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Three Essays In Healthcare Economics And Policy Analysis, Tuyen Pham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation research consists of three essays on healthcare economics and policy analysis. Chapter 1 investigates and explains the failure of a proposition on limiting dialysis clinic profits in California in 2018. The proposition would have required dialysis clinics to issue refunds to patients or their payers for revenue that exceeds 115% of the direct cost of treatment. In this chapter, a conceptual framework of how voters weigh costs and benefits is developed and two different empirical approaches, simple OLS and Double Post LASSO, are employed to identify key determinants of the voting outcome. The empirical results suggest that counties …

The Leveling Spirit: Violence And Inequality In Postwar Iraq, Griffin Perrault

Honors Theses

The Iraq War (2003–2011) constitutes by some estimates one of the deadliest and most destructive conflicts of the 21st century (Hagopian et al., 2013). In addition to the disputed figures of excess violent civilian casualties––generally ranging from 180,000 to 210,000 deaths––the war has created one of the major refugee crises of modern times, with 1 in 25 Iraqis estimated to have been displaced from their homes by the 2003 invasion (Costs of War, 2021). While much of this violence has been wrought by American and Iraqi coalition troops, violence against civilians has also been perpetuated by insurgent groups and paramilitary …

Graduating Greener: Analysis Of A Non-Price Intervention To Encourage Pro-Environmental Behavior Among College Students, Jillie Santos

Honors Theses

According to the Yale Program on Climate Communication, a majority of Americans report worrying about climate change, yet the proportion of Americans who discuss climate change often with friends and family is around half of the worried percentage. This discrepancy illustrates a habit of climate avoidance and climate inaction. Drawing upon psychology and human-centered design, I assisted Dr. Michael A. Smyer in developing Graduating Greener, a workshop aimed at disrupting climate avoidance and promoting pro-environmental behavior through a sequence of social, environmentally-based activities. In this thesis, I investigate concepts from the field of behavioral economics which inform and align with …

Where Girls Rule The World: Lessons For Pakistan In The Bangladeshi Educational Phenomenon, Chanze Ahsan

Honors Theses

In tune with the UN's Sustainable Development Goal and the widespread acceptance of education as a fundamental human right, the deprivation of female education in Pakistan presents an alarming assault on its female population. With this, the historical accident that was the separation of Pakistan and Bangladesh serves as a natural experiment into differences between the countries before and after partition. Despite facing two colonizations, Bangladesh has emerged on the other side of history with promising results regarding the elimination of gender disparities in education. How has it managed to do so? And what can Pakistan learn from its journey? …

Does Pesticide Regulation Impact The Export Competitiveness Of Major Global Cocoa Producers?, Olaide Akin-Olagunju, Abiodun Falusi, Sulaiman Yusuf, Victor Okoruwa

Journal of African Trade

Abstract Several methods are used to evaluate competitiveness, but the non-inclusion of quality measures, despite their importance in international product markets, gives less credence to such assessments. This study evaluates export competitiveness in the cocoa sector from the context of pesticide regulations. Such regulations are now increasingly common, due to their perceived benefits for humans, animals, and the environment. The results of our study show that cocoa-exporting countries stand to derive more earnings if standards are harmonized at the Codex level. Adherence to international standards, as reflected in large standard-scaled trade values, enhances competitiveness: yet compliance capacity must be matched …

The Case Of Singapore, Hwee Kwan Chow, Kong Weng Ho

Research Collection School of Economics

The economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on Singapore was more severe and protracted than the global financial crisis. Singapore responded with easing of the monetary policy stance, reinforcing financial stability, helping individuals to reduce debt obligations, easing business cashflow constraints, adjusting financial regulatory and supervisory protocols to cope with immediate challenges, and enabling the financial sectors to build long-term capabilities. Fiscal responses were unprecedented with four consecutive budgets and two ministerial statements, initially focusing on immediate assistance in respect of jobs, businesses, households, and later refined to providing more sector-specific assistance as the pandemic evolved with more detailed information …

In My Backyard: Bioregional Communities As A Climate Mitigation Strategy, Zoe Johnston

Capstone Showcase

The urgency of the climate crisis requires an immediate revisioning of our society in order to mitigate the worst environmental consequences. This paper explores one possible climate mitigation strategy, bioregionalism, a theoretical vision of re-localizing economies and defining their reach by natural boundaries (Curtis 2003; Cato 2011). This idea of relocalization emerges from an understanding that globalized capitalism has exacerbated, if not engendered, the climate crisis. Local communities represent an alternative method of organizing in which people are more directly connected to the land that they live on. One major critique of bioregionalism, made by Albo (2007) and Hahnel (2007), …

The Cost-Effectiveness And Feminization Of The Human Papillomavirus Vaccine, Audrey Jammes

