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Articles 2641 - 2670 of 57838
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 10
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 10
Human-Machine Communication
This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 10.
The Emergence Of Ai Chatbots In Education, Trek Martin
The Emergence Of Ai Chatbots In Education, Trek Martin
Journal of Graduate Education Research
The recent advent of popular AI applications in educational contexts has sparked renewed interest in the question of AI and guided learning platforms as teaching tools. What are the possibilities for learning? In the attempt to answer that question, limitations of the field must be brought to full attention, as well an understanding of whether or not those limitations will continue into the immediate future; this research examines the technical evolution of artificial intelligence in education, from early symbolic reasoning systems to modern machine-learning-based chatbots. It then examines that evolution in terms of the key challenges it faced throughout, and …
Deep Learning And Machine Learning Based Prediction Of Significant Wave Height Along The Grand Coast Of Dakar, Senegal, Dialo Diop, Xu Dongsheng, Sanjay Kumar Shukla
Deep Learning And Machine Learning Based Prediction Of Significant Wave Height Along The Grand Coast Of Dakar, Senegal, Dialo Diop, Xu Dongsheng, Sanjay Kumar Shukla
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Recently, deep learning (DL) has become an essential tool for processing large datasets and is playing a crucial role in scientific research. It significantly contributes to protecting the marine environment and forecasting oceanic phenomena. This study applies an autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) time series model to forecast significant wave heights (SWHs) at two beaches in Dakar, Senegal: Malika and Yoff. Additionally, the long short-term memory network (LSTM) is used for comparative analysis. Both models estimate SWH for future predictions ranging from 12 hours to 60 days. The study utilized ERA5 reanalysis data, comprising 52584 elements of SWH and …
Smart Mobility Technologies In Urban Areas Of Emerging Economies: A Bibliometric Analysis, Peter Mugisha, Rose Luke, Joash Mageto, Hossana Twinomurinzi
Smart Mobility Technologies In Urban Areas Of Emerging Economies: A Bibliometric Analysis, Peter Mugisha, Rose Luke, Joash Mageto, Hossana Twinomurinzi
African Conference on Information Systems and Technology
Despite the adoption of smart mobility solutions in emerging economies, challenges such as traffic congestion, pollution and inadequate infrastructure still persist. This study analyses 540 scholarly articles published between 2003 and 2024 to evaluate how smart mobility technologies – such as Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) – have been implemented in these regions. Data was retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science and analysed using Biblioshiny for bibliometric mapping and Atlas.ti for thematic analysis. The review identifies research trends and gaps, showing how ITS has improved transport management in cities like Nairobi, and …
Modeling, Control, And Learning For Whole-Body Manipulation With Large-Scale Soft Robots, Curtis C. Johnson
Modeling, Control, And Learning For Whole-Body Manipulation With Large-Scale Soft Robots, Curtis C. Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation addresses the challenge of enabling soft robots to perform contact-rich manipulation tasks by overcoming limitations in hardware, modeling, control, and learning. First, we present hardware advancements with PneuDrive, a pneumatic control system for actuating soft robots. We also introduce Baloo, a hybrid soft-rigid robotic torso which achieves a single-arm payload capacity of 19.3 kg and robust whole-body grasping capabilities. We also develop a full-body tactile sensing system enabling piezoresistive sensor arrays to cover large areas (1 square meter) with over 8000 distributed sensing points. Second, we focus on developing tractable dynamic models based on the Recursive Newton-Euler algorithm …
Hydrosocial Ocean Commons: Offshore Wind Energy In Oregon, Bryce Ashlyn Sprauer
Hydrosocial Ocean Commons: Offshore Wind Energy In Oregon, Bryce Ashlyn Sprauer
Dissertations and Theses
The ocean has been culturally and legally conceptualized as a commons, a space of subsistence inherited by all. Enclosure or privatization creates overlapping jurisdictions of ocean space. The ocean is also the world's most significant carbon capture, absorbing billions of tons of anthropogenic carbon dioxide since the Industrial Revolution. Now, the ocean offers an additional opportunity to decarbonize energy production and reduce greenhouse gas emissions through 'new frontiers' of offshore wind technology; however, this potential is entangled within neoliberalism. Offshore wind is entering a fragmented legal landscape where the social-legal process of ocean jurisdiction remains contested. As the "new frontier" …
Direct Control Strategy Using Polynomial Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Fractional Order Pid Controller, Ali Rospawan, Clara Lavita Angelina, Faisal Samsuri, Muhammad Yeza Baihaqi, Edmun Halawa, Muhammad Munajat, Vincent Vincent, Surawan Setiyadi, Irwan Purnama, Joni Welman Simatupang
