Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Engineering

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 30571 - 30600 of 34186

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Lean Product Development Flow, Bohdan W. Oppenheim Jan 2004

Lean Product Development Flow, Bohdan W. Oppenheim

Systems Engineering Faculty Works

A general holistic framework, also called a process—named “Lean Product Development Flow (LPDF)”—for organizing the engineering work of Product Development (PD), has been proposed as a contribution to the emerging field of Lean Systems Engineering. The framework is based on Lean Principles, with emphasis on PD value-pulling workflow pulsed by takt periods. The value is defined as (1) mission assurance/product quality, (the traditional goals of Systems Engineering) and (2) reduced program cost and schedule achieved by a radical reduction of waste. LPDF is recommended for smaller design programs based on a high degree of legacy knowledge, with technologies mature enough …

Go to article

Residual Effects Of Manure And Compost Applications On Corn Production And Soil Properties, Bahman Eghball, Daniel Ginting, John E. Gilley Jan 2004

Residual Effects Of Manure And Compost Applications On Corn Production And Soil Properties, Bahman Eghball, Daniel Ginting, John E. Gilley

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Residual effects of manure or compost application on crop production and soil properties can last for several years. This study was conducted to evaluate residual effects of annual or biennial applications of N- and P-based composted and non-composted beef cattle (Bos Taurus) feedlot manure, chemical fertilizer, and no-treatment check on corn (Zea mays L.) production and soil properties. Manure and compost were applied from 1992 to 1995, and the residual effects were determined from 1997 to 1999. Residual effects of N- and P-based manure and compost applications on corn grain yield and N uptake lasted for at …

Go to article

Changes In Composition And Thermal Transition Temperatures Of Grain Sorghum Wax During Storage, Keum Taek Hwang, Curtis L. Weller, Susan L. Cuppett, Milford Hanna Jan 2004

Changes In Composition And Thermal Transition Temperatures Of Grain Sorghum Wax During Storage, Keum Taek Hwang, Curtis L. Weller, Susan L. Cuppett, Milford Hanna

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) wax is composed mainly of aldehydes, alcohols, and acids. Aldehydes, comprising about one-half of the wax, are readily converted to acids in presence of air. In this study, whole sorghum wax and an aldehyde fraction from sorghum wax were subjected to oxidative conditions. Changes in the major components and thermal transition temperatures were determined using HPLC and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), respectively. The aldehyde fraction was oxidized markedly to acids over 4 months in storage at room temperature. Acid content, in the fraction, was initially 5–7% and increased to 42–51% after 135 days in …

Go to article

Controlled Release Systems For Dna Delivery, Angela K. Pannier, Lonnie D Shea Jan 2004

Controlled Release Systems For Dna Delivery, Angela K. Pannier, Lonnie D Shea

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Adapting controlled release technologies to the delivery of DNA has the potential to overcome extracellular barriers that limit gene therapy. Controlled release systems can enhance gene delivery and increase the extent and duration of transgene expression relative to more traditional delivery methods (e.g., injection). These systems typically deliver vectors locally, which can avoid distribution to distant tissues, decrease toxicity to nontarget cells, and reduce the immune response to the vector. Delivery vehicles for controlled release are fabricated from natural and synthetic polymers, which function either by releasing the vector into the local tissue environment or by maintaining the vector at …

Go to article

Development Of An Instrumented Deep−Tillage Implement For Sensing Of Soil Mechanical Resistance, Viacheslav I. Adamchuk, Andrey V. Skotnikov, Justin D. Speichinger, Michael F. Kocher Jan 2004

Development Of An Instrumented Deep−Tillage Implement For Sensing Of Soil Mechanical Resistance, Viacheslav I. Adamchuk, Andrey V. Skotnikov, Justin D. Speichinger, Michael F. Kocher

