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Effect Of Zro2 And Y2o3 Deposition On Biological Behavior Of Ti-Base Alloys, Zainab Z. Al-Asadia, Fatimah J. Al-Hasani Jul 2026

Effect Of Zro2 And Y2o3 Deposition On Biological Behavior Of Ti-Base Alloys, Zainab Z. Al-Asadia, Fatimah J. Al-Hasani

Engineering and Technology Journal

Titanium has a good ability to attach to bone and living tissue, making it a perfect material for orthopedic implants. Because of the combination of high resistance to corrosion, biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. This work aims to study the Modifications of various base titanium implant samples producing by using powder technology (Ti-pure, Ti-45 % Ni, Ti10 % Co, and Ti-30 % Ta) by deposition of Nano Zirconia and yttria powders (70 %ZRO2 and 30% Y2O3 ). Chemical pretreatment carried out to prepare the implant surface before deposition, while the deposition process accomplished by pack cementation. The Characterizations of samples …

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Characterization Of Nb2o5-Ni Coating Prepared By Dc Sputtering, Hiyam M. Jedy, Rana A. Anaee, Abdullah A. Abdulkarim Jul 2026

Characterization Of Nb2o5-Ni Coating Prepared By Dc Sputtering, Hiyam M. Jedy, Rana A. Anaee, Abdullah A. Abdulkarim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Nb2O5-Ni coating was processed using DC sputtering on structural steel and study characterization of composite coating SEM/EDS inspection indicated clearly perfect incorporation of Nb2O5 within the nickel rich. Increasing in surface roughness and decreasing in average diameters of particles were obtained for coated surface compared with uncoated surface from AFM analysis, in addition, microhardness test and thickness test showed that increasing of the hardness value to 163 HV for Nb2O5 - Ni composite coating compared to 132 HV for uncoated samples, the hardness for Ni coating also increasing to155 HV and the thickness for Nb2O5-Ni composite coatings increased significantly …

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Optimal H-Infinity Pid Model Reference Controller Design For Roll Control Of A Tail-Sitter Vtol Uav, Ali H. Mhmood, Hazem I. Ali Jul 2026

Optimal H-Infinity Pid Model Reference Controller Design For Roll Control Of A Tail-Sitter Vtol Uav, Ali H. Mhmood, Hazem I. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, an optimal and robust controller based on consolidating the PID controller and H-infinity approach with the model reference control is proposed. The proposed controller is intended to accomplish a satisfactory transient response by including the reference model. A Tail-Sitter VTOL UAV system is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller. A dynamic model of the system is formulated using Euler method. To optimize the design procedure, the Black Hole Optimization (BHO) method is used as a new Calibration method. The deviation between the reference model output and system output will be minimized to obtain the …

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Phase Transformations, Microstructure And Shape Memory Effect Of Nitiag Alloy With Different Atomic Percentages (At. % Ag) Manufactured By Casting Method, Saja M. Hussein, Khansaa D. Salman, Ahmed A. Hussein Jul 2026

Phase Transformations, Microstructure And Shape Memory Effect Of Nitiag Alloy With Different Atomic Percentages (At. % Ag) Manufactured By Casting Method, Saja M. Hussein, Khansaa D. Salman, Ahmed A. Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, shape memory alloys (SMAs) (NiTi-based) have been manufactured by casting with a different atomic percentage of a silver element (0, 1, 2 and 3 at. % Ag) using a Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR) furnace. The silver element is added to the binary alloys due to its excellent properties such as (anti-corrosion, anti-bacterial and high electrical conductivity), which make these alloys using in wider applications. These alloys with different atomic percentages (Ni55Ti45Ag0, Ni55Ti44Ag1, Ni55Ti43Ag2 and Ni55Ti42Ag3) have been manufactured. The successful manufacturing process has been achieved and proved via examinations and tests. The FESEM microscopic examinations show that …

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Impact Of Distributed Generation On A Distribution Network Voltage Sags In Baghdad City, Ali H. Mohammed, Suad I. Shahl Jul 2026

Impact Of Distributed Generation On A Distribution Network Voltage Sags In Baghdad City, Ali H. Mohammed, Suad I. Shahl

Engineering and Technology Journal

Voltage sags are considered as one of the most detrimental power quality (PQ) disturbance due to their costly influence on sensitive loads. This paper investigates the voltage sag mitigation in distribution network following the occurrence of a fault. Two software are used in this work; the 1st is MATLAB R2017a for implementation of the Differential Evaluation (DE) algorithm to find the optimal location and size DG and while the 2nd software is CYME 7.1 for the distribution system modelling and analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed method is tested by implementing it on IEEE 33-bus system, and then it is …

