Digital Commons Network^™

เสถียรภาพของภาคการเงินและภาคเศรษฐกิจจริงภายใต้ความเสี่ยงด้านต่ำและด้านสูงของราคาบ้าน, พงศ์ภัค ศรีสิงหสงคราม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลกระทบและปัจจัยสำคัญทางด้านภาคเศรษฐกิจจริงและปัจจัยทางด้านภาคการเงินต่อราคาบ้านเมื่อเกิดสภาวะความเสี่ยงด้านสูงและความเสี่ยงด้านต่ำสำหรับกลุ่มประเทศตลาดเกิดใหม่ และกลุ่มประเทศพัฒนาแล้ว ในการศึกษานี้ได้มีการแบ่งกลุ่มของข้อมูลเป็น 2 กลุ่มหลัก ได้แก่ กลุ่มปัจจัยในภาพรวม และกลุ่มปัจจัยย่อย ทั้งนี้เพื่อตอบวัตถุประสงค์ผู้วิจัยได้มีการนำเทคนิค Feature Importance ด้วยการใช้อัลกอริทึม Random Forest และเสริมด้วยแบบจำลอง Semi-parametric Quantile Regression ซึ่งจะช่วยให้แบบจำลองเหมาะสมกับการวิเคราะห์การแจกแจงการกระจายข้อมูลที่ไม่ปกติ ผลการศึกษาแบ่งตามลักษณะกลุ่มประเทศดังนี้ สำหรับกลุ่มประเทศพัฒนาแล้วพบว่าปัจจัยทางด้านอัตราดอกเบี้ยนโยบายการเงินที่มีสัดส่วนสูงที่สุดในการกำหนดราคาบ้านทั้งในช่วงความเสี่ยงด้านสูงและด้านต่ำอีกทั้งเมื่อปัจจัยดังกล่าวปรับตัวเพิ่มขึ้นยังส่งผลต่อราคาบ้านให้ลดลงอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติสำหรับทุกควอนไทล์ ทั้งนี้เมื่อพิจารณาเฉพาะในปัจจัยย่อยของกลุ่มตัวแปรต่างๆ ที่มีความสำคัญที่สุดและส่งผลต่อราคาบ้านในแต่ละกลุ่มจะพบว่าปัจจัยที่ควรสังเกตุและมีความสำคัญมากเพื่อรักษาเสถียรภาพของราคาบ้านได้แก่ ปัจจัยด้านรายจ่ายเพื่อการอุปโภคบริโภคของรัฐบาล, ปัจจัยด้านดัชนีราคาด้านสินค้าและบริการเบ็ดเตล็ด, ปัจจัยด้านดัชนีราคาด้านการนันทนาการและวัฒนธรรม, ปัจจัยด้านการลงทุนแบบพอร์ตโฟลิโอผ่านตราสารทุน, ปัจจัยด้านสัดส่วนสินเชื่อภาคครัวเรือนเทียบกับผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมภายในประเทศ และปัจจัยด้านดัชนีอัตราแลกเปลี่ยนที่แท้จริง เป็นต้น สำหรับกลุ่มประเทศตลาดเกิดใหม่พบว่าตัวแปรทางด้านดัชนีอัตราแลกเปลี่ยนที่แท้จริงและสัดส่วนสินเชื่อต่อผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศมีสัดส่วนสูงที่สุดรวมกันอยู่ที่ประมาณสัดส่วนร้อยละ 60 ถึง 70 ของตัวแปรทั้งหมดในแบบจำลองในการกำหนดราคาบ้าน ทั้งนี้สำหรับประเทศพัฒนาแล้วอัตราแลกเปลี่ยนที่แท้จริงเมื่อเกิดการแข็งค่าขึ้นจะส่งผลต่อราคาบ้านในทิศทางลดลงอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติสำหรับทุกควอไทล์ ทั้งนี้เมื่อพิจารณาเฉพาะในปัจจัยย่อยของกลุ่มตัวแปรต่างๆ ที่มีความสำคัญที่สุดและส่งผลต่อราคาบ้านในแต่ละกลุ่มจะพบว่าปัจจัยที่ควรสังเกตุและมีความสำคัญมากเพื่อรักษาเสถียรภาพของราคาบ้านได้แก่ ปัจจัยด้านรายจ่ายเพื่อการอุปโภคบริโภคของครัวเรือน, ปัจจัยด้านการสะสมทุนถาวรเบื้องต้น, ปัจจัยด้านดัชนีราคาด้านสินค้าและบริการเบ็ดเตล็ด, ปัจจัยด้านการลงทุนแบบพอร์ตโฟลิโอผ่านตราสารหนี้, ปัจจัยด้านสัดส่วนสินเชื่อภาคเอกชนเทียบกับผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมภายในประเทศ, ปัจจัยด้านเครื่องมือ Loan-to-Value และ ปัจจัยด้านปริมาณเงินตามความหมายกว้าง เป็นต้น ดังนั้นเพื่อรักษาเสถียรภาพของภาคการเงินและภาคเศรษฐกิจจึงนั้น ผู้ออกนโยบายควรที่จะมุ่งไปที่ปัจจัยที่มีความสำคัญและส่งผลต่อราคาบ้านให้เหมาะสมกับลักษณะของกลุ่มประเทศและพิจารณาการกับกำดูแลผ่านนโยบายเสถียรภาพด้านราคาบ้านตามสถานการณ์ให้เหมาะสม

