Digital Commons Network^™

Efficient Phosphate Removal From Water Using Ductile Cast Iron Waste: A Response Surface Methodology Approach, Mai Hassan Roushdy Dr., Nada Amr El-Khashab Eng,, Ahmed Ibrahim Osman Dr., Dalia Amer Ali Dr.

Chemical Engineering

Water scarcity is a critical issue worldwide. This study explores a novel method for addressing this issue by using ductile cast iron (DCI) solid waste as an adsorbent for phosphate ions, supporting the circular economy in water remediation. The solid waste was characterized using XRD, XRF, FTIR, and particle size distribution. Wastewater samples of different phosphate ion concentrations are prepared, and the solid waste is used as an adsorbent to adsorb phosphate ions using different adsorbent doses and process time. The removal percentage is attained through spectrophotometer analysis and experimental results are optimized to get the optimum conditions using Design …

Predictive Residual Neural Networks For Optical Trapping Of Small Particles, Nasim Mohammadi Estrakhri, Ponthea Zahraii, Saman Kashanchi, Nooshin M. Estakhri

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Optical tweezers provide a non-contact method to trap, move, and manipulate micro- and nano-sized objects. Using properly designed dielectric and plasmonic nanostructure configurations, optical tweezers have been tailored to create stable and precise trapping for nanoscale objects. Recent advances in numerical optimization techniques allow further enhancement in nanoscale optical traps through inverse optimization of such configurations. One of the main challenges in such optimization approaches is the time-consuming nature of full-wave simulation of nanostructures and postprocessing steps to extract optical forces. To address this challenge, we introduce a surrogate solver based on residual neural networks that can accurately predict the …

Instructional Systems Design: The Diffusion And Adoption Of Technology: (Volume 2), Cassandra Celaya (Author), Pamela J. Downing (Author), Jessica Shifflett (Author), Debbie Gdula (Author), Tracie Barr (Author), Miguel Ramlatchan (Author & Editor)

University Administration Bookshelf

Instructional designers, instructional systems designers, and other educational technologists are, by their nature, innovators. These professionals apply and extend the applied science of learning, systems, communication, and instructional design theory to help students learn. Technology in some capacity is used to make the connections between subject matter experts, teachers, instructors, and their learners. It is common for instructional designers to seek new tools, techniques, and innovations for the improvement of learning, access, quality, and student satisfaction. However, the adoption and diffusion of new educational technology and innovation is a complex process that depends on many variables. Understanding these processes and …

Impulse, Fall 2024, Jill Fier, Micayla Standish, Jerome J. Lohr College Of Engineering

Impulse (Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering Publication)

2 | Math Teacher Counts Her Blessings
3 | New Roles for Burckhard
4 | Three New Department Heads
6 | New Faculty and Staff
8 | Taking Engineering on The Road
10 | Dennis Helder Named Distinguished Alum
12 | Mccomish Endowment Making an Impact
14 | Innovate Sodak Supports Local Projects
16 | R1 the SDSU Way
18 | Nation’s Top Civil Engineering Student Chapter
22 | Hunter Wallster Setting Records
24 | Jenna Currier: When Passion Meets Talent
28 | Student Teams Compete
30 | RASC-AL Team Overcomes Setback
32 | Break the Ice Team Comes Home …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 65 Number 2, Fall 2024 [Print Issue 62:2], Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

12 - INCREASING ACCESS Discerning one’s dream requires a whole set of experiences based on community, opportunity, and, yes, cash. Leslie Griffy

16 - UNPACKING UTOPIA It seems like billionaire-backed utopias are popping up all over the map. What does it take to build a perfect city? Lauren Loftus

22 - A WEALTH OF WELL-BEING In his new book, Professor Meir Statman explores a holistic approach to financial and life well-being. Leslie Griffy

26 - A WOMAN'S PLACE Despite being denied access to the priesthood, Catholic women find new ways to lead. Leslie Griffy

Unveiling Similarities In The Code Of Life: A Detailed Exploration Of Dna Sequence Matching Algorithm, Mahmoud Y. Shams, Romany M. Farag, Dalia A. Aldawody, Huda E. Khalid, Ahmed K. Essa, Hazem M. El-Bakry, A. A. Salama