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Hybrid Pso-Rbfnn And Proposed Algorithms Of Dddwt For The Heart Disease Classification, Ansam S. Jabbar Jul 2026

Hybrid Pso-Rbfnn And Proposed Algorithms Of Dddwt For The Heart Disease Classification, Ansam S. Jabbar

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper introduced a Particle Swarm Optimization-Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (PSO-RBFNN)-based system for heart disease detection that used the PSO algorithm to optimize RBFNN parameters. The newly developed signal digital algorithm presents the results of a new image contrast enhancement approach using Double Density Discrete Wavelet transform DDDWT for extraction of features, using adaptive DDDWT for the elimination of noise, and the use of PSO and ANN methods to classify the output from the Electrocardiogram (EGGS). It also provides identification of all techniques and MATLAB codes used to improve the processes.This approach merged the global search power of the …

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Assessment Of The Water Quality Index Of The Tigris River Between The University Of Baghdad And Diyala River, Ayat N. Abed, Gahyda Y. Al Kindi, Tariq A. Hussain Jul 2026

Assessment Of The Water Quality Index Of The Tigris River Between The University Of Baghdad And Diyala River, Ayat N. Abed, Gahyda Y. Al Kindi, Tariq A. Hussain

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Tigris River is considered as one of the two major rivers in Iraq. Many factories are located on both bank of the river such as the public company for soft drinks, Al-Dura oil refinery, chemical, plastic, and leather factories, Dura electricity station, and others. It is well known that most discharge effluents into the river do not match national standard specifications. In addition, the major aim of the presented work is to assess the Water Quality Index (WQI) for the Tigris River starting from The University of Baghdad to 0.5 km downflow the confluence of the Diyala River. The …

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Al2o3-Tio2-Pmma Bio-Composite Coating Via Electrostatic Spray Technique, Rasha A. Issa, Mohanad N. Al-Shroofy, Hanna A. Al-Kaisy Jul 2026

Al2o3-Tio2-Pmma Bio-Composite Coating Via Electrostatic Spray Technique, Rasha A. Issa, Mohanad N. Al-Shroofy, Hanna A. Al-Kaisy

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work aims preparation of polymer-based biocomposite coating by electrostatic spray method onto 316L stainless steel substrate, the present work will compare the effects of incorporation of Al2O3 and TiO2 particles at a different percentage of (10,15 and 20 % wt. from Al2O3 and TiO2 with (90,85 and 80% wt. PMMA - based electrostatic deposition coating is studied. The structure and chemical composition of composite coatings were studied by using (SEM) & (EDS) and mechanical properties (Microhardness and adhesion strength) of Al2O3-TiO2-PMMA composite coating. The SEM&EDX result showed that the composite coating to be dense with uniform dispersants and continuous …

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A Novel Recursive Heuristic Algorithm For Straight And U-Shaped Assembly Line Balancing With Fuzzy Processing Time, Samah. A. Aufy, Allaeldin. H. Kassam Jul 2026

A Novel Recursive Heuristic Algorithm For Straight And U-Shaped Assembly Line Balancing With Fuzzy Processing Time, Samah. A. Aufy, Allaeldin. H. Kassam

Engineering and Technology Journal

The paper aims to address the straight and U–type assembly line balancing problems by developing a novel recursive heuristic algorithm based on the idea of the depth of search. The dynamic fuzzy processing time (DFPT) model is employed to represent uncertainty and ambiguity related to the processing time in the actual production systems. The novel algorithm, the minimum cycle time objective is considered for a set of imposed considerers. They are arranged in an appropriate strategy in which three-stages are proposed and presented as a solution approach. Finally, the validity of the developed solution approach is evaluated through a tested …

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Design Of An Optimal Backstepping Controller For Nonlinear System Under Disturbance, Luay T. Rasheed, Mohammed K. Hamzah Jul 2026

Design Of An Optimal Backstepping Controller For Nonlinear System Under Disturbance, Luay T. Rasheed, Mohammed K. Hamzah

