Digital Commons Network^™

Merging Terrestrial And Satellite Gravity Data For Africa: A Possibility To Fill-In The Data Gaps, Hussein A. Abd-Elmotaal, Norbert Kuhtreiber

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The major challenge that the IAG Sub-Commission on gravity and geoid in Africa faces is the significantly large gravity data gaps. It is essential to properly tackle this issue for all geodetic applications in Africa due to the large interpolation errors occur at these large gaps. Simple interpolation (using any type of interpolation technique) of the gravity data does not add new information at the large data gaps, and the solution is free there. Global Earth gravity models offer themselves as a possible way to fill-in such large data gaps, provided that they approximate the African gravity field to an …

A Contextual Attention-Based Transformer Model For Enhanced Hate Speech Detection On Twitter, Mira Mansour, Nancy Akoum, Seifedine Kadry

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Hate speech on social media poses significant societal challenges, necessitating accurate and context-sensitive automated detection. Traditional machine learning (ML) models typically rely on lexical or superficial features, limiting their ability to capture nuanced or contextually ambiguous expressions of hate speech. Recent transformer-based methods (e.g., RoBERTa) provide improved contextual understanding but often lack explicit mechanisms guiding the model’s attention to critical semantic tokens, thereby reducing interpretability and sensitivity to nuanced linguistic contexts. This paper introduces a novel contextual attention-guided transformer model that explicitly incorporates lexicon-guided attention supervision into RoBERTa fine-tuning, significantly enhancing semantic precision in hate speech detection on Twitter. Evaluations …

Research Progress On Generating Perfect Vortex Beams Based On Metasurfaces, Xiujuan Liu, Manna Gu, Ying Tian, Mingfeng Zheng, Bo Fang, Zhi Hong, Chee Leong Tan, Xufeng Jing

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article reviews the latest advances in the generation and control of perfect vector beams using metasurfaces. In recent years, metasurfaces have garnered increasing interest due to their simple fabrication and easy integration. Perfect vortex beams (PVBs), as a type of vector beams, exhibit complex polarization states that require the superposition of multiple phases for their generation. The use of metasurfaces provides a compact platform for the generation of perfect vortex beams and enables more complex vortex beam control tasks, which are quite challenging for traditional optics. This paper begins by introducing the principle of perfect vortex beam generation using …

Numerical Solution Of A Coupled Nonlinear Dynamic Problem Of Thermoviscoelasticity, Abdali Abdukarimov, Ibodat Turabekovna Khaldybaeva, Askarova Shamshetdinovna Ayjamal

Technical science and innovation

This paper presents a numerical solution of a coupled nonlinear dynamic problem of thermoviscoelasticity. A Duffing-type oscillator with temperature-dependent properties is used to model nonlinear hereditary deformable systems. After specifying the temperature dependences of the elastic modulus 𝐸 and viscosity parameter 𝜂 and introducing dimensionless variables, the problem is reduced to a system of nonlinear integro-differential equations. A numerical procedure for solving this system is developed, and representative examples are computed. The results are presented in graphical form for various values of the governing parameters.

Blockchain-Based Peer-To-Peer Renewable Energy Trading And Traceability Of Transmission And Distribution Losses, Amit Kumar Vishwakarma, Pratyush Kumar Patro, Adolf Acquaye, Raja Jayaraman, Khaled Salah

Industrial Engineering: Faculty & Staff Publications

In attempts to progress the transition towards decarbonizing energy systems and achieving sustainable development goals linked to energy, renewable energy sources (RES), which are decentrally deployed, are being widely promoted. However, RES are constrained by many barriers, some of which are technical in nature, such as energy losses. For instance, traditional peer-to-peer (P2P) trading systems have been used as a mechanism to advance RES because they offer a promising solution for decentralized energy trading without third-party intermediaries. However, it faces significant challenges, notably in accounting for energy losses during transmission and distribution, thus reducing overall system efficiency. We propose an …

Exploring The Role Of Occupational Therapy In The Delivery Of Trauma-Informed Services To Hospital-Based Clients Ot, Frank Czuba

Journal of Applied Disciplines

Hospitalization can traumatize clients and impact overall health outcomes, leading to increased hospital readmission rates and resulting in a negative impact for both clients and providers. Limited information exists regarding how hospital-based occupational therapists evaluate and address trauma, even though incorporating trauma-informed principles into professional practice can enhance the occupational therapy process. The study explored the comprehension and perceived significance of trauma-informed tenets among occupational therapists delivering services in hospital-based settings. A quantitative research study with an exploratory design was implemented to explore how occupational therapists (OT) understand and utilize trauma-informed practices with their clients in a hospital setting. An …

