Digital Commons Network^™

Exploring The Role Of Head Teacher In Supporting Early Literacy Development In Lower Primary: A Case Of Makole Primary School In Southern Tanzania, Baraka Roberty Muhindila

Master of Education

Primary school head teachers have many roles to play in supporting early literacy development to young learners of lower primary. This study sought to explore the role of head teacher in supporting early literacy in lower primary school in Southern Tanzania. Through qualitative case study, I deployed multiple methods, namely semi structured interview document analysis to collect data. Data were recorded in the field and later transcribed verbatim. Data analysis involved developing code and themes as guided by the research question and the purpose of my study. The study findings revealed different strategies deployed by the head teacher to support …

Head Teacher’S Role In The Utilization Of Universal Primary Education Funds: A Case Of Bigandu Primary School In Uganda, Moses Nsamba

Master of Education

In 1997 universal primary education (UPE) was introduced in Uganda in response to a series of international conferences and summits of 1990s that resulted into the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration of 2000. To operationalize the declaration the UN secretariat put in place a list of eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) to be achieved by 2015, each of them accompanied by specific targets and indicators. The second MDG is “to achieve universal primary education”. Target 2A of this goal is to ensure that, by 2015 children everywhere, boys and girls alike will be able to complete a full …

An Exploration Of The Role Of Open Distance Learning In Facilitating Teachers’ Professional Development, Sije Daniel Ojala

Master of Education

Teachers’ professional development is a key component in improving the quality of teachers so that they can impact on their practice as well as improving learner’s performance. However many teachers in Tanzania are in the teaching profession with old skills and those who are qualified still have low capacities that needs continue professional development to meet the reforms in the education sector. One of the forms of teachers’ professional development is through open distance learning that ensures reaching masses of teachers who cannot access convectional studies for professional development for different reasons. This study sought to explore the role of …

Teacher Preparation For Teaching English In Secondary School Classes In A Teacher Preparation College In Southern Tanzania, Gervace Anthony

Master of Education

The increase of learner from diverse linguistic backgrounds in today’s classrooms makes teacher education important for teaching these learners. For this case teachers are crucial in making sure that these learners acquire English language basic skills which are important for them in the whole learning process as almost all the subjects in secondary schools are being taught in English except Kiswahili subject. The situation calls for well prepared English teachers to help English language learners who are in transition from using Kiswahili as the medium of instruction to English language. Thus, the study sought to find out how pre-service English …

Public Expenditure Monitoring In Primary Schools: A Case Of A Primary School In Masaka Municipality- Uganda, Stephen Ssemutono

Master of Education

Initiatives to increase the quality of education and number of children in schools, including ‘Universal Primary Education’, lead to the need for more teachers, school administrators and infrastructure. This necessitates hugely increased levels of funding. This in turn leads to the increasing importance of strong financial monitoring. This study sought to explore how public funds are deployed and monitored in a primary school in Uganda, and how key stakeholders are involved in spending decisions and how they perceive their roles. The study adapted a qualitative approach involving one public primary school. Data collection included document analysis, and also interviews and …

School Self-Evaluation: A Case Of A Public Secondary School In Kiambu County, Kenya., Albert Wanjala Mauka

Master of Education

Moves to expand both quality of education and the number of children in school have been highlighted across the world for many years. This has heightened the need for monitoring mechanisms, which, alongside decentralisation of control, have increasingly turned from external inspection to self-evaluation. The use of self-evaluation as a means of school improvement is well documented in the developed world. Evidence of its use in the developing world can be found with, so far, little research literature alongside. This research, therefore, sought to explore how a secondary school in Kenya has implemented school self-evaluation. It aimed to explore the …

The Role Of School Leadership In Facilitating The Use Of Ict In Teaching And Learning : A Case Of Public Secondary School In Tanzania, Obed Kipelo

Master of Education

Literacy development is very important especially to young learners because it is not only for the purpose of reading, writing, listening and speaking. Literacy development rather is about development in many practices learners are exposed to, through the interaction with others and the environment in which they live. Therefore, school and home based environment are importance in promoting learners’ literacy development. Room to Read organization intervened in school settings by providing story books which are the useful resource in teaching process Literature appears to concentrate on the usefulness of using story books in literacy development to learners though very little …

Stakeholders’ Views On The Effects Of Students’ Participation In Co-Curricular Activities In Secondary Schools In Tanzania, Rehema Japhet

