Digital Commons Network^™

Supply Chain Disruptions And Supplier Capital In U.S. Firms, Ernest Liu, Vladimir Smirnyagin, Aleh Tsyvinski

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We empirically and quantitatively study the impact of supply chain disruptions on U.S. businesses. Leveraging granular shipment-level data on the universe of U.S. seaborne imports with nearly 200 million observations, we construct a measure of disruptions at the individual firm level for the time period 2013-2023. We document a significant heterogeneity in disruption rates among U.S. public firms, with a notable increase observed in recent years. We introduce a notion of supplier capital and investigate the effect of supply disruptions on firms’ investment decisions. In the data, firms tend to increase investment in supplier capital following the shock, however, financially …

Essays On Weak Identification, Dennis Guo Wei Lim

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This dissertation presents a comprehensive examination of inference techniques for weak instrumental variable (IV) models, crucial in addressing endogeneity and bias in econometric analyses. Comprising two interconnected chapters, the research explores innovative methodologies to enhance the reliability and robustness of IV regression estimations. Chapter 1 is concerned with maximizing the power of tests in the many weak IVs setting. This is done by introducing a novel approach that considers a linear combination of jackknife Anderson-Rubin (AR), jackknife Lagrangian multiplier (LM), and orthogonalized jackknife
LM tests for inference in IV regressions with many weak instruments and heteroskedasticity. Following I. Andrews (2016), …

The Mathematics Of Financial Portfolio Optimization Incorporating Environmental, Social, And Governance Score Information, Ian Driskill

Master's Theses

We numerically investigate the effects that Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores have on portfolio optimization with Modern Portfolio Theory assumptions and how ESG scores correlate with the market returns of a rated company's stock. Additionally, we review and analyze a research paper published in the Journal of Financial Economics regarding ESG investing titled “Responsible investing: The ESG-efficient frontier” by Pedersen, Fitzgibbons, and Lukasz. Our overall goal is provide insight for socially responsible inclined investors, to help them understand what ESG scores tell us and how those scores may effect their overall investment returns."

Assessing Consumer Willingness To Pay For Zinc-Biofortified Rice – The Case Of Colombia, Sara Ann Oswalt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Hidden hunger, a form of undernourishment caused by micronutrient deficiencies, remains a critical global challenge affecting billions worldwide. Biofortification of staple crops, such as rice, offers a promising solution to address this problem. However, changes in the physical and culinary characteristics due to biofortification may hinder consumer acceptance and limit the benefits of this approach. This research explores consumer preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for zinc-biofortified rice in Cartagena, Colombia. A non-hypothetical experimental auction, including 400 consumers in five different locations within Cartagena, was conducted to analyze the impact of information, socioeconomic factors, and consumer nutrition knowledge on WTP …

Breaking Barriers: Exploring The Intersectionality Of Minority Status, Migration Fear, And Diversity, Alptug Yunus Yorulmaz

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation consists of three essays that examine the intersectionality of minority status, migration fear, and racial diversity: 1) The first essay discusses the importance of ethnic diversity in financial advisory firms. Studies illustrate examples of taste-based discrimination and the challenges faced by minorities in accessing capital. Furthermore, studies conclude a lack of trust in financial advisors, despite their significant role in the financial industry. This essay examines how racial diversity in advisory firms can foster representation and guidance for both minority and non-minority clients. 2) The second essay examines the association between minority entrepreneurial success and migration fear. Studies …

The Impact Of The 2002 Economic Crisis On Remittances & Emigration In Uruguay, Abigail Robeson

Honors Theses

Throughout 2002, the Uruguayan peso depreciated by 85 percent, causing an economic crisis and a rise in people searching outward for employment. This increased both the number of remittances received and emigration in an unprecedented way within Uruguay. Reports of remittances, and migration patterns of Uruguayans before 2002 are vastly different from those of the years following. Using quantitative analysis and a variety of data sources, this paper finds that the Uruguayan economic crisis undoubtedly spurred both remittance relevance and emigration in Uruguay. Emigration and remittances concerning Uruguay are seen to be permanently impacted by the crisis – though to …

The Effect Of Crime On Mental Health In South Africa, Magda Tsaneva, Lauren-Kate Laplante

Economics

This paper examines the impact of district-level crime rates in South Africa on individual depression symptoms. We use panel data from the National Income Dynamics Survey collected between 2008 and 2014 and estimate an individual fixed effects regression model, thus controlling for characteristics of the individual's environment that could affect crime and mental health. We find that an increase of one standard deviation in property (violent) crime is associated with a 7.2 (8.7) percentage point increase in the probability of depression symptoms. Analysis of potential mechanisms suggests that indirect exposure to crime likely affects mental health by increasing stress rather …

Essays On Environmental And Natural Resource Economics, Annaliese R. Winton

All Dissertations

This dissertation explores how markets and producers respond to environmental risks that are becoming more severe due to climate change. It is comprised of two essays that empirically quantify the economic impacts of two water-related risks: storm surge flooding and groundwater depletion. In the first chapter, I estimate the price differentials associated with single-family homes in hurricane evacuation zones in Miami-Dade County, Florida, using two near-miss hurricanes as a source of exogenous information. The second chapter estimates the impacts of groundwater depletion, as captured through declining well capacity, on irrigation decisions in the Colorado portion of the Republican River Basin.