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of the work for this paper is the design of an optimal backstepping controller for a nonlinear pendulum system to stabilize the position of pendulum’s ball suspended in the desired position. The Cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) has been utilized to get and tune the gain variables of the proposed backstepping controller in order to find the best torque action for the system. The numerical simulation results using (MATLAB package) show the robustness and the effectiveness of the proposed backstepping based COA controller in terms of obtaining the best torque control action without a saturation state that will stabilize …

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Optimal Placement And Size Of Distributed Generators Based On Autoadd And Pso To Improve Voltage Profile And Minimize Power Losses, Mustafa R. Nasser, Inaam I. Ali, Mohammed H. Alkhafaji Jul 2026

Optimal Placement And Size Of Distributed Generators Based On Autoadd And Pso To Improve Voltage Profile And Minimize Power Losses, Mustafa R. Nasser, Inaam I. Ali, Mohammed H. Alkhafaji

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work aims to improve the voltage profile and reduce electrical network losses through optimal planning of distributed generators. A new search algorithm (Autoadd) along with the (PSO) are introduced to choose the best location and size for distributed generators. Two systems are implemented; a 33-bus test network and a 30-bus of a local community in the city of Al- Diwaniyah. At the power flow, a solution is implemented using a fixed-point iteration method within an OpenDSS environment to check the performance of both networks. Moreover, the optimal location and size of the distributed generators are determined using Autoadd and …

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Estimation Of The Components Of Residential Solid Waste In Baqubah City And Their Generation Rate, Esraa Q. Shehab, Zainab B. Mohammed, Mohammed Y. Fattah Jul 2026

Estimation Of The Components Of Residential Solid Waste In Baqubah City And Their Generation Rate, Esraa Q. Shehab, Zainab B. Mohammed, Mohammed Y. Fattah

Engineering and Technology Journal

Municipal solid waste is of variable, non-uniform inconsistent nature and the method by which the sample to acquire is decisive if the results are to be reliable. For data collection, an integrated methodological approach was introduced, including field investigation, questionnaire survey, and personal interviews, which were employed to estimate the rate of waste production and physical composition at the source of generation. Samples were collected from different socio-economic clusters (socio-income level). According to the results of the preliminary survey for 99% confidence interval and 10% standard error, the optimum sample size was 105 households, in Baqubah City in Diyala Governorate …

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Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Saad A. Al-Taan, Ayad A. Abdul-Razzak Jul 2026

Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Saad A. Al-Taan, Ayad A. Abdul-Razzak

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents a study on the behavior of fiber reinforced concrete slabs using finite element analysis. A previously published finite element program is used for the nonlinear analysis by including the steel fiber concrete properties. Concrete is represented by degenerated quadratic thick shell element, which is the general shear deformable eight node serendipity element, and the thickness is divided into layers. An elastic perfectly plastic and strain hardening plasticity approach are used to model the compression behavior of concrete. The reinforcing bars were smeared within the concrete layers and assumed as either an elastic perfectly plastic material or as …

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Experimental Study And Numerical Simulation Of Plane Steel Frame With Rubberized Connecting Technology Subjected To Seismic Effect, Suhaib J. Ali, Amer M. Ibrahim, Sarmad Shafeeq Jul 2026

Experimental Study And Numerical Simulation Of Plane Steel Frame With Rubberized Connecting Technology Subjected To Seismic Effect, Suhaib J. Ali, Amer M. Ibrahim, Sarmad Shafeeq

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper represents experimental and numerical study the behavior of the rubberized steel frame connections. One single-bay, one-story without elastic buckling are cyclically tested. The experimental specimens are simulated and analyzed by the ABAQUS program. Four specimens of steel plane portal frame are investigated under horizontal reversed cyclic loads. The specimen connections are developed by using different diameters of composite steel bolts/rubber instead of conventional steel bolts to connect the beams with columns. The yield and ultimate strength, ductility, envelope curves, and damping ratio of these specimens are analyzed and compared. The finite element method is used to establish and …

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Effect Of Oil – Corrosion On Tensile And Fatigue S-N Curve Properties Of Aa6061-T6, Hussain J.M. Al-Alkawi, Ghgada A. Aziz, Shmoos R. Mazel Jul 2026

Effect Of Oil – Corrosion On Tensile And Fatigue S-N Curve Properties Of Aa6061-T6, Hussain J.M. Al-Alkawi, Ghgada A. Aziz, Shmoos R. Mazel