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Identifying similar DNA sequences is crucial in various biological research endeavors. This paper delves into the intricate workings of a specific algorithm designed for this purpose. We provide a systematic explanation, exploring how the algorithm handles user input, reads stored DNA sequences, utilizes the Word2Vec model for vector representation, and calculates sequence similarity using diverse metrics like Cosine Similarity and Neutrosophic Distance. Additionally, the paper explores the incorporation of neutrosophic values to account for uncertainty in the comparisons. Finally, we discuss the extraction of results, including matched sequences, similarity scores, and accuracy measures. This in-depth exploration provides a clear understanding …

Advances In Biomedical Research And Treatments: What Is Acceptable?, Michael L. Clancy, Khalid M. Iskandarani, Mitchell C. Mccrea

Journal of Health Ethics

This study investigated the technology acceptance (TA) of twenty-first century biomedical treatments by adults in the United States. A new TA instrument was created, using five distinct levels: (1) Healing and Prevention, (2) Replacement Organs, (3) Enhancements-Medical, (4) Enhancements-Discretionary, and (5) Transhumans. An on-line survey produced 353 usable responses, which showed distinct patterns for each of five biomedical treatment levels. There was clear support for Levels 1–3, but very strong opposition to Levels 4–5. The TA finding draws the line between which human interventions are acceptable versus others that should be prohibited through public policies and medical guidelines.

H2d: Hierarchical Heterogeneous Graph Learning Framework For Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction, Ran Zhang, Xuezhi Wang, Sheng Wang, Kunpeng Liu, Yuanchun Zhou, Pengfei Wang

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Accurately predicting Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs) is critical to designing effective drug combination therapies. Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered DDI prediction approaches have emerged as a new paradigm. However, most existing methods oversimplify the complex hierarchical structure within molecules and overlook the multi-source heterogeneous information external to molecules, limiting their modeling and predictive capabilities. To address this, we propose a Hierarchical Heterogeneous graph learning framework for DDI prediction, namely H2D. H2D employs an internal-toexternal, local-to-global hierarchical perspective, exploiting intramolecular multi-granularity structures and inter-molecular biomedical interactions to mutually enhance across hierarchical levels. Extensive experimental results demonstrate H2D’s effectiveness on three …

Eco-Friendly Packaging: Changing The Norm, Victoria C. Hoffmann, Mujde Erten-Unal

OUR Journal: ODU Undergraduate Research Journal

Packaging is an essential aspect of our daily life routines and is integral in preserving, protecting, informing, and selling the products we rely on. The advent of plastic packaging has allowed us to meet the rising consumer demand for efficient and economical packaging solutions. However, plastic packaging has also emerged as a significant contributor to environmental degradation. This review highlights the growing need for eco-friendly packaging alternatives, given the harmful impact of current packaging practices. It delves into several proposed sustainable packaging solutions and their limitations, and outlines strategic initiatives for safer packaging. As a society, it is critical to …

2024 (Fall) Ensi Informer Magazine, Morehead State University. Engineering Sciences Department

ENSI Informer Magazine Archive

The ENSI Informer Magazine published in the fall of 2024.

Delivery Of Tgfβ3 From Magnetically Responsive Coaxial Fibers Reduces Spinal Cord Astrocyte Reactivity In Vitro, Jessica L. Funnell, Jasper Fougere, Diana Zahn, Silvio Dutz, Ryan J. Gilbert

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A spinal cord injury (SCI) compresses the spinal cord, killing neurons and glia at the injury site and resulting in prolonged inflammation and scarring that prevents regeneration. Astrocytes, the main glia in the spinal cord, become reactive following SCI and contribute to adverse outcomes. The anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFβ3) has been shown to mitigate astrocyte reactivity; however, the effects of prolonged TGFβ3 exposure on reactive astrocyte phenotype have not yet been explored. This study investigates whether magnetic core-shell electro spun fibers can be used to alter the release rate of TGFβ3 using externally applied magnetic fields, …

Morphology Of The Normative Human Cone Photoreceptor Mosaic And A Publicly Available Adaptive Optics Montage Repository, Robert F. Cooper, Snega Kalaparambath, Geoffrey K. Aguirre, Jessica I. W. Morgan

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy has enabled visualization of the in vivo human photoreceptor mosaic in health, disease and its treatment. Despite this, the clinical utility of the imaging technology has been limited by a lack of automated analysis techniques capable of accurately quantifying photoreceptor structure and a lack of an available normative image database. Here, we present a fully automated algorithm for estimating cone spacing and density over a complete adaptive optics montage along with a database of normative images and cone densities. We imaged the cone mosaics surrounding the fovea and along the horizontal and vertical meridians of fifty normal-sighted …

