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The Effect Of Focused Ultrasound On Altering The Diameter Class Of Nerve Fibers Contributing To A Compound Evoked Potential, Analyzed Using A Perturbative Decomposition Technique., Megan Wurden

Master's Theses

Peripheral neuropathies are disorders that involve the damage of peripheral nerve fibers, affecting the ability of different parts of the body to communicate. A differentiating factor in diagnosis between various clinical conditions can be which size class of nerve fibers are affected. A nerve conduction velocity test can be used to assess the viability of the nerve but is a single-parameter test and gives no information about the population characteristics of the remaining active fibers. A method developed and previously reported by Szlavik (2016) utilizes a mathematical perturbed decomposition to determine the normalized frequency of each size class of fiber …

Fatigue And Its Management In The Aviation Industry, With Special Reference To Pilots, Rajee Olaganathan, Timothy B. Holt, Jackie Luedtke, Brent D. Bowen

Publications

Abstract Fatigue is a significant contributing factor that reduces human ability and leads to accidents and threatens the safety of aircraft and human lives. Approximately 70% of fatal accidents that occur in commercial aviation operations are due to human factors. More specifically, crew fatigue contributes to nearly 15 to 20% of the accidents (Akerstedt, 2000). These accidents and incidents are associated with pilot fatigue because of the long duty periods, disruption of circadian rhythms, and inadequate sleep that are common among both commercial and military pilots. Though fatigue is seen in all the disciplines associated with the aviation industry, this …

An Examination Of Potential Training Regression Recognition Algorithms For Pilot Training Next, Alex R. Gaines

Theses and Dissertations

The initiative to reduce the Air Forces serious pilot shortage lead to the Pilot Training Next (PTN) program. Under PTN, student pilots progress at an individual rate while making increased use of simulator-based training resources. A previous thesis used data from the first PTN class to conceptualize and prototype a student training flight scheduler. This scheduler did not consider training events required to bring students back to achieved levels of performance if in fact that student performance had regressed. This thesis examines three classes of PTN student data to determine whether student regression in training progression can be detected. A …

Improving Air Battle Management Target Assignment Processes Via Approximate Dynamic Programming, Joseph M. Liles Iv

Theses and Dissertations

Military air battle managers face many challenges when directing operations in quickly evolving combat scenarios. These scenarios require rapid decisions to engage moving and unpredictable targets. In defensive operations, the success of a sequence of air battle management decisions is reflected by the friendly force's ability to maintain air superiority by defending friendly assets. We develop a Markov decision process (MDP) model of the air battle management (ABM)problem, wherein a set of unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAV) is tasked to defend a central asset from cruise missiles that arrive stochastically over time.

Bayesian Augmentation Of Cnn-Lstm For Video Classification With Uncertainty Measures, Emmie K. Swize

Theses and Dissertations

The success of Department of Defense (DoD) missions rely heavily on intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities, which supply information about the activities and resources of an enemy or adversary. To secure this information, satellites and unmanned aircraft systems collect video data to be classified by either humans or machine learning networks. Traditional automated video classification methods lack measures of uncertainty, meaning the network is unable to identify those cases in which it predictions are made with significant uncertainty. This leads to misclassification, as the traditional network classifies each observation with same amount of certainty, no matter what the observation …

Re-Aerosolization Of Dense Metal Oxide Simulating Radiological Contamination From Military Clothing, Joseph M. Chapman

Theses and Dissertations

Radiological contamination from nuclear accidents or the terrorist use of a Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) are events that first responders must be prepared for. It is currently assumed that removal of the victims clothing will remove 80-90 of contamination. Many RDD radioisotopes produce dense aerosols that would then contaminate victim clothing and re-aerosolize during clothing removal. A series of experiments were conducted during which clothing was contaminated with a dense aerosol simulating the radioisotope of Strontium 90. Compared to background, there was statistically significant re-aerosolization from the clothing. This demonstrates inhalation hazards from re-aerosolization of RDD contamination.

