Digital Commons Network^™

A New Approach In The Evaluation Of Hospital Information Systems, Güney Gürsel, Neşe Zayi̇m, Kemal Hakan Gülkesen, Ali̇ Ari̇foğlu, Osman Saka

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Hospital information system (HIS) evaluation frameworks have largely been discussed in the literature. However, existing frameworks lack one important aspect: to what extent user expectations of HISs are met. In this study, user expectation data are collected by means of the 'expectation questionnaire'. The internal consistencies of the answers to the questionnaire are measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Fuzzy logic methodologies are used to evaluate the expectation variables in the proposed evaluation framework. The evaluation variables are not represented in the results equally; they are reflected by the weights assigned by the users. Our proposed framework provides the overall degree …

How Do Hccmes Perform In Small Samples?, Mehmet Orhan, Esra Şi̇mşek

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The purpose of this paper is to explore the performances of prominent and popular heteroscedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimators (HCCMEs) in small samples. The HCCMEs are selected from the literature and their ability to estimate the true covariance matrix of the coefficient's vector is evaluated through simulation runs. We calculate the percentage difference between the expected value of the HCCME and the true covariance matrix to set a convenient stage to make the comparisons under several different regression settings. The main contribution of the paper is the inclusion of the HCCMEs that have been introduced into the literature recently. We report …

Feature Selection On Single-Lead Ecg For Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosis, Hüseyi̇n Gürüler, Mesut Şahi̇n, Abdullah Feri̇koğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Many articles that appeared in the literature agreed upon the feasibility of diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with a single-lead electrocardiogram. Although high accuracies have been achieved in detection of apneic episodes and classification into apnea/hypopnea, there has not been a consensus on the best method of selecting the feature parameters. This study presents a classification scheme for OSA using common features belonging to the time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear calculations of heart rate variability analysis, and then proposes a method of feature selection based on correlation matrices (CMs). The results show that the CMs can be utilized in …

Vessel Segmentation In Mri Using A Variational Image Subtraction Approach, Ayşe Nurdan Saran, Fati̇h Nar, Murat Saran

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Vessel segmentation is important for many clinical applications, such as the diagnosis of vascular diseases, the planning of surgery, or the monitoring of the progress of disease. Although various approaches have been proposed to segment vessel structures from 3-dimensional medical images, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no known technique that uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as prior information within the vessel segmentation of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or magnetic resonance venography (MRV) images. In this study, we propose a novel method that uses MRI images as an atlas, assuming that the patient has an MRI image …

Control Of Svc Based On The Sliding Mode Control Method, Ercan Köse, Hakan Kizmaz, Kadi̇r Abaci, Saadetti̇n Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A genetic algorithm (GA)-based sliding mode controller is proposed to improve the voltage stability of a power system with a static var compensator. The proposed controller is examined for improving the load bus voltage, which changes under different demanding powers, and its performance for transient analysis is compared with the Ziegler--Nichols proportional-integral (ZNPI), Lyapunov-based sliding mode control (LASMC), and GA-based proportional-integral-derivative (GAPID) controllers. The dynamic equations, consisting of a 2-bus nonlinear system, are converted to a mathematical description of sliding mode techniques. The optimum values of the sliding mode controller and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) coefficients that are required are calculated using …

Correlation Analysis Between Surface Electromyography And Continuous-Wave Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Parameters During Isometric Exercise To Volitional Fatigue, Ömer Şayli̇, Ata Akin, Hasan Bi̇rol Çotuk

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, the process of muscular fatigue was examined using surface electromyography (sEMG) and continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (cw-NIRS) simultaneously during an isometric hand grip exercise at 50% and 75% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), sustained until volitional fatigue. The mean frequency of the sEMG decreased during the whole exercise, whereas the root mean square had a tendency to increase. Oxyhemoglobin/deoxyhemoglobin concentration changes computed with cw-NIRS were found to exhibit a fast linear decrease/increase in the first 10--20 s of the exercise, the so-called fast phase, followed by a plateau-like slow phase. The change rates were higher at 75% …

Performance Evaluation Of The Wave Atom Algorithm To Classify Mammographic Images, Nebi̇ Gedi̇k, Ayten Atasoy

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The most common type of cancer seen in women is breast cancer. To enable recovery from this severe disease, monitoring and early detection must be provided, and related precautions must be taken as a first step. During diagnosis, some cases may be overlooked due to fatigue and eyestrain, because the determination of abnormalities is a repetitive procedure. In this study, a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system, using the wave atom transform (WAT) algorithm and support vector machine (SVM), is proposed to evaluate mammography images. During the process, the region of interest (ROI) is defined before applying the method. The system includes …

