Digital Commons Network^™

Signal Processing Techniques For Analysis Of Heart Sounds And Electrocardiograms, Alan D. Bernstein

Dissertations

Audible heart sounds represent less than 5% of the vibrational energy associated with the cardiac cycle. In this study, experiments have been conducted to explore the feasibility of examining cardiac vibration by means of a single display encompassing the entire bandwidth of the oscillations and relating components at different frequencies. Zero-phase-shift digital filtering is shown to be required in producing such displays, which extend from a recognizable phonocardiogram at one frequency extreme to a recognizable apexcardiogram at the other. Certain features in mid-systole and early diastole, observed by means of this technique, appear not to have been previously described.

Frequency …

Synthesis Of Multiarea Grid Power Systems, Bharat C. Patel

Dissertations

This dissertation presents improved development in the formation of a generalized transmission loss (B)-matrix for a multiarea grid power system. In the procedure, the individual tie powers of each area are replaced by the net interchange, sneak and circulating powers. The latter two variables are directly eliminated in the power reference frame using actual impedances, unlike current methods that require the elimination of sneak and circulating currents, the formation of complex tie current model and the complex tie power model. Consequently, manipulation of large complex current, power and impedance matrices is avoided reducing both computer time and memory requirement. Further, …

A New Mathematical Model For Nephron Macromolecular Selectivity, John Anthony Domiter

Theses

A mathematical model describing the displayed selectivity of the kidney nephron to macromolecules of varying particle size is presented. Diffusion and electrical forces are considered to be the sole mechanisms of transfer. The mass transfer principles responsible for selectivity are considered to occur within the capillary structure, and not within the membrane wall. A charge is assumed to be characteristic of the macromolecule and the membrane wall. Models describing both charged and uncharged solutes are developed.

A non-linear least squares technique, developed by Marquardt, is used to curve fit the derived functions to data relating fractional clearances of dextran and …

Spectral Signature Studies For Application In Deer Census Using Remote Sensing Techniques, Maran C. Pate

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was performed to determine the spectral signatures of deer and their natural background elements for censusing purposes. Consideration was given to atmospheric transmittance, acceptable flying weather, and terrain. Possible spectral bands between 0.3 and 14.0 μm were obtained (over a pathlength of 1500 feet at an altitude of 5000 feet) based upon atmospheric transmittance using the LOWTRAN 3B computer program. They are: 0.30 - 1.33, 1.49 - 1.79, 2.00 - 2.50, 3.00 - 3.16, 3.38 - 4.10, 4.59 - 5.05, and 8.00 - 13.33 μm, for transmittance greater than 75%. Weather conditions are favorable for flying and taking …

Classical Modeling Of A Phosphate Molecule (Including 3-D Computer Graphics Display), Ronald A. Tafoya

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

An investigation is made of the classical force terms necessary to model adequately the structure and interatomic forces of the phosphate molecule. The two principal considerations chosen for use in judging the performance of models were:

1. Agreement with empirical spectral data on normal mode vibrational frequencies

2. Agreement with other known physical characteristics of the phosphate molecule

The performance of all models was good. Agreement with normal mode frequencies and phosphorus-oxygen bond lengths ranged from an RMS error of 5.4% in Model one to an RMS error of 1.5% in Model Five. An examination was made of six different …

Radio Frequency Sputtering Deposition And Characterization Of Thin Ferroelectric Titanate Film On Silicon Substrates, Cheng-Cheng Hu

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

This work was done to achieve two goals: (1) To investigate and document the optimum deposition conditions for thin ferroelectric BaTi03 film on doped silicon substrates by r.f. sputtering; (2) to characterize the electrical properties of the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure with BaTi03 as insulator and the memory characteristics involved.

