based on tool kits of the IMO e-navigation for SOLAS ships and services of SMART-navigation, which is the Korean approach to implementing the e-navigation concept for both SOLAS ships and non-SOLAS ships. The processes …

Developing A Wireless Sensor Network Programming Language Application Guide Using Memsic Devices And Labview, Xiao Xie

Master of Technology Management Plan II Graduate Projects

The principal objective of this project is to develop a wireless sensor network (WSN) programming language application guide for junior and senior undergraduate students in College of Technology, Architecture and Applied Engineering in Bowling Green State University. Memsic device, MoteWorks and LabVIEW software are used to conduct experiments in developing WSN applications after both software and hardware platform are verified to be usable with experimental and statistical analysis. The guide is divided into six chapters including both theoretical knowledge and practical experiments in WSN area. Programs, both in nesC language and LabVIEW are improved from previous work, tested to run …

Ole Miss Engineer 2014-2015

Ole Miss Engineer

No abstract provided.

Compact Antennas And Arrays For Unmanned Air Systems, James Arthur Eck

Theses and Dissertations

A simple and novel dual-CP printed antenna is modelled and measured. The patch antennais small and achieves a low axial ratio without quadrature feeding. The measured pattern showsaxial ratio pattern squinting over frequency. Possible methods of improving the individual element are discussed, as well as an array technique for improving the axial ratio bandwidth. Three endfire printed antenna structures are designed, analyzed, and compared. The comparison includes an analysis of costs of production for the antenna structures in addition to their performance parameters. This analysis concludes that cost of materials primarily reduces the size of antennas for a given gain …

Wingtip Dynamics Simulator, Eugene Fox, Nick Rodriguez, Steven Rieber

Mechanical Engineering

Raytheon is a defense contracting company with an electronic warfare division that is developing a radio frequency signal triangulation system. Part of the focus in improving this technology is the need for accurate and real time locational knowledge of the signal receivers, which are located at the tips of aircraft wings. Due to turbulence during flight, the fluttering motion of the wings alter the distance and angle relationships of the two receivers and add noise to the received signal data, which negatively affect the triangulation estimates. To mitigate this error caused by the wing flutter, Raytheon is developing a software …

Miniature Ion Optics Towards A Micro Mass Spectrometer, Ashish Chaudhary

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This PhD dissertation reports the development of miniature ion optics components of a mass spectrometer (MS) with the ultimate goal to lay the foundation for a compact low-power micromachined MS (µMS) for broad-range chemical analysis. Miniaturization of two specific components a) RF ion traps and b) an ion funnel have been investigated and miniature low-power versions of these components have been developed and demonstrated successfully in lab experiments. Power savings, simpler electronics and packaging schemes required to operate the micro-scale RF cylindrical ion traps have been the key motivation driving this research. Microfabricated cylindrical ion traps (µCITs) and arrays in …

Geoacoustic Inversion Of Ship Radiated Noise In Shallow Water Using Data From A Single Hydrophone, Steven E. Crocker, Peter L. Nielsen, James H. Miller, Martin Siderius

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation conducted a geoacoustic inverse experiment in the Mediterranean Sea in the summer of 2012. Among the objectives was to employ an autono- mous underwater vehicle to collect acoustic data to invert for properties of the seafloor. Inversion results for the compression wave speed in the bottom and the source spectrum of the R/V Alliance during a close approach to the bottom moored vehicle are presented. The estimated wave speed was 1529 m/s (r ¼ 10). The source spectrum of the Alliance was estimated across more than six octaves of frequency.

Space Separatism: Degree Of Differentiation, Luke R. Stover, Alan A. Johnson

Faculty Publications

Space is so important that the DOD recognizes it as one of five domains in which US forces operate (the other four are land, sea, air, and information). In 2001 Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld designated the Department of the Air Force (DAF) the “Executive Agent for Space for the DOD.” Given the national importance of space activities, the formation of a separate space force has been a topic of persistent discussion in academic and doctrinal circles ever since the United States first entered the space age. Proponents of a separate force argue that because space is an inherently unique …

Panama Canal - 100th Anniversary (Sc 2869), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid and full text of blog entries (click on "Additional Files" below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 2869. WKU Libraries blog entries relating to the 100^th anniversary of the opening of the Panama Canal. Entries concentrate on materials held by WKU’s Department of Library Special Collections and are illustrated with items from the collection.