The Impact Of Natural Cavities On Mining Feasibility In Brazil: Dilemma Between The Sustainability Of Mining Operations And The Environment, Tiago Leite, Felipe Souza, Mariana Silva, Iuri Brandi, Hernani De Lima

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Due to the legislation on natural underground cavities in Brazil, mineral reserves have been blocked, causing a great dilemma between the sustainability of the mineral activity and the preservation of cavities. This study presented an analysis of the evolution of the federal cave legislation, pointing out the main gains and contribution to the theme, in which the importance in the Brazilian scenario of the publication in 2017 of Normative Instruction N° 01, which updated the procedures for the definition of these “other forms of compensation” to the irreversible negative impact on cavities with a high degree of relevance. In this …

Multivariate Stochastic Mine Scheduling Targeting Stationary Grades Considering Risk Uncertainty And Hierarchical Variables, Augusto A. T. Toledo, Joao F. C. L. Costa, Diego M. Marques, Luciano N. Capponi

Journal of Sustainable Mining

In short-term mine planning for deposits characterized by multiple variables, sequential diglines are generated with an emphasis on maintaining consistent grade distributions across mining periods. This research integrates an array of mineral variables, including deleterious elements, to facilitate the establishment of excavation geometries that enable precise grade and volume control within operational production zones. Through the systematic application of geostatistical analysis coupled with process optimization, geological risks associated with grade uncertainties are minimized, and an optimized operational sequence for the extraction of mineral blocks is pursued. The main point of this approach is maintaining grade distributions aligned with the historical …

An Innovative Implicit Modeling Technique To 3d Deposit Modeling: A Case Study Of The Chromite Mine, Ali Can Ozdemir Ozdemir, Yavuz Tore

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The location of an orebody known to show regional variability in space is determined only through 3D geological modeling. A reliable 3D orebody model must be obtained to ensure resource efficiency and sustainability in the mining industry. In addition, 3D geological modeling has become indispensable in intelligent mining, smart mining, and mining 4.0. In previous years, explicit methods were widely used for 3D geological modeling. However, the validity of geological models produced with these methods has been debated. It has been understood that they are inadequate in modeling vein-type mineralizations with complex geometry in particular. For this reason, implicit modeling …

A Review Study Of The Relationship Between Coal Fly Ash Characteristics And The Presence Of Rare Earth Metals From Steam Power Plants In Indonesia, Muhammad F. Shafiyurrahman, Shofa Rijalul Haq, Nurkhamim Nurkhamim, Ade Kurniawan, Rofa D Bulopa, Rizki Khoiriah Nasution

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The establishment of a coal mining downstream ecosystem focused on a sustainable and environmentally friendly economy is an important goal for many countries. One strategic step in achieving this goal is the utilization of coal fly ash (CFA) waste as a secondary source of rare earth elements (REE). The use of CFA provides a solution to the environmental and health challenges resulting from mining primary sources. Prior to developing REE extraction technology, CFA characterization must be conducted. Therefore, this study addresses the relationship between CFA characteristics and the presence of REE. Based on the ASTM C618-12 standard, CFA in Indonesia …

Integrated Optimization Of Underground Mine Ventilation Using Hardy Cross, Monte Carlo Simulations, And Machine Learning Techniques: A Step Toward Sustainable Mining, Hussein A. Saleem

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Underground mine ventilation is crucial for ensuring worker safety, air quality, and operational efficiency. Effective optimization of ventilation systems reduces energy consumption, enhances airflow distribution, and minimizes risks associated with harmful gases and fire hazards. This study proposed an integrated framework combining the Hardy Cross (HC) method, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, and machine learning (ML) techniques to optimize the ventilation system at the Jabal Sayid mine in Saudi Arabia. The HC method was employed to provide deterministic baseline airflow calculations, while the MC simulations accounted for uncertainties in resistance values and environmental conditions, generating probabilistic distributions of key parameters. Among …

Study On Visualization Simulation And System Dynamic Optimization Of The Ore Drawing Process In Mine Chutes, Liang Juan, Zhu Quanjie, Hao Yingnan, Quan Zhongxue, Zhang Zhiwu, Liu Xiaohuic, Ouyang Zhihua