Essays On Trade Policy, Ward Reesman

All Dissertations

This dissertation consists of two essays on international trade and trade policy, focusing on a quantitative evaluation of the causes and consequences of trade barriers and economic integration. In the first essay, I examine the role of a widely-used discriminatory trade barrier in shaping dynamic trade patterns of exporters across a range of affected and unaffected export markets. In the next chapter, I explore the heterogeneous economic determinants impacting the formation of economic integration agreements among countries, paying specific attention to the role of bilateral migration flows.

The first chapter estimates the dynamic trade effects of temporary trade barriers (TTBs), …

Gender Equity In Labor Market Opportunities And Aggregate Technical Efficiency: A Case Of Equity Promoting Efficiency, Gautam Hazarika, Maroula Khraiche, Levent Kutlu

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

This study applies a panel data stochastic frontier analysis to country data towards examining the effect of gender equity in labor market opportunities upon efficiency in the production of GDP. It finds that aggregate technical efficiency is improved by a widening of women’s labor market opportunities as indicated by a rise in their share of employment, but that this effect is dampened by patriarchal cultural norms whose strength is measured by the proportion of the population tracing its ancestry to ethnic groups who adopted the plough as an agricultural implement. That aggregate technical efficiency rises in women’s share of employment …

Essays On High-Frequency Financial Econometric, Qiyuan Li

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This dissertation consists of three papers contributing to the theory of estimation and inference of high-frequency financial data. In the second chapter, a general framework is introduced for optimal nonparametric spot volatility estimation based on intraday range data, comprised of the first, highest, lowest, and last prices over a given time interval. Employing a decisiontheoretic approach together with a coupling-type argument, the form of the nonparametric estimator is directly tailored to the specific volatility measure of interest and the relevant loss function. The resulting new optimal estimators offer substantial efficiency gains compared to existing commonly used range-based procedures. The third …

Regulatory Protection And The Role Of International Cooperation, Yuan Mei

Research Collection School Of Economics

I develop a general equilibrium framework to analyze the welfare consequences of product regulations and their international harmonization. In my model, raising product standards reduces a negative consumption externality, but also increases the marginal and fixed costs of production. When product standards are set noncooperatively, the effects of standards on other countries' wages and number of firms are not internalized, giving rise to an international inefficiency. The World Trade Organization's nondiscrimination principle of national treatment only partly addresses this inefficiency. Welfare losses from abandoning national treatment average 2.8%, whereas the maximum welfare gains from efficient cooperation average 11.8%.

Allocating Vehicle Registration Permits, Massimiliano Landi, Domenico Menicucci

Research Collection School Of Economics

We compare social welfare, consumer surplus and profits in two different institutional settings in which an item whose quantity is fixed and controlled (vehicle registration permit) is allocated to the buyers of a complementary good (car). In the first setting, which resembles the way in which vehicle registration permits are allocated in Singapore, the central planner runs a uniform price auction for permits in which the consumers who bid the highest receive the permits and pay the highest losing bid. Then each winning consumer purchases a car from a seller. In the alternative setting, the central planner first allocates the …

The Catalyst For Preservation: Assessing The Impact Of Historic Tax Credit Leverage On Surrounding Property Values In The State Of South Carolina, John Sutton

All Theses

The historic rehabilitation tax credit, in its many forms, is the single greatest driver of historic preservation investment in the United States. Despite this, very little research has been done regarding the secondary effects of historic tax credit leverage. The goal of this thesis is to assess the impact that substantial historic tax credit projects have had on the value of the properties that surround them in the state of South Carolina. Property tax assessment records were solicited from three different county governments within South Carolina to analyze the change in the assessed value induced by the introduction of tax …

Heat And Observed Economic Activity In The Rich Urban Tropics, Eric Fesselmeyer, Haoming. Liu, Alberto. Salvo, Rhita P B. Simorangkir

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

We use space-and-time resolved mobility data to assess how heat impacts Singapore, a rich city-state and arguably a harbinger of what is to come in the urbanizing tropics. Singapore’s offices, factories, malls, buses, and trains are widely air conditioned, its public schools less so. We document increased attendance and commuting to workplaces, malls, and the more air-conditioned schools on hotter relative to cooler days, particularly by low-income residents with limited use of adaptive technologies at home. Investment by rich cities may attenuate heat’s pervasive negative consequences on productive outcomes, yet this may worsen the climate emergency in the long run.