Scripps Senior Theses

Approved in 2006, the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine provided a medical breakthrough in combating cancer by inoculating first female and then male adolescents in 2010. In 2016, a new HPV vaccine was approved for all adolescents. However, it is the most expensive vaccine created in the United States and its female centered prescription led to debates regarding the vaccine’s necessity and risks. For the STS portion of this paper, analysis of the language in the vaccine’s prescriptions from 2006, 2010, and 2016 demonstrates two implicit assumptions regarding female health built into the vaccine’s rollout. Comparison of the two assumptions to …

Eigenvalue Ii, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Eigenvalue II by Anwar Shaikh (unpublished work).
• Lahr, M. (2021, September 13). Economic Systems Research final review correspondence. (Unpublished manuscript correspondence).
• Shaikh, A. (2022, June 12). Manuscript revision notes for Economic Systems Research. (Unpublished manuscript note).
• Caldwell, B. (2021, February 16). Biographical statement: Bruce Caldwell. (Unpublished seminar introduction).
• Hamilton, J. R., & Jensen, R. C. (1983). Summary measures of interconnectedness for input-output models. Environment and Planning A, 15(1), 55–65. Pion.
• Shaikh, A. (2021, March 3). From power law to stretched exponential. (Unpublished manuscript note).
• Shaikh, A. (2021, March 2). Eigenvalue paper …

Scholarly Activity Among Economists At Liberal Arts Colleges: A Life Cycle Analysis, Jenny Bourne, Nathan Grawe, Michael Hemesath, Maya Jensen

Department of Economics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Disparate Financial Assistance Support For Small Business Owners, Sophia Fox-Dichter, Daniel Auguste, Mathieu Despard, Michal Grinstein-Weiss

Social Policy Institute Research

Small business owners experienced a drastic economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Government pandemic assistance failed to reach many small business owners, especially those historically underserved by financial institutions. Drawing on a 2021 survey of 246 small business owners, the Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis descriptively examined the extent to which small business owners sought and received business assistance, and whether applications and approval of government assistance varied by race and ethnicity. We find that though Hispanic and Black business owners applied for government assistance at a higher rate than white business owners, Black business …

The Impact Of Paid Sick Leave Laws On Consumer And Business Bankruptcies, Michelle Miller

Economics Faculty Works

This paper examines how missed income due to illness impacts household fragility. Specifically, it shows that paid sick leave laws, which provide households insurance against illness-related income shocks, reduce consumer bankruptcy. Using a panel dataset at the county-quarter level, this paper exploits the geographic and temporal variation in the adoption of paid sick leave laws to implement a difference-in-differences and event study analysis. It finds that paid sick leave laws reduce consumer bankruptcy filings by approximately 11%; this effect is seen within three quarters of the law’s implementation and remains constant in magnitude and significance thereafter. As paid sick leave …

Mandatory Schooling Of Girls Improved Their Children’S Health: Evidence From Turkey’S 1997 Education Reform, Bahadır Dursun, Resul Cesur, Inas R. Kelly

Economics Faculty Works

This study examines the impact of mandatory maternal education on child health in Turkey, where a non-trivial fraction of families restricted their daughters’ schooling due to social and cultural barriers. The analysis employs two large data sets and exploits a quasi-experiment involving an education reform that increased compulsory schooling. Results show that an increase in mother's schooling improves child health at birth (as measured by factors such as low birth weight and premature birth) and lowers child mortality. The current study on the intergenerational benefits of compulsory schooling arguably provides the strongest evidence supporting the argument that mandatory female education …

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 6, Number 1, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

'Indirect Pathways Into Practice': Philippine Internationally Educated Nurses And Their Entry Into Ontario's Nursing Profession, Lualhati Marcelino

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

While there are several studies that highlight the quantitative and statistical profiles of internationally educated nurses (IENs) from the Philippines who migrate to countries throughout Asia, the Middle East, Europe, the United States and Canada, there is little research that delves deeply into the qualitative review and analysis of their experiences in their own words. This study addresses that gap by applying the transnational feminist concept of “global care chains” in a single case study design that explores the experience of nurses who migrated to Ontario through permanent and temporary immigration streams and were interviewed in 2011 to 2012 to …

ผลกระทบของการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาล ที่มีต่อมูลค่าบริษัทที่จดทะเบียนในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย, พชรพล ศุขอร่าม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาในครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลกระทบของการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาล ที่มีต่อมูลค่าบริษัท อัตราผลตอบแทนจากสินทรัพย์รวม อัตราผลตอบแทนต่อส่วนของผู้ถือหุ้น และต้นทุนเงินทุนถัวเฉลี่ยถ่วงน้ำหนักของบริษัทที่จดทะเบียนในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย โดยเก็บข้อมูลจากงบการเงินของบริษัทในดัชนี SET 100 ระหว่างปี พ.ศ. 2558 – 2562 รวมจำนวนทั้งสิ้น 240 กลุ่มตัวอย่าง ประกอบด้วยชุดข้อมูลของ 48 บริษัทจำนวน 5 ปี ใช้การวิเคราะห์สถิติเชิงพรรณนาและสถิติเชิงอนุมานในการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล ผลการศึกษาพบว่า การเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาลที่เพิ่มขึ้นส่งผลกระทบให้มูลค่าบริษัทและอัตราผลตอบแทนจากสินทรัพย์รวมมีค่าเพิ่มขึ้น นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาลที่เพิ่มขึ้น ทั้งภาพรวมและแต่ละองค์ประกอบยังส่งผลกระทบให้ต้นทุนเงินทุนถัวเฉลี่ยถ่วงน้ำหนักของบริษัทลดลง ดังนั้นผลการศึกษาในครั้งนี้จึงเป็นการสนับสนุนให้บริษัทมีการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาลมากขึ้น เนื่องจากบริษัทที่เปิดเผยข้อมูลมักถูกมองว่ามีความรับผิดชอบต่อสังคมและสิ่งแวดล้อม ช่วยเสริมภาพลักษณ์ให้แก่บริษัทและดึงดดูนักลงทุนได้ ยิ่งไปกว่านั้น การเปิดเผยข้อมูลยังส่งผลให้บริษัทมีความเสี่ยงที่ลดลง มีอันดับความน่าเชื่อถือที่ดีขึ้นส่งผลให้ต้นทุนทางการเงินลดลง อีกนัยหนึ่งคือมีมูลค่าบริษัทที่เพิ่มขึ้น

Political Regimes, Labor Markets, And Equity In Myanmar, Ohmar Khine

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Myanmar’s military coup d’état on February 1, 2021 started yet another government wholly controlled by the military dictatorship that has governed the country for the past 54 of 75 years after the independence from the British Empire in 1948. This thesis research deals with the effect of the past military government on Myanmar economy. The overall goal of this thesis is to examine the impacts of the military government on occupational options relating to historical events and other factors that influenced labor markets in Myanmar and, specifically, the equality among various citizens. The first section of the thesis deals with …

Fdi Spillover Channels On Chinese Provincial Economic Growth, Yiqing Wang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

China has been opened to the world over several years and make great success in economic growth. Most of the previous literatures have analyzed the determinants of economic growth and the effect of FDI on economic growth in China. However, seldom of them analyze the relationship of FDI and its spillover effect on economic growth through R&D and human capital channels using provincial data. The study employs provincial panel data during period 2006-2018 to estimate the relationship of FDI, FDI spillover from R&D and human capital, R&D, and human capital on economic growth under the consideration of Special economic Zone …

Editor's Note, Marites Tiongco

DLSU Business & Economics Review

No abstract provided.

Small Area Estimates Of Poverty In Region Iii, Caesar B. Cororaton, Arlene B. Inocencio, Alellie B. Sobreviñas, Emmanuel Dc. Barnedo

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Official estimates of the Philippine Statistical Authority (PSA) poverty incidence prior to 2018 are reliable up to the regional level as these are consistent with the sampling domain of the data used for estimation. Below this level, the PSA poverty estimates are unreliable because of very large sampling errors. The high level of unreliability makes the estimates less useful for poverty policy targeting. This paper addresses this concern by combining the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) and the Census of Population and Housing (CPH) data and using an increasingly accepted technique for small area estimation (SAE). We estimate the …

A Light Purse Is A Heavy Curse: A Systematic Review, Evan Lau, Suzie Adee

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The high level and rising cost in living standard conditions are affecting the individual’s and household’s savings behavior vividly in their day to day life. The general concern arises when individuals fail to address their retirement planning, problem that might affect the next generation. The need to boost financial knowledge and nurture savings behavior are essential to financial planning for retirement well-being. This current research establishes the understanding of how financial literacy influences savings habits for retirement well-being. Systematic review analysis was conducted, traced and implemented on academic databases from the period of 2006 to 2021. A total of 280 …

Impact Of Cooperative Membership On Technical Efficiency And Marketing Efficiency: The Case Of Dairy Buffalo Farmers In The Philippines, Ceptryl S. Mina, Agham C. Cuevas

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Collective action by smallholder farmers through cooperative membership is regarded as one of the approaches to overcome production and marketing inefficiencies. This study investigates the impact of cooperative membership on the technical efficiency (TE) and marketing efficiency (ME) of dairy buffalo farmers in the Philippines. A total of 351 (249 cooperative members and 102 non-cooperative members) randomly selected farmers from Regions II, III, IV-A, and VII were interviewed. Using cross-sectional farm household data of dairy buffalo farmers, technical and marketing efficiencies were estimated. Linear regression with endogenous treatment was performed to determine the impact of cooperative membership on the TE …