Expert Doctor Verdis: Integrated Medical Expert System, Aytürk Keleş

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Innovative medical technologies are developing day by day, as there is an important need for integrated medical expert systems (ESs) that will help to effectively manage and control diagnosis and treatment processes. These systems, with new approaches, have improved the experiences and capabilities of physicians to make the diagnosis of diseases. In this work, an integrated medical ES called Expert Doctor Verdis (Ex-Dr Verdis) is developed, which combines an advanced medical information system containing various medical services supported by information technologies, with ES capabilities in a single system. This system is also one kind of decision support system. Implementation of …

Comparison Of Different Methods For Determining Diabetes, Mehmet Recep Bozkurt, Ni̇lüfer Yurtay, Zi̇ynet Yilmaz, Cengi̇z Sertkaya

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, the Pima Indian Diabetes dataset was categorized with 8 different classifiers. The data were taken from the University of California Irvine Machine Learning Repository's web site. As a classifier, 6 different neural networks [probabilistic neural network (PNN), learning vector quantization, feedforward networks, cascade-forward networks, distributed time delay networks (DTDN), and time delay networks], the artificial immune system, and the Gini algorithm from decision trees were used. The classifier's performance ratios were studied separately as accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and the success rates of all of the classifiers are presented. Among these 8 classifiers, the best accuracy and …

Stability Analysis Of Multimachine Thermal Power Systems Using The Nature-Inspired Modified Cuckoo Search Algorithm, Shivakumar Rangasamy, Panneerselvam Manickam

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The stability of modern interconnected thermal power systems is greatly affected by the presence of low-frequency inertial oscillations in the system, due to various forms of disturbances experienced. This paper provides an efficient damping solution to these oscillations based on nature-inspired modified cuckoo search algorithm-based controller design. The proposed controller design is formulated as a parameter optimization problem based on damping ratio and time-domain error deviations. The effectiveness of the proposed damping controller design is illustrated by performing the nonlinear time domain simulations of the test multimachine power systems under various operating conditions and disturbances. Moreover, an exhaustive comparative stability …

The Design Of An Embedded Spinal Cord Stimulator, Fi̇kret Yalçinkaya, Ali̇ Erbaş

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Spinal cord stimulation is a physical therapy methodology utilizing electrical impulses, pulses, or a combination of various standard electrical waveforms to block pain. However, standard forms are not functioning effectively for each illness due to the unique conditions of the patient. Therefore, patient-specific waveforms (or user-defined waveforms) integrated with nondestructive, complete, or partially noninvasive and effective medical instruments to help relieve pain are required. In the literature, 2 different designs have been discussed: the bedside/portable and the implantable/surgical types. This work is introducing a new hybrid type: a portable touch-screen multichannel embedded spinal cord stimulator. This work is made of …

Development And Optimization Of A Dsp-Based Real-Time Lane Detection Algorithm On A Mobile Platform, Gürkan Küçükyildiz, Hasan Ocak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, image processing-based real-time lane detection, which is one of the significant problems in autonomous vehicle control, is explored. A mobile robot platform is developed for that purpose. The motion of the mobile robot is provided by 4 direct current motors, which are independently controlled. An image processing code is developed in a Visual DSP 5.0 environment and run on a BF-561 processor embedded in the ADSP BF-561 EZ-KIT LITE evaluation board (Analog Devices). In the image processing algorithm, Hough lines obtained from the Hough transform of the captured images are called candidate lane marks. Various elimination methods …

Dynamics, Stability, And Actuation Methods For Powered Compass Gait Walkers, Koray Kadi̇r Şafak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, methods to achieve actively powered walking on level ground using a simple 2-dimensional walking model (compass-gait walker) are explored. The walker consists of 2 massless legs connected at the hip joint, a point mass at the hip, and an infinitesimal point mass at the feet. The walker is actuated either by applying equal joint torques at the hip and ankle, by an impulse applied at the toe off, immediately before the heel strike, or by the combination of both. It is shown that actuating the walker by equal joint torques at the hip and ankle on level …

Frequency-Emulated Uniform Cellular Automata, Hürevren Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The notion of a frequency-emulated (f-emulated) uniform cellular automata (CA) that enables the behavior emulation of some elementary CA via memory usage is introduced. An algorithm that generates f-emulated uniform CA sets is developed and an upper bound for its output size is given. It is observed that traffic rule 184 together with its 2-emulator version, which generates the behavior of the known majority rule 232, performs the density classification task perfectly. Moreover, it is possible to use a 2-emulated uniform CA for the solution of the parity problem.

