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Reviewers And Referees

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

Editorial History

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

George C. Roberts Award Recipients

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

96th Annual Iass Conference Call For Papers

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

Gardens Through The Ages: How Public Gardens Impact The Growth Of Society, Abby J. Cutsinger

ATU Scholars Symposium

Throughout history, gardens held a vital role in the development of civilizations, often serving as spaces for food, reflection, and community. The aim of this study was to explore the progression of gardens parallel to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Additionally, the study aimed to determine whether gardens help fulfill those needs and, in doing so, influence human morality. To examine these possibilities, the researcher conducted a literature review of historical and contemporary accounts of gardening and its effects on physical and psychological well-being, analyzing these findings through the lens of Maslow’s framework. Additionally, crime rate data were compared across several …

Crisis Book Monthly Review, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• An annotated draft chapter titled Revised chapter—Monthly Review, discussing Baran and Sweezy’s Monopoly capital (December 1985).

• An outline titled Part II: The possibilities of a state-generated solution in Sweezy’s theory, including a proposed agenda for a crisis meeting (January 24–26, 1986).

• An outline titled Outline for political section of MR (January 1986).

• Handwritten notes comparing perfect and imperfect competition theories.

• Handwritten notes titled Crisis group: Monopoly capital & Sweezy/Baran (January 15, 1981).

• A document titled An analysis of Monthly Review and Economic Notes for the RRFE by Mary Malloy.

• An annotated document titled URPE Crisis Group—Analysis of …

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Book Outline + Working Drafts, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Annotated working draft section on post-Marx Marxist political economy (pages 4-19)
• Handwritten notes titled New outline (October 26, 1982)
• Handwritten notes titled Prospectus
• Typed page 10 from the first draft chapter section (duplicate)
• Annotated working draft titled Ch 2 B 3 on Rudolf Hilferding's Finance capital (October 5, 1984)
• Annotated working draft titled Ch 2 B. 3 X on post-1873 Marxist political economy (September 1984)
• Annotated working draft titled Hilferding on his Finance capital, crisis theory, imperialism, and politics

Impact Of Community Gardening On Neighborhood Crime Rates: Research Proposal, Abby J. Cutsinger

ATU Scholars Symposium

Gardening has been a part of human existence from the beginning of time, but people have become distanced from gardening as civilization has grown and urbanized. As this distance has grown, so has the disconnect between people and the basic needs which shape their views of themselves and of society. It is possible that, in the drift away from gardening as communities, humans have become less moral.

The purpose of this study is to determine if community gardening lowers violent crime rates.

This relationship will be gauged by answering the following questions:

• Which type of community gardening benefits community relationships …

Eco 309 Eco. Theory Of The Left, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• A syllabus for Economics 309S titled Crisis theories and political programs of the U.S. left (Spring 1982).

• Moody, K. (1979–1980). World economy: The crisis of the 1980s. Changes: Socialist Monthly, 1(11–12), 27–32.

• Moody, K. (1980). Reindustrialization: The fad in your future. Changes: Socialist Monthly, 2(10), 9–17.

• The text of a speech given by Maryon Gray for the Sojourner Truth Organization titled Current debates within STO (December 12, 1981).

• Handwritten notes titled A note on profit-squeeze theories, including notes on Bowles, Gordon, and Weisskopf (December 13, 1982).

• Publication lists titled Literature of the Revolutionary Communist Party, …

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Comments On Ch 5 And Letter By Sasan, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled Comments on ch 5: MR (January 13, 1985).

• A letter from Sasan discussing his dissertation chapters (December 5, 1983).

Bearcat Advantage: Year One Evaluation Report, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kevin Hollenbeck, Bridget Timmeney, Kyle Huisman

Reports

No abstract provided.