An Analysis Of Various Hydrogen Production Methods For Fleet Vehicle Fuel, Eugene J. Denezza Ii

Theses and Dissertations

As conflict, the environment, and politics cause changes around the world, the United States Air Force is pursuing a diversification of drop-in and alternative fuel sources. Hydrogen fuel cells for vehicles are gaining popularity worldwide. Yet, how to best produce hydrogen gas still remains a question. This thesis will provide an overview of various hydrogen production methods and their respective environmental impacts, costs, efficiencies, and viability; and will perform sensitivity analysis to determine an optimal solution. The optimal production method is Thermolysis followed by Steam Reformation of Landfill or Natural Gas, Coal Gasification, and PEM Electrolysis. Based on varying requirements …

Comparison Of Decision Analysis Methods For A Cubesat Propulsion System, Jared L. Pilcher

Theses and Dissertations

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is becoming an increasingly congested orbital regime. As a result, propulsion systems on CubeSats are becoming a more desirable feature to provide them with collision avoidance capabilities. To date, there have been very few CubeSat launches with a propulsion system on them. Due to the relatively high cost of a propulsion system compared to the budget of small educational organizations, a decision analysis model is needed so that these organizations can make the best decision between whether to purchase a Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) product or to develop one within the organization. This research applies three decision analysis …

The Effect Of Molar Peroxide Ratio On The Oxidation Of 2,4-Dinitroanisole In An Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diode Advanced Oxidation Process, Troy M. Searcy

Theses and Dissertations

Insensitive munitions (IMs) are increasingly employed by the U.S. military to prevent unintended detonations associated with conventional munitions. One IM used extensively is 2,4 dinitroanisole (DNAN). This research employed an ultraviolet light emitting diode (LED) and hydrogen peroxide advanced oxidation process (AOP) to treat DNAN-contaminated water at the laboratory scale. Five molar peroxide ratios (50:1, 100:1, 250:1, 500:1, 1000:1) were evaluated using the observed pseudo first-order rate constant as the performance metric. Both peroxide-limiting reactions and radical scavenging were observed over the range of ratios tested, with overall removal of DNAN decreasing above a ratio of 500:1.

Satellite Tracking With Neuromorphic Cameras For Space Domain Awareness, Joseph G. Bacon Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

A significant number of objects orbit the space around Earth. Each of these objects, be it debris, a functioning satellite, or even a staffed space station, circle the planet at extreme speeds relative to most objects on the Earth's surface. Any collision would result in disaster thanks to the extreme amount of kinetic energy involved. Space Domain Awareness (SDA) includes the detection, identification, cataloging, and tracking of orbiting objects to prevent such catastrophes. SDA is maintained in multiple ways to include radar, lidar, telescopes, and other sensors. This research investigates the maturing technology of neuromorphic cameras to determine their applicability …

The Impact Of Threat Levels At The Casualty Collection Point On Military Medical Evacuation System Performance, Nathaniel C. Dennie

Theses and Dissertations

One of the primary duties of the Military Health System is to provide effective and efficient medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) to injured battlefield personnel. To accomplish this, military medical planners seek to develop high-quality dispatching policies that dictate how deployed MEDEVAC assets are utilized throughout combat operations. This thesis seeks to determine dispatching policies that improve the performance of the MEDEVAC system. A discounted, infinite-horizon continuous-time Markov decision process (MDP) model is developed to examine the MEDEVAC dispatching problem. The model incorporates problem features that are not considered under the current dispatching policy (e.g., myopic policy), which tasks the closest-available MEDEVAC …

Evaluation Of Efficient Water Reuse Technologies For Sustainable Forward Operating Bases, Kelsie L. Crouch

Theses and Dissertations

A secure water source is essential to the resiliency and readiness of military installations and contingency operation locations, especially those located in the dry climates the US military operates in today. There are multiple issues of concern when identifying water sources, such as security, cleanliness, accessibility, and sustainability. Water resources pose a potential vulnerability to mission readiness in a remote, agile environment, such as a forward operating base (FOB). Having a secure water resource helps facilitate mission readiness in the contingency environment, offering the opportunity to be more resilient and cost-effective. Current water treatment technologies present the possibility to perform …

Accelerating Point Set Registration For Automated Aerial Refueling, Ryan M. Raettig

Theses and Dissertations

The goal of AAR is to control the tanker boom to safely refuel a receiving aircraft with no input or aid from the boom operator. To achieve this, the pose of the receiver relative to the tanker must be known. Point set registration is a fundamental issue used to estimate the relative pose of an object in an environment. However, it's likely a computational bottleneck of a vision processing pipeline. In addition, the matching of each sensed point with a closest truth point, nearest neighbor matching, is the most costly portion of the point set registration process. For this reason, …