Direct Control Strategy Using Polynomial Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Fractional Order Pid Controller, Ali Rospawan, Clara Lavita Angelina, Faisal Samsuri, Muhammad Yeza Baihaqi, Edmun Halawa, Muhammad Munajat, Vincent Vincent, Surawan Setiyadi, Irwan Purnama, Joni Welman Simatupang
Makara Journal of Technology
This paper presents a novel direct control strategy using a polynomial fuzzy neural network-based adaptive fractional order proportional integral derivative (PFNN-AFOPID) controller for nonlinear and time-varying systems. The proposed approach integrates the enhanced flexibility of fractional order calculus PID with the superior nonlinear approximation capabilities of polynomial fuzzy models, enabling dynamic adjustment of all control parameters without requiring precise mathematical modeling of system dynamics. By extending traditional PID control with fractional-order operations, the controller achieves improved frequency response and robustness against disturbances. Experimental validation on a DC motor position control system demonstrates significant performance improvements. Compared to traditional PID, the …
Free-Running Ring Oscillators For Crystal-Free Communication Systems: Design, Simulation Challenges, And Frequency Stability Improvements, Haziq Rohail
Dissertations and Theses
This thesis presents techniques for enhancing the frequency stability of ring oscillators (ROs) for crystal-free wireless communication systems. The first major contribution is a tutorial-style study of frequency stability metrics, providing clear definitions, conversions methods, and comparative analysis of commonly used figures of merit such as phase noise, Allan deviation, and jitter. The second contribution addresses the challenges of simulating phase noise in free-running ROs. Key techniques including Periodic Steady-State Noise (PNoise), Harmonic Balance Noise (HBNoise), and transient noise analysis are evaluated in terms of accuracy, convergence behavior, and simulation runtime. Based on these results, practical guidelines are offered for …
Intelligent Motion Tracking: A Low-Cost Surveillance Framework Using Soc Devices And Sensor Fusion, Aung Myat Khaung, Nicholas Michael Stiffler
Intelligent Motion Tracking: A Low-Cost Surveillance Framework Using Soc Devices And Sensor Fusion, Aung Myat Khaung, Nicholas Michael Stiffler
Research from the Berry Summer Thesis Institute, 2025
This thesis presents the design and implementation of a lightweight surveillance system capable of realtime motion detection, object tracking, and behavioral history reconstruction in controlled environments. The system uses System-on-Chip devices such as Raspberry Pi boards equipped with NOIR cameras, monocular cameras, and break-beam sensors that work together to detect and track single or multiple moving objects like colored balls. The prototype is validated in structured settings with the goal of eventual deployment in more dynamic environments, addressing the challenge of reliably tracking visually similar objects with minimal distinguishing features. The architecture integrates computer vision with sensor fusion by combining …
An Investigation Of Hydro-Morphological Changes At The Estuarine Outlet Of Kitchener Drain, Northern Coast Of Egypt, Nada Mansour, Karim Nassar, Mahmoud El-Gamal, Tharwat Sarhan
An Investigation Of Hydro-Morphological Changes At The Estuarine Outlet Of Kitchener Drain, Northern Coast Of Egypt, Nada Mansour, Karim Nassar, Mahmoud El-Gamal, Tharwat Sarhan
Mansoura Engineering Journal
In recent years, sedimentation and coastline erosion have occurred in the Kitchener Drain, where its outflow meets the Mediterranean Sea. Several measures have been taken to mitigate the impact of these problems. Excavation continues toward the drain's outlet, and there have been multiple stages of hard protection work, such as groins along the drain's eastern and western banks. What would happen if the working near the drain was kept, where accretion and erosion are most severe. The Coastal Modelling System (CMS) was used to find it out. The two-dimensional hydrodynamic circulation model known as the CMS is outfitted with modules …
Exploring Arabic Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Review, Lamar Aljahdali, Joud Kaki
Exploring Arabic Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Review, Lamar Aljahdali, Joud Kaki
Effat Undergraduate Research Journal
This paper presents a comprehensive review of Arabic large language models (LLMs), exploring their capabilities, limitations, and potential impact on the Arabic NLP landscape. We analyze the performance of prominent LLMs, including JAIS, AraBERT, and BLOOM, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses on various NLP tasks. The review delves into critical challenges faced by Arabic LLMs, such as domain adaptation, cross-lingual capabilities, and ethical considerations. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of responsible development and deployment practices for LLMs, ensuring fairness, transparency, and cultural sensitivity.