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Variable−depth tillage has the potential for economic and environmental benefits to modern crop production. Varying tillage depth according to local soil conditions prevents the waste of energy and preserves soil ecology. A prototype instrumentation system was developed based on a conventional implement for deep tillage. It was equipped with two load cells and two sets of strain gauges for sensing the load applied to the implement during tillage. Two linear pressure distribution models (full and redundant) were used to describe the change of soil mechanical resistance with depth. These models were then used to compare estimates of soil mechanical resistance …

Go to article

Predicting Tractor Fuel Consumption, Robert D. Grisso, Michael F. Kocher, David H. Vaughan Jan 2004

Predicting Tractor Fuel Consumption, Robert D. Grisso, Michael F. Kocher, David H. Vaughan

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Reports from the Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory (NTTL) show improved fuel efficiency during the past 20 years. A 4.8% decrease in average annual specific volumetric fuel consumption for the data used in the ASAE Standards was shown. Using fuel consumption and power data from the NTTL reports, new equations for fuel consumption were established that predict fuel consumption for diesel engines during full and partial loads and under conditions when engine speeds are reduced from full throttle.

Go to article

Field Efficiency Determination Using Traffic Pattern Indices, Robert D. Grisso, Michael F. Kocher, Viacheslav I. Adamchuk, Paul J. Jasa, Mark A. Schroeder Jan 2004

Field Efficiency Determination Using Traffic Pattern Indices, Robert D. Grisso, Michael F. Kocher, Viacheslav I. Adamchuk, Paul J. Jasa, Mark A. Schroeder

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Field efficiency is an important criterion for determining field capacity during field operations and, indirectly, for making important machinery management decisions. Geographic location data gathered with a yield monitor during harvest and a data logger during planting were used to provide time−motion studies of equipment and operator productivity. This study used these spatial and temporal data to quantify field performance of a combine and a planter. Seven Nebraska fields were used to compare results from soybean and corn production systems. Fields that were relatively flat with straight rows were contrasted with contoured fields with slopes of 3% to 5%. Two …

Go to article

Measurement And Analyses Of Growth And Stress Parameters Of Viburnum Odoratissimum (Ker-Gawl) Grown In A Multi-Pot Box System, Suat Irmak, Dorota Z. Haman, Ayse Kilic, James W. Jones, Kenneth L. Campbell, Thomas L. Crisman Jan 2004

Measurement And Analyses Of Growth And Stress Parameters Of Viburnum Odoratissimum (Ker-Gawl) Grown In A Multi-Pot Box System, Suat Irmak, Dorota Z. Haman, Ayse Kilic, James W. Jones, Kenneth L. Campbell, Thomas L. Crisman

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Two colors (white and black) of a recently introduced irrigation-plant production system [multi-pot box system (MPBS)] for container-grown nurseries were researched and results were compared with those obtained from the sprinkler-irrigated conventional (control) system (CS). Experiments were carried out in summer and fall of 2001 in Gainesville, Fla. Plant growth [growth index (GI), growth rate (GR), and dry matter] and stress parameters[stomatal resistance (rs), crop water stress index (CWSI), plant water potential (PWP), and substrate temperature (ST)] were measured and analyzed for Viburnum odoratissimum (Ker-gawl). In both seasons, plants grown in the white MPBS has significantly higher GI …

Go to article

The Ecology Of Interorganizational Information Sharing, Jane Fedorowicz, Janis L. Gogan, Amy W. Ray Jan 2004

The Ecology Of Interorganizational Information Sharing, Jane Fedorowicz, Janis L. Gogan, Amy W. Ray

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Increasingly, companies use interorganizational information systems to support business process partnerships, such as automatic replenishment systems and other supply chain initiatives, invoicing and payments, and insurance claims processing. Inter-firm networking in turn can increase the visibility of information generated and used by business partners. These business partners may experience intended and unintended impacts from the changes in the partnering relationship, in effect altering the ecology of the organization. Yet IT researchers rarely study an organization’s ecology, focusing instead on impacts upon internal processes. Our goal in this paper is to propose a definition of interorganizational information ecology, to provide IT …

Go to article

A Conceptual Framework For E-Branding Strategies In The Non-Profit Sector, Horst Treiblmaier, Irene Pollach, Arne Floh Jan 2004