Synergistic Toughening Of Hard, Nacre-Mimetic Mosi2 Coatings By Self-Assembled Hierarchical Structure, Jiang Xu, Xiaoli Zhao, Paul Munroe, Zonghan Xie

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Like many other intermetallic materials, MoSi2 coatings are typically hard, but prone to catastrophic failure due to their low toughness at ambient temperature. In this paper, a self-assembled hierarchical structure that closely resembles that of nacre (i.e., mother of pearl) was developed in a MoSi2 -based coating through a simple, yet cost-effective, depostion technique. The newly formed coating is tough and can withstand multiple indentations at high loads. Key design features responsible for this remarkable outcome were identified. They include a functionally graded multilayer featuring elastic modulus oscillation, varying sublayer thickness and a columnar structure that are able to attenuate …

Recent Developments In R.F. Magnetron Sputtered Thin Films For Ph Sensing Applications - An Overview, Devendra Maurya, Ali Sardarinejad, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

pH sensors are widely used in chemical and biological applications. Metal oxides-based pH sensors have many attractive features including insolubility, stability, mechanical strength, electrocatalyst and manufacturing technology. Various metal oxide thin films prepared by radio frequency (R.F.) magnetron sputtering have attractive features, including high pH sensitivity, fast response, high resolution, good stability and reversibility as well as potential for measuring pH under conditions that are not favourable for the commonly used glass electrodes-based pH sensors. In addition, thin film pH sensors prepared by R.F. magnetron sputtering offer many advantages, such as ease of packaging, low cost through the use of …

2014 Nebraska Water Monitoring Programs Report, Marty Link, Ryan Chapman

Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality: Reports

The Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality (NDEQ) is charged with monitoring, assessing, and to the extent possible, managing the state’s water resources. The purpose of this work is to protect and maintain high quality water and encourage or execute activities to improve poor water quality. Monitoring is done on nearly 17,000 miles of flowing rivers and streams, more than 134,000 acres of surface water in lakes and reservoirs, as well as the vast storage of groundwater in Nebraska’s aquifers.

Nebraska Water Center Annual Report 2014, Nebraska Water Center

Nebraska Water Center: Administrative Materials

Letter from the Director

I am pleased to present this annual report on the activities, finances and many accomplishments of the Nebraska Water Center (NWC) during 2013 and 2014, a time when the NWC is celebrating its Golden Anniversary. More than being a simple look back at where we’ve been and what we have accomplished over the past year, this report looks forward to the complex challenges and exciting opportunities that lie ahead of us. We are now an integral part of the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Institute (DWFI), a growing global institute focused on one of the …

Eastern Michigan University Undergraduate Catalog, 2014-2015, Office Of The Registrar

Undergraduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Pretreatment Of Cellulosic Biomass By Iron-Containing Magnetic Ionic Liquid Dissolution, Christopher Roth Riley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The focus of this project is to determine the effectiveness in the preprocessing of biomass when magnetic ionic liquids (MIL) (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate (Bmim[FeCl4]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate (Emim[FeCl4])) are used as a green solvent. Lignocellulose is a promising starting material for a plethora of products, ranging from biofuels to custom chemicals; however, lignocellulose is resistant to enzymatic degradation. Various biomass-preprocessing techniques such as microbial, mechanical, and chemical pretreatment are used for enhancing the digestibility of biomass to sugars for ethanol production. Varieties of ionic liquids have demonstrated the ability to fragment lignocellulose. However, after fragmentation, separation of biomass and ionic liquids …

Measurements Of Fluvial Sediments Using A Single-Frequency Acoustic Attenuation System, Thomas Alexander Kajdan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Suspended sediments are a global-scale pollutant that threaten the integrity of our waterways and pose an environmental threat to many aquatic ecosystems. Innovative techniques are required to continuously monitor this pollutant. Ultrasonic acoustic measurements have the potential to improve the temporal resolution of fluvial sediment data. This work investigates the use of a prototype field grade single-frequency acoustic attenuation system that was developed at the National Center for Physical Acoustics (NCPA), located at the University of Mississippi. This field-deployable unit consists of two 20 MHz immersion transducers that are aligned in a "pitch-catch" configuration at a fixed distance of 18 …

Energy Optimization Of A Free-Piston Enhanced Hybrid Vehicle, Kenneth Jarod Jones

Dissertations

The world’s heavy dependence on vehicles which utilize hydrocarbon fuels as a primary power source has renewed the interest in electric and hybrid vehicles for industrial, commercial, and public use. The primary objective of this movement is centered on increased efficiency in energy usage for transportation. Hybrid vehicles which utilize an internal combustion engine as a linear generator, converting energy stored in hydrocarbon fuels into electrical power, could serve as a transitioning technology. The free-piston enhanced hybrid vehicle (FPHV) could potentially fill this role. The present work contains a theoretical and numerical approach to analyzing and optimizing the usage of …

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (Platelet Gel): An Appropriate Intervention For Salvaging Cardiac Myocytes Under Oxidative Stress After Myocardial Infarction, Barbara Y. Hargrave

Bioelectrics Publications

Background: The prompt restoration of blood flow (reperfusion) to the ischemic myocardium after an acute myocardial infarction is critical to the survival of non damaged heart tissue. However, reperfusion is responsible for additional myocardial damage. Our objective was to investigate the role of autologous platelet rich plasma or platelet gel prepared using nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) in improving left ventricular mechanical function after ischemic reperfusion.