A Sophisticated Model Of Human Atherosclerosis On A Chip, Brandon J. Tefft

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Feasibility Study Of Oyster Shell Filtration Media For Stormwater Pollutants Removal, Sadiq Omer

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The depletion of resources has raised interest in reusing or incorporating by-products into alternative materials. In the effort for net zero emissions, waste reduction, and a circular economy, it is crucial to reinvent the alternative utilization strategy for by-products as construction materials sustainably. This research examines the alternative utilization strategy for oyster shell by-products in regular stormwater pollutant removal best management practices (BMPs).

Numerous research has examined the utilization of oyster shell waste as a construction material in Asia and Europe, specifically focusing on the physical properties of crushed oyster shells as alternatives for aggregates. No studies have been identified …

A Theoretical Framework For Resilience In Complex System Governance (Csg), Susan A. Caskey

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation addresses a critical gap in resilience research within complex systems by developing a theoretical framework for governance resilience—an underexplored area despite governance's crucial role in maintaining system resilience. Using the Complex System Governance (CSG) framework (Keating, Katina, Chesterman, et al., 2022; Keating & Katina, 2019), resilience is conceptualized as a system's ability to absorb disturbances while sustaining performance and enabling adaptive transformation. This involves three main capabilities: persistence, adaptability, and transformation in response to both internal and external pressures.

Through a constructivist grounded theory approach involving iterative coding, memoing, and theory development, this study inductively constructs a governance …

Radiopaque Femnn-Mo Composite Drawn Filled Tubing Wires For Braided Absorbable Neurovascular Devices, Adam J. Griebel, Petra Maier, Henry D. Summers, Benjamin Clausius, Isabella Kanasty, Weilue He, Nicholas Peterson, Carolyn Czerniak, Alexander A. Oliver, David F. Kallmes, Ramanathan Kadirvel, Jeremy E. Schaffer, Roger J. Guillory

Michigan Tech Publications

Flow diverter devices are small stents used to divert blood flow away from aneurysms in the brain, stagnating flow and inducing intra-aneurysmal thrombosis which in time will prevent aneurysm rupture. Current devices are formed from thin (∼25 μm) wires which will remain in place long after the aneurysm has been mitigated. As their continued presence could lead to secondary complications, an absorbable flow diverter which dissolves into the body after aneurysm occlusion is desirable. The absorbable metals investigated to date struggle to achieve the necessary combination of strength, elasticity, corrosion rate, fragmentation resistance, radiopacity, and biocompatibility. This work proposes and …

Assessing Safety Culture: Lessons From The Aviation Industry, Mirrette Gendi, Cheri L. Marcham, Michael O'Toole

Publications

SAFETY CULTURE has been a topic of debate in academia as much as it has been in the practice of various industries (Zohar, 2010). Although the concept and definition of safety culture and what it entails have consumed much of the debate, the assessment of safety culture has been the most controversial. Yet, on the academic level, the topic of monitoring and measuring safety culture has seen limited research that offers reliable and valid assessment tools (Goodheart & Smith, 2014), especially when compared to the importance of safety culture as a component of a safety management system (SMS).

Burn Cost Modeling For Surface Grinding Optimization, Taiwo Fasae

Dissertations (1934 -)

Surface grinding plays a pivotal role in the machining industry, constituting roughly 25% of all machining operations worldwide. Its precision and efficiency are crucial, particularly in sectors requiring high-quality surface finishes, such as aerospace and semiconductor manufacturing. For thermal damage prevention, traditional approaches to parameter selection use thresholds to exclude burn-prone parameters. However, by omitting the cost of burn, the threshold-exclusion strategy yields outcomes that fail to reflect the true costs of grinding. This dissertation introduces a novel burn cost model that transcends these limitations, offering a more nuanced and cost-effective approach to managing grinding burn. The burn cost model …

Realtime And Noninvasive Assessment Of Endotracheal Tube Displacement Using Near-Infrared And Visible Cameras, Tongtong Lu, Pawjai Khampang, Ahmed Beydoun, Rebecca Rodhe, Wenzhou Hong, Joseph E. Kerschner, Bing Yu