A Conceptual Framework For E-Branding Strategies In The Non-Profit Sector, Horst Treiblmaier, Irene Pollach, Arne Floh

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

E-branding provides non-profit organizations (NPOs) with new opportunities to communicate their missions, which is of paramount importance in a market segment that competes for donations and voluntary labor. Since successful e-branding is determined by both internal and external communication strategies, we developed a framework which explains the interdependency of these two factors in NPOs. Our findings are based on qualitative interview data and a website analysis of eleven Austrian NPOs. The NPOs' internal and external e-communication strategies are categorized into three successive levels each and combined in a two-dimensional grid, which shows how NPOs integrate their communication strategies.

Go to article

Material Selection For A Composite Hip Joint, Ahmed Abdullah Ali Al-Hosani Jan 2004

Material Selection For A Composite Hip Joint, Ahmed Abdullah Ali Al-Hosani

Theses

The use of biomaterials in orthopedic surgery has been successfully acceptable in the current medical practice. Total hip joint replacement (THR) is one of the most popular and successful operations in orthopedics. Total hip replacement (THR) has been using metal prosthesis for many years. However, the use of metal implants has two major disadvantages. The first disadvantage is that the stiffness of the metallic prosthesis is relatively high compared to the surrounding, load carrying bone. The elastic moduli of titanium and cobalt-chromium alloy are 110 and 210 GPa, respectively. Whereas the elastic modulus of cortical bone ranges from 15 to …

Go to article

Multiple Scattering Of Light In Inhomogeneous Media And Applications, Claudia Mujat Jan 2004

Multiple Scattering Of Light In Inhomogeneous Media And Applications, Claudia Mujat

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Light scattering-based techniques are being developed for non-invasive diagnostics of inhomogeneous media in various fields, such as medicine, biology, and material characterization. However, as most media of interest are highly scattering and have a complex structure, it is difficult to obtain a full analytical solution of the scattering problem without introducing approximations and assumptions about the properties of the system under consideration. Moreover, most of the previous studies deal with idealized scattering situations, rarely encountered in practice. This dissertation provides new analytical, numerical, and experimental solutions to describe subtle effects introduced by the properties of the light sources, and by …

Go to article

Water Quality Variations During Nitrification In Drinking Water Distribution Systems, David W. Webb Jan 2004

Water Quality Variations During Nitrification In Drinking Water Distribution Systems, David W. Webb

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis documents the relationship among the major water quality parameters during a nitrification episode. Nitrification unexpectedly occurred in a chloraminated pilot drinking water distribution system practicing with a 4.0 mg/L as Cl2 residual dosed at 4.5:1 Cl2:NH3-N. Surface, ground and sea water were treated and disinfected with monochloramines to produce finished water quality similar to regional utility water quality. PVC, galvanized, unlined cast iron and lined iron pipes were harvested from regional distribution systems and used to build eighteen pilot distribution systems (PDSs). The PDSs were operated at a 5-day hydraulic residence time (HRT) and ambient temperatures. As seasonal …

Go to article

Evolving Models From Observed Human Performance, Hans Karl Gustav Fernlund Jan 2004

Evolving Models From Observed Human Performance, Hans Karl Gustav Fernlund

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To create a realistic environment, many simulations require simulated agents with human behavior patterns. Manually creating such agents with realistic behavior is often a tedious and time-consuming task. This dissertation describes a new approach that automatically builds human behavior models for simulated agents by observing human performance. The research described in this dissertation synergistically combines Context-Based Reasoning, a paradigm especially developed to model tactical human performance within simulated agents, with Genetic Programming, a machine learning algorithm to construct the behavior knowledge in accordance to the paradigm. This synergistic combination of well-documented AI methodologies has resulted in a new algorithm that …

Go to article

Finite Element Analysis Of A Test Specimen For Strength Of A Co-Polymer Layer At A Bone-Implant Interface, Nitin Chhabra Jan 2004