Examining How Standby Assets Impact Optimal Dispatching Decisions Within A Military Medical Evacuation System Via A Markov Decision Process Model, Kylie Wooten

Theses and Dissertations

The Army medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) system ensures proper medical treatment is readily available to wounded soldiers on the battlefield. The objective of this research is to determine which MEDEVAC unit to task to an incoming 9-line MEDEVAC request and where to station a single standby unit to maximize patient survivability. A discounted, infinite-horizon continuous-time Markov decision process model is formulated to examine this problem. We design, develop, and test an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) technique that leverages a least squares policy evaluation value function approximation scheme within an approximate policy iteration algorithmic framework to solve practical-sized problem instances. A computational …

Enumerating And Locating Bluetooth Devices For Casualty Recovery In A First-Responder Environment, Justin M. Durham

Theses and Dissertations

It is difficult for first-responders to quickly locate casualties in an emergency environment such as an explosion or natural disaster. In order to provide another tool to locate individuals, this research attempts to identify and estimate the location of devices that would likely be located on or with a person. A variety of devices, such as phones, smartwatches, and Bluetooth-enabled locks, are tested in multiple environments and at various heights to determine the impact that placement and interference played in locating the devices. The hypothesis is that most Bluetooth devices can be successfully enumerated quickly, but cannot be accurately located …

Neuromorphic Vision Sensors For Space-Based Applications, Jessica L. Horn

Theses and Dissertations

This research examines the viability of event-based vision (neuromorphic) sensors for future use on satellites. Outputting single pixel events only when a change in intensity is detected, event-based vision sensors offer a potential low power, low latency, high temporal resolution, and high dynamic range solution as compared to traditional CCD or CMOS camera technology. The commercial off-the-shelf DVS240C sensor, is analyzed to determine if operability is affected by launch conditions and the low Earth space environment through vacuum, thermal vacuum, and vibration tests. No appreciable changes in sensor operation was observed throughout testing. Additionally, the sensor was able to detect …

Conventional Immunomarkers Stain A Fraction Of Astrocytes In Vitro: A Comparison Of Rat Cortical And Spinal Cord Astrocytes In Naïve And Stimulated Cultures, Bailey Balouch, Jessica L. Funnell, Alexis M. Ziemba, Devan L. Puhl, Kathy Lin, Manoj K. Gottipati, Ryan J. Gilbert

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Astrocytes are responsible for a wide variety of essential functions throughout the central nervous system. The protein markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST), glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1), glutamine synthetase (GS), 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (ALDH1L1), and the transcription factor SOX9 are routinely used to label astrocytes in primary rodent cultures. However, GLAST, GLT-1, GS, and SOX9 are also produced by microglia and oligodendrocytes and GFAP, GLAST, GLT-1, and GS production levels are affected by astrocyte phenotypic changes associated with reactive astrogliosis. No group has performed a comprehensive immunocytochemical evaluation to quantify the percentage of cells labeled by these markers …

Wg2An: Synthetic Wound Image Generation Using Generative Adversarial Network, Salih Sarp, Murat Kuzlu, Emmanuel Wilson, Ozgur Guler

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

In part due to its ability to mimic any data distribution, Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) algorithms have been successfully applied to many applications, such as data augmentation, text-to-image translation, image-to-image translation, and image inpainting. Learning from data without crafting loss functions for each application provides broader applicability of the GAN algorithm. Medical image synthesis is also another field that the GAN algorithm has great potential to assist clinician training. This paper proposes a synthetic wound image generation model based on GAN architecture to increase the quality of clinical training. The proposed model is trained on chronic wound datasets with various …

Research Progress On Transition State Of Organic Electrode Materials, Xue-Qian Zhang, Zhou-Guang Lu, Wei-Wei Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

With the increasing requirements for high energy density, long lifetime, high safety, environmentally friendly fabrication, and sustainable development of large energy storage devices, the society calls for new electrode materials in rechargeable batteries beyond traditional inorganic materials which are limited by specific capacity. Organic electrode materials have been widely used in rechargeable batteries due to their advantages of large theoretical capacity, designable structures and environmentally friendly fabrications. In this review, the radical intermediates of organic electrode materials produced in the charging-discharging process (redox reaction) and their types are systematically reviewed. The stability of radical intermediates controlled by changing the structure …