Scalar‐Wave Approach For Single‐Mode Inhomogeneous Fiber Problems, Lee W. Casperson, Cavour W. Yeh, W. P. Brown

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

It has generally been accepted that accurate results may be obtained using the scalar‐wave approach to solve problems dealing with inhomogeneous multimode guided‐wave structures. The problem of the applicability of the scalar‐wave approach to obtain wave propagation characteristics in single‐mode fiber or integrated optical circuit guides with inhomogeneous index profiles is examined in this paper. It is shown that if certain limiting conditions are satisfied, the scalar‐wave approach will yield valid results for single‐mode structures. These limiting conditions are usually satisfied by many practical single‐mode inhomogeneous fibers or IOC structures.

Transformation Of Fresnel’S Interface Reflection And Transmission Coefficients Between Normal And Oblique Incidence, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

If w denotes an interface Fresnel reflection or transmission coefficient for s- or p-polarized light at an oblique angle of incidence ø, and z denotes the same coefficient at normal incidence, we find that w is an analytic function of z, w = ƒ(z), that depends on ø but not on the specific optical properties of the two media on both sides of the interface. All four functions that correspond to the four distinct Fresnel coefficients and their inverses are determined. We single out for detailed examination, as an example, the relationship between the reflection of s -polarized light at …

The University, Electrical Engineering And Space Travel, Doran Baker

Faculty Honor Lectures

In this paper, my purpose is three-fold: First, to tell some of the story of the development of the Engineering College at Utah State University; second, to present selected concepts and applications in the evolution of electrical engineering; third, to relate these concepts and developments to our space venture and to the twenty-first century_ My perspective is that of a school teacher, engineer, scientist and historian; superimposed upon this is my imbedment in the system as an administrator of teachers and researchers. I intend to strike a balance between generality and depth, between technology and philosophy, and between perception and …

Reflection Of An Electromagnetic Plane Wave With 0 Or Π Phase Shift At The Surface Of An Absorbing Medium, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

An electromagnetic plane wave incident obliquely from a transparent medium onto the surface of an absorbing medium can be reflected with 0 or π phase shift if (i) the wave is p (TM) polarized, and (ii) the complex relative dielectric function ε is such that 0 ≤|ε| ²/2Re(ε) ≤ 1. Furthermore, the locus of ε such that the reflection coefficient for the p polarization is real at the same angle of incidence, is a circle, and that of ε^½ (the complex relative refractive index) is Bernoulli’s lemniscate.

Scattering Of Focused Beams By Tenuous Particles, S. Colak, Cavour W. Yeh, Lee W. Casperson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper deals with the problem of the scattering of focused laser beams by tenuous particles using an iterative technique. The results are shown to be accurate provided that (a) the polarizability of the particle medium is small and (b) the phase shift of the central ray is less than 2. It was found that when the size of the incident beam waist is close to that of the scatterer, the scattered field deviates significantly from that for the incident plane wave case. Specific examples are given.

An Adaptive Intraframe Dpcm Codec Based Upon Nonstationary Image Model, N. F. Maxemchuk, J. A. Stuller

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Paper Introduces a Nonstationary Model for Images and Develops an Adaptive Intrafield Dpcm Codec based Upon the Model. the Codec Attempts to Minimize the Mean‐square Coding Error at Each Sample Point in the Picture. the Quantizer in the Resulting Adaptive Codec is Found to Be Similar to that Previously Obtained from Visual Masking Considerations. Comparative Simulation Results using 256 X 256 Pixel Rasters Are Given for Two‐ and Three‐bit/pixel Versions of the Adaptive Codec, the Three‐bit/pixel Graham Codec, and Three‐bit/pixel Previous Element Dpcm. © 1979 the Bell System Technical Journal

Stable Equilibrium Statistical States For Spheromaks, George Vahala, Linda L. Vahala

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Incompressible nondissipative magnetohydrodynamic turbulence is treated for spherical systems. From the absolute equilibrium expectation values of the fields one can investigate those initially quiescent states for which no large mean square velocity will develop. This stable state is force-free and gives rise to the Hill vortex structure for the magnetic flux surfaces.