Analog To Digital Converters Topologies For Radar System Application: A Comparison, Kulsoom Mateen, Wafa Alharbi, Aziza I. Hussein
Analog To Digital Converters Topologies For Radar System Application: A Comparison, Kulsoom Mateen, Wafa Alharbi, Aziza I. Hussein
Effat Undergraduate Research Journal
Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) that convert analog signals into digital ones play a significant role in radar systems. The accuracy and resolution of radar readings are significantly influenced by the quality and performance of ADCs. This paper discusses and compares the application of five different types of ADCs in radar systems. It also elaborates on each ADC's working principle, advantages, and limitations. The parameters compared are resolution and dynamic range, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), latency and sampling rate, power consumption, size, and cost. After thorough research, we concluded that each ADC differs depending on the designer’s desired application. For example, flash ADCs …
Satellite Internet Technology: Connect The Unconnected, Nora Turki Alamoudi Ms., Aziza I.Hussien Proffessor
Satellite Internet Technology: Connect The Unconnected, Nora Turki Alamoudi Ms., Aziza I.Hussien Proffessor
Effat Undergraduate Research Journal
Satellite Internet is the internet provided through a network of communication satellite constellations in space. This type of internet can cover an area of a wider range than the commonly used cable internet. The development of small-sized satellite technology in the commercial space sector has entered a vigorous phase of development. However, approximately four billion individuals worldwide lack internet access. Most of these citizens live in developing countries. It is in this context that the industry of satellite internet is expanding its social and economic development through connectivity. The implementation of the idea requires examining the advantages provided by satellite …
Sar Analog-To-Digital Converters For Point-Of-Care Biosensors: A Comparison, Eithar Alammari, Joud Alamro, Sara Alashwali, Ghadah S. Alyami, Aziza I. Hussein
Sar Analog-To-Digital Converters For Point-Of-Care Biosensors: A Comparison, Eithar Alammari, Joud Alamro, Sara Alashwali, Ghadah S. Alyami, Aziza I. Hussein
Effat Undergraduate Research Journal
The SAR ADC, recognized for its low power consumption, moderate resolution, and satisfactory processing speed, stands as an ideal choice for ultra-low power biomedical applications. Recent efforts have been concentrated on enhancing the power efficiency of the SAR ADC sub-components through intricate refinements and innovative techniques. These efforts aim to minimize energy consumption without compromising the ADC's performance. Therefore, this paper aims to thoroughly examine various implementation approaches for the main components of the SAR ADC, highlighting their individual strengths, weaknesses, and limitations within wireless biomedical applications.