Community Development In Stann Creek, Belize, Connor O'Neill

Economics Undergraduate Honors Theses

This research attempts to understand the inner workings of community development by taking part in ongoing development projects in Belize. Through collaboration with existing government entities, we took part in meetings, surveys, and site visits to gather the data necessary for the development projects. These projects consisted of finding cost of production, collecting market research, and constructing business plans. During our time, we experienced multiple difficulties similar to those that developers consistently encounter. Ultimately, we gained valuable insight into procedures involved in community development, as well as being able to aid in ongoing development work.

Exploring Diversity, Discrimination, And Performance Dynamics, George Agyeah

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation utilizes empirical and experimental approaches to investigate the multifaceted factors that affect decision-making in economic contexts. The three chapters place a particular focus on group affiliation, perceived discrimination, and the gender gap in entrepreneurship. The first chapter explores the impact of team diversity on economic decision-making within a dynamic context. Through a series of laboratory experiments involving participants randomly assigned to teams, the study examines how team diversity influences individual behavior and performance. Results indicate that team diversity significantly affects individual behavior, with newcomers being particularly influenced by the diversity of the team they join. The findings underscore …

Bidding Strategy For A Wind Power Producer In Us Energy And Reserve Markets, Anne Stratman

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Wind power is one of the world's fastest-growing renewable energy resources and has expanded quickly within the US electric grid. Currently, wind power producers (WPPs) may sell energy products in US markets but are not allowed to sell reserve products, due to the uncertain and intermittent nature of wind power. However, as wind’s share of the power supply grows, it may eventually be necessary for WPPs to contribute to system-wide reserves. This paper proposes a stochastic optimization model to determine the optimal offer strategy for a WPP that participates in the day-ahead and real-time energy and spinning reserve markets. The …

Expanding The Access To Kidney Transplantation: Strategies For Kidney Transplant Programs, Angie Nishio Lucar, Ankita Patel, Shikha Mehta, Anju Yadav, Mona Doshi, Megan Urbanski, Beatrice Concepcion, Neeraj Singh, M. Lee Sanders, Arpita Basu, Jessica Harding, Ana Rossi, Oluwafisayo Adebiyi, Milagros Samaniego-Picota, Kenneth Woodside, Ronald Parsons

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Kidney transplantation is the most successful kidney replacement therapy available, resulting in improved recipient survival and societal cost savings. Yet, nearly 70 years after the first successful kidney transplant, there are still numerous barriers and untapped opportunities that constrain the access to transplant. The literature describing these barriers is extensive, but the practices and processes to solve them are less clear. Solutions must be multidisciplinary and be the product of strong partnerships among patients, their networks, health care providers, and transplant programs. Transparency in the referral, evaluation, and listing process as well as organ selection are paramount to build such …

Fear Of China's Economic Power: Media And Party Affiliation On Public Opinion, Cloe Hughes

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

The United States and China are the world’s two greatest economic rivals. The US-China trade war–which started in 2018–is a result of this battle for economic hegemony and has raged on for the past six years. While trade decisions are ultimately up to policymakers, public opinion is a large factor in international policy decisions, and American biases against the Chinese may adversely affect both the American and Chinese economies. In this paper, I will examine how factors including media consumption and partisanship impact American attitudes towards China’s economy overtaking the United States’ economy. Previous research has studied the effects of …

Charting The History Of Social And Economic Analyses In The North-East Atlantic, Ospar, Region: Lessons Learned And Future Opportunities, Rob Van Der Veeren, Philip A.S. James, Maria G. Alarcon Blazquez, Xander Keijser

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

Over the past decade, the North-East Atlantic region has witnessed a substantial increase in social and economic analyses related to ocean and coastal management. This article offers a comprehensive overview of this progress, focusing on the work of the International Cooperation Group - Economics and Social Analysis (ICG-ESA) within the OSPAR Commission. While highlighting ICG-ESA's contributions to the OSPAR Quality Status Report 2023, the paper underscores the necessity of integrating social analyses into OSPAR's decision-making processes. It calls for sustained efforts to prevent regression in the achieved progress, stressing the importance of accountability and collaboration among OSPAR and its contracting …

How Higher Education Responds To Labor Market Demand, Johnathan G. Conzelmann, Steven W. Hemelt, Brad J. Hershbein, Shawn Martin, Andrew Simon, Kevin M. Stange