Analisis Kepemilikan Sertifikat Tanah Terhadap Akses Pinjaman Rumah Tangga, Abdul Azzis Azzis, Chaikal Nuryakin

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi

This study aims to examine the impact of land certificate ownership on access to loans from formal financial institutions. Utilizing data from Indonesia in 2018, we employ logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between land certificate ownership and loan access in the country. The examination of land certification in relation to loan access, by distinguishing types of land ownership evidence and loan types, is deemed essential. The findings indicate that the impact of land certification is less effective for low-income households. Beyond ensuring accessible and affordable land certification processes, the government should formulate policies for innovative loan schemes, such …

Marx Harrod Paper, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled New outline wandering around the warranted path (February 16, 1988)

• Handwritten notes titled Tendential regulation vs. equal (July 4, 1988)

• Handwritten notes titled Production period & definition of profit citing Godley and Cripps (1983) and Robinson (1966) (October 25, 1987)

• A letter from Reiner Franke discussing the paper Wandering around the warranted path (November 25, 1987)

• Handwritten notes titled Note on Harrod paper (January 8, 1988)

• Handwritten notes citing Gurley & Shaw (1955)

• Handwritten notes titled Circul cap + output (May 6, 1988)

• Handwritten notes discussing …

Campbell Martha, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes on unit cost-price, profit evaluation, and full-cost theory (September 8, 1983)

• Handwritten notes on maximizing mass of profit (September 9, 1983)

• An outline by Gerardo Castro for Economics 208S titled The consumption function and the multiplier (October 13, 1983)

• Handwritten notes titled Consumption function & multiplier (October 26, 1983)

• Handwritten notes for Eco 209 titled Effects of a rise in demand on profitability (April 26, 1983)

• Handwritten notes titled Marx - Keynes & invest. multiplier including sections on potential supply, demand, equilibrium, and a Marxian view (March 21, 1983) …

Assorted Capital And Finance Notes, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled Fixed K3: Piece-wise different accum. functn comparing old and new accumulation functions and associated block diagrams (May 28, 1986)

• Computer simulation output for model FIXEDK3 showing a piece-wise investment function graph and data (May 29, 1986)

• Handwritten notes titled Accumulation with variable profit margin

• Handwritten notes titled Borrowing, internal finance, & velocity of circulation (March 18, 1986)

• Handwritten notes titled Credit & Marxian expanding reprod covering basic equations, adjustment paths, determinants of accumulation, reaction functions, and surprise in demand/borrowing (November 20, 1985; November 26, 1985)

• Handwritten notes titled …

Keynes Debt Model, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled Per keynesian system discussing stability and finance (April 21, 1986)
• Handwritten notes titled Fully anticipated balanced growth: Keynes
• Handwritten notes titled Fully anticipated request with a yellow sticky note attached
• Handwritten notes titled Fully anticipated request (duplicate)
• Handwritten notes analyzing a balanced path and debt burden
• Handwritten notes titled Interest, money, multiplier rounds & finance (September 23, 1985)
• Handwritten notes titled Summary: keynesian process (September 23, 1985)
• Handwritten notes titled Multiplier effects on demand and debt (September 25, 1985)
• Handwritten notes titled Excess demand for loanable funds (October 6, 1985)
• Handwritten notes titled Eco …

Eco 208, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled Points on Keynesian theory

• Handwritten notes titled Simple reprod is consumption by capitalists of that part of total value which is above the amount necessary for maintenance (December 10, 1979)

• Handwritten notes titled Prod/unprod labor, profit share & profit rate (April 1980)

• Handwritten notes titled Production and non-production activities

• Handwritten notes titled Savings and investment (May 1980)

• Handwritten notes with economic calculations including a table tracking variables across time periods

• Handwritten notes titled Paper on eff. DD

• Handwritten notes titled Simple reproduction and effective DD: Summary …

Eco210s Marx + Keynes, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes on the cover titled Look up ceiling / floor model
• Handwritten notes on transient flows from simple reproduction
• Handwritten notes titled Eco 210S Marx & Keynes
• Handwritten notes titled Transient & SR & LR patterns of dynamical system (1971, November 19)
• An index card titled Accelerator principle referencing Pasinetti (1974) (1984, August 17)
• A document titled A dynamic approach to effective demand (revised 1991, November 5)
• Notes titled I. Three fundamental aggregate relations
• Notes titled I. Three fundamental aggregate relations comparing Keynesian/Kaleckian and Marxian closures
• A document titled A dynamic approach to effective demand (revised …