From Soup To Nuts - The Efficiency Of Non-Profits: Evidence From U.S. Food Banks, Mary A. Mattingly

Masters Theses

Nonprofits are a growing part of America’s economy and play an import role in fulfilling the needs of society in addition to private firms and government agencies. Economists haven’t researched nonprofits as much as other firms in the past, but this is starting to change. This project looks at the efficiency of 20 food banks in the United States using Data Envelopment Analysis. The results show that American Food Banks appear to be using their funds efficiently, but others could learn to use their inputs and outputs in a more efficient manner. As more data becomes available, this area of …

Informational Intermediation, Market Feedback, And Welfare Losses, Wenji Xu, Kai Hao Yang

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper examines the welfare implications of third-party informational intermediation. A seller sets the price of a product that is sold through an informational intermediary. The intermediary can disclose information about the product to consumers and earns a fied percentage of sales revenue in each period. The intermediary's market base grows at a rate that increases with past consumer surplus. We characterize the stationary equilibria and the set of subgame perfect equilibrium payoffs. When market feedback (i.e., the extent to which past consumer surplus affects future market bases) increases, welfare may decrease in the Pareto sense.

Consumer Guilt And Sustainable Choice: Environmental Impact Of Durable Goods Innovation, K. Sudhir, Ramesh Shankar, Yuan Jin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The paper develops a modeling framework to study how sustainability interventions impact consumer adoption of durable goods innovation, firm profit and environmental outcomes in equilibrium. Our two period model with forward looking consumers and a monopoly firm introducing an innovation in the second period accommodates three key features: (1) it builds on the psychology literature linking reactive and anticipatory guilt to consumers’ environmental sensitivity on initial purchase and upgrade decisions; (2) it disentangles environmental harm over the product life into that arising from product use and dumping at replacement; and (3) it clarifies how a taxonomy of innovations (function, fashion …

Market-Minded Informational Intermediary And Unintended Welfare Loss, Wenji Xu, Kai Hao Yang

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper examines the welfare effects of informational intermediation. A (short-lived) seller sets the price of a product that is sold through a (long-lived) informational intermediary. The intermediary can disclose information about the product to consumers, earns a fixed percentage of the sales revenue in each period, and has concerns about its prominence---the market size it faces in the future, which in turn is increasing in past consumer surplus. We characterize the Markov perfect equilibria and the set of subgame perfect equilibrium payoffs of this game and show that when the market feedback (i.e., how much past consumer surplus affects …

“Strive For Gains!”: Perceived Fairness Of College Tuition Price Increases, Rachel Powell

Economics Honors Papers

No abstract provided.

Poverty And Elderly Labor Supply In Thailand, Ruoshan Zhao

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of poverty on elderly labor force participation and investigate the relationship between poverty and the intensity of work (i.e., working days). Labor supply by the elderly is increasingly one of the most concerning issues in developing countries. Based on studies on the elderly, researchers have made significant findings regarding the labor participation rates of older adults. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between the labor force participation rate and poverty among the elderly in Thailand. This study used the probit regression model and Tobit regression model …

