Digital Commons Network^™

Embedding Direction Of Arrival And Antenna Beamforming Algorithms On Automated Software Defined Radio Platforms, Adrian J. Lewis

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Antenna arrays are an essential technology in the modern era in both communications and radar applications. The algorithms used for antenna arrays are beginning to be embedded in smart device applications to enable greater communication abilities. This thesis explores the idea of embedding direction of arrival and beamforming algorithms using a software defined radio platform. Specifically, the Multiple Signal Classification (MuSiC) algorithm and Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) algorithm are combined. The combination of similar algorithms has the potential to be used in many internet of things applications to enable more dynamic communication ability.

Adaptive Screen Capture Video Analysis, Ugesh Egala

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

This thesis presents a system for analyzing student activities during class sessions to gain insights into the learning process. A dataset consisting of 14 screen recordings, with 2 videos labeled across two stages, was used for training, validation, and testing. The methodology employs adaptive sampling, initially at 10 frames per minute to identify active regions, followed by detailed analysis at 1 frame per second using OCR to detect typing activities through character changes. The results demonstrate over a 50% reduction in computational load while maintaining high accuracy in detecting student engagement. A total of 26 hours of screen capture videos …

Bio-Inspired Robotic Framework For Spatiotemporal Analyses In Environmental Monitoring Applications, Maliha Kabir

Electrical Engineering Theses

Frequent fluctuations in the environment's temperature and climate significantly impact our crop fields. Floods and droughts occur in different places in different seasons, which is very unusual and affects the crops' health and productivity. During these calamities, they are also not able to monitor their crop fields. However, if it is possible by providing farmers with information about their fields' conditions like temperature, pressure, and soil moisture, we can help them assess environmental conditions for specific areas. This data can also aid farmers in determining the appropriate amounts of fertilizers and pesticides to apply to their crops and which crops …

Experimental Validation Of An Analytical Transient Model For Saturated Boosting Gain In Dc–Dc Converters With Variable Duty Cycle, Goliana Samir, Simon Ezzat, Wagdy Anis, Sameh O. Abdellatif

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Pulsed Secondary Electron Yield Measurements Of Metallic And Dielectric Materials Of Interest For High Power Vacuum Electron Devices, Bilal Ahmed Malik

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Secondary electron emission (SEE) from conductors is thought to play an important role in the initiation of Multipactor breakdown in vacuum electron devices. The SEE of dielectric materials plays a crucial role in numerous scientific and technological applications, including particle accelerators, spacecraft charging, and plasma diagnostics. Additionally, the SEE of an insulator may depend on its electrical stress history. In both cases, SEE strongly depends on any conditioning of the material surface. We present measurements on both conducting and insulating materials of interest in these applications. Measurements are being made in an existing test stand, recently modified to enable measurements …

Fundamental Limits In Measuring The Anisotropic Rotational Diffusion Of Single Molecules, Weiyan Zhou, Tingting Wu, Matthew D. Lew

Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations

Many biophysical techniques, such as single-molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, Förster resonance energy transfer, and fluorescence anisotropy, measure the translation and rotation of biomolecules to quantify molecular processes at the nanoscale. These methods often simplify data analysis by assuming isotropic rotational diffusion, e.g., that molecules wobble within a circular cone. This simplification ignores the anisotropy present in many biological contexts that may cause molecules to exhibit different degrees of diffusion in different directions. Here, we loosen this assumption and establish a theoretical framework for describing and measuring anisotropic rotational diffusion using fluorescence imaging. We show that anisotropic wobble is directly quantified …

Segmentation And Classification Of Left Ventricular Abnormalities In Cardiac Mri Using Initial Point Prediction Based Deformable Model, Md. Asadur Rahman, Md. Al Noman, A. B. M. Aowlad Hossain