Methods: The hearts of nine adult female New Zealand White rabbits were perfused using the Langendorff model. The hearts were exposed to global ischemia for 30 min and reperfused for 60 min. The hearts …

Real-Time High Resolution Integrated Optical Micro-Spectrometer, Sabarish Chandramohan

Wayne State University Theses

A real-time integrated planar single-mode waveguide grating micro-spectrometer with high resolution of 0.5 nm in 120 nm wide range of visible spectrum, from 525 nm to 645 nm is demonstrated. A CMOS sensor is used for capturing the output image of micro-spectrometer. A f = 1cm lens is used to focus the diffracted monochromatic light onto the CMOS sensor. An algorithm is developed using simple polynomial equation which uses two known reference wavelengths to convert x-pixel numbers of the CMOS sensor to wavelength spectrum. The output of micro-spectrometer in this design has comparatively less noise than usual spectrometric measurements. This …

Identifying Performance Criteria Of Fully Bioresorbable Scaffolds For Endovascular Applications, Jahid Ferdous

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) have revolutionized percutaneous coronary intervention in clinical cardiovascular medicine. As opposed to permanent alternatives such as metallic stents, BRS have an inherent potential to reduce the occurrence of untoward events such as vessel re-narrowing or thrombosis by virtue of undergoing complete and controlled resorption post- implantation. While BRS platforms demonstrate a clear potential to mitigate risk stemming from incomplete vessel healing, they introduce a new set of considerations to clinical safety and efficacy. Foremost among these issues is the fate of and biological response to material by-products that evolve throughout the scaffold degradation and erosion processes, …

Classification Of Low Velocity Impactors Using Spiral Sensing Of Acousto-Ultrasonic Waves, Chijioke Agbasi

Theses and Dissertations

The non-linear elastodynamics of a flat plate subjected to low velocity foreign body impacts is studied, resembling the space debris impacts on the space structure. The work is based on a central hypothesis that in addition to identifying the impact locations, the material properties of the foreign objects can also be classified using acousto-ultrasonic signals (AUS). Simultaneous localization of impact point and classification of impact object is quite challenging using existing state-of-the-art structural health monitoring (SHM) approaches. Available techniques seek to report the exact location of impact on the structure, however, the reported information is likely to have errors from …

Isolation Of Natural Nrf2 Activators From American Ginseng, Akrm Abdalrahman

Theses and Dissertations

Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a major transcription factor of the endogenous antioxidant defense system, has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases. However, a small molecule-driven Nrf2 signaling therapeutic approach remains to be established. Herein, we report one such possibility discovered by the bioassay-based fractionation of American ginseng. Since crude extract of American ginseng was found to suppress the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inflamed macrophages via activating Nrf2, we further fractioned the crude extract using solvents including hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water, and found …

Understanding Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Mixed Feedstocks For Waste Conversion, Xiaowei Lu

Theses and Dissertations

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an environmentally beneficial means to convert waste materials to value-added solid and liquid products with minimal greenhouse gas emission. Research is lacking on understanding the influence of critical process conditions on product formation and environmental implication associated with HTC of waste streams. This work was conducted to determine how reaction conditions and heterogeneous compound mixtures (representative of municipal wastes) influence hydrothermal carbonization processes. The specific experiments include: (1) determine how carbonization product properties are manipulated by controlling feedstock composition, process conditions, and catalyst addition; (2) determine if carbonization of heterogeneous mixtures follows similar pathways as that …

Electrochemical, Interfacial, And Surface Studies Of The Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide To Liquid Fuels On Tin Electrodes, Jingjie Wu

Theses and Dissertations

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) into liquid fuels especially coupling with the intermittent renewable electricity offers a promising means of storing electricity in chemical form, which reduces the dependence on fossil fuels and mitigates the negative impact of anthropogenic CO2 emissions on the planet. Although converting CO2 to fuels is not in itself a new concept, the field has not substantially advanced in the last 30 years primarily because of the challenge of discovery of structural electrocatalysts and the development of membrane architectures for efficient collection of reactants and separation of products. An efficient catalyst for the electrochemical …

3d Printing & Open Access Databases For Crystallographic College Education, Peter Moeck, Jennifer Stone-Sundberg, Trevor J. Snyder, Werner Kaminsky, Saulius Grazulis, International Advisory Board Of The Crystallography Open Database

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Presentation gives an overview of available open access databases of crystals and crystal structures, as well as discussions of how newly developed 3D printing technologies can be used to teach crystallography at the college level. Offers advice regarding conversion of crystallographic information files to 3D printing files, and shares news from the 3D printing of crystallographic models community.