Eigenvalues + Shaikh Nassif Coronado Paper, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Eigenvalue distribution, matrix size and the shape of the rank-size eigenvalue moduli curve by Anwar Shaikh, Nassif, and Coronado (unpublished work).
• Shaikh, A. (2010, September 27). Bienenfeld approximation. (Unpublished manuscript note).
• Shaikh, A. (2020, August 8). Sraffa prices & normalization. (Unpublished manuscript note).
• Shaikh, A. (2021, June 15). Marx / Adrian. (Unpublished manuscript note).
• Shaikh, A. (2021, September 13). Economic Systems Research final review correspondence. (Unpublished manuscript note).
• Shaikh, A. (2021, December 27). Do subdominant normalized eigenvalues all approach 1? (Unpublished manuscript note).
• Shaikh, A. (2022, January 9). Greenberger. (Unpublished manuscript note). …

Extreme Temperatures During Pregnancy And Adverse Birth Outcomes: Evidence From 2009 To 2018 U.S. National Birth Data, Gulcan Cil, Jiyoon Kim

Economics Faculty Research and Scholarship

We provide the first estimates of the impacts of prenatal exposure to extreme temperatures on infant health at birth using the latest national birth data from 2009 to 2018 from all U.S. states. We consistently find that an additional day with mean temperature greater than 80°F or less than 10°F increases preterm births and low birthweight. Strikingly, the adverse effects are borne disproportionately by Black and Hispanic mothers, suggesting that the projected increase in extreme temperatures may further exacerbate the existing birth health disparities across different race/ethnicity groups. We also contribute by investigating the impact of deviations from the normal …

Data From: Short-Term Household Economic Stress Effects On Retail Activity In El Paso, Texas, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Patricia Arellano-Olague

Datasets

No abstract provided.

(Wp 2022-02) Keynes's Treatise On Probability 100 Years Later: Small Vs. Large Worlds And Closed Vs. Open Systems, John B. Davis

Economics Working Papers

The meaning and significance of Keynes’s Treatise on Probability has changed over the 100 years since its publication. Initially it stood on its own as an original contribution to probability theory. After The General Theory some saw the Treatise strengthening Keynes’s later arguments. Yet by the time New Classical Economics became dominant it became largely ignored. This paper attributes that later rejection to the mainstream economics’ reliance on Savage’s subjective expected utility restriction of probability thinking to what he called small worlds. It argues that his small worlds-large worlds distinction produces a small worlds-closed worlds conception of economics the mainstream …

The Economic Obstacles To Electric Vehicle Adoption In Montana, Lily B. Duray

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Beginning in 2008, electric vehicles, otherwise referred to as EVs have increased in popularity. However, most rural areas like Montana still have not adopted these types of vehicles because of three major obstacles. By addressing EV driving range, availability of public EV charging stations, and the charging times of EVs, EVs can become a credible substitute for traditional vehicles in Montana.

Nssr Racist Poster, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• The New Jew, 2022. Paleolithic or Palestinian? [Poster]. The New School.
• Shaikh, A., 2022. Cambridge MA trip [Handwritten notes]. Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

Economic Policy And Equality : Neoliberalism And Gender Equity In Latin America Since The 1970s, Donnett Annmarie Lee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Neoliberalism has been a persistent concern for policymakers, scholars, and the general public in Latin America due to its negative effects on women. This paper examines the relationship between neoliberal economic policies and gender equality from the 1970s to 2003 in the region. I use a mixed-methods approach to test the two major competing theories from the literature that discuss women’s status under neoliberal reform. I find that neoliberal economic policies did not improve the status of women but reduced gender disparity. Neoliberalism led to the worsening of men’s status, which caused the status of women to seem better. Overall, …

The Community Reinvestment Act: Reimagined, Jonathan Raefski

Theses - Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy

America has long been considered the land of opportunity. However, the American Dream’s attainability has not been widespread. Instead, wealth continues to be funneled into the hands of the select few. In an effort to combat income inequality and to provide capital reinvestment for historically left behind groups, Congress enacted the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) in 1977. The idea behind the legislation was to stimulate lending and extend credit to areas that were affected by redlining, classism, or other prejudicial practices that enabled income inequality. This thesis aims to analyze the legislation to understand both the strengths and weaknesses of …

Dead Money: Measuring The Influence Of Representatives On Government Spending, Adhitya Venkatraman

CMC Senior Theses

In line with popular criticisms of Congressional pork barrel spending, I find that that individual representatives do wield significant influence in securing government contracts for their districts. Using federal contract data organized at the congressional district level from FY 2001 – FY 2021, I estimate how individual members of the House of Representatives affect funding outcomes. My identification strategy leverages changes in contract funding that occur during exogenous vacancies occurring in the middle of a term. By comparing contract funding outcomes during vacant quarters to non-vacant quarters, I estimate the amount of individual influence exercised by representatives.