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation is a medical procedure routinely used for achieving mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. Appropriate ETT placement is crucial as undetected tube migration may cause multiple complications or even fatalities. Therefore, prompt detection of unplanned movement of the ETT and immediate action to restore proper placement are essential to ensure patient safety. Despite this necessity, there is not a widely adopted tool for real-time assessment of ETT displacement. We have developed a device, a dual-camera endotracheal tube or DC-ETT, to address this unmet clinical need. This device uses a near-infrared (NIR) LED and a side-firing optical …

Effect Of Storage Time And Temperature On Aggregation Of Alzheimer's Disease Amyloid-Β Protein, Amy Veihdeffer

Theses and Dissertations

Amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is widely studied due to its key role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. One characteristic of patients suffering from AD is the deposition of amyloid plaques comprised of Aβ aggregates, which are associated with synapse damage. Thus, studying Aβ aggregation and aggregation inhibition may provide pathological and therapeutic insights. Aggregation of Aβ is a nucleation dependent process that may be influenced by the presence of pre-formed Aβ aggregate seeds that can facilitate formation of protein aggregates. These seeds may appear during preparation or storage of monomer, posing impact on experiments that study the aggregation process and the …

Neutrosophic Approach To Water Quality Assessment: A Case Study Of Gomati River, The Largest River In Tripura, India, Ajoy Kanti Das, Nandini Gupta, Carlos Granados, Rakhal Das, Suman Das

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This study addresses the complexity of assessing river water quality, a multifaceted process influenced by numerous water quality parameters (WQPs) characterized by inherent uncertainties and diverse judgment information from decision-makers. These uncertainties and diverse judgment information can be effectively represented and simulated using Neutrosophic sets. In this study, we propose an effective water pollution rating system, the Neutrosophic water quality index (NWQI), to derive a water pollution score (NWQI-score) for rating water pollution levels. We demonstrate the application of our methodology through an assessment of water quality indices for rating pollution in the Gomati River, the largest river in Tripura, …

In Situ Assembly Enabling Adhesive-Free Bonding Of Large Area Electronic Sensors To Concrete For Structural Health Monitoring, Emmanuel Ogunniyi, Han Liu, Austin Downey, Simon Laflamme, Caroline Bennett, William Collins, Hongki Jo, Paul Ziehl

Faculty Publications

Cracks developed in concrete infrastructure are one of the primary mechanisms that degrade their structural integrity, which may result in structural failures. Previous research on soft elastomeric capacitors (SEC) has shown their viability for structural health monitoring of structural materials, including concrete, steel, and fiberglass composites. The SEC, or its derivative version with a corrugated geometry termed corrugated SEC or cSEC, is a parallel plate capacitor. Prior work demonstrated that it was possible to directly paint the electrode interfacing with the structural material onto the structure and adhere the rest of the pre-fabricated sensor onto the wet interface, thereby eliminating …

Importance Sampling To Learn Vasopressor Dosage To Optimize Patient Mortality In An Interpretable Manner, Anshul Rastogi

Holster Scholar Projects

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction resulting from an improperly compensated bodily response to infection. There is a high urgency among clinicians to develop a set of real-time explainable treatment guidelines and tools to address the high mortality rate of sepsis patients. We present a reinforcement learning approach for vasopressor drug dosage in intensive care unit sepsis patients to achieve a better-than-expert treatment policy. We preserved interpretability with a prototype learning layer and learn actions in an off-policy manner with importance sampling. We evaluated our design on the MIMIC-IV deidentified electronic health record dataset with an 80%-20% training-validation split for …

A Comprehensive Study On Long-Term Durability Of Protective Epoxy Coatings For Electrified Roadways, Md Tareq Hassan, Samiul Alam, Juhyeong Lee

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Underground wireless power transmission (WPT) systems are susceptible to environmental threats such as high temperatures, water ingress, and mechanical impact from above-ground objects. Typical WPT systems electronics are safeguarded with civil-grade epoxy coating, thus it is imperative to assess the coating's durability in these extreme conditions. Among various environmental threats, this study is primarily focused on both experimental and numerical investigations on long-term water diffusion characteristics of civil-grade epoxy materials at various temperatures. A series of water diffusion tests were performed on the specimens made from two commercially available electronics casting epoxy materials at room (23°C) and high (50°C) temperatures. …

The Accurate Conversion Of Biological Experiments From Cesium Irradiation To X-Ray Irradiation: The Significance, Problems, And The Future Of Experimental Radiation Research, Gretchen Carpenter