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

How Major Tech Firms Used Illegal “No-Poach” Agreements To Control Workers’ Salaries, Matthew Gibson

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Mandatory Credit Allocation And Government Guarantee In The Philippines, Luis F. Dumlao

Economics Department Faculty Publications

Mandatory credit allocation is a policy intervention to pressure banks to lend to certain sectors that otherwise unfettered finance would not give access to. While some would argue that mandatory credit allocation results in sub-optimal allocation of resources, it has been shown that such intervention results is socially desirable outcome. However, mandatory credit allocation should not be the responsibility of banks only, it must be supported with government guarantees. In the Philippines, there are three sectors in which mandatory credit allocation is given namely the agriculture sector, the micro, small and medium enterprises or MSME sector, and enterprises involved in …

Feminist Political Ecology In The Classroom, Ella J. Yeigh

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

As the effects of climate change are being felt more frequently, discussions on how to combat such a massive issue are increasingly prevalent. Finding solutions to the climate crisis requires an understanding of how mainstream economic systems have led to the climate crisis and using these same principles to get out of the climate crisis is misguided. Economic actions have inherent value biases that have real political effects. Feminist Political Ecology (FPE) as a theoretical model presents a better understanding of how values that are inherent in economic models such as reliance on efficiency, markets, and continual economic growth have …

Epidemiology Of Bruxism And Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (Tmd) In Iranian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Parviz Amini, Maryam Sharifi, Reyhane Aftabi, Fatemeh Jahanimoghadam, Hamidreza Jahanimoghadam

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: The prevalence of bruxism in the literature has been reported differently. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of bruxism in patients aged 25–40 who were referred to Kerman Dental School. Methods: This analytical descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 320 patients referred to the Department of Oral Medicine of Kerman Dentistry Faculty in the age range of 25 to 40 years old. The prevalence of bruxism as well as TMJ disorders were evaluated. Data were collected in a questionnaire and entered into SPSS version 24. Analyzing was done by a chi-square test at …

Investigation Of The Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Anxiety Levels And Career Satisfaction Of Dentistry Students, Furkan Kır, Ata Batuhan Bayrak, Mediha Büyükgöze-Dindar

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the anxiety levels and career satisfaction of dentistry students. Methods: A total of 220 dentistry students were included in the study. A questionnaire was mailed to dentistry students at Trakya University between June 2021 and January 2022. Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to evaluate anxiety levels. Data were analyzed, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean BAI scores of the participants were 14.6 ± 13.6. The anxiety levels of the females were significantly higher than the males (p = 0.004). There was a significant relationship …

Essays On Industrial Organization, Hayley Wabiszewski

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Big pharma is increasingly using acquisitions to fill their R&D pipelines and the proliferation of the biotechnology industry has created a thick market of innovative target startups. This dissertation analyzes the dynamic equilibrium effects of biotech startup acquisitions by big pharma on drug innovation and entry. Using a novel dataset on 175 acquired startups from 2000 - 2018, I document several new facts regarding the R&D outcomes of acquired drug projects and entry behavior of startups in markets where acquisitions occur. Motivated by this evidence, I build a dynamic oligopoly model of the pharmaceutical industry featuring big firms and startups …

Understanding The Influences Of Hedonic Personality Towards Advertising Avoidance On Social Media, Diera Desmonda, So Yohanes Jimmy, Mohammad Annas

The South East Asian Journal of Management

Research Aims: This study aims to investigate and explore how the hedonic personality that exists in each individual can influence avoidance behaviour towards advertisements on social media platforms.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative approach with a purposive sampling technique was employed to collect data from 198 respondents who have shopped or at least searched for products on social media. The data were then analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique.

Research Findings: The results showed that hedonic personality affected advertising avoidance behaviour. Through multigroup analysis, this research found differences in how men and women respond to an advertisement. On the other …

Disparities In Housing Affordability By Income, Housing Tenure, And Race In Us Census-Designated Regions, Jeffery S. Bredthauer, Javed Iqbal, Christopher Decker

Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology

This analysis demonstrates that there are significant regional disparities in housing affordability among US Census-designated regions, with the Northeast and West consistently bearing the highest costs. Over time, the burdens incurred by both owners and tenants have lessened, but renters' burdens have grown considerably. Furthermore, significant regional differences in severely cost-burdened households are highlighted. The Northeast has more severely cost-burdened households than the Midwest, South, or West. There are also significant ethnic differences: Asian Americans experience a slightly lower housing cost burden, while African Americans and Native Americans bear the greatest burden, followed by Hispanics. To address these problems, legislative …