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Articles 151 - 180 of 260
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Comparative Analysis Of Multiplicative And Additive Noise Based Automated Regularizations In Non-Linear Diffusion Image Reconstruction, Chiza Christophe
Comparative Analysis Of Multiplicative And Additive Noise Based Automated Regularizations In Non-Linear Diffusion Image Reconstruction, Chiza Christophe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Multiplicative and additive noises are often introduced in image signals during the image acquisition process and result into degradation of image features. The work done by Perona and Malik in 1990 and its modified versions revolutionized the way through which noises or speckles are removed. The Perona-Malik model requires tuning of the regularization parameter to control and prevent staircase artifacts in restored images. The current manual tuning is a challenging and time consuming practice when a long queue of images is registered for processing. Attempt to automate the regularization parameter appeared in Perona-Malik model with self-adjusting shape-defining constant. Although both …
Assessment Of The Performance Of Grinding Circuit For Buzwagi Gold Mine, Alphonce Wikedzi
Assessment Of The Performance Of Grinding Circuit For Buzwagi Gold Mine, Alphonce Wikedzi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
It had been reported by the management of Buzwagi Gold Mine (BGM) that grinding circuit was designed to produce final product size of 125 μm, which had not been achieved for a long period of time under both, low to normal (i.e. 450-600 t/h) and high (i.e. > 650 t/h) throughputs. Also, the performance behaviour of the circuit had not been reviewed after long time of operation. Hence, an evaluation study was conducted in order to recommend improvement in mine operations. The study was realized through three circuit survey campaigns and laboratory experimentations. From the surveys, size distributions and solids contents …
Fermentability Of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Hydrolyzates From Aspenwood And Pinewood, Kando Janga
Fermentability Of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Hydrolyzates From Aspenwood And Pinewood, Kando Janga
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The fermentability of hydrolyzates derived from two-stage concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Trembling aspen (Populus tremula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were investigated. Three types of hydrolyzates were produced at mild, moderate and high decrystallization severity conditions. Portions of each of the original hydrolyzates were concentrated by vacuum evaporation to increase the sugar fraction to simulate industrial applications. Both sets of hydrolyzates were fermented anaerobically using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 96581. After 23 hours of fermentation, complete glucose consumption was observed for all the original hydrolyzates, with no signs of inhibition. The ethanol yields from these hydrolyzates ranged from 68% to …
Analysis Of Performance Characteristics Predicted From Several Experimental Data And Conversion Methods For Pumps As Turbine Application Using Statistical Techniques, Ombeni J. Mdee
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Different performance characteristics have been indicated when running centrifugal pumps in the reverse direction. The water flows from the discharge side of the pump to the suction side to run in the reverse direction and generate the mechanical rotational energy for the micro-hydropower plant. The current study evaluates the extent of variation of performance characteristics predicted by several experimental data from different pump-specific speeds and conversion methods. The performance characteristics discussed include the head, flow rate, efficiency and specific speed. The flow rate and head of a pump operating in pump mode divided with the characteristic of the pump operating …
Potential For Increased Rural Electrification Rate In Sub-Saharan Africa Using Swer Power Distribution Networks, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Potential For Increased Rural Electrification Rate In Sub-Saharan Africa Using Swer Power Distribution Networks, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Rural electrification rate (RER) in Africa is still low to date. Several countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have tried to address this problem using conventional single phase two-wire or three-phase three-wire systems, however at large costs due to the nature of dispersed rural load centres, low load demand, and low population density. Another solution of off-grid generation creates associated health problems. Therefore, this paper undertakes a review of a single wire earth return (SWER) network as a RER improvement solution. The paper undertakes intensive literature review to elucidate challenges and solutions to the implementation of SWER technology. Advantages of SWER technology …
Wind Power Integration And Its Impact On Power Quality-A Didactic Approach, Santos Kihwele Dr
Wind Power Integration And Its Impact On Power Quality-A Didactic Approach, Santos Kihwele Dr
