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Prospects Of Agricultural Entrepreneurship Among Resource Limited Farmers In The Central Appalachian Tobacco Belt, M’Kiaira Kimathi Miriti, Eric Scorsone

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

Agricultural entrepreneurship is receiving heightened attention as a potential means for economic revitalization of communities adversely affected by changes in the agricultural sector. In particular, resource limited farmers in the Appalachian region of the United States have been hit by major changes in the tobacco industry. Very little is known about resource limited farmers respond to changing industry conditions and policy attempts to remedy structural change. Recently, the Commonwealth of Kentucky has attempted to assist farmers in adopting new farmbased enterprises to expand their income base. However, it is unclear about the factors that drive entrepreneurial or diversification activities among …

Size Matters: Why Managers Should Pursue Corporate Growth, Even At The Expense Of Shareholder Value, John Dobson

Finance

No abstract provided.

No. 13: The Rise Of African Tourism To South Africa, Jonathan Crush, Vincent Williams

Southern African Migration Programme

South Africans display considerable ambiguity if not outright hostility towards Africans from other countries (Crush 2000). The extent of xenophobia was officially recognized in the Immigration Act of 2002 which gives government a statutory obligation to eliminate the phenomenon in its own ranks and amongst the citizenry. Foreign Africans in South Africa are regularly stereotyped as criminals, job-stealers, consumers of scarce public resources and carriers of disease. There is very little recognition of the positive economic benefits of the presence of other Africans in the country.

Africans come to South Africa for a variety of purposes and this needs to …

The 2002 Downturn In State Revenues: A Comparative Review And Analysis, J. Fred Giertz, Seth H. Giertz

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

We analyze the behavior of state revenues since the early 1950s to determine the severity of the revenue declines experienced by states after the 2001 recession. Both total state revenues for the nation and state–level data for each state are studied. We conclude that the states were indeed hit with an unprecedented downturn in revenues—unlike anything that had been experienced in the preceding half–century. Further and contrary to general perceptions, revenue increases in the years preceding the downturn were not particularly strong compared to revenue increases in the years leading up to previous recessions. We further conclude that most proposed …

Knowledge Flows And Economic Development Through Microenterprise Collaboration In Third-Sector Communities, Raymond M. Jones, Roger J. Kashlak, Audra M. Jones

New England Journal of Entrepreneurship

"The U.N. once dealt only with governments. By now we know that peace and prosperity cannot be achieved without partnership involving governments, international organizations, the business community and civil society. In today’s world we depend on each other.” Kofi Annan, UN Secretary (1999).

As emphasized by Secretary Annan’s quote, the global community is increasingly concerned with economic development and promotion of democracies is focusing on developing programs to stimulate partnerships among three distinct sectors: government sector, civil society and private sector, including locally based and international entrepreneurs. The modern organization is becoming increasingly informed in its strategies and practices by …

Does The Adoption Of "Economic Value Added" Improve Corporate Performance?, Matthew Louis Bell

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Determining how to properly measure corporate performance is one of the most important problems in contemporary corporate finance. Without a sound mechanism to evaluate managerial performance, a corporation's management has no adequate standard to be judged by. This can destroy the firm's value very quickly through poor managerial decisions. For this reason, managers need to be evaluated and compensated based on a performance measure that truly demonstrates the changes in a company's value. The interests of executives and shareholders do not always coincide, as can be seen through many of the current corporate scandals. Thus, it is almost universally argued …

The Expansion Of Texas Tech University School Of Medicine: Economic Impact On El Paso, Texas Over 2004-2013, David A. Schauer, Dennis L. Soden, David Coronado

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

No. 12: Nepad, The City And The Migrant: Implications For Urban Governance, Caroline Kihato

Southern African Migration Programme

Migration is a growing phenomenon internationally. Between 1960 and 2000 international migrants in Africa increased from 9 million to 16 million. Although Africa has experienced a drop in the number of international migrants over the last two decades, it has more than double the number of migrants than Latin America and the Caribbean, and between a half and a third of the number in Asia. Flows of people from country to country across the continent are increasingly significant. Migration between cities across the continent is becoming a common phenomenon, as households attempt to secure their livelihoods.

