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Vol. 12 No. 3 (1989): Pacific Studies Front Matter, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Vol. 12 No. 3 (1989): Pacific Studies Full Issue, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Job Displacement, Relative Wage Changes, And Duration Of Unemployment, John T. Addison, Pedro Portugal

Faculty Publications

Using special CPS data on displaced workers, this article investigates the wage consequences of job displacement in a framework that emphasizes the effects of past job duration(s) and unemployment duration(s) on postdisplacement wages. Our model also attempts to take account of the simultaneity between unemployment duration and the postdisplacement wage. It is found that duration strongly reduces subsequent earnings and that considerable overstatement of the loss in firm-specific training investments is implied by conventional routes to measuring wage losses.

The Political Economy Of Welfare, Nancy E. Rose

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Analyses of the U.S. welfare system in the tradition of political economy have tended to focus on the maintenance of a pool of low-wage labor. This paper adds another dimension, as it incorporates government work programs into a theory of the functions and nature of the U.S. welfare system. Three dimensions of the welfare system are posited: (a) maintaining a stigma attached to welfare so that people are encouraged to hold low-wage jobs: (b) maintaining welfare payments at levels that do not interfere with the functioning of labor markets; and (c) basing government work programs on principles that are congruent …

The Evolution Of The Nigerian Financial System: Problems, Challenges And Prospects, Ben A. Oke

Economic and Financial Review

The paper reviews the evolution of the Nigerian financial system and articulates some of its current problems and challenges for the future, especially in the light of the liberalised trade and exchange regime initiated under the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP). The paper examines the evolution of the major institutions in the financial system in the context of the changing pattern of economic and regulatory environment in which they operate. It observes that the financial system has undergone substantial changes since 1960 in terms of number and variety of financial intermediaries, the depth and breadth of instruments, as well as the …

Work And Welfare: How Industrialists Shaped Government Social Service During The Progressive Era, Cynthia Hamilton

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article focuses on the welfare work of industrialists which was developed as a mechanism for fighting trade unionism during the Progressive era. This focus is designed to place welfare in its proper perspective within the political economy and to identify its political and economic functions. The article concludes that industrial welfare was one of the instruments used in creating a work ethic in the United States and one of the mechanisms of social engineering both in and outside of industry.

Institutionalism For What: To Understand Inevitable Progress Or For Policy Relevance?, F. Gregory Hayden

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

In two recent papers, Anne Mayhew challenged the approach and purpose of institutionalism [Mayhew 1987a, 1987b]. Her message was that institutionalism should be concerned with describing cultures in order to understand the inevitable flow of human progress, and should not be undertaking analysis for the purpose of social evaluation and policy. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the insufficiency of the base upon which that message was constructed.

A Study Of Employee Alcohol And Drug Abuse Programs, Phyllis E. Waters

Theses

This study is primarily concerned with drugs and alcohol in the workplace, the range and impact of chemical abuse and how companies are coping with this problem.

The purpose of this study is to study organizations which have formal employee assistance or drug rehabilitation programs and what kind of impact such programs have on reducing drug abuse in the work place.

The first chapter tells the history of these early occupational programs and how they evolved into what is commonly known today as Employee Assistance Programs. It also explains how alcoholism and drug abuse became accepted as a disease.

The …

Obstacles To Women Seeking Management Careers : What They Are, And How American Companies And Women Confront Them, Lih-Fang Chiou

Theses

The thesis focuses on the obstacles faced by women who enter management. It is understood from the literature that the obstacles facing women can be attributed to societal issues or external factors, and to internal obstacles which arise from the perception women have of themselves and their position in the labor force.

The purpose of this research is not to identify all of the obstacles. The focus, instead, is on how women and management respond to the obstacles and how they have created access to senior management positions.

In choosing a managerial career, the critical mission for women executives is …

The Effects Of Position And Gender In Evaluating Job Factors, Yen-Yueh Yin

Theses

This study investigated the extent to which corporate recruiters and students share an understanding of desirable job factors. To identify the differences between the two groups, 114 students and 26 recruiters completed a questionnaire on twenty three job factors. Univariate analyses revealed significant differences between the two groups. The implications of these findings for recruitment, selection, and career counseling are discussed.

Protecting The Environment: Harnessing The Power Of The Marketplace, Murray L. Weidenbaum

Murray Weidenbaum Publications

Americans want a cleaner environment but do not necessarily want to pay more or be inconvenienced. Economists feel that providing economic incentives to manufacturers to reduce pollution can be helpful.

Quicksand Craft Center: Documentation & Analysis Of A Handweaving Program In Vest, Kentucky, Deborah Champion

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Data on the handweaving program at the Quicksand Craft Center in the Appalachian Mountains of Eastern Kentucky were compiled and analyzed. Four areas--history of the craft program, business organization and financial structure, weave patterns of goods woven and sold by the craft center, and weavers employed in the program --were examined to assess the success of the program in the local community. Factors in the four areas examined contributed to the success of the program. The benevolence, perseverance, and co-operation of the founders, directors and community members involved with the craft center have been largely responsible for the continued success …

The Effect Of Government Deficits On Consumption And Interest Rates: A Two Equation Approach, Dean D. Croushore

Economics Faculty Publications

Single-equation estimation of the consumption function often is used in testing the Ricardian equivalence theorem. This approach may be misleading, as effects on interest rates usually are ignored. This paper proposes simultaneous estimation of consumption and investment equations, with the interest rate serving to equilibrate the market. Five existing studies are replicated and subjected to sensitivity tests. The results show that the interest rate is important in the consumption function. The Ricardian equivalence theorem is tested, but the results are mixed.