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The ore release process in metal mine chutes is a critical part of the mining operation. Based on the urgent demand for intelligent mining construction, this paper proposes a visualization simulation and dynamic optimization method for the mine chute ore release process using the open-source programs Python and Blender. The main research content includes: designing the simulation method and model for the ore release process, including the main control program, process subprograms, etc.; proposing a visualization simulation method for the mine chute ore release process based on Blender, studying the impact of ore shape and size on ore release efficiency, …

Assessment Of Heavy Metal Contamination In Surface Water Near Tailings Dam, Gera Techane Mengistu, Tesema Kebede, Enatfenta Melaku, Engdasew Temere

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Elevated levels of heavy metals in surface water can lead to the degradation of water quality, especially in mining areas where tailing dams are sources of heavy metal pollution. This study focuses on evaluating the concentrations of heavy metals in surface water near the Legadembi tailings dams. The mean concentrations (in µg/L) of various heavy metals including: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), thallium (Tl), uranium (U), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr) were determined: 79.7, 0.15, 162.3, 0.66, 18.1, 0.01, …

Intrinsically Safe Pneumatic Seismic Source For Controlled Rock Mass ,Monitoring And Imaging In Underground Mining, Przemysław Sierodzki, Leszek Remiorz, Mateusz Ćwiękała, Krzysztof Krawiec

Journal of Sustainable Mining

This article explores the technical principles of pneumatic seismic sources, focusing on their application in underground mining operations, including environments prone to fire hazards. It introduces an intrinsically safe pneumatic seismic source as a cost-effective solution for quasi-continuous seismic excitation, useful for detecting stress concentrations in mining settings. These stress concentrations are identified through anomalies in seismic wave velocity, which may indicate potentially hazardous deformations in the rock mass. The developed system enables fully remote operation from the surface and integrates with a seismic monitoring system to capture high-resolution waveforms. The study provides an overview of the pneumatic system’s technical …

Investigating Frozen Paste Surface Disposal As A Climate Change Adaptation Strategy: Case Study Of Mont-Wright Mine, Khalil Hashem, Agus P. Sasmito, Laxmi Sushama, Ferri Hassani, Mehrdad Kermani

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The mining industry faces evolving challenges in adapting to the impacts of climate change. Among these challenges is the management of tailings. This study focuses on investigating surface disposal of non-cemented paste tailings, particularly the effect of water content, freeze-thaw cycles (FTC, defined as freezing the sample to –20°C and thawing it to +20°C), and ambient temperature on the mechanical characteristics and thermophysical properties of paste tailings. The potential for maintaining non-cemented tailings in a frozen state year-round is also investigated through field-scale numerical simulations. Experiment results of thermophysical properties of tailings with water content, freeze-thaw cycles and ambient temperatures …

Continuous Sorption Of Ionic Dyes Onto Nanoporous Faujasite Zeolite And The Regeneration Of The Adsorbent, Frederick O. Oshomogho, Miracle Aisosa Omorogieva

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

This study evaluates the efficiency of synthesized faujasite zeolite in the continuous removal of methylene blue from water and tests the reusability of the regenerated adsorbent. Faujasite Zeolite was synthesized from locally available aluminosilicate clay in Edo State using standard methods documented in the literature. XRF analysis affirmed the elemental composition, showing high levels of silica and alumina, which increased its adsorption capacity. SEM images depicted a crystal-clear structure with an octahedral shape and visible micro-pores on the surface. TGA showed effective thermal stability below 300 ºC, with a 10% weight loss between 28.59 ºC and 300 ºC. BET analysis …

Toward Sustainable Water Security: A Novel Assessment And Recharge Strategy For North Bekaa Plain, Rida Tadmouri, Amin Shaban, Mohamad Soliman

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The demand for water in the northern Bekaa Plain is of utmost significance, especially given the substantial portion of land dedicated to irrigated agriculture. Additionally, the region experiences population growth, further exacerbating the water supply challenge. Understanding the groundwater potential zones and identifying appropriate recharge areas are crucial steps towards sustainable water resource management. The study focuses on reaching the best solutions for the study area, by utilizing advanced Geographic Information System (GIS) tools, including overlying slope, rainfall, lithology, attitude, soil, fracture, and stream maps, a Groundwater Potential (GWP) map was generated using ArcGIS. This map serves as a valuable …

Ai In Society: A Regulatory Framework For Responsible Integration, Ziad Doughan, Sari Itani, Hadi Al Mubasher