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

Preclinical small animal irradiation studies, once conducted on Cesium irradiators, are increasingly being performed with X-ray-based irradiators. The transition stems from concerns regarding national security risks, making X-ray irradiators which are compact and easy to operate an enticing alternative. However, questions regarding the relative biological effectiveness between the two sources have revealed a lack of adequate dosimetric characterization of X-ray beams, standardized protocol for dose calibration, and thorough understanding of experimental biological parameters. A literature review conducted on orthovoltage irradiators has revealed that there are over 54 different types of beam structures used, a dramatic departure from the one uniform …

Sex Differences In Active Avoidance And Neural Circuit Mechanisms In Contextual Fear Generalization, Carly Vincent

Theses and Dissertations

The current studies were aimed to investigate two behavioral hallmarks of anxiety and stress-related disorders, avoidance responses and the over-generalization of fear. In the first set of studies, active avoidance and extinction learning, that parallels exposure therapy in preclinical rodent models, were used. It is known that stress can influence aversive learning and extinction training, which can result in poor extinction retention. However, it is not well understood how the stress response is facilitating extinction resistance in active avoidance learning across sexes. Therefore, the first set of studies aimed to investigate the role of biological sex and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) …

Development Of Avalanche Photo Detector For Uv-C Using Gallium Oxide Material System, Md Ghulam Ghulam Zakir

Theses and Dissertations

This work describes the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) optimization process for epitaxially grown gallium oxide (Ga2O3) layers, electrical field distribution, and the design for Avalanche Photo Detector (APD). MOCVD is a well-accepted process in the semiconductor industry, as it is well-known for its precise deposition of ultra-thin, high-quality semiconductor layers with extraordinary control over composition and thickness. The choice of Ga2O3 is due to r its distinctive properties of ultra-wide bandgap and low turn-on resistance. Thus, Ga₂O₃-based materials can withstand high voltage and current with the least energy loss, making them an attractive choice for …

Unveiling Similarities In The Code Of Life: A Detailed Exploration Of Dna Sequence Matching Algorithm, Mahmoud Y. Shams, Romany M. Farag, Dalia A. Aldawody, Huda E. Khalid, Ahmed K. Essa, Hazem M. El-Bakry, A. A. Salama

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Identifying similar DNA sequences is crucial in various biological research endeavors. This paper delves into the intricate workings of a specific algorithm designed for this purpose. We provide a systematic explanation, exploring how the algorithm handles user input, reads stored DNA sequences, utilizes the Word2Vec model for vector representation, and calculates sequence similarity using diverse metrics like Cosine Similarity and Neutrosophic Distance. Additionally, the paper explores the incorporation of neutrosophic values to account for uncertainty in the comparisons. Finally, we discuss the extraction of results, including matched sequences, similarity scores, and accuracy measures. This in-depth exploration provides a clear understanding …

Real-Time Synthesis Of A Nonuniformly Correlated, Partially Coherent Beam Using An Optical Coordinate Tansformation, Milo W. Hyde Iv

Faculty Publications

We design, build, and validate an optical system for generating light beams with complex spatial coherence properties in real time. Beams of this type self-focus and are resistant to turbulence degradation, making them potentially useful in applications such as optical communications. We begin with a general theoretical analysis of our proposed design. Our approach starts by generating a Schell-model (uniformly correlated or shift-invariant) source by spatially filtering incoherent light. We then pass this light through an optical coordinate transformer, which converts the Schell-model source into a nonuniformly correlated field. After the general analysis, we discuss system engineering, including trade-offs among …

A Systems Biology Approach To Predict Phenotypes From Genotypes For Plants And Bacteria, Niaz Bahar Chowdhury

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Predicting phenotypes from genotypes is a central challenge in systems biology in understanding how organisms respond to environmental and genetic changes. To address this, genome-scale metabolic models (GSMs) integrated with omics data and machine learning provide a comprehensive framework to connect genotype to phenotype. This dissertation utilizes these approaches in plants and bacterial systems, revealing key metabolic adaptations. In maize, a root-specific GSM reveals metabolic reprogramming under nitrogen stress, offering strategies for improving stress tolerance. Building on this, a multi-organ maize GSM of temperature stress identifies metabolic bottlenecks, providing targets to enhance crop resilience. Similarly, in rice, a grain-specific GSM …