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper presents a model of a wind power system integrated with realistic power system, with intention of using it in addressing power quality issues in relations to grid codes during steady-state operation transient-state operation i.e., presence of grid fault events. For that case, a didactic approach of the normal performance of power systems due to the connection of fixed-speed wind turbine with induction generators is used. A study of integrating wind farms will be presented, including the incidence of high inrush current due to switching capacitor banks, out-rush current and voltage sags due to nearby three phase faults. As …
Coal Exploration Using Electrical Resistivity Method In Some Parts Of Benue Trough, Nigeria, Saminu Olatunji, Abdulgafar T. Jimoh
Coal Exploration Using Electrical Resistivity Method In Some Parts Of Benue Trough, Nigeria, Saminu Olatunji, Abdulgafar T. Jimoh
Tanzania Journal of Science
Geoelectrical resistivity sounding technique was used to delineate the occurrence and extents of coal seam. Fifteen points were sounded with Schlumberger configuration in the suspected coal deposit site bounded by longitudes 7.344° E and 7.366° E, and latitudes 7.318° N and 7.33° N. The vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were analyzed and the corresponding geo-electric parameters at various depths were modeled. The earth model within the study area was correlated with available lithology of a nearby mine site. The sounding signatures are KQHK and KHK curve types which revealed five to six distinct geo-electrical equivalent layers. The wet to dry …
Performance Evaluation Of Aspect Dependent-Based Ghost Suppression Methods For Through-The-Wall Radar Imaging, Mugundu Rambika, Abdi T. Abdalla, Baraka J. Maiseli, Alfred J. Mwambela
Performance Evaluation Of Aspect Dependent-Based Ghost Suppression Methods For Through-The-Wall Radar Imaging, Mugundu Rambika, Abdi T. Abdalla, Baraka J. Maiseli, Alfred J. Mwambela
Tanzania Journal of Science
There are many approaches which address multipath ghost challenges in Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging (TWRI) under Compressive Sensing (CS) framework. One of the approaches, which exploits ghosts’ locations in the images, termed as Aspect Dependent (AD), does not require prior knowledge of the reflecting geometry making it superior over multipath exploitation based approaches. However, which method is superior within the AD based category is still unknown. Therefore, their performance comparison becomes inevitable, and hence this paper presents their performance evaluation in view of target reconstruction. At first, the methods were grouped based on how the subarrays were applied: multiple subarray, hybrid …
Performance Analysis Of Renewable Energy Resources In Rural Areas: A Case Study Of Solar Energy, Jackson Justo
Performance Analysis Of Renewable Energy Resources In Rural Areas: A Case Study Of Solar Energy, Jackson Justo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper presents an overview of the recent development trends of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and the performance in the Tanzanian context. The two types of solar power generation that are considered in this paper are: i) solar PV systems and ii) concentrated solar power (CSP). The two are compared in terms of cost of energy and energy storage mechanism. Moreover, the effect of ambient temperature on the solar PV module is analyzed. In addition, a detailed analysis on using solar axis tracking to increase the power generation is also presented. The extent to which the cell surface temperature and …
Modeling And Control Of Solar Pv With Battery Energy Storage For Rural Electrification, Irene Masenge
Modeling And Control Of Solar Pv With Battery Energy Storage For Rural Electrification, Irene Masenge
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
In rural areas where electric power grid network is rarely available, power generation from renewable energy resource such as solar photovoltaic (PV) is mostly accomplished in standalone mode. The standalone solar PV system requires energy storage device to achieve reliable power supply to the end users. This paper presents modelling and coordination control of solar PV with battery energy storage system (BESS) for rural-electrification applications. The proposed control is accomplished via a bidirectional buck-boost converter with the objective of maintaining voltage at the DC bus constant. Simulation results based-on MATLAB/Simulink platform confirms good performance of the proposed system
Multipath Exploitation-Based Indoor Target Localization Model Using Single Marginal Antenna, Joseph Sisala
Multipath Exploitation-Based Indoor Target Localization Model Using Single Marginal Antenna, Joseph Sisala
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Recently, indoor target localization became an area of interest due to its diverse applications. In indoor target localization, surrounding environment creates multipath components, which can be exploited to aid in localization process. A number of studies have been proposed to employ multipath exploitation in localizing indoor targets. However, their localization errors can still be improved. This study proposed a new localization model based on multipath exploitation techniques by using triangulation method. Ultra-wide band signals were resolved and associated using marginal antenna-based scheme. The estimate of the target location was then obtained using measured round-trip time delays. The location was determined …