During vacant quarters, …

Private Equity – The Rescue Or Destruction Of Financially Distressed Investments, Alex Wilson

CMC Senior Theses

This paper investigates the effect PE-backing has on portfolio companies in financial distress. Inspired by the more recent questioning of the morality of the Private Equity industry, this paper analyzes the change in financial health after a PE buyout transaction and directly compares that of financially distressed firms during the same time period that were not PE-backed. This study utilizes a dataset made up of financially distressed, public US firms as of 2009, and assesses the change in Z-score ~10 years after PE investment to determine whether PE-backing has an effect on the change in financial health. The negative coefficient …

Do School Suspension Reforms Work? Evidence From Rhode Island, Terry Ann Craigie

Economics: Faculty Publications

In Rhode Island, out-of-school suspensions were excessively and disproportionately used to penalize low-level infractions. To address this problem, the Rhode Island General Assembly passed legislation, effective May 2012, prohibiting out-of-school suspensions for attendance-specific infractions. Four years later, the Assembly passed additional legislation to curb out-of-school suspensions for disruption-specific infractions. This study examines the impact of these suspension reforms on out-of-school suspension outcomes for treatment infractions and corresponding racial-ethnic disparities. To execute the analyses, the study uses student-level administrative data (AY 2009–2010 to AY 2017–2018) from the Rhode Island Department of Education, along with quasi-experimental estimation. The study finds that only …

Well Excuse Me! Replicating And Connecting Excuse-Seeking Behaviors, Beatriz Ahumada, Yufei Chen, Neeraja Gupta, Kelly Hyde, Marissa Lepper, Will Mathews, Neil Silveus, Lise Vesterlund, Taylor Weidman, Alistair Wilson, K. Pun Winichakul, Liyang Zhou

Economics: Faculty Publications

Excuse-seeking behavior that facilitates replacing altruistic choices with self-interested ones has been documented in several domains. In a laboratory study, we replicate three leading papers on this topic: Dana et al. (2007), and the use of information avoidance; Exley (2015), and the use of differential risk preferences; and Di Tella et al. (2015), and the use of motivated beliefs. The replications were conducted as part of a graduate course, attempting to embed one answer to the growing call for experimental replications within the pedagogic process. We fully replicate the simpler Dana et al. paper, and broadly replicate the core findings …

The Effect Of Medicaid On Recidivism: Evidence From Medicaid Suspension And Termination Policies, Gultekin Gollu, Mariyana Zapryanova

Economics: Faculty Publications

Although people who go through the prison and jail system in the United States have significant health care needs, many leave it with no health insurance and, as a result, they experience gaps in access to care. Exploiting variation in Medicaid eligibility policies for incarcerated individuals across states and using administrative prison release data, we find that suspending rather than terminating Medicaid upon incarceration decreases the probability of returning to prison within 1 and 3 years of release by 2.91 and 4.58 percentage points, respectively. These effects are observed among different types of prisoners, but are greater for Black and …

Search, Technology Choice, And Unemployment, Constantine Angyridis, Haiwen Zhou

Economics Faculty Publications

Technology variations among countries account for a significant part of their income differences. In this paper, a firm's technology choice is embedded in a search theoretic framework for unemployment. More advanced technology is assumed to have a higher setup cost, but it is more productive. The model is tractable and the following results are derived analytically. An increase in the unemployment benefit leads to an increase in the equilibrium wage rate, giving an incentive to firms to choose a more advanced technology. Thus, this result regarding unemployment insurance in models with wage posting carries through with Nash bargaining as well. …

The Partition Of Production Between Households And Markets, Christopher Colburn, Haiwen Zhou

Economics Faculty Publications

The process of industrialization was accompanied by the switch from household production to firm production. The industrialization process was also a process of population growth, the appearance of general-purpose technologies, and the expansion of international trade. This paper studies the partition of production between households and firms in an analytically tractable general equilibrium model with a continuum of goods. We show that population growth, development of general-purpose technologies, and the opening of international trade increase the percentage of goods produced by firms. However, with the appearance of a technology biased toward home production, the percentage of goods produced by households …

Pulling Back The Veil: What Determines Hbcu Campus Enrollments, James V. Koch, Omari H. Swinton

Economics Faculty Publications

Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are among the least researched sectors of American higher education. This article addresses a portion of this knowledge deficit by focusing on the determinants of the full-time equivalent enrollments of 50 HBCUs between fiscal year FY 2005 and FY 2018 and then comparing them to a broad sample of 182 non-HBCUs. The most noteworthy specific results generated by our analyses are: (1) increased recruitment of white students by HBCUs may not hold the key to HBCU enrollment success; (2) the incomes of the households from which students emanate have a major positive influence on …

Nonmetropolitan Nebraskans’ Opinions About Water, Climate, And Energy: 2022 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Heather Akin, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Bradley Lubben, L. J. Mcelravy, Timothy Meyer, Steven A. Schulz, Amanda Tupper

Nebraska Rural Poll

Most rural Nebraskans receive their home tap water from city water or municipal water systems. Just over two-thirds of rural Nebraskans receive their drinking water from a municipal system. One-quarter have private well water and seven percent are on a rural water system.

