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Biotic Succession In A Douglas Fir Forest On Saddleback Mountain (Oregon Coast Range), Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds

Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds Documents

This grant proposal, submitted to the National Science Foundation in 1959 by Dr. Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds, requested funding to continue an ecological study at Saddleback Mountain. Dirks-Edmunds requested $15,570.05 to fund weekly trips with students to the site in order to collect meteorological and synecological data on the forest; she anticipated the project would last two years.

Dr. Dirks-Edmunds graduated from Linfield College in 1937; she returned to teach in the Biology department at Linfield from 1941-1974.

The Ecological Relationship Between The Occurrence Of Squirrel Leaf-Nests In Different Types Of Oak Forest Habitats, Ned E. Fogle, Chad L. Fogle

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Chlorophyll And Productivity In A Mountain River, William J. Mcconnell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Investigation of primary production in streams and rivers has lagged behind similar investigations in marine and lacustrine environments. Recently, however, Odum (1956) has demonstrated methods that allow the estimation of productivity of most moving waters. For reasons discussed later in this paper, Odum's method is not satisfactory for shallow, very rapid rivers as typified by Logan River. The present investigation then was primarily an exploration of a method possibly applicable to measurement of productivity in shallow rapid rivers.

Investigations of phases of the ecology and distribution of the main contributors to primary production, the benthic algae, was a necessary corollary …

4. Social Darwinism, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XV: Biology and the Rise of the Social Sciences

The singular impact of Darwin in fields other than biology can be attributed largely to one man, Herbert Spencer (1820- 1903). It was Spencer, not Darwin, who coined the expression "survival of the fittest." Although neglected today except by historians of the nineteenth century thought, Spencer's influence on his own time was so great that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes was able to wonder if "any writer of English except Darwin has done so much to affect our whole way of thinking about the universe." Herbert Spencer was born into a traditionally nonconformist English family of modest means. He refused a …

2. The Impact Of Darwinism On Religion, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XV: Biology and the Rise of the Social Sciences

The tremendous impact of evolution upon Western religious thought resulted in large part from the sweeping implications of the theory itself, which challenged the basic tenets of traditional dogma. It is difficult to understand the nature and intensity of the controversy that developed, however, if it is not understood that the challenge was given additional weight by the ascendency of science in the nineteenth century. In considering the influence of Darwin's findings on religion, as on other areas of thought, it should be kept in mind that the theory of evolution was presented to a world that was observing a …

1. Charles Darwin And Organic Evolution, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XV: Biology and the Rise of the Social Sciences

Evolution was not a new idea. The Greeks speculated on it. In the century before Darwin many different evolutionary theories were proposed, among them notable efforts by Buffon, Lamarck, and Goethe. Their common thread was the concept that the succession of biological changes in geological time represented a fact, if not a natural law. The stumbling block was for all of them, as it had been for Cuvier, the concept of fixed species, which clashed with the vision of a distant past populated with races of plants and animals now extinct. It became evident that the idea of fixed species …

3. Darwinism And The Rise Of Social Science, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XV: Biology and the Rise of the Social Sciences

The two areas of the social sciences which were more stimulated by Darwin's research were anthropology and sociology. The Frenchman, Auguste Comte (1798-1857), generally regarded as the father of sociology and the originator of that term, laid the groundwork for the immediate application of the law of evolution to the study of society. Comte's conception of sociology is derived from his philosophy of history. Sharing the Enlightenment belief in progress, Comte saw history evolving through three stages. The first was the theological stage, in which men supplied supernatural explanations for the natural and social phenomena. This was followed bu what …

5. Social Darwinism Reconsidered, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XV: Biology and the Rise of the Social Sciences

Although the contemporary reaction to the implications of evolution was generally one of long-term optimism, an antithetical reaction did exist. Seen in stark terms, evolutionary theories were depressing to those who, on religious or humanitarian grounds, found the reduction of life to an irrational and brutal struggle for existence disturbing and provocative. There was, however, an important body of thought which accepted Darwin's findings without embracing the social or ethical implications of Social Darwinism. Many who studied Darwin came to the conclusion that it was possible to concede that man is an animal, but an animal capable of moral and …

Field Techniques For Sexing And Aging Game Animals, Donald R. Thompson

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

The purpose of this booklet is to provide a ready field reference for identification, sexing and aging of common game species. It has purposely been kept in simplified form, presenting only those techniques which can commonly be applied in the field and avoiding those which would require special equipment and skills. Untrained personnel should be given demonstrations of the techniques, and thereafter this reference should serve as a reminder. It is not expected that the reference could successfully be used without such demonstration. Certain of the techniques such as cloaca! examination of waterfowl may require considerable practice by the individual. …