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present study described the effect of shot peening on mechanical properties and rotating corrosion –fatigue behavior (strength and life) of AA6061-T6. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield stress (YS) were reduced by 4.6% and 1.24% when immersing the tensile samples in crude oil for 60 days. The values of (UTS) and (YS) were raised from 307 to 316 MPa and from 248 to 254 MPa respectively when treated for 10 min. shot peening (SP). Hardness of oil corrosion samples dropped due to pitting corrosion and slightly raised for SP prior to corrosion samples. Oil corrosion reduced the fatigue strength …

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Design And Performance Analysis Of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor For Electric Vehicles Application, Mustafa Y. Bdewi, Ahmed M. Mohammed, Mohammed M. Ezzaldean Jul 2026

Design And Performance Analysis Of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor For Electric Vehicles Application, Mustafa Y. Bdewi, Ahmed M. Mohammed, Mohammed M. Ezzaldean

Engineering and Technology Journal

In electrical vehicle applications, power density plays a significant role in improving machine performance. The main objective of this paper is to design and analyze the performance of in-wheel outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) used in electric vehicles based on a previously designed model. The key challenge is to achieve the best machine performance regarding the highest torque density and lowest torque ripple. This work also aims at reducing the machine cost by using permanent magnet (PM) material, which has less energy density than the PM used in the previously designed model. An optimization procedure is carried out …

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(Polyphenyl Sulfone - Polyether Sulfone) Blending To Performance Flat Sheet Membrane To Remove Some Heavy And Radioactive Elements From Phosphogypsum Waste, Waleed T.Rashid, Israa A. Alkadir, Moayyed G. Jalhoom, Khalid T. Rashid Jul 2026

(Polyphenyl Sulfone - Polyether Sulfone) Blending To Performance Flat Sheet Membrane To Remove Some Heavy And Radioactive Elements From Phosphogypsum Waste, Waleed T.Rashid, Israa A. Alkadir, Moayyed G. Jalhoom, Khalid T. Rashid

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, the traditional version of the phase inversion method was used to fabricate a flat sheet of a blended membrane. The method was involved using a polymer that blends polyether sulfone (PES) varied proportions (0,3,4 and 5 wt.%), and polyphenyl sulfone (PPSU) was 20wt%. It was found that with the addition of PES, the membrane properties increased, the best properties were with 4%wt. The ratio was chosen PES 4wt% to study the effect of time, temperature, and pressure on the rejection of heavy and radioactive elements. The increase in the porosity was with the addition of 4% PES. …

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Backstepping Control Strategy For Overhead Crane System, Mohammed Y. Khudhair, Mohammed Y. Hassan, Saleem K. Kadhim Jul 2026

Backstepping Control Strategy For Overhead Crane System, Mohammed Y. Khudhair, Mohammed Y. Hassan, Saleem K. Kadhim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Swinging on the shifted load by overhead crane is one of the main problems that all researchers suffer from. In addition, the crane system is a nonlinear and under-actuated system. Furthermore it is multivariable problem and it has coupling between its parameters (x, . In this work, a developed type of anti-sway Backstepping controller is proposed to solve swinging on the shifted load for full non-linear overhead crane system. Simulation results were validated against the related articles previously published which used Fuzzy Logic control. The enhancement is measured for Backstepping control as a swinging to achieve 50.7%, 38.1% and 42.5% …

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Design Of Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller For Uncertain Pendulum System, Dina H. Tohma, Ahmed K. Hamoudi Jul 2026

Design Of Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller For Uncertain Pendulum System, Dina H. Tohma, Ahmed K. Hamoudi

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work aims to study and apply the adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) for the pendulum system with the existence of the parameters uncertainty, external disturbances, and coulomb friction. The adaptive sliding mode controller has several features over the conventional sliding mode control method. Firstly, the magnitude of the control signal is reduced to the minimally acceptable level defined by special conditions concerned with ASMC algorithm. Secondly, the upper bounds of uncertainties are not necessary to be defined before starting the work. For this reason, the ASMC can be used successfully to control the pendulum system with minimum control effort. …

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Chemical Precipitation Method For Sulphate Removal From Treated Wastewater Of Al-Doura Refinery, Aumar Alnakeeb, Rana Mohammed Rasheed Jul 2026