Continuous Versus Discrete-Time Sigma-Delta Analog To Digital Converters For Biomedical Applications: A Comparison, Haya H. Binsalim, Batool Alaidroos, Basma Shigdar, Salma Badaam, Aziza I. Hussein
Continuous Versus Discrete-Time Sigma-Delta Analog To Digital Converters For Biomedical Applications: A Comparison, Haya H. Binsalim, Batool Alaidroos, Basma Shigdar, Salma Badaam, Aziza I. Hussein
Effat Undergraduate Research Journal
Continuous-time (CT) and discrete-time (DT) sigma-delta (ΔΣ) converters are two commonly used techniques for analog-to-digital conversion. While both methods operate based on the principles of oversampling and noise shaping, they differ in their implementation and performance characteristics. CT ΔΣ converters use analog circuits to sample and process signals continuously, while DT ΔΣ utilizes digital circuits to sample and process signals at discrete intervals. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison between CT and DT ΔΣ converters, highlighting their advantages and limitations. The comparison is made in terms of design complexity, power consumption, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and other essential parameters in medical …
Wideband Spectrum Sensing For Cognitive Radio Using Under-Sampled Successive Approximation Adc, Aziza I. Hussein
Wideband Spectrum Sensing For Cognitive Radio Using Under-Sampled Successive Approximation Adc, Aziza I. Hussein
Effat Undergraduate Research Journal
The radio spectrum, an inherently limited resource, has been increasingly utilized owing to the recent exponential growth of wireless services. This has led to a new approach, termed cognitive radio, predicated upon exploitation of spectrum holes for omnipresent spectrum utilization. This is made possible via cognitive radio networks’ employment of spectrum sensing. Wideband spectrum sensing has been the focal challenge point in cognitive radio technology, since existing techniques are reliant on analog to digital converters (ADC) with sampling at the Nyquist rate. Unfortunately, in order to perform digitization of wideband RF signals at the Nyquist rate, a very high sampling …
Fault Detection In Analog Vlsi Circuits Based On Artificial Intelligence
Fault Detection In Analog Vlsi Circuits Based On Artificial Intelligence
Effat Undergraduate Research Journal
In thepastdecade,artificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenonthe rise asatooltobeutilizedacrossallthefieldsavailableintheindustry. Specificallyinthemicroelectronicsfield,exploringthecurrentoptionsof VLSI faultdetectionandtheirtypesiscrucialforadvancementandis importantinidentifyingwhetherthereisroomforimprovementorthe optimumisalreadybeingdone.Therefore,thepurposeofthisresearch is tocompareandcontrastbetweenVLSIfaultdetectionindigitaland analog circuitsusingAI.Techniquestoimproveefficiencysuchastrou- bleshootinginsmallsegmentsratherthanthewholesystemandsome resolutions todrawbacksthataren’tdetectibletohumansliketimingare discussed andresolvedinthispaper.Moreover,somenon-idealitiesand risks likemarginalstabilitywereconsidered.Finally,presentelements that areusedintoday’sfaultdetectioncircuitslikeneuralcontrollers and theANNswerediscussedaswell.Currently,theANNsarethemost utilized toolforfaultdiagnosesanddetection;however,forthecontinu- ation ofthistechnology’sgrowth,developersneedtofindmoreefficient methodstomovepastit.
Posture - A Framework With Measures And Mediating Effects In Support Of A Structural Model For Attitude In Identity Formation, Christopher Kyle Prather
Posture - A Framework With Measures And Mediating Effects In Support Of A Structural Model For Attitude In Identity Formation, Christopher Kyle Prather
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation develops a framework and new, valid, abbreviated instruments for researching engineering identity formation as an evolving relational and attitudinal development process rather than a fixed outcome. The framework centers on “posture”, a mediating effect analogous to physical posture in human factors engineering. The investigation was unique, and developed evidence for a structural model using an interdisciplinary, systems-oriented approach. Methodologically, a clinical measure of internal emotional states from the Marriage and Family Therapy literature was administered alongside existing scales for perseverance, perceived workload, and psychological ownership. This study used the broad coverage of the clinical instrument to search for …
Evaluation Of The Performance Of The Traveling Wave Differential Element In Protective Relays, Niranjan Kc
Evaluation Of The Performance Of The Traveling Wave Differential Element In Protective Relays, Niranjan Kc
Master's Theses
This thesis evaluates the dependability, security, and limitations of the traveling wave differential protection function (TW87) in modern time-domain-based protective relays, using a combination of simulations and hardware testing in a laboratory environment. Fault transients are first generated using the electromagnetic transients program model of a real, 230 kV, 65.7 km long overhead transmission line, which are then played back on real time-domain-based protective relays. Various fault scenarios are chosen to evaluate the impacts of factors such as fault inception angle, distance to fault from line terminals, fault type, fault impedance, and external faults on the relay functions’ performance. Results …
Advancing Rfid Systems: From Head Orientation To Robotic Localization Using Passive Tags, Guilherme Ricardo Mendes Da Silva Barreto De Figueiredo
Advancing Rfid Systems: From Head Orientation To Robotic Localization Using Passive Tags, Guilherme Ricardo Mendes Da Silva Barreto De Figueiredo
Doctoral Dissertations
No abstract provided.