Real-Time Estimation Of Aerodynamic Coefficients By Means Of An Extended Kalman Filter, James Robert Kelsey

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

A technique for estimation of the aerodynamic parameters of a flight vehicle from onboard measurements is presented.

An extended Kalman filter is used to extract the parameters in the presence of measurement noise and initial uncertainty of the parameter values. Computer generated data were used for the measurement information in lieu of actual flight data.

Several state models of varying complexity are studied in an attempt to find a model which yields adequate estimates while minimizing the required computation time.

Principal Angle, Principal Azimuth, And Principal-Angle Ellipsometry Of Film-Substrate Systems, R. M.A. Azzam, A.-R. M. Zaghloul

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

When the film thickness is considered as a parameter, a system composed of a transparent film on an absorbing substrate (in a transparent ambient) is characterized by a range of principal angle ø¯_min ≤ ø¯ ≤ ø¯_max over which the associated principal azimuth ψ¯ varies between 0° and 90° (i.e., 0° ≤ ψ¯ ≤ 90°) and the reflection phase difference Δ assumes either one of the two values: +π/2 or −π/2. We determine the principal angle ø¯(d) and principal azimuth ψ¯(d) as functions of film thickness d for the vacuum-SiO₂-Si system at …

Propagation Of Partially Polarized Light Through Anisotropic Media With Or Without Depolarization: A Differential 4 × 4 Matrix Calculus, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

We extend the scope of the Mueller calculus to parallel that established by Jones for his calculus. We find that the Stokes vector S of a light beam that propagates through a linear depolarizing anisotropic medium obeys the first-order linear differential equation dS/dz = mS, where z is the distance traveled along the direction of propagation and m is a 4 × 4 real matrix that summarizes the optical properties of the medium which influence the Stokes vector. We determine the differential matrix m for eight basic types of optical behavior, find its form for the most general anisotropic nondepolarizing …

Consequences Of Light Reflection At The Interface Between Two Transparent Media Such That The Angle Of Refraction Is 45°, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The reflection of light at the interface between two transparent, homogeneous and optically isotropic media such that the angle of refraction is 45° has the following interesting consequences: (i) the interface relfectivity for the parallel (p) polarization is the square of that for the perpendicular (s) polarization; (ii) the angular deviation of the propagation direction upon refraction is equal to the polarization (or ellipsometric) angle ψ and (iii) the complex reflection coefficient for the ppolarization is stationary, in both magnitude and phase, with respect to small charges of the (refractive and/or absorptive) optical properties of …

Direct Energy Conversions Of Solar Energy, A. A. Rahman

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In this paper, the design concepts of three direct energy converters were explained. The converters selected were thermoelectric, thermionic and magnetohydrodynamic converters. Discussions and analysis of the material limitations of these converters with possible improvements to make these devices suitable for domestic or public use was also explained.

Commercially Available Vacuum Tube Solar Collectors, Stanley J. Ring

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Efficiencies on the order of 50 percent with high differential temperature (150° C) have been advertised with the current distribution of commercially available evacuated tube collectors. Product specifications and, where possible, experimental data have been gathered and presented. The paper also develops a mathematical model for evaluation of these collectors. Results conclude that, although performance is high, collector expense limits the cost effectiveness to necessary high-temperature, high-volume applications. These include both residential cooling and industrial processing.

Energy Evaluation And Component Characterization Data In A Residential Solar Monitoring Program, Gene E. Kouba, William P. Moran, Bruce V. Ketcham

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The initial phase of performance analysis, data acquisition system development and short term component characterization of a two year residential solar energy monitoring program are presented. The purpose of the monitoring program is to accumulate both short and long term performance data which would be useful in optimizing system operation, determining possible improvements to the system configuration, validating simulation methods for predicting performance, and estimating the economics of the system.