Chemical Precipitation Method For Sulphate Removal From Treated Wastewater Of Al-Doura Refinery, Aumar Alnakeeb, Rana Mohammed Rasheed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wastewater treatment by Wastewater Treatment Plant, named (INGECO) in Doura refinery suffers from the elevated level of sulphate ion concentrations compared to the recommended EPA [14] specified (250 mg/L). The annual rate, maximum and peak sulphate concentrations that found to be 360; 425 and 550 mg/L respectively. In this study samples prepared from industrial wastewater and the average, maximum and peak sulphate concentrations to be used in chemical precipitation process by using BaCl2 or Al(OH)3. Results obtained from BaCl2 treatment refer to the optimum (dosage, mixing time and mixing speed) to be used in sulphate removal for reuse purpose were …

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Intelligent Controller Design Based On Wind-Solar System, Areeg F. Hussein, Hanan A. R. Akkar Jul 2026

Intelligent Controller Design Based On Wind-Solar System, Areeg F. Hussein, Hanan A. R. Akkar

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents an Intelligent controller designed to mastery the output power flow from the Solar System, the Wind system, the sum of the two systems or from the battery system, according to the Maximum power point tracking algorithm, to ensure the continuity of the output power at fast time response. The proposed controller has been designed using MATLAB m-file and trained with the different number of hidden neurons using two different algorithms to get as fast a response time with minimum Mean Square Error (MSE) as possible which resulted in six hidden neurons using Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithms.

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Detection Of Confusion Behavior Using A Facial Expression Based On Different Classification Algorithms, Fatima I. Yasser, Bassam H. Abd, Saad M. Abbas Jul 2026

Detection Of Confusion Behavior Using A Facial Expression Based On Different Classification Algorithms, Fatima I. Yasser, Bassam H. Abd, Saad M. Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

Confusion detection systems (CDSs) that need Noninvasive, mobile, and cost-effective methods use facial expressions as a technique to detect confusion. In previous works, the technology that the system used represents a major gap between this proposed CDS and other systems. This CDS depends on the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) that is used to extract facial features. The FACS shows the motion of the facial muscles represented by Action Units (AUs); the movement is represented with one facial muscle or more. Seven AUs are used as possible markers for detecting confusion that has been implemented in the form of a …

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Analytical Study Of Affecting Gasoline Quality Properties On Environment And Its Conformity With Specifications, Dhuha K. Ismayyir, Lamyaa M. Dawood Jul 2026

Analytical Study Of Affecting Gasoline Quality Properties On Environment And Its Conformity With Specifications, Dhuha K. Ismayyir, Lamyaa M. Dawood

Engineering and Technology Journal

Gasoline is an important fuel in human life, but it is also responsible for deteriorating Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) through fugitive and exhaust emissions. In this study, chemical properties (Sulfur and Lead content) of gasoline production at Al-Daura refinery were verify based on a statistical quality control tool. Gasoline samples were examined in January/2011 and compared with samples examined in January/2019. In this study, it was concluded that the average production process and process variability for Sulfur content and added Lead value are stable. In January/2011 Sulfur content conforms to Iraqi and European standard specifications, but Lead value doesn’t conform …

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Pattern Recognition Of Composite Motions Based On Emg Signal Via Machine Learning, Noof T. Mahmooda, Mahmuod H. Al-Muifraje, Sameer K. Salih, Thamir R. Saeed Jul 2026

Pattern Recognition Of Composite Motions Based On Emg Signal Via Machine Learning, Noof T. Mahmooda, Mahmuod H. Al-Muifraje, Sameer K. Salih, Thamir R. Saeed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In the past few years, physical therapy plays a crucial role during rehabilitation. Numerous efforts are made to demonstrate the effectiveness of medical/ clinical and human-machine interface (HMI) applications. One of the most common control methods is using electromyography (EMG) signals generated by muscle contractions to implement the prosthetic human body parts. This paper presents an EMG signal classification system based on the EMG signal. The data is collected from biceps and triceps muscles for six different motions, i.e., bowing, clapping, handshaking, hugging, jumping, and running using a Myo armband with eight electromyography sensors. The Root Mean Square, Difference Absolute …

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Examining Rebalancing Considers Of The Mixed-Model Assembly Line Type-Ii For The Straight And U-Shaped Layout Using The Taguchi Method, Samah. A. Aufy, Allaeldin. H. Kassam, Ghanim A. Ismeal Jul 2026

Examining Rebalancing Considers Of The Mixed-Model Assembly Line Type-Ii For The Straight And U-Shaped Layout Using The Taguchi Method, Samah. A. Aufy, Allaeldin. H. Kassam, Ghanim A. Ismeal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Facing the increasingly competitive market environment, assembly lines are gained attention because of the assembly process expenditure consumes more than 20 % of the manufacturing cost, and also improve its products to meet demand. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop worker-task assigned to workstation heuristic (W-TAWH) approach for solving mixed-model assembly line balancing problem (M-MALBP), in which the assembly tasks have to be assigned to workstations, and each workstation needs to select only one of the available operators to perform the assigned tasks corresponding to the straight and U-shaped assembly lines with the objective minimum cycle …