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

The shape of the left ventricle (LV) of a cardiac magnetic resonance image (CMRI) helps physicians to diagnose different cardiac abnormalities. The similarity of pixel intensity and shape of LV with neighbor tissues, the imprecision of boundaries, and the presence of noise are the challenges to accurate segmentation of LV. This paper contributes to the successful implementation of an automatic edge contouring method to segment LV area from CMRI and detect whether the ventricle belongs to abnormalities. This method proposes the regression-based artificial neural network to predict the possible initial position of the deformable edge-based active contour model for precise …

Heat And Mass Transfer Characteristics During Vacuum Drying Of Wood, Mohamed Salah Elmetwaly, Lotfy Hassan Rabie Saker, Mohamed Sameh Salem

Journal of Engineering Research

The properties affecting the characteristics of heat and mass transfer during vacuum drying of wood are studied in this paper. The experimental work is carried out in 0.0365 m³ test rig vacuum dryer. The drying chamber dimensions are 0.5 m long and 0.305 m diameter carbon steel cylinder. This drying chamber is internally coated with epoxy paint, also this chamber is detachable closing caps at both ends meaning welded at one end and bolted at the other end to facilitate loading and unloading of the specimen. Two stainless steel heat exchanger plates with dimensions 0.3 m length, 0.15 m …

Multi-Classification Model For Brain Tumor Early Prediction Based On Deep Learning Techniques, Abdelrahman T. Elgohr, Mohamed S. Elhadidy, Mahmoud Elazab Dr, Raneem Ahmed Hegazii, Moataz M. El Sherbiny

Journal of Engineering Research

Brain tumor early prediction is a critical task in medical imaging, as early detection and classification of tumors can significantly improve patient outcomes and treatment planning. In this study, we propose multi-classification models based on deep learning techniques for early prediction of brain tumors using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Specifically, we investigate the effectiveness of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) in the You Only Look Once (YOLO) approach for an accurate classification of brain tumors into multiple classes based on their morphological characteristics. The proposed model is designed to extract spatial features from MRI images, capturing local patterns and structures …

Investigation Of Various Mimo Antenna For 5g Mobile Phone Applications, Rajesh Kumar D

Theses and Dissertations

The rapid progress of wireless communication systems has been driven by the persistent demand for higher data rates, improved connectivity, and seamless user experiences. The introduction of fifth-generation (5G) wireless technology introduces fresh challenges and possibilities within the domain of antenna design, particularly concerning Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems operating in the sub-6 GHz frequency range. This thesis conducts a comprehensive exploration and conceptualization of MIMO antennas expressly crafted for smooth integration into mobile phones, with a particular emphasis on addressing the distinctive requisites of sub-6 GHz 5G communication.

The proposed antenna designs effectively harnesses the advantages inherent in multiple-input multiple-output …

Deep Learning For Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Coordination In Air Corridors, Liangkun Yu

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

In the future, city skies will be filled with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for rapid urban transport, including parcel deliveries and air taxis. NASA's Urban Air Mobility (UAM) envisions UAVs navigating air corridors. These virtual pathways ensure safety and compliance with regulations. However, current research on UAM practical applications is limited. This dissertation focuses on designing air corridors, developing UAV control systems, and ensuring the robustness of control algorithms against disturbances in real-world environments.

Our design features an air corridor system with horizontal lanes and on-off ramps, conceptualized as cylindrical spaces and tori, respectively. To enable each UAV to locally …

Design And Implementation Of Truly Random Number Generation Using Memristors For In-Memory Computing, Nick Felker

Theses and Dissertations

This paper proposes a new security module based on non-volatile memory. The module uses a memristor-based true random number generator to generate random numbers which can be used for cryptography. The module is implemented in software using a modified RISC-V instruction set architecture. The paper evaluates the performance of the module using the RISC-V simulator Gem5. The results show that the module can generate random numbers at a rate of 63 microseconds per number, which is faster than the standard C library’s random number generator. The module can also be used to scramble strings of characters and generate hashes of …

Auxiliary Diagnosis Of Dental Calculus Based On Deep Learning And Image Enhancement By Bitewing Radiographs, Tai Jung Lin, Yen Ting Lin, Yuan Jin Lin, Ai Yun Tseng, Chien Yu Lin, Li Ting Lo, Tsung Yi Chen, Shih Lun Chen, Chiung An Chen, Kuo Chen Li, Patricia Angela R. Abu