Long Term Stability Of Linearized Thermistor Circuits, Gene E. Kouba

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The long term accuracy and stability of linearized thermistor circuits used for temperature measurements in a solar home monitoring project are being evaluated by periodic calibration.

Maxwellian Concepts Of Magnetro-Electrodynamics And The Reality Of Med Energy Producing Devices, Tom Day

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

"We can scarcely avoid the inference that light consists in the transverse undulations of the same medium which is the cause of electric and magnetic phenomena."

On The Thermodynamics Of Direct Energy Conversions, A. A. Rahman

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In this work, a generalized thermodynamic analysis was developed for direct energy converters that operate as heat engines. Examples for various converters as thermoelectric, MHD and Nernst generators were solved. The possibilities of utilizing these concepts on designing generators to convert heat or solar energy directly into electricity were also discussed.

Toward A Methodology For Evaluation Of Solar Systems, William P. Moran, Gene E. Kouba, Bruce V. Ketcham

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The shortcomings and inconsistences of the typical return-on-capital evaluation are detailed. Generalizations of evaluation objectives and performance measures and data gathering objectives are given.

The Solar Connection -- Promise Or Peril?, Paul S. Strong

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

During the past decade important progress has been made in understanding the sun-earth environmental system. Modern observations of solar activity document changes in solar output over time scales ranging from seconds to decades, and evidence for longer term variations have been found in historical records. It follows that the sun cannot be considered to be a totally non-variable energy source. Continued research progress into solar-terrestrial interactions will hopefully provide an understanding of sun-weather/climate relationships resulting in energy conservation through more efficient energy utilization of our planet's atmospheric energy system.

An Analysis Of Investments In Residential Energy Conservation In Southeast Missouri, Ralph Gunderson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This study examines the economic feasibility of residential solar heating. Climatic and economic variables used in this report represent those of Cape Girardeau, Missouri. An annual cost model is used to determine the conditions under which solar heating achieves a reduced annual cost of heating relative to gas and electric heating systems.

Principles Of Design Of A Solar Heated House, Alex Stefanovic, Chaman Kashkari

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper explains the principles of design of a solar heating system for a house in Akron, Ohio area. The house is a standard one family, two story house, such as Ryan Home's Brockington model. It has, approximately, 2,000 square feet of living area, a full basement, and an attached two car garage. The solar heating system is designed to provide as much of the heating needs as is economically feasible.

An Analysis Of Solar Heating Costs In Arkansas Broiler Houses, Ralph Gunderson, J. Martin Redfern

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This study is based on the computer simulation model of a solar heated broiler house in four locations in Arkansas. This simulation model estimated the annual energy savings in each broiler house due to the installation of a solar heating system. This paper uses present value analysis to estimate the life cycle costs of heating conventional and solar heated broiler houses in the state of Arkansas. From these calculations, the number of years required to achieve a break-even cost of heating is estimated.

The Measurement Of Depolarized Radiation For Monitoring The Mass Concentration Of Particulates, Bruce E. Wilson

Theses

The depolarization of backscattered polarized incident radiation which is expressed as a depolarization ratio was investigated as a means of monitoring the mass concentration of particles in stacks from coal-fired burners. This involved the design of an instrument that would detect small levels of radiation. Two methods were investigated. The first utilized a Gallium Arsenide laser and a silicon detector diode; the second was composed of a xenon flash lamp and a photomultiplier detector tube.

The relationship between the depolarization ratio and the mass concentration of diamond particles in the 0.01 gm/m³ to 0.5 gm/m³ was determined. Diamond …

Relativistic Electronic Structure Of Pbs And Pbse Molecules, Cary Y. Yang, Sohrab Rabii

Electrical and Computer Engineering

The electronic orbitals of PbS and PbSe are calculated using a scattered‐wave technique for the solution of the one‐electron Dirac equation for a polyatomic muffin‐tin potential. The resulting orbital transition energies are in good agreement with experimental absorption and emission data.