Stocks Flows, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled Stocks + flows: Circulating capital + output (1988, May 5)
• Handwritten notes deriving an equation for B_t
• Notes titled Notes on turnover, fixed and circulating capital (1977, January 2)

Effective Demand, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled The structure of Keynesian theory of effective demand referencing Morishima (1976) (1979, December)

• Handwritten notes titled Effective DD & Keynesian theory (1982, May 10)

• Handwritten notes titled Effective DD & Keynesian theory (1982, May 14)

• Handwritten notes titled Nell: The post-Keynesian multiplier process (1980, December)

• Handwritten notes titled Notes on effective demand (1981, January 16)

Askimakopoulous Marx Keynes, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• The article Asimakopulos, A. (1983). Kalečki and Keynes on finance, investment and saving. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 7(3-4), 221–233, with handwritten notes (1983, September–December)

• A model file printout titled perlimi (1986, October 24)

• Graphs titled Marxian model with debt threshold showing e=E/P vs. time and e=E/P vs. b=B/P

• Handwritten notes titled Financial ratios (1985, December 20)

• A reading list for Economics 210 (Spring 1986)

• Handwritten notes with a table showing I, C, Ot, S, and borrowing

• Handwritten notes titled Marx / Keynes seminar (1986, October 27)

• Handwritten notes titled I. Basic accounting relations between demand, supply …

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Demand Kalecki Keynes Finance, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled RUN of demand 2 with variable expected growth rate of planned investment (1984, December 10)

• Handwritten notes titled Demand 2: RUNS (1984, December 11)

• Handwritten notes deriving the expected rate of return (1984, December 10)

• Handwritten notes titled CAPITALIST CONS. OUT OF PROFIT NORMAL PROFITS deriving the multiplier

• Handwritten notes outlining types of demand in Keynes (1983, April 6)

• Handwritten notes defining the multiplier (1983, April 5)

• Handwritten notes titled On instability of accum. comparing Harrod's and Luxemburg's problems (1984, September 7)

• Handwritten notes titled BASIC FINANCE EQ. (1985, August 5)

• Handwritten notes titled …

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Are All Sports Betting Losses Created Equal?, Dylan M. Hollick

Business and Economics Honors Papers

This study investigates how the cash out feature in sports betting influences bettor reaction to loss and short-term bet likelihood. The cash out changes the mechanics of a sports betting loss outcome in several ways. By getting some of the bet’s stake back through a cash out loss, the transaction mimics a larger loss-smaller gain joint outcome as opposed to a single loss at the time of the bet’s placement. The cash out also introduces the opportunity for regret or positive counterfactuals depending on the cash outs “correctness”. Using survey data from college students responding to hypothetical betting scenarios, it …

Cover Cropping: How Sustainability & Economics Can Work Hand In Hand (Pt. Ii), Emma Reyes

Business and Economics Honors Papers

Research finds that while the average rate of soil erosion under natural conditions occurs at less than 1.9 Mg per hectare per year, the current rate of erosion for United States agricultural soils occurs at 6.7 Mg per hectare per year (Nearing et al., 2017). This problem is further heightened by the fact that many farmers are concerned about the added expenses that may come from the use of sustainable practices. As a result, this may lead to an increase in the practice of more harmful conventional agricultural techniques if they continue to be considered more economically beneficial in comparison. …

Simulated Recovery: Measuring The Impact Of Structural Adjustment On Economic Development In Latin America, Daniel Espinal