Ateneo Laboratory for Intelligent Visual Environments

In the field of dentistry, the presence of dental calculus is a commonly encountered issue. If not addressed promptly, it has the potential to lead to gum inflammation and eventual tooth loss. Bitewing (BW) images play a crucial role by providing a comprehensive visual representation of the tooth structure, allowing dentists to examine hard-to-reach areas with precision during clinical assessments. This visual aid significantly aids in the early detection of calculus, facilitating timely interventions and improving overall outcomes for patients. This study introduces a system designed for the detection of dental calculus in BW images, leveraging the power of YOLOv8 …

React: Recognize Every Action Everywhere All At Once, Naga Venkata Sai Raviteja Chappa, Pha Nguyen, Page Daniel Dobbs, Khoa Luu

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the realm of computer vision, Group Activity Recognition (GAR) plays a vital role, finding applications in sports video analysis, surveillance, and social scene understanding. This paper introduces Recognize Every Action Everywhere All At Once (REACT), a novel architecture designed to model complex contextual relationships within videos. REACT leverages advanced transformer-based models for encoding intricate contextual relationships, enhancing understanding of group dynamics. Integrated Vision-Language Encoding facilitates efficient capture of spatiotemporal interactions and multi-modal information, enabling comprehensive scene understanding. The model’s precise action localization refines joint understanding of text and video data, enabling precise bounding box retrieval and …

Balloon Borne Gps-Enabled Radiosondes That Enable Simultaneous Multi-Point Atmospheric Sensing With A Single Ground Station, Peter A. Ribbens

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Radiosondes are balloon borne atmospheric instruments that are a critical tool for understanding dynamics in the lower layers of the atmosphere. The low-cost radiosondes developed in the Space and Atmospheric Instrumentation Lab have been further developed to improve the system's use as a science-quality atmospheric instrument that is unique in its ability to simultaneously track multiple sondes with a single ground station. Sensors to measure temperature and pressure were added to improve measurements of the atmospheric state. A printed circuit board shield and 3D-printed shell were designed to make mass manufacturing possible. A thermistor-based temperature sensor was developed and tested …

Multisensory System For Probing Scattering Media, Muralidhar Madabhushi Balaji

Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

There are numerous problems in the physical sciences wherein the scattering of light fundamentally limits our ability to perceive and reason about objects within the visual field. Examples include navigation in foggy weather, detecting hidden contraband/explosives, detecting diseased regions in agricultural produce, and detecting tumors within tissue. In all these scenarios, the scrambling of light paths due to scattering reduces the ability to locate embedded objects and identify their spatial or spectral features.

Existing approaches address the challenge by augmenting optical sensing modalities with complementary techniques that do not rely on optical phenomenology, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or …

Increasing Optical Channel Capacity By Integrating Pam4 Modulation With Wavelength Division Multiplexing And Spatial Domain Multiplexing, Swaroopini Harish

Theses and Dissertations

Spatial division multiplexing (SDM) is a technique used in telecommunications and networking to increase data transmission capacity over optical fiber communication channels. This multiplexing technique spatially reuses optical frequencies by allocating different spatial locations for inputs based on their inject angles. The signals travel in a helical pattern within the carrier fiber and exit as concentric rings. SDM enables more efficient utilization of available bandwidth and improved communication performance. In four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4), each symbol represents a combination of four possible signal levels instead of the two levels in binary modulation. The four levels are denoted in different …

Parallel Communications In Single-Core Optical Fibers Utilizing Spatial Domain Multiplexing And Wavelength Division Multiplexing, Mingxuan Tu