Finite Element Analysis Of A Test Specimen For Strength Of A Co-Polymer Layer At A Bone-Implant Interface, Nitin Chhabra

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this work is to evaluate the mechanical strength of a co-polymer of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and methylmethacrylate (MMA), so that it can be applied as an interfacial layer between bone cement and steel implants to improve their performance and life. Finite element (FE) analysis techniques are used to assess the behavior of the interface layer under static and dynamic loading conditions. The material property of the co-polymer is a function of its composition and water saturation. The factors affecting the strength of the bone-implant interface are many. Implant interfacial fracture can lead to decreased stability. Fatigue life is …

Go to article

Basic Study Of Micromachined Dep (Dielectrophoretic) Manipulator, Vivek Sundaram Jan 2004

Basic Study Of Micromachined Dep (Dielectrophoretic) Manipulator, Vivek Sundaram

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The capability of manipulating microparticle in small volumes is fundamental to many biological and medical applications, including separation and detection of cells. The development of microtools for effective sample handling and separation in such volumes is still a challenge. DEP (dielectrophoresis) is one of the most widely used methods in handling the microparticles. In this thesis we show that forces generated by nonuniform electric field (DEP) can be used for trapping and separating the microparticles (latex beads). This work further explores the DEP force based on different electrode geometries and medium conductivity. A micromanipulator for latex bead separation was designed, …

Go to article

Degradation Of Halogenated Aliphatic Compounds In Sequential Anaerobic, Scott Hoxworth Jan 2004

Degradation Of Halogenated Aliphatic Compounds In Sequential Anaerobic, Scott Hoxworth

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to utilize an alternating anaerobic/aerobic sequence to biologically transform perchloroethylene to non-hazardous end products such as ethylene, CO2 and H2 using a single microbial consortia in a methanogenic and/or a homoacetogenic environment followed by a aerobic methanotrophic environment. Reductive dechlorination of PCE and TCE to cDCE and VC in an anaerobic environment is typically carried out by methanogens, sulfidogens, or homoacetogens but often (e.g. in-situ) leads to an accumulation of daughter compounds (cDCE, VC) which are more toxic than their parent compounds (PCE, TCE). Furthermore, PCE is resistant to degradation in aerobic environments while …

Go to article

Toward Building A Social Robot With An Emotion-Based Internal Control, Andreas Marpaung Jan 2004

Toward Building A Social Robot With An Emotion-Based Internal Control, Andreas Marpaung

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, we aim at modeling some aspects of the functional role of emotions on an autonomous embodied agent. We begin by describing our robotic prototype, Cherry--a robot with the task of being a tour guide and an office assistant for the Computer Science Department at the University of Central Florida. Cherry did not have a formal emotion representation of internal states, but did have the ability to express emotions through her multimodal interface. The thesis presents the results of a survey we performed via our social informatics approach where we found that: (1) the idea of having emotions …

Go to article

Dewatering Of Biosolids By Sodium Ferrate, Andrea Rios Jan 2004

Dewatering Of Biosolids By Sodium Ferrate, Andrea Rios

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the liquid form of ferrate for dewatering of biosolids from wastewater treatment facilities. Two different ferrate products prepared using calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite were used. Samples of anaerobic digested sludge and waste activated sludge with solids content of 2.1% and 0.95 %, respectively were conditioned with both products to evaluate and compare their effectiveness. Centrifugation and filtration of the sludge after conditioning were used. For centrifugation the volume reduction and the turbidity of the supernatant after centrifugation were evaluated. For filtration, the Capillary Suction Time test was used. The optimum …

Go to article

Low Power Cmos Circuit Design And Reliability Analysis For Wireless Me, Md Anwar Sadat Jan 2004

Low Power Cmos Circuit Design And Reliability Analysis For Wireless Me, Md Anwar Sadat