An Envisioned And Efficient Design Of Next Generation Decentralized Iot Bot Detection Model, Ahmed Abdullah Almalki
An Envisioned And Efficient Design Of Next Generation Decentralized Iot Bot Detection Model, Ahmed Abdullah Almalki
Doctoral Dissertations
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) are revolutionizing critical infrastructures, but their expansion has also introduced severe cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Traditional IoT Bot Detection Systems (IBDS) struggle to scale in environments characterized by high-dimensional, large-scale, and redundant network traffic. These challenges hinder the development of reliable cloud-based intrusion detection systems. The limitations of static and rulebased methods in detecting evolving IoT botnet attacks—such as those launched by Mirai and Gafgyt—underscore the need for intelligent, adaptive approaches. To address this, the present study proposes a machine learning and deep learning-driven IoT Botnet Detection Model, validated through …
Developing Deep Learning Methods For Cognitive Impairment Detection Based On Non-Invasive Data, Muath Alsuhaibani
Developing Deep Learning Methods For Cognitive Impairment Detection Based On Non-Invasive Data, Muath Alsuhaibani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cognitive impairment detection is on the rise to help reduce the burden of healthcare costs on institutions and individuals. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is an early stage of cognitive decline progressing to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or AD-related Dementia (ADRD). Detecting the early stages of AD/ADRD is crucial for early interventions among older adults to mitigate cognitive decline over time. However, the current diagnostic methods are often costly and/or invasive, such as MRI and PET scans. Thus, the search for non-invasive and cost-effective screening tools for the early detection of cognitive impairment using speech, language, visual, and motor data is growing. …
A Technical And Statistical Analysis Of Unleaded Aviation Fuel (Ul94) Adoption In A High- Volume Collegiate Aviation Environment, Nicholas D. Wilson, Ryan Guthridge, Brandon Wild, Jeremy Roesler, Daniel Kasowski, Nick Geinert, Aaron Terbest, Aaron Fettig, Robert Kraus
A Technical And Statistical Analysis Of Unleaded Aviation Fuel (Ul94) Adoption In A High- Volume Collegiate Aviation Environment, Nicholas D. Wilson, Ryan Guthridge, Brandon Wild, Jeremy Roesler, Daniel Kasowski, Nick Geinert, Aaron Terbest, Aaron Fettig, Robert Kraus
Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering
The University of North Dakota (UND) adopted unleaded aviation fuel (UL94) for approximately a four-month period in the summer and early fall of 2023. The UL94 fuel was used in all reciprocating engine fleets based at the university’s primary training airport, Grand Forks International Airport in North Dakota. During the operational implementation of UL94, the UND flew 46,600 flight hours, consuming 386,778 gallons of fuel across all fleets powered by Lycoming engines. After approximately two months of using UL94, operational reports and maintenance inspections began to indicate potential for exhaust valve seat recession (EVSR), although early indications were limited in …
Calcium-Ion Transport In Gel And Solid Polymer Electrolytes: From Solvent-Solute Interactions To Molecular Simulations For Next-Generation Calcium Batteries, Xinlu Wang
Dissertations - ALL
Multivalent metal-ion batteries, especially calcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺) systems, are attractive alternatives to lithium-ion technologies owing to their high theoretical energy density, improved safety profiles, and abundant natural resources. Nevertheless, the successful commercialization of these technologies is impeded by challenges in electrolyte development, particularly related to cation solvation, ion transport efficiency, and interfacial stability. This dissertation addresses these challenges through comprehensive experimental investigations and molecular dynamics simulations of polymer-based electrolytes designed explicitly for multivalent cation conduction. In the first study, polymer gel electrolytes comprising poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and low dielectric solvents—1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and dimethoxyethane (DME)—with calcium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Ca(TFSI)₂) …
Cost-Effectiveness Model For Reservoir Sediment Management Economics, Connor Ronald Hale
Cost-Effectiveness Model For Reservoir Sediment Management Economics, Connor Ronald Hale
Theses and Dissertations
Reservoir sediment deposition poses a challenge to sustainable water supplies around the world. Sediment management has proven to be an expensive endeavor. Two models have been developed to guide economic analysis for reservoir sediment management, namely the Reservoir Sediment Economics Model (RSEM) and the Reservoir Conservation Model 2 (RESCON 2). While these are helpful tools for benefit-cost prefeasibility studies, they rely heavily on sometimes elusive estimations of the benefits of water supply. In this study, a new method for economic analysis is proposed that foregoes benefit-cost analysis in favor of a cost-effectiveness approach. The Sediment Management Cost-Effectiveness Model ranks sediment …