In addition to cross-border …

No. 30: Regionalizing Xenophobia? Citizen Attitudes To Immgration And Refugee Policy In Southern Africa, Jonathan Crush, Wade Pendleton

Southern African Migration Programme

The negative attitudes of South Africans towards non-citizens, migrants and refugees have been documented in several recent studies. Xenophobia has been officially recognized as a major problem by the state and steps have been taken by government and the South African Human Rights Commission to “roll back xenophobia.” Since anti-immigrant intolerance is a global phenomenon, should South Africans be singled out in this regard? This paper seeks to contextualize the South African situation by comparing the attitudes of South Africans with citizens from several other countries in the SADC; namely, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland and Zimbabwe.

In practical policy terms, …

Land For Maine's Future Program: Increasing The Return On A Sound Public Investment, Richard Barringer, Hugh Coxe, Jack Kartez, Catherine Reilly, Jonathan Rubin

Economics and Finance

Maine is nowhere a more special place than in the quality of its landscape and the traditions of its land use. Among the mo st privately-owned of all the states, Maine’s natural diversity and beauty combine with its traditions of resource stewardship, open access, and appreciation of nature to distinguish it in the public mind and national imagination. In recent decades, however, these traditions have come under assault from the forces of economic and social change; and the people of Maine have responded. In 1986, Governor Joseph Brennan’s Special Commission on Outdoor Recreation recognized the growing threats to Maine’s natur …

2004 American Incentive System Almanac, Don P. Diffine Ph.D.

Belden Center Monographs

No abstract provided.

Method For Constructing Commodity By Industry Flow Matrices, Randall Jackson, Walter R. Schwarm, Yasuhide Okuyama, Samia Islam

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

This paper describes the method used to construct an interregional Commodity by Industry Flow matrix for the United States. The interregional flow matrix method involves the construction of single-state (and DC) SAMs using data from IMPLAN. Once complete, the interregional flows connecting states are estimated using a method based on the Commodity Flow Survey data published by the Bureau of Transportations Statistics. The estimated interregional SAM is then adjusted to insure the integrity of intraregional and system-wide accounts. The procedures have been designed with the goal of ease of replicability, so that updates and extensions of the database can be …

Part 1: The Regional Economy Continues To Excel, Regional Studies Institute, Old Dominion University

State of the Region Reports: Hampton Roads

In 2004, the Hampton Roads economy will grow about 4.7 percent, the highest rate since 1987. Almost three-quarters of this growth is due to increased expenditures within the region by the Department of Defense. This illustrates the relative importance of defense expenditures in our regional economy.

Part 3: What Do We Believe? How Hampton Roads Residents View Their World, Regional Studies Institute, Old Dominion University

State of the Region Reports: Hampton Roads

We report the results of a stratified, random poll of 1,189 Hampton Roads residents. They believe that traffic congestion and crime are the most important problems facing the region. For the first time, we develop a Quality of Life Index for Hampton Roads and its individual cities and counties. Not surprisingly, we’re not all equally satisfied, and several interesting differences between cities are apparent.

Part 4: The Virginia Symphony Orchestra: The Valiant Struggles Of A Cultural Jewel, Regional Studies Institute, Old Dominion University

State of the Region Reports: Hampton Roads

The Virginia Symphony Orchestra (VSO) ranks well when compared to orchestras in regions of similar size and wealth, and in maestro JoAnn Falletta boasts a distinguished musical director. However, the symphony has accumulated a debt of approximately $2 million. Determined fund raising may reduce this debt, but the VSO’s ultimate challenge is to attract a larger and more diverse clientele. If it does not, it could join a half dozen other regional orchestras throughout the country that recently have been forced to contract significantly or even declare bankruptcy.