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A sensor node 'AccuMicroMotion' is proposed that has the ability to detect motion in 6 degrees of freedom for the application of physiological activity monitoring. It is expected to be light weight, low power, small and cheap. The sensor node may collect and transmit 3 axes of acceleration and 3 axes of angular rotation signals from MEMS transducers wirelessly to a nearby base station while attached to or implanted in human body. This dissertation proposes a wireless electronic system-on-a-single-chip to implement the sensor in a traditional CMOS process. The system is low power and may operate 50 hours from a …

Go to article

Commissioning Of An Arc-Melting/Vacuum Quench Furnace Facility For Fabrication Of Ni-Ti-Fe Shape Memory Alloys, And The Characterization, Jagat Singh Jan 2004

Commissioning Of An Arc-Melting/Vacuum Quench Furnace Facility For Fabrication Of Ni-Ti-Fe Shape Memory Alloys, And The Characterization, Jagat Singh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Shape memory alloys when deformed can produce strains as high as 8%. Heating results in a phase transformation and associated recovery of all the accumulated strain, a phenomenon known as shape memory. This strain recovery can occur against large forces, resulting in their use as actuators. The goal of this project is to lower the operating temperature range of shape memory alloys in order for them to be used in cryogenic switches, seals, valves, fluid-line repair and self-healing gaskets for space related technologies. The Ni-Ti-Fe alloy system, previously used in Grumman F-14 aircrafts and activated at 120 K, is further …

Go to article

Polarimetric Characterization Of Random Electromagnetic Beams And Applications, Mircea Mujat Jan 2004

Polarimetric Characterization Of Random Electromagnetic Beams And Applications, Mircea Mujat

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Polarimetry is one of the principal means of investigating the interaction of light with matter. Theoretical models and experimental techniques are presented in this dissertation for polarimetric characterization of random electromagnetic beams and of signatures of random media in different scattering regimes and configurations. The degree of polarization rather than the full description of the state of polarization is of interest in multiple scattering and free space propagation where the statistical nature and not the deterministic component of light bears the relevant information. A new interferometric technique for determining the degree of polarization by measuring the intensity fluctuations in a …

Go to article

Towards Direct Writing Of 3-D Photonic Circuits Using Ultrafast Lasers, Arnaud Zoubir Jan 2004

Towards Direct Writing Of 3-D Photonic Circuits Using Ultrafast Lasers, Arnaud Zoubir

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The advent of ultrafast lasers has enabled micromachining schemes that cannot be achieved by other current techniques. Laser direct writing has emerged as one of the possible routes for fabrication of optical waveguides in transparent materials. In this thesis, the advantages and limitations of this technique are explored. Two extended-cavity ultrafast lasers were built and characterized as the laser sources for this study, with improved performance over existing systems. Waveguides are fabricated in oxide glass, chalcogenide glass, and polymers, these being the three major classes of materials for the telecommunication industry. Standard waveguide metrology is performed on the fabricated waveguides, …

Go to article

Low-Frequency Surface Wave Propagation And The Viscoelastic Behavior Of Porcine Skin, Donald D. Duncan, Sean J. Kirkpatrick, Li Fang Jan 2004

Low-Frequency Surface Wave Propagation And The Viscoelastic Behavior Of Porcine Skin, Donald D. Duncan, Sean J. Kirkpatrick, Li Fang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A physical model describing the propagation of lowfrequency surface waves in relation to the viscoelastic behavior of porcine skin is presented, along with a series of empirical studies testing the performance of the model. The model assumes that the skin behaves as a semi-infinite, locally isotropic, viscoelastic halfspace. While the assumption of a semi-infinite body is violated, this violation does not appear to have a significant impact on the performance of the model based on the empirical studies. 1-Hz surface waves in the skin propagate primarily as Rayleigh waves with a wavelength and velocity of approximately 3 m and 3.0 …

Go to article

Software For Optimizing International Water Resources Management, Richard C. Peralta, S. Wu Jan 2004

Software For Optimizing International Water Resources Management, Richard C. Peralta, S. Wu