Many rural Nebraskans have tested their home tap water for nitrates. However, a similar proportion indicated they have not tested their water or are unsure. Persons with higher household incomes are more likely than persons with lower incomes to have tested their home water for each of the items listed. Many persons with the lowest household incomes …

Are Hispanics Less Likely To Receive Vocational Rehabilitation Services?, Alberto Migliore, John Shepard

All Institute for Community Inclusion Publications

In the US, 16% of people with cognitive disabilities self-report to be of Hispanic ethnicity (US Census Bureau, FY 2020). However, among people with intellectual disabilities who received vocational rehabilitation services, only 11% (-5%) are Hispanic (N = 32,823, RSA911, FY2020).

Sustainability In The New England Ski Industry, Sydney E. Gendreau

Honors Theses and Capstones

The goal of this study is to explore the extent to which sustainable investments are worthwhile for the New England ski industry. Research has shown that the New England ski industry will be greatly impacted by the effects of climate change within the near future. Anthropogenic climate change over the next several decades will cause frequent low snow winters, increases in night time winter temperatures, and overall shorter winters. Detailed economic analysis has shown that low snow and warm winters result in roughly $54 million in lost revenue for the New Hampshire ski industry in the past (Burakowski, Magnusson, 2012). …

“The Real Cost Of Mining: How Digging For Rare Earth Metals Could Pose A Greater Cost Than Evs Can Save”, Brahim Khalil Yatim

Honors Theses and Capstones

The Paris Climate Agreement proposes to have 20% of all road transport vehicles be electric by the year 2030. Implementation of this policy is critical to help obtain a 2 degrees Celsius reduction in the increase of global temperatures by 2030. This paper dives into the true costs of taking on a project that large scale. This study finds that though the benefits of this project would result in a 351,785,600 tons of GHG saved by the electric conversion there are significant environmental and human costs associated with the mining necessary to complete the agreement's goal. With current technologies and …

Relationship Between Intergenerational Mobility (Igm) And Economic Growth: Evidence From Cross-Country Data, Swapnil Landge

Publications and Research

Inequality of opportunity (IGM) is a major cause of inequality of opportunity in many countries. However, the impact of IGM on economic growth has not been fully explored. In this research project, I first replicated and extended the IMF working paper titled IGM, IGM, and Economic Growth’ by Shekhar Aiyar and Christian Ebeke (2019), which explored the relationship between income inequality and economic growth, utilizing various measures of intergenerational mobility, to confirm that the adverse impact of income inequality on growth is more pronounced when IGM is lower. Then, I used the latest Gini dataset (All the Ginis’) compiled by …

Postsecondary Faculty Perceptions Of Social And Emotional Learning Professional Development On Instructional Practice, Kurt Victor Spady

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Mental health distress for students is prevalent on postsecondary campuses, which negatively affects students’ psychological well-being and academic success. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to examine the influence that social and emotional learning (SEL) professional development focused on respect had on the instructional practice of full-time faculty at a community college in Western Canada. Mezirow’s theory of transformative learning was the conceptual framework that grounded this study. The research question explored faculty perceptions of the influence of Respect-focused training on their instructional practice. This study used purposeful sampling of 12 full-time faculty members who had taken the …

Impact Of Islamic Financial Principles On Mitigating The Covid-19 Financial Crisis In Pakistan, Mohammed Monzur Murshid

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a global financial crisis. Governments and central banks around the world took unprecedented measures to mitigate the effect of the pandemic-triggered financial crisis and maintain the stability of the financial system. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine the capability of the Islamic financial system to mitigate the effect of the pandemic-induced financial crisis on the economy of Pakistan in 2020. The International Monetary Fund enhanced dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (IMF-DSGE) model provided the framework for this study. Data collection included conventional financial sector parameters, Islamic financial sector parameters, and country-level macroeconomic data …