Business and Economics Honors Papers

This paper uses synthetic control analysis to assess the long-term effects of structural adjustment policies on economic development. Focusing on Mexico as a case study, the findings indicate that these policies may have contributed to economic stagnation and widening inequality. By comparing actual outcomes with a synthetic counterfactual, the analysis reveals a notable divergence in performance over time. Reforms intended to stabilize the economy and promote growth—such as austerity, liberalization, and privatization—often led to reduced public investment, weakened institutions, and increased social vulnerability. The results support broader critiques of structural adjustment, suggesting that the costs of such interventions can outweigh …

Decade-Long Deals: The Forces Driving Mlb’S Lengthening Contracts, Benjamin Cuccolo

Business and Economics Honors Papers

This study investigates the economic and institutional factors that influence lengthening contracts in Major League Baseball. Using a dataset of 652 free agent position players that signed for two years or longer from 1991 to 2025, this paper explores how factors such as age, relative player performance, collective bargaining agreements, and risk management strategies affect contract length. Results from the regression model show that younger players that are higher performing are more likely to receive long-term deals. Additionally, those that are extended a qualifying offer also typically sign for longer term deals as suggested by the regression results. A separate …

The Secret Life Of Nim: How Regulation Affects Bank Balance Sheets And Consumer Consequences, Alexandra Nenish

Business and Economics Honors Papers

After the Great Recession of 2008, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act was passed by the Obama Administration in 2010 with hopes to protect citizens against economic downturn spurred by poor banking behaviors. This act of federal financial oversight was unprecedented, and its magnitude and level of strictness caused banks to see an increase in costs, such as increases in personnel numbers and non-interest earning reserve requirements. This research analyzes how banks, specifically community banks, paid for these increased costs by focusing on the net interest margin (NIM). The NIM is a prominent profitability ratio for banking …

Support For Progressive Taxation Amidst Economic Inequality, Emma J. Jones

Business and Economics Honors Papers

Progressive taxation remains a heavily debated topic. Among mixed evidence on the effectiveness of progressive tax systems, there is also mixed evidence on what impacts public support for progressive taxation. It is important to explore this as it can better inform politicians or NGOs how to communicate with audiences to shape support for or opposition to this policy. This thesis approaches this question through the lens of relative deprivation, where one’s sense of economic security is influenced by the status of comparison groups. Using cross-national and cross-temporal survey data from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), I use logit regression …

Evaluating Nature-Based Versus Generic Physical Activity Programs To Address Chronic Health Conditions: Lessons From An Oregon (Usa) Pilot Study, Randall Bluffstone, Ma Chan, Cort Cox, Melinda M. Davis, Caitlin Dickinson, Sahan T. M. Dissanayake, Jeffrey D. Kline, Himani Ojha, Sterling Stokes, Srilakshmi Vedantam, Multiple Additional Authors

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Evidence appears to be building that direct exposure to natural landscapes characterized by significant green cover, such as forests, can help to reduce chronic health conditions such as obesity, stress, hypertension, chronic cardiovascular conditions, depression, anxiety, cancer, and diabetes. One way to encourage greater exposure to nature may be through the use of nature prescriptions, whereby clinicians formally recommend (or prescribe) time in nature to their patients. Based on self-reported data, we describe the implementation and lessons learned from a pilot field experiment examining the clinical use of nature-based versus conventional exercise recommendations in rural Oregon. We discuss the potential …

Essays In Macroeconomics, Manu Garcia

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is organized into three chapters, each offering novel insights into macroeconomic theory and practice. While the chapters address distinct phenomena, a common thread runs throughout: each study examines a transmission mechanism---whether of monetary shocks, normative change, or academic strategies---and underscores the importance of heterogeneity and dynamic adjustment in macroeconomic outcomes. In Chapter 1, I explore one of the most direct channels of monetary policy transmission---the refinancing window in the housing market. By exploiting comprehensive mortgage data from the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) spanning several decades, the analysis identifies episodes of heightened refinancing activity as quasi-natural experiments. Regions …