Research Synthesis Of Predicting Part 135 Accident Probability In Aviation: How The Bayesian Brain Ignores Declining Safety Standards, Jonathan R. Clarke
Research Synthesis Of Predicting Part 135 Accident Probability In Aviation: How The Bayesian Brain Ignores Declining Safety Standards, Jonathan R. Clarke
Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering
Technological innovation has had an enormous effect on safety in aviation. However, in Part 135 operations, where technology is not as ubiquitous, the accident rates have plateaued. Human error is constantly misrepresented as being responsible for 70–80 percent of accidents, when it is clearly only one of several contributing factors. In commercial aviation, all accidents should be considered organizational failures, because by definition all defensive layers have been breached. Organizational failure, as it affects safety, should be identifiable and predictable from organizational behavior. Inevitably, in the aftermath of accidents the warning signs of poor behavior are seemingly obvious, yet there …
Response Of Dynamic Processes With Control Implemented On A Noisy Quantum Computer, Shilpa Narashimhan, Dominic Messina, Henrique Oyama, Helen Durand
Response Of Dynamic Processes With Control Implemented On A Noisy Quantum Computer, Shilpa Narashimhan, Dominic Messina, Henrique Oyama, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
A major challenge to determining the applicability (and potential outperformance over classical computers) of a quantum computer (QC) within chemical manufacturing processes is quantum noise. Computations by a QC are error-prone due to the influence of quantum noise inherent to the hardware. Errors in control inputs may destabilize a chemical process and lead to unsafe conditions for manufacturing personnel and the environment. The response of a process with control implemented on a QC to errors due to noise must be investigated thoroughly. In this work, the impacts of control input errors due to quantum noise on a process are modeled …
Tools To Design Algorithms For Implementing Control Over Quantum Computers, Shilpa Narashimhan, Jihan Abou Halloun, Kip Nieman, Helen Durand
Tools To Design Algorithms For Implementing Control Over Quantum Computers, Shilpa Narashimhan, Jihan Abou Halloun, Kip Nieman, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
Quantum computers (QCs) may find future applications within control systems that operate manufacturing processes. For application within control engineering, quantum algorithm development must be led by control engineers. However, control engineers may face challenges in designing quantum algorithms for control engineering problems. In this work, we provide several path-finding studies that leverage engineering tools such as optimization, encryption, and computational "short-cuts" toward making algorithm design for QC easier for control engineers.
Investigation Of A Stable And Saturated Reference Electrode Using Metal Chlorides And Oxides In Eutectic Licl-Kcl Molten Salts, Carlos Mejia, Devin Rappleye
Investigation Of A Stable And Saturated Reference Electrode Using Metal Chlorides And Oxides In Eutectic Licl-Kcl Molten Salts, Carlos Mejia, Devin Rappleye
Faculty Publications
Stable and reproducible reference electrodes (REs) are essential for electrochemical systems operating in high-temperature molten salts, where consistent control of potential is required. This study uses three different solutes to investigate the development and evaluation of REs in eutectic LiCl-KCl at 773 K. The solutes tested were NiCl2, AgCl, and NiO, each prepared at multiple concentrations to assess stability, reproducibility, and saturation. Electrochemical stability was measured over three days using chronopotentiometry (CP), followed by open circuit potential (OCP), with cyclic voltammetry (CV) also integrated to monitor changes in electrochemical behavior over time. The CP-OCP approach established a Li+/Li redox potential, …
Humanizing Cities As An Approach For Solving Cities' Problems To Be More Livable, Kareem Mahrous Ali
Humanizing Cities As An Approach For Solving Cities' Problems To Be More Livable, Kareem Mahrous Ali
Mansoura Engineering Journal
Most people around the world want to move from the countryside to the cities or from one city to another that provides them with all their human needs for a better life. The dream may come true for them or turn into a nightmare for reasons related to general problems facing most cities in the world, such as the high cost of living and the absence of social justice, these problems cause an increase in poor families, or the issue of refugees and the inability of some cities to welcome them, the energy crisis, and the challenges of climate change …