Integrated Mobile And Web-Based Application For Enhancing Delivery Of Hiv/Aids Healthcare Information In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa
Integrated Mobile And Web-Based Application For Enhancing Delivery Of Hiv/Aids Healthcare Information In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This study aims to develop an integrated e-health platform for enhancing delivery of HIV/AIDS healthcare information in Tanzania, which consists of a mobile application and a web-based system. The study is based on the system's functional and non-functional requirements for an e-health system for delivery of HIV/AIDS healthcare information. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) model was adopted during the system development. The system requirements were modelled into Data Flow Diagram (DFD) in order to obtain the clear flow of the HIV/AIDS healthcare information between the clients and HIV/AIDS healthcare practitioners. With the use of different software development tools and environment …
The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1
The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Worldwide, every day human beings generate millions of tons of Faecal Sludge (FS), which is rich in water, nutrients, energy, and organic compounds. Yet FS is not being managed in a way that permits us to derive value from its reuse, while at the same time, millions of farmers struggle with depleted soils and lack of water. In most of the developing countries, energy for cooking is mainly derived from cutting of trees, either as wood or charcoal. Resource recovery and reuse from FS can create livelihoods, enhance food security, support green economies, reduce waste and contribute to cost recovery …
Blind Algorithm Development For Peak To Average Power Ratio Reduction In Ofdm Systems Under Frequency Selective Channels, Kwame S. Ibwe
Blind Algorithm Development For Peak To Average Power Ratio Reduction In Ofdm Systems Under Frequency Selective Channels, Kwame S. Ibwe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
One major drawback of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is peak to average power ratio (PAPR). This effect causes high power amplifier (HPA) to introduce intermodulation and out of band radiation as the signal goes through, thus degrades the performance of OFDM systems. This paper proposes blind algorithms which takes advantage of signal transformation technique and signal distortion technique. Simulation results show that at complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) level of 10-3, the proposed algorithm achieved 3.2 dB PAPR improvement compared to discrete Fourier transform with interleaved frequency division multiple access (DFT-IFDMA) based algorithm. The bit error rate (BER) …
Target-To-Target Interaction In Through-The-Wall Radars Under Path Loss Compensated Multipath Exploitation-Based Signal Model For Sparse Image Reconstruction, Emmanuel K. Kokumo, Baraka Maiseli, Abdi T. Abdalla
Target-To-Target Interaction In Through-The-Wall Radars Under Path Loss Compensated Multipath Exploitation-Based Signal Model For Sparse Image Reconstruction, Emmanuel K. Kokumo, Baraka Maiseli, Abdi T. Abdalla
Tanzania Journal of Science
Multipath caused by reflections from interior walls of buildings has been a long-standing challenge that affects through-the-wall radar imaging. Multipath creates ghost images that introduce confusion when detecting desired targets. Traditionally, multipath exploitation techniques under the compressive sensing framework have widely been applied to address the challenge. However, the multipath component emanating from target-to-target interactions has not been considered–a consequence that may, under multiple target scenarios, lead to incorrect image interpretation. Besides, far targets experience more attenuation due to free space path loss, hence resulting into target undetectability. This study proposes a signal model, based on multipath exploitation techniques, by …
The Comparative Analysis Of The Performances Of Four And Six Pole Pairs Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator, Ra Msuya
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Wind power applications using multi-poles permanent magnet generators have become very attractive especially in small ratings. Low-speed multi-pole PM generators are maintenance-free and may be used in different climate conditions. Most of the low speed wind turbine generators presented is permanent magnet machines, which have advantages of high efficiency and reliability since there is no need of external excitation and conductor losses are removed from the rotor. From the study two types of PM AC generator are designed with 6 pole pairs and the other one with 4 pole pairs. These generators were designed and analysed using Maxwell software. The …
Linking Quality Management Practices With Performance Of Manufacturing Industries In Tanzania, Mussa Iddi Mgwatu Dr.
Linking Quality Management Practices With Performance Of Manufacturing Industries In Tanzania, Mussa Iddi Mgwatu Dr.