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

The Simulation/Optimization MOdeling System (SOMOS) has modules adapted for a range of international water resource management needs. The SOMOA module is best for field groundwater and conjunctive water management situations. It employs several analytical simulation models and several optimization methods to give appropriate optimal guidance for situations having sparse data. SOMOA requires understanding of the limitations of common analytical equations. It does not require experience in finite difference or element numerical modeling. SOMOS also has modules ideal for situations in which there is sufficient data for numerical modeling or aquifer and stream-aquifer systems. Emphasized here are SOMOA and its applications …

Go to article

Multi-Objective Conjunctive Use Optimization, H. C. Fayad, Richard C. Peralta Jan 2004

Multi-Objective Conjunctive Use Optimization, H. C. Fayad, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper presents a simulation/optimization model based on artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms for solving multi-objective conjunctive water use problems. The model simulates and optimizes water flows in a hydraulically connected reservoir-stream-aquifer system. It is a powerful tool to help water managers and authorities in developing conjunctive water management strategies and evaluating tradeoffs between conflicting goals.

Go to article

Optimization Modeling For Groundwater And Conjunctive Use Water Policy Development, Richard C. Peralta, R. Shulstad Jan 2004

Optimization Modeling For Groundwater And Conjunctive Use Water Policy Development, Richard C. Peralta, R. Shulstad

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Planners must sometimes decide how to restrict or reduce groundwater use to prevent unacceptable future problems. Often there are several alternatives (policies). Comparing policies can involve formulating a sustained groundwater yield optimization problem and computing an optimal groundwater pumping strategy for each. This is easy via the SOMOS simulation/optimization (S/O) model. Subsequent analysis can include: flow simulation to predict transient water level response to pumping; and economic evaluation to estimate costs and returns. Two examples predict the best consequences of potential physical and legal management policies for alluvial and valley basin fill aquifers hydraulically linked to surface waters. Results show …

Go to article

Neural Network Based Classification Of Road Pavement Structures, V. Venayagamoorthy, D. Allopi, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy Jan 2004

Neural Network Based Classification Of Road Pavement Structures, V. Venayagamoorthy, D. Allopi, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Roads have formed the basic infrastructure of commerce since flints and other tools and artifacts were first exchanged along the trade routes of prehistory. Roadways are very large, in volume, in extent, and in value. They also wear out, and their useful life is directly proportional to their initial strength and inversely proportional to the number of heavy goods vehicles using them. Therefore, the increasing complexity of road transportation needs advanced techniques for effective design of pavements. This paper proposes an intelligent technique using neural networks to classify different types of road pavement structures, which is essential in estimating bearing …

Go to article

Inference Of Genetic Regulatory Networks With Recurrent Neural Network Models, Rui Xu, Xiao Hu, Donald C. Wunsch Jan 2004

Inference Of Genetic Regulatory Networks With Recurrent Neural Network Models, Rui Xu, Xiao Hu, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Large-scale gene expression data coming from microarray experiments provide us a new means to reveal fundamental cellular processes, investigate functions of genes, and understand relations and interactions among them. To infer genetic regulatory networks from these data with effective computational tools has become increasingly important Several mathematical models, including Boolean networks, Bayesian networks, dynamic Bayesian networks, and linear additive regulation models, have been used to explore the behaviors of regulatory networks. In this paper, we investigate the inference of genetic regulatory networks from time series gene expression in the framework of recurrent neural network model.

Go to article

Evaluation Of Pollution Loading Into Msimbazi River By Rapid Assessment And Direct Measurement Methods, J. H. Y. Katima Dec 2003

Evaluation Of Pollution Loading Into Msimbazi River By Rapid Assessment And Direct Measurement Methods, J. H. Y. Katima

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper assesses the suitability of Rapid Assessment (RA) methodology as a tool for making an environmental pollution inventory in data poor situation. The RA method was applied to estimate Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), nitrogen and phosphorous loading into the Msimbazi River in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. The Direct Measurement (DM) was done to validate the results obtained from RA. The methodology is based on estimating waste loads from function variables such as production rate, population, etc. and pollution intensities from domestic, industry and agricultural sources. The incorporation of penetration factors for waste loads reduction refines the assessment procedure. The …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last