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

This review paper studies the influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) on society in various categories in detail. AI and ML have developed rapidly in the past two decades, thus changing our lifestyles. These developments have various positive and negative impacts on society. This paper explores the many societal impacts of AI and ML, in economics, social aspects, ethics, and policy, shedding light on the opportunities and challenges that arise. An interdisciplinary insight is capable of understanding the challenges society faces when it uses AI and ML, locking opportunities that lie ahead and identifying promising paths towards …

Electronic Structure With Rovibrational Calculation For The Molecule Ali, Including The Spin-Orbit Coupling Effect, Hana Abdelnabi, Ghassan Younes, Dunia Houlla, Mahmoud Korek

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The adiabatic potential energy curves for the lowest singlet and triplet electronic states in the representations 2S+1Λ+/- and Ω(+/-) (with and without spin-orbit coupling) of the molecule AlI have been computed by using the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) with multireference configuration interaction (MRCI+Q) method. The spectroscopic constants ωe, Re, Be, and Te have been calculated. Using the canonical quantum mechanics approach, the rovibrational constants Ev, Bv, Dv, Rmin, and Rmax were calculated for the low-lying electronic states with and without spin-orbit coupling. A comparison between our calculated values and those available in the literature reveals excellent agreement.

Universal Sound Separation: Distance-Aware Mixture Simulation, Co-Occurrence Conditioning, And Chain-Of-Inference, Wonjun Park

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Universal Sound Separation (USS) -- the task of disentangling arbitrary sound sources from a single-channel acoustic mixture -- remains an open challenge due to the ill-posed nature of the problem and the distributional gap between synthetic training data and real-world recordings. This thesis addresses three distinct bottlenecks in the USS pipeline: training data realism, inference strategy, and conditioning richness. We first present two knowledge-guided approaches to sound source separation. The first is a distance-aware mixing strategy that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to assign plausible loudness relationships between audio sources during training data synthesis. By querying an LLM about the …

Data-Driven Prediction Of Concrete Bridge Deck Corrosion Using Ground Penetrating Radar (Gpr), Nafisa Shafiullah

Civil Engineering Theses

Corrosion detection remains a crucial factor in the proper maintenance of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures. While several studies have used Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) for corrosion detection, quantitative models for prediction are still limited. This study presents an approach for the quantitative prediction of rebar corrosion in concrete using GPR data obtained from a prior experimental program involving accelerated corrosion. A total of 36 RC samples were cast, varying in cover depth, rebar diameter, and concrete porosity. The samples were subjected to an impressed current of 0.65 A in a 5% NaCl solution over three phases: 10, 20, and 30 …

Solar Charging Chair, Joseph Austrian , ‘26, Jude Hemmins , ‘26, Neghemi Micah , ‘26

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

For our E90 project, we constructed an outdoor Adirondack-style chair with a built-in battery and solar panel, so users can charge their devices while sitting outside. Through data collection and analysis, we were able to verify that our solar energy system, consisting of a 30W panel, 96Whr battery, MPPT charge controller, and DC-AC inverter, performs better than theoretically expected. The chair was built using pressure-treated lumber with the electrical components in a weatherproof box and solar panel attached to the back rest. The total cost was $667.15.

Deep Learning-Based Co-Current Upward Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Regime Identification In An Annular Conduit, Joshua Robert Macomber

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Flow regime identification in co-current upward gas-liquid flow through annular conduits remains a significant challenge in petroleum engineering, with major safety and operational implications. It is also important across industries involving the transport of multiphase fluids. Misidentifying flow regimes can introduce major operational risk, yet regime boundaries in annular gas-liquid flow are often visually complex and context dependent.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of convolutional neural network (CNN) classifiers for flow regime identification. The CNN was trained using annular flow image dataset published by Texas A&M University. The dataset consists of approximately 947 RGB images …

The Effects Of Low-Frequency, Low-Intensity Ultrasound On Gene Expression In Macrophage-Endothelial Cell Co-Culture, Evelyn Hergenhan

Honors Theses

Introduction

Low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound (LFLI US) has been shown to be a promising treatment for noninvasive accelerated chronic wound healing. However, the biological mechanisms of this ultrasound-assisted healing are not yet understood, limiting clinical adoption. The objective of this study is to characterize the effects of LFLI US on gene expression in a simulated chronic wound environment to gain a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying this therapeutic.