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Removal Of Tetracycline Antibiotic From Wastewater By Fenton Oxidation Process, Mahdi H. Mahdi, Thamer J. Mohammed, Jenan A. Al-Najar Jul 2026

Removal Of Tetracycline Antibiotic From Wastewater By Fenton Oxidation Process, Mahdi H. Mahdi, Thamer J. Mohammed, Jenan A. Al-Najar

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aimed to remove the antibiotic tetracycline from a sample of synthetic wastewater using an advanced oxidation process by Fenton's reagent treatment. Central Composite Design (CCD) software was used to reduce the number of tests required to remove tetracycline. The independent variables identified in batch oxidation experiments are the concentrations of tetracycline (40–250 mg / L), hydrogen peroxide (20–600 mg / L), and Fe(II) (0–60 mg / L). The rate of tetracycline degradation was significantly influenced by the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and tetracycline. The reaction time required for tetracycline removal was determined to be 15 minutes. The optimal …

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H∞ Loop Shaping Robust Postprandial Glucose Control For Type 1 Diabetes, Safa F. Fadhel, Safanah M. Raafat Jul 2026

H∞ Loop Shaping Robust Postprandial Glucose Control For Type 1 Diabetes, Safa F. Fadhel, Safanah M. Raafat

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Bergman model is one of the most commonly used models applied to the representation of the artificial pancreas (AP). It is important to study the effects of the insulin infusion on blood glucose concentration. This work includes a case study for the design of a robust controller for an AP. Robustness is a structured control that improves a system's ability to keep its stability and performance under various conditions. The proposed H∞ loop shaping HLS method will fulfill the design requirements of robust control and performance. The results of the simulation prove the superiority of the intended approach in …

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Integral Sliding Mode Control Based On Barrier Function For Servo Actuator With Friction, Anmar F. Abd, Shibly A. Al-Samarraie Jul 2026

Integral Sliding Mode Control Based On Barrier Function For Servo Actuator With Friction, Anmar F. Abd, Shibly A. Al-Samarraie

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper proposes the use of the integral sliding mode control (ISMC) based on the barrier function to control the servo actuator system with friction. Based on the barrier function, the main features of the ISMC design were preserved, additionally, the proposed control design is done without the need to know the bound on the system model uncertainty, accordingly, the overestimation of the control gain doesn’t take place and the chattering is eliminated. Moreover, the steady-state error can be adjusted via selecting the barrier function parameter only.The simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed ISMC based on the barrier …

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Congestion Avoidance And Control In Internet Router Based On Fuzzy Aqm, Hanan M. Kadhim, Ahmed A. Oglah Jul 2026

Congestion Avoidance And Control In Internet Router Based On Fuzzy Aqm, Hanan M. Kadhim, Ahmed A. Oglah

Engineering and Technology Journal

The internet has made the world a little community, linking millions of people, organizations, and equipment for different purposes. The great impact of these networks in our lives makes their efficiency a vital matter to take care of, and this needs handling some problems including congestion. In this paper, the fuzzy-PID controller is used to control the nonlinear TCP / AQM model. This controller adjusts congestion of the computer network and commits controlled pressurized signaling features. Many experiments were carried out using different network parameter values, various queue sizes, and additional disturbances to verify the robustness and efficiency of the …

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Optimizing Nano Metalworking Emulsions Preparation Using Response Surface Method, Nuhad B. Dawood, Adnan A. Abdulrazak, Adel S. Hamadi Jul 2026

Optimizing Nano Metalworking Emulsions Preparation Using Response Surface Method, Nuhad B. Dawood, Adnan A. Abdulrazak, Adel S. Hamadi

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work paraffin oil, water and a mixture of surfactants Span20 & Tween20 are utilized for the preparation of the Metalworking Fluids (MWF). A quadratic model was developed by applying the response surface method (RSM) to relate the droplets size and emulsion stability as a response to five independent variables namely the speed and time of mixing, the concentration of the surfactant, Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) value and pH value. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted; the results confirm the high significance of the regression model. The predicted values were found to be satisfactory with that experimental value. Mixing speed …

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