Renewable Energy Generation And Ghg Emission Reduction Potential Of A Satellitewater Reuse Plant By Using Solar Photovoltaics And Anaerobic Digestion, Jonathan R. Bailey, Saria Bukhary, Jacimaria R. Batista, Sajjad Ahmad

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research

Wastewater treatment is a very energy-intensive process. The growing population, increased demands for energy and water, and rising pollution levels caused by fossil-fuel-based energy generation, warrants the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. This research explored the energy consumption offset of a satellite water reuse plant (WRP) by using solar photovoltaics (PVs) and anaerobic digestion. The analysis was performed for two types of WRPs: conventional (conventional activated sludge system (CAS) bioreactor with secondary clarifiers and dual media filtration) and advanced (bioreactor with membrane filtration (MBR)) treatment satellite WRPs. The associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were also evaluated. For conventional …

Chilling And Heat Accumulation Of Fruit And Nut Trees And Flower Bud Vulnerability To Early Spring Low Temperatures In New Mexico: Meteorological Approach, Koffi Djaman, Komlan Koudahe, Murali Darapuneni, Suat Irkmak

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Fruit and nut trees production is an important activity across the southwest United States and this production is greatly impacted by the local climate. Temperature is the main environmental factor influencing the growth and the productivity of the fruit and nut trees as it affects the trees’ physiology and the vulnerability of flower bud, flowers, and young fruit and nut to the low temperatures or spring frost. The objective of the present study is to estimate the chilling and heat accumulation of fruit and nut trees across New Mexico. Three study sites as Fabian Garcia, Los Lunas, and Farmington were …

Local And Systemic In Vivo Responses To Osseointegrative Titanium Nanotube Surfaces, Erin A. Baker, Mackenzie M. Fleischer, Alexander D. Vara, Meagan R. Salisbury, Kevin C. Baker, Paul T. Fortin, Craig R. Friedrich

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Orthopedic implants requiring osseointegration are often surface modified; however, implants may shed these coatings and generate wear debris leading to complications. Titanium nanotubes (TiNT), a new surface treatment, may promote osseointegration. In this study, in vitro (rat marrow-derived bone marrow cell attachment and morphology) and in vivo (rat model of intramedullary fixation) experiments characterized local and systemic responses of two TiNT surface morphologies, aligned and trabecular, via animal and remote organ weight, metal ion, hematologic, and nondecalcified histologic analyses. In vitro experiments showed total adherent cells on trabecular and aligned TiNT surfaces were greater than control at 30 min and …

Obtaining Of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Kulonov Abdulaziz, Mirzarakhmetova Dilbar, Turaeva Nigora

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of this work was to develop a technology for obtaining bacterial exopolysaccharides. The problem was solved by using the bacterial strain Halovibrio variabilis UzAS3 as a polysaccharide producer. The optimal parameters of bacterial cultivation have been determined. A technological scheme for obtaining bacterial polysaccharides has been developed, which includes such stages as the cultivation of bacteria, the separation of bacterial biomass from the culture liquid, desalting, precipitation, washing and drying. The obtained results show that bacteria have a high potential for the yield of bacterial exopolysaccharides (7.1-9.5 mg/ml).

Mathematical Modeling Of The 3(Н)-Quinazolin-4-Onе Synthesis Process, Ziyadullayev Mirjalol, Karimov Rikhsibay, Abdurazakov Asqar, Parmonov Asqar

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim is to optimize the conditions for the synthesis of 3(H)-quinazolin-4-one by the method of mathematical modeling to develop a technology for producing the substance of a new domestic drug used in the treatment of farm animals from helminths. In mathematical modeling, the method of a small number of squares was used. Analytical dependences of the product yield on temperature, reaction time, and molar ratios of the starting materials were determined. A system of linear equations has been compiled. The system of linear equations was performed by the matrix method (A, B, C).The average reaction rate was determined. Based …

Ethinylation Reactions Of Some Aldehydes In The Presence Of Phenylacetylene Using High-Base Catalytic Systems, Abdurakhmanova Saida, Ikramov Abduvaxab, Ziyadullayev Odiljon, Ablakulov Lochin