Effect Of Time Of Cutting On Yield And Botanical Composition Of Prairie Hay In Southeastern Nebraska, Elverne C. Conard, Vincent H. Arthaud

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Approximately three and one-third million acres of native prairie are harvested annually in Nebraska for hay. In the four-year period 1948-1951, the State ranked first in wild hay production with an average yield of more than two and one-quarter million tons per year. This crop is an important natural resource in Nebraska's livestock industry. Studies were initiated in 1945 to determine the effects of time of cutting on the yield and feeding value of prairie hay in southeastern Nebraska. The studies were continued through the summer of 1952 to determine the effects of different cutting treatments on the vigor and …

Notes For Problems Of Ecology Presentation To The Linfield Research Institute, Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds

Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds Documents

These notes were prepared by Dr. Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds for a presentation she gave to a Linfield Research Institute (LRI) seminar at Linfield College on March 19, 1957 on the subject of ecology. LRI was established in 1955, and Dr. Dirks-Edmunds did research under its auspices, including receiving a federal grant which funded work on biotic succession.

Nebraska Deer, William Bailey Jr., George Schildman, Phillip Agee, C. G. Pritchard

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

IN COMMON with the experience of most states, Nebraska's deer herds were reduced to a very low level by excessive harvests in our early history. Most American big-game animals were overharvested in the early history of this nation because of commercialization. Buffalo were killed for their hides, deer for their meat. This slaughter continued as long as the hunter (or poacher) could sell his take at a profit. Modem game management and public opinion reversed this trend. Deer are on the way back all over America, and in some states the protection-complex was so strong that deer were restored to …

Nebraska Deer, William Bailey Jr., George Schildman, Phillip Agee, C. G. Pritchard

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

IN COMMON with the experience of most states, Nebraska's deer herds were reduced to a very low level by excessive harvests in our early history. Most American big-game animals were overharvested in the early history of this nation because of commercialization. Buffalo were killed for their hides, deer for their meat. This slaughter continued as long as the hunter (or poacher) could sell his take at a profit. Modem game management and public opinion reversed this trend. Deer are on the way back all over America, and in some states the protection-complex was so strong that deer were restored to …

Grasslands Of The Great Plains: Their Nature And Use, J. E. Weaver, F. W. Albertson, B. W. Allred, Arnold Heerwagen

Papers of John E. Weaver (1884–1956)

This book is the result of a long-felt need by the authors and their students for a comprehensive survey of the numerous studies that have been made on plains grasslands. From southern Texas far into Saskatchewan the mid and short grasses form a magnificent prairie nearly 2,500 miles in length and approximately 400 miles wide. Kinds of communities, their composition, nature, significance and uses are fully described. Such information is of value not only to students, range technicians, and other professional conservationists, but also to ranchers and other land owners-in fact, to anyone interested in the economy of our midwestern …

A List Of Cestode Parasites From California Mammals, Marietta Voge

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

This report brings together information on the occurrence and distribution of cestode parasites in California mammals. The original information reported herein, was obtained by students, myself, and other staff members of this university. Although the host-parasite list which follows is far from complete, the dearth of knowledge about the helminth fauna in California seems to justify the publication of relatively few data, in the hope that other workers will be able to use this list as a starting point and add to it.

With few exceptions, the common names of the hosts, as given in the host list, were obtained …

The Succession Of Vegetation On A Southern Utah Sand Dune, Elias S. Castle

Theses and Dissertations

The sand dunes lying ten miles northwest of Kanab in Kane County, Utah, support a sparse plant cover with four species dominating the vegetation: Psoralea stenostachys, Sophora stenophylla, Oryzopsis hymenoides, and Wyethia scabra var. attenuata. Of these Psoralea and Wyethia are endemic to the dunes or to a limited area which includes the dunes. The pineer species gain a start in the valleys between dunes and occupy the area only until sand covers them or until sand is blown away from their roots. Stabilization of the soils is not permanently in the interdune valleys and the dunes continue to wander. …

North American Prairie, J. E. Weaver

Papers of John E. Weaver (1884–1956)

TO MOST AMERICANS, the word "Prairie" suggests either a romantic element in pioneer fiction or a vast expanse of level land which must be crossed in going from one coast to another. But to the botanist, the American Prairie is a wonderfully complex society of living organisms.