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper seeks to explore stakeholders’ views on the effects of students’ participation in co-curricular activities in secondary schools. It explores the perceptions held by heads of schools, teachers, students, chairpersons of school boards, school inspectors and parents towards academic, physical and social development of students as a result of engaging in co-curricular activities. Stakeholders’ views helped to determine the value attached to the activities in comparison to the contribution the activities have in students’ total development. A total of 218 respondents participated in the study on which this paper is based. Basically, qualitative research data collection methodology was used …

Academic Staff’S Access And Use Of Technological Tools: A Challenge To Blended Learning Implementation In Tanzania’S Tertiary Institutions, Luka Mkonongwa

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper explores academic staff’s access to and ability to use technological tools in the course of implementing blended learning system in higher education. In a study, a survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 46 respondents. The results revealed that although academic staff had high self-efficacy towards learning and using technological tools, their access to and use of many technological tools were too limited. This affected their competence and confidence to use such technological tools to teach, and deterred the successful implementation of the blended learning approach. The study concluded that the success of blended learning will depend …

Controversies Underlying The Genre Of Short Story: A Critique Of Perceptions On Kiswahili Written Short Story, Method Samwel

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The genre of short story has been viewed by scholars as being very controversial and conflicting. The debates are on the proper way of defining short stories, their classification with supporting examples, and their actual distinctive features. This paper acknowledges the need to analyze literature into genres and even sub-genres, but shows how controversial literary genres can be. It mainly focuses on controversies pertaining to short story as a genre of Kiswahili literature. It presents varied perceptions of various scholars on issues related to Kiswahili written short stories. It also presents the ‘best’ way of resolving the controversies.

Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Sexuality Education: A Case Of Primary Schools In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Margareth Bilinga

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper is about teachers’ attitudes towards teaching sexuality education (SE) in Morogoro rural and urban districts. It is based on a study which employed mixed method design and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It involved a sample of 126 teachers residing from Morogoro rural and urban schools. Data were obtained through interviews and questionnaire. It was revealed that a majority of the teachers supported the teaching of SE in schools with more support of HIV and AIDS contents than pregnancy and contraceptives. There was no significant difference in terms of attitudes between teachers residing in rural and urban …

Teachers’ Questioning Techniques In Advanced Level Chemistry Lessons: A Tanzanian Perspective, Ernest Kira, Sotco Komba, Eugenia Kafanabo, Frank Tilya

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

This study investigated the extent to which teachers’ questioning techniques and the way teachers handled students’ responses facilitated students’ learning and promoted their thinking skills. The study focused on three secondary schools in Dar es Salaam. The data collection process involved classroom observations during chemistry lessons and interviews of 10 chemistry teachers. The findings showed that 80% of the observed teachers had a moderate ability in using questioning techniques to measure students’ understanding. The interesting observation in all schools was that teachers interacted frequently with active students and bothered less to involve the least active ones. Moreover, above 80% of …

Neoliberalism And University Education In Sub-Saharan Africa, James R. Ochwa-Echel

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

This article reviews the history of university development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and discusses the impact of neoliberal policies. This will be followed by an examination of the problems facing universities in the region. The following questions will be explored: (a) Are the existing universities in SSA serving the development needs of the region? (b) Are these universities up to the task of moving SSA out of the predicaments it faces such as famine, HIV/AIDS, poverty, diseases, debt, and human rights abuses? Finally, the article argues that for universities to play a role in the development of the region, a …

Assessment Of The Implementation Of Learner-Centred Teaching Approaches In Secondary Schools In Kibondo, Tanzania, Leatitia Gabriel

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study assesses the extent to which the learner-centred approach (LCA) is effectively articulated in secondary schools in Kibondo District of Kigoma Region, Tanzania. Data were collected through document analysis, observation, interviews, focus group discussion and questionnaires from 166 respondents. Research findings show that teachers encountered a number of transitional problems in implementing the LCA, including overcrowded classes, lack of students’ readiness and interest, language problem among learners, lack of in-service training on LCA, poor students’ participation in class, inadequate instructional resources such as textbooks and reference materials and shortage of teachers, the situation which lead to an enormous teaching …

Issues And Challenges In The Development Of Open Access Publishing And Scholarly Communications In Nigeria, Ifeoma Ann Oluwasemilore

American Association for the Advancement of Science Pacific Conference

The paper notes that advances in technology have resulted in the emergence of open access publishing and scholarly communication. Open access publishing typically provides an internet based digital platform for the publication of research output with unrestricted access to the public while scholarly publication networks encompass inter linked information access to database by educational institutions. The growth of open access publishing and scholarly communication has been very remarkable in many developed countries. However, academic and research institutions in many developing countries like Nigeria are still battling to overcome many challenges in an attempt to make their research outputs openly accessible. …