Economic Impact Of Proposed Town Centre At Cielo Vista, Mathew Mcelroy, Dennis L. Soden

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Evaluation Of The Cost Effectiveness Of Treating The Metabolic Syndrome In African Americans And The General Population, Joseph T. Tasosa

Masters Culminating Experiences (1993-2011)

The Metabolic Syndrome poses an important public health threat to the U.S. health care delivery system. Disparate access to quality health care makes African Americans (blacks) especially susceptible to the adverse effects of MS. Although direct evidence suggests that early treatment of MS risk factors saves lives, no study to date has compared the cost effectiveness of such measures in blacks and the general population. Interventions that promote early treatment of MS risk factors may improve public health but could also lead to excess costs that are ultimately borne by society. The objective of this study was to assess the …

Fear Assessment: Cost-Benefit Analysis And The Pricing Of Fear And Anxiety, Matthew D. Adler

Faculty Scholarship

Risk assessment is now a common feature of regulatory practice, but fear assessment is not. In particular, environmental, health and safety agencies such as EPA, FDA, OSHA, NHTSA, and CPSC, commonly count death, illness and injury as costs for purposes of cost-benefit analysis, but almost never incorporate fear, anxiety or other welfare-reducing mental states into the analysis. This is puzzling, since fear and anxiety are welfare setbacks, and since the very hazards regulated by these agencies - air or water pollutants, toxic waste dumps, food additives and contaminants, workplace toxins and safety threats, automobiles, dangerous consumer products, radiation, and so …

Trends And Comparisons In Higher Education Economics: How Has Kentucky Fared?, William Hoyt

CBER Research Report

No abstract provided.

Organizing In The Garment Industry In Mexico: Implications For New Social Movement Theory, Victoria Carty

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

This paper examines attempts to improve workers' rights in the Maquila Industry in Mexico by using two case studies. It analyzes the struggles that recently occurred at the Kukdong and Duro plants. The underlying question of the research is how to balance the co-existence of market economies with effective means to ensure adequate conditions for workers, and most importantly, ensuring their right to freedom of association. Under recent forms of global economic restructuring, the state is often unwilling or unable to uphold workers' rights. To combat the present form of corporate-driven global capitalism, workers in the South, in solidarity with …

Kentucky Annual Economic Report 2004, Eric C. Thompson, Glenn C. Blomquist, Devanathan Sudharshan, Roy A. Sigafus

Kentucky Annual Economic Report

No abstract provided.

Developing Integrated Object-Oriented Conception Of Geomarketing As A Tool For Promotion Of Regional Sustainable Development: The Case Study Of Ukraine, Volodymyr M. Anderson

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

In the paper we propose and discuss new vision of geomarketing as a tool for promotion of regional sustainable development. Integrated object-oriented conception of geomarketing was designed by adoption and elaboration of some new ideas and approaches, such as “place marketing”, “non-profit marketing”, “counter-marketing”, “collaborative spatial decision-making”, “endogenous regional development”, “regional sustainable development”, “public-private partnership”. We explore how geomarketing in such a comprehension may be implemented in business and public administration, regional development policy making on example of some Ukrainian firms, regional governments, and communities. The proposed geomarketing conception is based on integration of three different interpretations of geomarketing: 1) …

Manufacturing Pennsylvania’S Future: Regional Strategies That Build From Current Strengths And Address Competitive Challenges, Edward W. Hill

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

Deloitte Consulting, LLP, Cleveland State University, Jack Russell Associates, Inc. This study documents the role of manufacturing in Pennsylvania and analyzes the forces shaping the future of the industry. (Team PA Foundation, March 2004). Four goals drove the study: 1) Document the past and present importance of manufacturing to the Pennsylvania economy, 2) analyze the forces that will shape the possible futures of manufacturing in the state, 3) assess the economic impact and return on investment of the Industrial Resources Centers, and 4) identify actions to help achieve a dynamic and prosperous future for manufacturing.

Does Prison Harden Inmates? A Discontinuity-Based Approach, Keith M. Chen, Jesse M. Shapiro

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Some two million Americans are currently incarcerated, with roughly six hundred thousand to be released this year. Despite this, little is known about the effects of confinement conditions on the post-release lives of inmates. Focusing on post-release criminal activity, we identify the causal effect of prison conditions on recidivism rates by exploiting a discontinuity in the assignment of federal prisoners to security levels. We find that harsher prison conditions are associated with significantly more post-release crime.