Theses and Dissertations

This endeavor proposes a hybrid parallel optical communication architecture in single-core fibers combining WDM in O-band (1270 nm, 1310 nm, 1310 nm, and 1330 nm) and two-channel SDM. The proposed architecture applies carefully designed delays in each propagating channel to achieve synchronization and, therefore, realizes parallel transmission in single-core fibers without the help of Serializer/De-serializers (SerDes). A mathematical model of SDM, calculations on delays between each optical channel, simulation of the hybrid architecture, experimental setup, and the testing and analysis of channel performance have been provided. A design of a photonic integrated circuit based on thin film lithium niobate electro-optic …

Design And Development Of A Direct Medium Voltage Solar Pv Resonant Inverter, Parthkumar Sureshkumar Bhuvela

Theses and Dissertations

In a grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) system connected to a medium voltage (MV) grid, an inverter is generally employed with a line frequency transformer (LFT) to connect to the grid. These LFTs are large in size and weight, exhibit high cost and losses. In recent studies, the LFTs replaced by are by (high frequency transformer) HFT embedded in DC-DC converters. These DC-DC converters are used to boost voltage levels and DC-AC inverters are employed for MV inversion. This leads to high frequency switching at MV which increases losses in inversion stage. In this study, a novel MV grid-connected solar PV inverter …

Predicting Iot Distributed Ledger Fraud Transactions With A Lightweight Gan Network, Charles Rawlins, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Decision-making and consensus in traditional blockchain protocols is formulated as a repeated Bernoulli trial that solves a computationally intense lottery puzzle, called Proof-of-Work (PoW) in Bitcoin. This approach has shown robustness through practice but does not scale with increasing network size and generation of new transactions. Resource constrained Internet of Things (IoT) networks are incompatible with full computation of schemes like Bitcoin's PoW. Our effort proposes a first step towards an alternative consensus using machine learning-based decision-making with prediction of fraud transactions to alleviate need for intense computation. To improve base approval probabilities for fraud detection in an ideal security …

Battery Management System Development For Electric Vehicles And Fast Charging Infrastructure Improvement, Yu Yang, Hen-Geul Yeh, Cesar Ortiz

Mineta Transportation Institute

The electric vehicle (EV) has become increasingly popular due to its being zero-emission. However, a significant challenge faced by EV drivers is the range anxiety associated with battery usage. Addressing this concern, this project develops a more efficient battery management system (BMS) for electric vehicles based on a real-time, state-of-charge (SOC) estimation. The proposed study delivers three modules: (1) a new equivalent circuit model (ECM) for lithium-ion batteries, (2) a new SOC estimator based on the moving horizon method, and (3) an on-board FPGA implementation of the classical Coulomb counting method for SOC estimation. The research team extends the traditional …

A Kinematic Analysis Of The Shoulder During The Volleyball Attack Using Euler And Helical Axis Methods, Victoria Jolliff

Biomedical Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The shoulder is a complex joint with a wide range of motion, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and internal and external rotation. In volleyball, repetitive overhand movements can cause shoulder overuse injuries. The primary offensive move, the attack, involves the approach, arm cocking, arm acceleration, and follow-through phases. Motion capture analysis and techniques like calculating Euler angles and rotation about a mean helical axis can evaluate shoulder movements. This study aimed to calculate shoulder movements during each phase of the volleyball attack using the Euler angle YXY sequence and the helical axis method. Different attack types, such as cross-court and …

Zero Dynamics Attacks On Unknown Bilinear Systems: Vulnerability And Detection, Mohammad Aminul Haq

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Critical infrastructure requires a safe and secure operating environment because of its significant impact on society. Its large-scale size and distributed sensors and actuators make it vulnerable to cyber-physical attacks. A zero dynamics attack is a type of cyber-physical attack where an adversary keeps the output of the target constant (classically zero), while forcing some of the internal states to deviate from their nominal values. Most of the existing work in the literature assumes the system dynamics are linear and available to an adversary. The first goal of this dissertation is to show that an adversary can successfully execute a …