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the research work is the development of synthesis methods of aromatic acetylene alcohols and their various derivatives using different catalytic systems and also, determining their structure, physico-chemical and biological properties. The most effective way of synthesizing AAA is determined using selected complex catalytic systems and also, the range of catalytic activity of used catalysts is created. Acetic aldehyde, benzaldehyde and cyclohexonal, high-base catalytic systems − MOH/ДМСО∙H2O and M2CO3/ДMСO∙H2O with phenylacetylene reaction of enantioselective etynilation were investiged. Efficiency and course of chemical reaction in the process of formation acetylene alcohol affection of temperature, reaction duration, solvents, catalysts and …

Synthesis Of Meta-Altered Arylmaleinamide And Preparation Of Esters In Their Presence, Turaeva Khurshida, Yuldasheva Mukhabbat, Khaydarova Sadokat

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The development of new methods of synthesis using cheaper reagents for the preparation of maleic acid derivatives, the study of chemical properties and the determination of new directions for the practical application of maleic acid derivatives are still relevant. Therefore, the development of this work is an urgent task. The aim of this study was to obtain the synthesis of monomaleinamide compounds under various conditions to obtain arylmaleimide derivatives of maleic acid and to transfer them in a pure state for further reactions. In this study, scientific studies were carried out to find convenient methods for the preparation of monoamide …

Synthesis And Spectroscopic Study Of Complex Compounds Of Mn(Ii), Co(Ii), Ni(Ii), Cu(Ii) And Zn(Ii) Acetates With 2-Aminobenzimidazole, Gapurova Lobar, Kadirova Shakhnoza, Rakhmonоva Dilnoza, Olimova Manzura

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the work is to develop a synthesis procedure and obtain new complex compounds of transition metal acetates with 2-aminobenzimidazole (L), to study the composition and structure of the synthesized compounds by elemental, thermal, X-ray phase analysis and IR spectroscopy. A procedure for the synthesis of new complex compounds of Mn(II), Cо(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn acetates with 2-aminobenzimidazole was developed and the composition and structure of the synthesized complex compounds were studied using modern physicochemical methods. Coordination competing donor centers, electronic and geometric structures of the ligand molecule were studied on the basis of a quantum-chemical calculation …

Review On Carbon Neutralization Associated With Coal Geology, Sang Shuxun, Wang Ran, Zhou Xiaozhi, Huang Huazhou, Liu Shiqi, Han Sijie

Coal Geology & Exploration

Coal-based carbon emissions constitute the largest part of China's total carbon emissions. Reducing coal-based carbon emissions and realizing the efficient, clean and low-carbon utilization of coal are the important ways to achieve the goal of "carbon neutralization". This paper systematically reviews the research fields of coal geology related to carbon neutralization, analyzes the role and application prospects of coal geology in carbon neutrality research and engineering practice, and discusses the development direction of coal geology in the context of carbon neutralization. The following understandings are obtained. Promoting clean coal geology research to advance the efficient and clean combustion of coal. …

Bibliometric Survey On Predictive Analysis Using Multiple Regression For Invoice Generation System, Chetana Nadekar, Subodh Awate, Dattatray Damse, Smita Khairnar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The research is exploring the opportunities available for the application of Predictive analysis using multi regression for invoice generation systems. We work by analyzing the data generated and saved in the database of the clinic. This database contains the financial operations along and also contains other useful information that is being gathered about the patients.

We are proposing a different approach for a billing system to make the task easier for the generation of invoices for the clinic. The mapping of the relational data and using a predictive model that is based on a regression analysis that will predict the …

Fluid Separation And Network Deformation In Wetting Of Soft And Swollen Surfaces, Zhuoyun Cai, Artem Skabeev, Svetlana Morozova, Jonathan T. Pham

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

When a water drop is placed onto a soft polymer network, a wetting ridge develops at the drop periphery. The height of this wetting ridge is typically governed by the drop surface tension balanced by elastic restoring forces of the polymer network. However, the situation is more complex when the network is swollen with fluid, because the fluid may separate from the network at the contact line. Here we study the fluid separation and network deformation at the contact line of a soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) network, swollen with silicone oil. By controlling both the degrees of crosslinking and swelling, we …