North-South International Education Partnerships: Two Canadian Projects With Tanzania., Aniko Varpalotai, Chantal Phillips, Marian Roks

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Abstract

The following is a review of two Canadian-Tanzanian international partnerships working in Tanzania within the education sector. Project TEMBO (Tanzania Education and Micro-Business Opportunity) supports the development of formal and non-formal education for girls and women in collaboration with other local and international non-governmental organizations. The Huron University College/University of Dar es Salaam project is strengthening post-secondary educational opportunities in collaboration with civil society organizations and local government. Both projects are focused on literacy in the broadest sense to achieve critical skills in civic engagement, poverty reduction, problem solving, decision-making and reducing gender imbalances, and as such are in …

A Viewpoint Of Tanzania E-Commerce And Implementation Barriers, George S. Oreku, Fredrick Mtenzi, Ali Al Dahoud

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

The growing rate of ICT utilization particularly the Internet and mobile phones has influenced at an exponential rate online interaction and communication among the generality of the populace. However, with the enormity of businesses on the Internet, Tanzania is yet to harness the opportunities for optimal financial gains. This study is exploratory in nature as it attempts to unveil the prospects of e-commerce implementation, participation, motivation and opportunity to the developing countries like Tanzania where by the domestic market is very big to ensure the growth of agricultural sector. The paper proposes to investigate the ability of consumers to purchase …

The Contracting World Of Girls At Puberty: Violence And Gender-Divergent Access To The Public Sphere Among Adolescents In South Africa, Kelly Hallman, Nora Kenworthy, Judith A. Diers, Nick Swan, Bashi Devnarain

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This Population Council working paper describes a participatory mapping project undertaken with single-sex groups of grade 5 and grade 8–9 children in urban and rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. At grade 5, female self-defined community areas were equal to or larger in size than those of males in both sites. However, wide gender divergence in access to the public sphere was found among grade 8–9 children. Although curtailed spatial access, especially in urban areas, is intended to protect post-pubescent girls, grade 8–9 girls reported most spaces in their small navigable areas unsafe. Reducing girls’ access to the public sphere does not …

Educational Exigencies Of The 21st Century: Implications For Teacher Education Programmes In East Africa, Peter Kajoro, Hellen Chirure, Irene Simiyu

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

Questions about what constitutes effective teacher education compatible with today’s changing educational demands have been frequently raised. This article is an overview of ideas about the elements of effective teacher education in view of the 21st century demands. Drawing on literature and the authors' knowledge of teacher education in the East African context, the article argues the case for the different elements of effective teacher education program that would help the region, and perhaps, by extension, other developing countries, meet their educational obligations in the 21st century. The paper also highlights the theoretical underpinnings of these elements and their implications …

The Effectiveness Of Educational Support To Orphans And Vulnerable Children In Tanzania And Uganda, Mary Shann, Malcolm Bryant, Mohamad Brooks, Paul Bukuluki, Denis Muhangi, Joe Lugalla, Gideon Kwesigabo

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

Little evidence is available to assist policy makers and donors in deciding what kinds of programs in developing countries are more likely to be effective in supporting the entry and continuation of OVC in secondary schools. This is particularly important for females whose education has direct bearing on child mortality in the next generation. This study gathered four kinds of educational outcome measures in two East African countries ravaged by the AIDS/HIV pandemic. The goal was to determine whether direct scholarship aid to individual students versus various forms of block grants would be more effective in promoting lower rates of …

Internet Accessible Remote Real-Time Laboratory For Computer Networking Curriculum, Oyindamola Idowu

Masters Theses

Despite the availability of equipment required to teach hands-on laboratory practices in a computer networking curriculum, educators are faced with the challenge of extending such practices to students in remote locations. Distance learning has become a substantial part of the current education system, requiring institutes of learning adjusting from traditional face-to-face courses to content that can be carried out over the internet so that students can complete part or all the requirements for certain courses in an online modality. Unfortunately, traditional networking laboratories were designed with the assumption students will be physically present. This research is aimed to provide at …

Georgia Southern Magazine, Georgia Southern University

Georgia Southern Magazine

• Campus Growth
• An Evening with Laura Bush
• 'Sprung up from Sandy Earth'
• China's Roses
• Tee Time
• Learning to Overcome