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Local products of manufacturing industries in Tanzania are subjected to intense competition in the markets. Product quality is one of key factors that play a considerable role for manufacturing industries to win the competitive advantage. This paper attempts to analyse the extents of quality management practices (QMP) and manufacturing performance (MP) as well as to examine the linkage between practices and performance. Data was collected from seventy-eight (78) manufacturing industries in Dar es Salaam region using questionnaires comprising of both single-item and multi-item questions. Descriptive statistics was used to quantify the extent of quality management practices and manufacturing performance (MP) …
Research Methodology Adopted In Developing Tansse-L System, Ellen Kalinga
Research Methodology Adopted In Developing Tansse-L System, Ellen Kalinga
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Research methodology is among the very important part in a research work. It is the heart which describe the activities necessary for the completion of the research work. Research methodology provides a plan of investigation considered to obtain answers to research problems and it depends on the context of application. This paper presents the research methodology adopted when developing Tanzania Secondary Schools e-Learning (TanSSe-L) system, a learning management system (LMS) which was successfully developed through customization of Moodle open source LMS. TanSSe-L system is a context centered platform for secondary schools in Tanzania. TanSSe-L system was developed using a number …
Nonlinear Direct Torque Control Of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive, Jackson Justo
Nonlinear Direct Torque Control Of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive, Jackson Justo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper presents a nonlinear direct torque control (NDTC) strategy of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) for electric vehicle (EV) propulsion. The proposed NDTC scheme applies a nonlinear model of IPMSM to dynamically determine the optimal switching states that optimize the EV drivers’ decision to reduce the workload. Moreover, the proposed NDTC method has a simple control structure and can explicitly handle system constraints and nonlinearities. The performance evaluation is conducted via a prototype IPMSM test-bed with a TMS320F28335 DSP. Comparative experimental results provide the evidence of improvements of the proposed NDTC strategy over the conventional DTC strategy by …
Low Voltage Ride Through Enhancement For Wind Turbines Equipped With Dfig Under Symmetrical Grid Faults, Francis Mwasilu
Low Voltage Ride Through Enhancement For Wind Turbines Equipped With Dfig Under Symmetrical Grid Faults, Francis Mwasilu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
In modern power systems with significant penetration of wind-turbines (WTs), improvement of low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of WTs equipped with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) is an important issue. Thus, this paper proposes a low voltage ride through (LVRT) strategy, which comprise of a capacitor connected in series with an inductor both connected in parallel to a resistor. The configuration is then connected to a small series resistor via a pair of antiparallel-Thyristors. The circuit and its switching control scheme of the proposed LVRT circuit are designed to: minimize the transition times, maintain the RSC connection to the rotor-windings, …
Modelling Transport Of Nitrogen Compounds In Geita Wetland Along Mtakuja River, Ezrael Masawe
Modelling Transport Of Nitrogen Compounds In Geita Wetland Along Mtakuja River, Ezrael Masawe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The impacts of excessive nitrogen loading to streams in a watershed occur in the receiving waters such as rivers at the outlet of the watershed. To quantify the impacts of land use and management practices on the nitrogen loading at the watershed outlet, simulation models are needed that can both predict the nitrogen loading at the edge of individual fields and predict the fate of nitrogen as it moves through the river network to the watershed outlet. This paper presents the results of a model analysis for describing the processes governing transformations and transport of nitrogen compounds (NO3-N and NH4-N) …
The Fate Of Nitrogen And Faecal Coliform In The Lubigi Wetland In Uganda, Aloyce Mayo
The Fate Of Nitrogen And Faecal Coliform In The Lubigi Wetland In Uganda, Aloyce Mayo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The capacity of the Lubigi wetland to reduce nitrogen and faecal coliform pollution entering Lake Kyoga in Uganda was investigated. Three transects with 5 sampling points in each, were established in the wetland. Wetland plants samples were collected from the specific locations along the transects, and laboratory tests and analyses were carried out for plants biomass and nitrogen contents determination. Samples of wetland sediments were also collected, and laboratory tests and analyses were done for determination of nitrogen content in the sediments. Wetland water samples were taken from the main wetland inlet and the main outlet from the wetland main …
The Power Of Coefficients And Methods Of Coding In Delimiting Species Using Phenetic Approach: The Case Of African Solanum Section Solanum Sensu Edmonds, Mkabwa Lk Manoko
The Power Of Coefficients And Methods Of Coding In Delimiting Species Using Phenetic Approach: The Case Of African Solanum Section Solanum Sensu Edmonds, Mkabwa Lk Manoko
Tanzania Journal of Science
Phenetics is one of approaches used to delimit species in plant classification. Conclusion in phenetics is based on overall similarity often of morphological data. The approach uses coded data that are analyzed using coefficients to create similarity matrices that are analyzed using clustering analysis to create the classification. Exists different similarity coefficients and coding methods though in practice are used intuitively sometimes giving results that have been challenged. Though similarity coefficients and coding methods have some times been blamed, studies to analyze their influences are limited. The trend however is to avoid morphological data in favor of DNA markers. The …