The Nexus Of Climate Change, Biodiversity, And Food Security: A Brazil Case Study, Andrew M. Berger

Dissertations and Theses

What is referred to as climate change today is the rapid warming of the climate, largely from human actions, and the effects that come with that warming. One study published by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in 2021 argues that, “human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases have caused increases in global average temperatures, changes in precipitation timing and intensity, rising sea levels, and many other changes.” A Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) study found that when looking at the number of countries exposed to climate extremes in five year periods from 2000 to 2020, the number of countries “exposed …

Cafos And Surface Water Quality: Evidence From Wisconsin, Zach Raff, Andrew G. Meyer

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) – animal feeding operations with over 1,000 animal units in confined spaces – have proliferated over the past 30 years in the United States. CAFOs provide operational cost savings, but higher animal concentrations in confined spaces can generate external costs, e.g., non-point source water pollution. In this study, we improve on previous research designs to estimate the relationship between the growth in CAFOs and surface water quality using longitudinal data on a large spatial scale. We use a panel dataset from 1995-2017 that links CAFO intensity with nearby surface water quality readings in Wisconsin to …

Reinventing Opportunities For Argentina: Vista Oil And Gas, Emiliano Cabrera

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

In the last century, Argentina faced an astonishing economic downturn that remains until today, frustrating all who learn its economic history, explore the country's potential, and stay in tune with its political-economic present. This research examines Argentina's economic history, revises the main drivers that signed its economic drama, and proposes guidelines to address new opportunities by encouraging its private sector. By using Vista Oil and Gas as an exemplary case, this work proposes Vista's business model as an initiative perfectly compatible with the primary macroeconomic needs that Argentina currently has that should be highly considered for developing its private sector. …

The Impact Of Immigration On Unemployment And Wages In The United States: Evidence From Seven States, Carol Ohenewa Bruce-Tagoe

Masters Theses

Immigration and Immigration policies have been a source of debate for political parties in the United States, especially its impact on the labor market. This research investigates how immigration affects unemployment and wages in the U.S. by using a balanced panel dataset of seven states from 2007 to 2019. The states (California, New York, Florida, Texas, New Jersey, Illinois, and Massachusetts) sampled recorded the highest immigrant population and contain key gateway cities. I estimate two models: unemployment growth rate, and wages growth rate. The results of the pooled OLS estimation confirm that immigration has a trivial impact on the U.S. …

Purpose Built Communities: A Concentrated Urban Poverty Intervention, Shannon R. Bergman

Theses and Dissertations

This collective case study research evaluated how the concentrated urban poverty revitalization model administered by Purpose Built Communities (PBC) works to mitigate or eliminate intergenerational poverty and create thriving neighborhoods. There are 5 elements to the PBC revitalization model: (a) mixed-income housing, (b) a cradle-to-college educational accountability system, (c) focus on community health, (d) a tightly defined geographic neighborhood, and (e) the assignment of a Community Quarterback (CQ). This research demonstrated iterative improvements in the socioeconomic well-being of adults and children from the inception of the revitalized community. This was evaluated by adult employment rates, childhood educational achievement, and health …

Three Essays Examining The Impact Of Paid Maternity Leave Offers On Women’S Labor Market Outcomes, Murshed Jahan

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation consists of three essays on the relationship between paid maternity leave benefit offers and different labor market outcomes of women of childbearing age. The first essay examines the impact of paid maternity leave offers in fringe benefit packages on wages of this particular group of women. Since the access to paid maternity leave and wage can be simultaneously determined by other factors, this essay uses an instrumental variable approach to estimate the effect. The information on access to paid maternity leave and other covariates for this analysis is extracted from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97). …

Three Essays Examining The Effects Of Labor Market Conditions On College Enrollment And Completion, Dezhi Jiang

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This research explores the causal effects of labor market conditions on college enrollment and attainment of high school graduates and answers the following questions: Does leaving high school in unfavorable labor market conditions cause a higher probability of college enrollment? Is this effect different between gender and across racial/ethnic groups? Does this effect vary regarding cognitive ability? Does this effect change over cohorts/generations? And does the positive effect on college enrollment in the short run translate into a positive effect on college degree attainment later?

The analysis that uses the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) data suggests that …

Effect Of Cash Transfer On Household Fertility Choice And Children's Human Capital Accumulation In Uganda, Shaila Ahmed

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This analysis examines the effects of conditional and unconditional cash transfer on household fertility decisions and other indicators of human capital accumulation. To test my hypotheses, I rely on the UCT and CCT sub-arms of the Cash-Plus Program recently implemented in Uganda. The design of the Cash-Plus Program follows randomized control trials for intervention. My empirical findings show that the Cash-Plus Program have no discernible impact on beneficiary households' pregnancy incidence. The only effect on the primary outcomes of interest is a marginally significant effect for household heads aged 25 to 49, who received unconditional treatments. The results also show …