Implementation Of Maritime Education And Training (Met) : An Exploration Of Human And Technological Resources Challenges Facing Met In Kenya, Nthia J. Mabuti

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Students’ Science Knowledge As A Constraint In Developing Interests In Science Studies Among Secondary School Learners In Tanzania, John F. Kalolo, Eugenia J. Kafanabo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The paper examines how students’ science knowledge is a constraint in developing interests in science studies. There are three objectives that guided the study on which this paper is based: examining student’s background knowledge about science and its related careers; assessing student’s awareness on science related professions; and examining the availability of various sources of science knowledge in schools for developing interest in science subjects in secondary schools. A total of 246 respondents participated in the study; and these included 60 teachers, 180 students and 6 heads of schools. The data were collected through questionnaire, interview, focus group discussion, and …

Content Validity Of National Examinations In Assessing The Curriculum Objectives In Tanzania, Kitila Mkumbo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Several factors have been attributed to poor performance of students in the national form four examinations in the past five years. These factors include lack of teachers’ qualifications and poor commitment to teach; lack of teaching and learning facilities such as books, laboratory equipment and libraries; and poor teachers’ working conditions. Nevertheless, there has been no attempt to systematically examine the content of examinations as related to the implemented curriculum, with a view to assessing the validity of these examinations. This paper examines the content validity of the Form IV national examinations in assessing the curriculum objectives. The key question …

The Role Of Heads Of Departments In Enhancing The Quality Of Education In Secondary Schools In Tanzania, Perpetua J. Urio

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Heads of department are perceived as instructional leaders. This paper is based on a study that aimed to find out how heads of departments in Tanzanian secondary schools deal with their tasks in enhancing the quality of education, and the support accorded to them by the school administrative system in the performance of their duties. The study was conducted in Arusha and Coast regions, comprising a sample of 72 respondents from eight secondary schools. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires and documentary review. Data collected were subjected to content analysis and numerical data were summarized into tables. Findings revealed that, …

Development Of Information And Communication Technology In Education In Tanzania: How Is Duce Playing Its Role?, Josta L. Nzilano, Ayoub C. Kafyulilo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper presents the ICT integration situation in Tanzania, and the efforts that are being made by the Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE), as a teacher training institution, to have ICT integrated in the education system at the college and country at large. Over 60 articles and reports were gathered and read in the process of writing the paper. However, through rigorous review of each article only 35 were found to match best with the goal of this study. Results from literature indicate that technology integration in the country was still at an infant stage. Most educational …

Variation In Job Satisfaction Between Public And Private Secondary School Teachers In Tanzania: A Comparative Study At Kinondoni District, Faustine B. Masath

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

In improving the quality of education in secondary schools, teachers’ job satisfaction is vital and an inevitable component. In Tanzania, however, the level of job satisfaction of secondary school teachers is not clear; and so is how public and private secondary schools differ in their level of job satisfaction. This paper aims to compare the level of job satisfaction between public and private secondary school teachers. The paper is based on a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design, which employed a sample of 275 respondents from 10 selected secondary schools in Kinondoni district. Teacher Job Satisfaction Scale (TJSS) and documentary review …

Teacher Resource Centres: A Strategy For Secondary School Teachers’ Professional Development In Tanzania, Gadi Moses Koda

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The overall education level in Tanzanians has increased in terms of schooling and even in fundamental literacy. While enrolment in secondary schools has been increasing rapidly, Form IV examinations results since 2010 have been discouraging, showing that there is a problem in the education system (NECTA, 2010). To address the situation, this article presents the needs for alternative strategies for secondary school teachers’ professional development in Tanzania. It focuses on the Teacher Resource Centre (TRC) approach as a strategy for secondary school teachers’ professional development in Tanzania. The paper also discusses equipment, materials, accessibility and management as well as teachers’ …

An Inquiry Into The Political Correctness In Swahili And Mashami Traditions, Benedictor Phanuel Lema

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Political correctness evidences naturally evolving socio-political and economic dynamics that are constantly in force. This paper shows that political correctness, viewed from the perspective of the seemingly socio-cultural readjustments, needs to be understood from the underlying socio-cultural and political forces that are strongly embedded in the social structures. Borrowing from Swahili and Mashami cultures, this paper shows differences in the way they neutralize unfriendly terms, particularly in events where the labelling is a result of the work of God and naturally imposed calamities. It establishes that whereas Swahili culture seems to be rude in the eyes of the activists in …