Methods

A simulated chronic wound environment consisting of endothelial cells and inflammatory M1 macrophages co-cultured in 3D was subject to LFLI US at 50, 100, or 150 mW/cm² Spatial-Peak, Temporal-Peak …

Investigation Of Factors Influencing Electric Vehicle Adoption In Indonesia: Ev Owners’ Perspectives, Desrina Yusi Irawatia, Nur Aini Masruroh, Nur Mayke Eka Normasari

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Electric vehicle (EV) uptake in Indonesia remains markedly below policy benchmarks. This study applies the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology version 3 (UTAUT3), an extension of UTAUT2 that incorporates personal innovativeness as an additional construct to examine its impact on both behavioral intention and actual EV adoption within the Indonesian context. Unlike studies that typically survey the general public, this study focuses on actual EV users and owners, providing more representative and responsive insights into real-world EV usage. A total of 208 respondents participated, with 135 from the Jabodetabek area and 73 from Surabaya. The UTAUT3 framework …

A Deep Neural Approach To Network-Based Obfuscated Malware, Meera Parmar, Sunil Gautam

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The rising prevalence of obfuscated malware poses a critical threat to network security, undermining traditional detection methods and jeopardizing data integrity and system reliability in an increasingly connected world. This growing danger highlights the urgent need for advanced solutions to protect against evolving cyber risks. This research intro-duces a novel framework to enhance malware detection, employing a hybrid architecture that integrates spatial and temporal analysis with attention mechanisms. The approach leverages a large dataset subsample, focusing on key feature selection and augmentation to improve robustness against evasion techniques. This innovative framework offers a significant advancement in identifying malicious network traffic, …

Part Ii: Industrial Information Integration Review 2020-2025, Jinzhi Li

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Industrial Information Integration Engineering (IIIE) has become increasingly essential for improving operational efficiency and harmonizing heterogeneous industrial systems through advanced digital integration approaches. Fueled by rapid advancements in Industry 4.0 technologies—including digital twins, artificial intelligence, immersive interfaces, and IoT infrastructures—IIIE is substantially transforming traditional enterprise architecture and integration frameworks. This systematic review synthesizes recent developments and emerging trends, with particular attention to the accelerating adoption of digital twins and the deepening convergence between operational technologies (OT) and information technologies (IT) across multiple sectors. While notable progress has been made, significant challenges persist, especially in developing resilient integration architectures and fully …

When Words Flow Like Water: How The Enbridge Line 3 Pipeline Environmental Impact Statement Failed To Prevent Hydrogeologic Harm In Minnesota, Carly Gutzmann

Journal of Earth and Life Science

For the aquifers of Minnesota, the environmental impact statement (EIS) was a promise of protection that never left the page. An environmental impact statement is meant to be an aid in the decision making process in order to ensure that projects consider potential environmental harms that may occur. However, they are often used instead as another regulatory box to check, rather than as active considerations when planning. As such, a project plan can be flawed from the start—if project developers only consider environmental impacts after they have already put considerable time, effort, and funding into their project as-is, they may …

Captive Model Test For Hydrodynamic Derivatives Of Ship Maneuvering In Regular Head Waves, Pin-Yuan Huang, Zih-Yao Lin, Tsung-Yueh Lin, Fu-En Lee, Yan-Wei Lai

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The motion of ship in wave can be discussed in seakeeping and maneuvering. In model tests, the former is found by the motion response of waves while the latter requires captive model test to acquire hydrodynamic derivatives. The hydrodynamic derivatives in waves are discovered to be different from those in calm water. To understand better the behavior of maneuverability in waves, maneuvering tests in a wide range of waves are performed in this study. This study presents an experimental investigation into the maneuvering behavior of a container ship in regular waves, covering a wide range of wavelengths from half to …

Assessment Of Soybean Response To Irrigation Variability In Eastern Nebraska Using The Aquacrop Model, Anmol Singh, Saleh Taghvaeian, Yufeng Ge, Derek M. Heeren, Frank Bai

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a major irrigated crop in eastern Nebraska, where recent expansions in irrigated agriculture and projected trends in irrigation demand necessitate thorough investigations of approaches that can optimize its irrigation management. In this study, the AquaCrop model was calibrated and validated using 19 variable irrigation treatments from a five-year field experiment. The model accurately simulated canopy cover, soil water content, and grain yield, with validation normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) of 12%, 7%, and 7%, respectively. The model was subsequently applied to estimate soybean yield and water requirement during a 15-year period (2010–2024) …