Total Electron Content Derived From Global Positioning System During Solar Maximum Of 2012-2013 Over The Eastern Part Of The African Sector, Emmanuel D Sulungu, Christian Bs Uiso, Patrick Sibanda
Total Electron Content Derived From Global Positioning System During Solar Maximum Of 2012-2013 Over The Eastern Part Of The African Sector, Emmanuel D Sulungu, Christian Bs Uiso, Patrick Sibanda
Tanzania Journal of Science
This work presents results of diurnal, seasonal and latitudinal variations of vertical Total Electron Content (TECv) derived from GPS receivers at four locations, [Dodoma (6.19oS, 35.75oE), Mzuzu (11.43oS, 34.01oE), Zomba (15.38oS, 35.33oE) and Tete (16.15oS, 33.58oE)] during the solar maximum period of 2012 – 2013. The receivers are located directly below the EIA and at approximately the same longitude, ~ (33 – 3 oE) within the eastern part of the African sector. Diurnal and latitudinal variations of TECv are presented for an average of the five (5) quietest days of each of the four seasons: March equinox, June solstice, September …
Through-The-Wall Radar Imaging With Compressive Sensing; Theory, Practice And Future Trends-A Review, Abdi Abdalla
Through-The-Wall Radar Imaging With Compressive Sensing; Theory, Practice And Future Trends-A Review, Abdi Abdalla
Tanzania Journal of Science
Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging (TWRI) is anemerging technology which enables us to detect behind the wall targets using electromagnetic signals. TWRI has received considerable attention recently due to its diverse applications. This paper presents fundamentals, mathematical foundations and emerging applications of TWRI with special emphasis on Compressive Sensing (CS) and sparse image reconstruction.Multipath propagation stemming from the surrounding walls and nearby targets are among the impinging challenges.Multipath components produce replicas of the genuine target, ghosts, during image reconstruction which may significantly increase the probability of false alarm. The resulting ghost not only creates confusion with genuine targets but may deteriorate the …
Design And Manufacture Of A Waste Compactor Prototype: A Step Towards Implementing A Non-Burn Health Care Waste Disposal In Developing Countries, Tito Mwinuka
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Non-burn technology is the only safe way of handling and disposing infectious healthcare waste. It involves steam treatment of infectious waste at temperatures higher than 121 o C for a minimum of 30 minutes before disposing them just like other municipal waste. Infectious healthcare waste is normally only about 10 25% of all healthcare waste. In this paper, design, manufacturing and testing of a waste compactor for reducing waste volume to facilitate its handling is discussed. Preliminary tests show that the waste volume can be reduced to less than 10% of its original volume using the developed compactor. Waste compactors …
Kicm: A Knowledge-Intensive Context Model, Fredrick Mtenzi, Denis Lupiana
Kicm: A Knowledge-Intensive Context Model, Fredrick Mtenzi, Denis Lupiana
Conference papers
A context model plays a significant role in developing context-aware architectures and consequently on realizing context-awareness, which is important in today's dynamic computing environments. These architectures monitor and analyse their environments to enable context-aware applications to effortlessly and appropriately respond to users' computing needs. These applications make the use of computing devices intuitive and less intrusive. A context model is an abstract and simplified representation of the real world, where the users and their computing devices interact. It is through a context model that knowledge about the real world can be represented in and reasoned by a context-aware architecture. This …
Comparison Of Accuracies In Techniques For Evaluating Wind Power Density, Reuben Kainkwa, John Kumwenda
Comparison Of Accuracies In Techniques For Evaluating Wind Power Density, Reuben Kainkwa, John Kumwenda
Tanzania Journal of Science
Wind power is among important renewable sources of energy. In order to know the magnitude of wind power, appropriate techniques for evaluating it need to be investigated. Apart from the standard formula that can be used to evaluate wind power density at a site there are two more techniques namely power law exponent and Weibull two-parameter density function. However the accuracy of the latter two methods relative to the standard one has not yet been investigated. The main objective of this paper is to compare accuracies of these techniques. The wind power densities were calculated using standard formula, Weibull model …
Loss Modeling Of A Permanent Magnet Dc Motor Drive Water Pumping System, Nelson Lujara
Loss Modeling Of A Permanent Magnet Dc Motor Drive Water Pumping System, Nelson Lujara
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The paper presents an analytical approach to the determination of losses in each of the sub-systems of the Photovoltaic (PV) Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC) drive water pumping system with and without maximum power tracking. The losses of the system at varying heads are firstly, determined using parameters from the data sheets and then validated by experimental results. The results are used to establish the head and the flow rate optimal operating point of the system.
Analysis Of Power Efficiency Of A Direct-Driven Locally Fabricated Permanent Magnet Ac Generator For Small-Scale Wind Power Applications In Tanzania, Mussa Iddi Mgwatu Dr.
Analysis Of Power Efficiency Of A Direct-Driven Locally Fabricated Permanent Magnet Ac Generator For Small-Scale Wind Power Applications In Tanzania, Mussa Iddi Mgwatu Dr.
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The use of direct-driven permanent magnet alternating current (AC) generators offers the opportunity to reduced costs and increased system efficiency. This type of generator could be the best alternative for rural population whom are not connected to the national grid. To improve the design and efficiency of locally fabricated generators, it is imperative to characterize both their mechanical and electrical parameters. This paper presents the analysis of power efficiency of the synchronous permanent AC generator locally fabricated in Tanzania. In this case, load resistance and rotational speed are characterized using designed experiment. The output current and voltage of the generator …