Monetary And Fiscal Policy As A Stabilization Tool: The Case Of Korea And Turkey, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Vol. 12 No. 2 (1989): Pacific Studies Front Matter, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Vol. 12 No. 2 (1989): Pacific Studies Full Issue, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Demographic Pressures On Health, Education, And Employment Resources In The South Pacific Region, Dennis A. Ahlburg

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

The Early Development Of Housekeeping And Imports In Fiji, Nancy J. Pollock

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Alan Clark's Review Of John Connell's New Caledonia Or Kanaky? The Political History Of A French Colony, Alan Clark

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

A Model Of Exchange Rate Pass-Through, Eric O'N. Fisher

Economics

Exchange rate pass-through is the phenomenon whereby changes in the value of foreign exchange are reflected in changes in import prices. This paper presents a model in which firms are price setters who anticipate exchange rate changes. In equilibrium, firms' strategies incorporate expectations about the exchange rate consistently and are best responses to the strategies of all others in the world market. It is shown that exchange rate changes give rise to import price changes, but the degree of exchange rate pass-through depends upon domestic and foreign market structures and the exchange rate regime. In general, exchange rate pass-through is …

Conservation Complience Standards Relaxed; History: Is Is A Predictor Of Cattle Prices?, Burton Pflueger, Cindy Snyder, Gene E. Murra, Richard Shane

Economics Commentator (1972- 2016)

No abstract provided.

Improving Rural Minnesota Through Downsizing, Mark Threlkeld

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

It is time to take a hard look at downsizing rural Minnesota. In business, downsizing is done to improve the financial health of a company by cutting back on expenses which can no longer be justified in light of changes in the marketplace. While the term may seem odd when applied to a state, it fits the opportunities and problems now facing rural Minnesota and could help the state make the transition through some difficult times.

Exchange Rate Pass-Through And The Relative Concentration Of German And Japanese Manufacturing Industries, Eric O'N. Fisher

Economics

This note examines the rank correlation of export price markups and industrial concentration in German and Japanese manufactures in 1984 and 1986. It gives the most current measures of Japanese manufacturing concentration available in English.

The Economics Of Discrimination 1989-90, Department Of Economics

Werner Sichel Lecture Series

"The Economics of Discrimination" is the twenty-sixth Annual Public Lecture Series organized by the Department. of Economics at Western Michigan University. This year's series is directed by Dr. Emily P Hoffman of the WMU Economics Department and is co-sponsored by the W. E. Upiohn Institute for Employment Research. All lectures are open to the public and no admission is charged. A question and answer session will follow each lecture.

The State, Law And Urban Poverty In Tanzania, Joe Lugalla

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

This paper is about the state, law and urban poverty in Tanzania. The paper examines how the state in Tanzania has been trying to solve the problem of urban poverty. The main argument is that the state's conception of urban poverty is not realistic. The urban poor are seen as responsible for their poverty. This is confirmed by the kind of coercive policies, legislation and other measures which have been instituted by the state in order to solve the problem. The paper argues that due to lack of a critical analysis of the causes of poverty, the state has been …

The 10th Anniversary, Don P. Diffine Ph.D.

Belden Center Monographs

No abstract provided.

Financing The Postwar Housing Boom In Phoenix And Los Angeles, 1945-1960, Lynne Doti, Larry Schweikart

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

This article compares the real estate markets in Los Angeles, CA to Phoenix, AZ.

Can Small Firms Find And Defend Strategic Niches? A Test Of The Porter Hypothesis, Ralph M. Bradburd, David R. Ross

Economics Faculty Research and Scholarship

A number of studies have found a positive relation between market share and profitability. Michael Porter argues that this need not hold when small firms find strategic niches protected by mobility barriers. This paper examines that hypothesis by comparing the profitability of large and small lines of business when the activities of the two groups (proxied by the allocation of sales across submarkets) differ on average. We find that in heterogeneous product mix industries profits of large LBs are no longer significantly greater than profits of smaller rivals, except that market leaders maintain their advantage regardless of product mix.

Regional Differences In Labor Demand In The United States, Rudy Fichtenbaum, John P. Blair

Economics Faculty Publications

A possible explanation for the lack of attention to regional demand variation is that analysts have assumed implicitly that the elasticity at demand was roughly comparable among regions. However, this assumption does not seem tenable, the purpose of this study was to fill this important gap in the literature. The hypothesis was that there were significant differences in the elasticity of the demand for labor. Knowledge of differences in demand elasticity for labor can be extremely important to policy makers at both the state and federal levels. At the federal level, knowledge of differences in regional demand elasticities would allow …

Assisting Displaced Workers: Do The States Have A Better Idea?, Duane E. Leigh

Upjohn Press

This work provides a comprehensive assessment of state initiatives designed to deal with worker displacement. Leigh considers quantitative and qualitative studies of state programs, evaluations of state- and federally-funded demonstration projects and pilot programs, and studies of the design and operation of foreign government programs.