Control And Management Of The Balance Of Active And Reactive Power In A Power Supply System With A Solar Power Plant, Narzullo Nuriddinovich Mirzoyev, Siroj Sobirovich Nurov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article discusses the development of a measurement and control system for monitoring and managing the balance of active and reactive power at power plants based on “Green” energy sources. Monitoring and management of the balance of active and reactive power based on a measurement and control system, calculated expressions are developed to solve the problem of reactive power compensation when transmitting electricity at power plants based on “green” energy sources. Reactive power is calculated based on measured active power, and combined reactive power sources generate the reactive power required by the network based on control signals. Schemes for connecting …

Assessment Of Metrological Errors Of Recognition Metrics In The Intelligent Control And Regulation System Of The Cotton Harvesting Machine, Erkin Uljaev, Utkirjon Murodillaevich Ubaydullaev, Azizjon Abdulla Ugli Abdulhamidov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article presents a method for assessing the error of metrics of an intelligent system for monitoring and regulating the width of the working gap of the harvesting apparatus of a cotton picker. To assess the error, the calculation of the average value of the standard deviation of metrics, absolute systematic and random errors, as well as absolute and relative total errors are used. The results of these calculations will allow us to determine the accuracy of the recognition system and opportunities for its improvement.

Structural And Parametric Identification Of Recycling Systems, Khusan Igamberdiev, Madina Mirxalilovma Fozilova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The issue of identifying recirculation systems with a specific control loop, in which information and control information about various technological processes circulate, is being considered. A methodology for identifying recirculation systems has been developed, based on algorithms for structural identification of the model based on the results of assessing the sensitivity of the optimum of control parameters and a fuzzy inference algorithm based on production rules that contribute to solving the problem of parametric identification.

Research Of The Fuzzy Control System For Adjusting Thread Tension During The Warping Process, To'xtamurod Hayitmurodovich Avezov, Zokhid Ergashboyevich Iskandarov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The paper considered issues of research into a fuzzy control system for the warping process. During the warping process, the reasons that cause defects in the final finished product have been studied, firstly (remove this word) which are thread breakage, thread tangling, the formation of loops on or under the belt, hanging loose threads and similar factors. To study the warping process, its mathematical model is constructed. Kinematic parameters of stationary movement corresponding to the equilibrium mode were determined by solving the nonlinear functional matrix - equation of movement. The process of breakage the warp of the threads under oscillation …

Decision-Making Algorithms For Drilling Instrument Control Systems, Fuzayl Fozil Ugli Odilov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The control of the movement of the drilling tool and the structure of the well are considered. An effective control algorithm for drilling systems that provides control of well trajectory parameters is analyzed. In technological processes, it is necessary to control several parameters or several systems at the same time. It is considered necessary to create decision-making algorithms for the formation of managerial effects for the control system of such technological processes. The controlled oriented type of the bottom of the drill string was analyzed. Work was carried out on the decision-making algorithm for the processing of control effects. The …

Using A Neural Network To Remove Noise From Images, Anvar Asatilloyevich Ravshanov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article proposes modern approaches to the problem of noise reduction in images using neural networks and also analyses the possibilities of noise reduction using neural networks. The convolutional neural network model and the Mediana, Sobel filter were considered for image denoising. The quality improvement of the trained neural network and the comparison with classical noise reduction methods have been carried out.

Wearable Alcohol Monitoring Device For The Data-Driven Transcutaneous Alcohol Diffusion Model, Ahmed Hasnain Jalal, Sepehr Arbabi, Mohammad A. Ahad, Fahmida Alam, Md. Ashfaq Ahmed

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Wearable alcohol monitoring devices demand noninvasive, real-time measurement of blood alcohol content (BAC) reliably and continuously. A few commercial devices are available to determine BAC noninvasively by detecting transcutaneous diffused alcohol. However, they suffer from a lack of accuracy and reliability in the determination of BAC in real time due to the complex scenario of the human skin for transcutaneous alcohol diffusion and numerous factors (e.g., skin thickness, kinetics of alcohol, body weight, age, sex, metabolism rate, etc.). In this work, a transcutaneous alcohol diffusion model has been developed from real-time captured data from human wrists to better understand the …