Using Incentives To Encourage Aids Programs And Policies In The Workplace: A Study Of Feasibility And Impact In Thailand, Simon Baker, Srisuman Sartsara, Patchara Rumakom, Philip Guest, Katie D. Schenk, Anthony Pramualratana, Suparat Suksakulwat, Surachai Panakitsuwan, Sikarat Moonmeung

HIV and AIDS

A recently completed Horizons study in Thailand examined the question of how to encourage the private sector to become actively involved in developing and improving workplace HIV/AIDS programs. The study found that the AIDS-response Standard Organization (ASO) initiative mobilized a moderate proportion of different types of companies to develop and improve HIV/AIDS workplace policies and programs. The data also reveal that companies that were eligible for the insurance discount made the greatest improvements. Thus a financial incentive combined with efforts to tap into managers’ willingness to respond to the epidemic can be important motivators for certain companies to improve their …

An Economic Impact Study Of The Pennsylvania Section Of The Cove Point Expansion, Randall Jackson, Walter R. Schwarm

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

Dominion Resources, Inc. engaged the Regional Research Institute to determine the total economic impacts associated with pipeline construction and/or modernization proposals traversing several Pennsylvania jurisdictions. The proposed project represents an investment of approximately $200 million. The scope of this analysis consists of estimating varying economic effects including job creation and resulting personal income, output and fiscal or tax revenue impacts directly associated with both the operational and construction phases of the proposed Pipeline expansion project. We calculate the spill-over or multiplicative impacts that will arise from the proposed Pipeline project. Additionally, some attempt is made in this analysis to capture …

The Role Of Small Business In Economic Growth And Poverty Alleviation In West Virginia: An Empirical Analysis, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Randall Jackson

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

The main objective of the study is to empirically evaluate the critical roles of small businesses in economic growth and poverty alleviation in West Virginia. In OLS and 2SLS regression analysis a positive relationship exists between small business and economic growth. A strong inverse relationship also exists between the incidence of poverty and small business and economic growth. Thus, the empirical result establishes the linkage between small business, economic growth and the incidence of poverty.

All Party Oireachtas Committee On The Constitution Ninth Progress Report, Tom Dunne

Reports

Ireland, like many other countries with high rates of economic growth, is urbanising rapidly. There has been considerable emphasis on planning for this through the National Development Plan, the National Spatial Strategy, development guidelines and other measures. Through these the state intends that a proper planning process will lead growth rather than leaving it to market forces to drive development in what are regarded as undesirable directions. The latter it is feared will lead to unsuitable social, economic or physical outcomes. Unintended results have flowed from the implementation, or flawed implementation of many of these policies and have given rise …

Labor Exchange Policy In The United States, David E. Balducchi, Randall W. Eberts Editor, Christopher J. O'Leary Editor

Upjohn Press

This book describes the evolution of labor exchange policy in the United States, summarizes the major findings about the effectiveness of labor exchange services, and offers reflections on the future for labor exchange policy. In addition, the contributors provide an international perspective on job brokerage functions and a discussion on the appropriate role for governments in helping job seekers and employers make the proper job match.

Afdc, Ssi, And Welfare Reform Aggressiveness: Caseload Reductions Versus Caseload Shifting, Lucie Schmidt, Purvi Sevak

Economics: Faculty Publications

Welfare reform has made receipt of cash benefits more difficult and less attractive for single mothers. We examine whether reforms of AFDC affected caseloads of another program-Supplemental Security Income (SSI). We exploit state variation in welfare reform over time, and find that female-headed households in states aggressively pursuing welfare reform were 21.6 percent more likely to receive SSI. This implies that a decrease in caseloads in one program cannot be interpreted as an equal-sized decrease in the number of families receiving public assistance. In addition, our results have policy implications for the well-being of families affected by welfare reform time …