This book tells the story of that society-the variety of its inhabitants; the constitution of its several communities; the internal struggles for domination of the society; and the battles of the Prairie as a whole against its two most vicious enemies, drought and overgrazing. Most striking, perhaps, is the story of that portion …

Factors Affecting The California Quail Populations In Uintah County, Utah, R. Lynn Nielson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The California Quail is native to the coastal and semi-arid regions of California extending north into Oregon. Two subspecies are commonly recognized. the California Quail (Lophortyx californica brunnescens Ridgway), and the Valley Quail (Lophortyx californica californica Shaw). The two forms are very similar in coloration and habits and, for the purpose of this study, no effort is made to distinguish the two.

Life History Of The Utah Sculpin Cottus Bairdi Semiscaber (Cope) In Logan River, Utah, William M. Zarbook

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study of the Utah sculpin in Logan River was based on 801 specimens collected during 1949 to March 1951. Numbers of fish examined for various catagories of the study wares length-frequency, 495; aging by vertebrae, 407; length-weight relationship, 601; and food habits, 275.

Fish were collected by use of an electric shocking machine generating 600 watts and 220 volts. Numbers of fish occurred as high as 150 per tenth mile of stream. Preferred habitats occurred in areas of coarse gravel and small rocks.

Vertebrae dissected from the fish were used in age determination. Length-frequency proved to be a general …

Microorganisms And Soil Structure, T. M. Mccalla

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

SUMMARY

Laboratory tests were made to determine the effectiveness of different compounds and microbial groups in increasing the stability of Peorian loess lumps against the action of falling water drops. The influence of these on percolation tests in the laboratory was also determined.

Many organic substances-dextrose, sucrose, starch, peptone, cullulose, and gum arabic-did not themselves contribute directly to soil-structure stability, though these substances do furnish energy material for soil microorganisms, which can convert them readily into either microbial tissue or decomposition products that increase soil-structure stability. Lignin, proteins, oils, fats, waxes, resin, and paraffin increased the stability of lumps of …

Preliminary Geomorphological Studies Of The Lime Creek Area & Preliminary Report On The Lime Creek Sites: New Evidence Of Early Man In Southwestern Nebraska, C. Bertrand Schultz, Gilbert C. Lueninghuener, W. D. Frankforter

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

PALEONTOLOGICAL and archaeological discoveries were made near Cambridge, Nebraska, by the University of Nebraska State Museum field party in the spring of 1947 (Schultz and Frankforter, 1948, pp. 279-280) . Fossils and artifacts were found in situ at the base of a fifty-foot terrace on Lime Creek (University of Nebraska State Museum Localities Ft-41 and Ft-42) and on Medicine Creek just below the mouth of Lime Creek (Ft-50). Lime Creek is located (Fig. 1) in southwestern Nebraska in the southeastern part of Frontier County. It is a tributary of Medicine Creek which in turn is a tributary to the Republican …

A Curriculum Study Of The Biological Science Courses In The Secondary Schools And College Of Utah During 1947-48, Merrill H. Gunnell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

At the present time there is a feeling among biologists in Utah that there should be improvement in biological science courses and course sequence to better fill the needs of the non technical student. There are many students filling group requirements with an accumulation of courses which may not provide them with the more important fundamental concepts and principles in biology. Information concerning these courses in high schools and colleges in necessary to provide a basis for curriculum revision in the field. Such information should be useful in evaluating the present system and suggesting modifications. Because of the need for …

A New Sciurid Of Blancan Age From Kansas And Nebraska, Claude W. Hibbard

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

The collecting of vetebrate fossils from deposits of Blancan age in Kansas, Nebraska, and Texas during the past twelve years has revealed many interesting forms. Some species have been found to have wide geographic distribution. A large sciurid related to the woodchucks has been recognized from both Kansas and Nebraska and is here described as a new genus and species.

Life Histories Of North American Nuthatches, Wrens, Thrashers And Their Allies: Order Passeriformes, Arthur Cleveland Bent

Papers in Ornithology

An attempt has been made to give as full a life history as possible of the best-known subspecies of each species and to avoid duplication by writing briefly of the others and giving only the characters of the subspecies, its range, and any -habits peculiar to it. In many cases certain habits, probably common to the species as a whole, have been recorded for only one subspecies. Such habits are mentioned under the subspecies on which the observations were made. The distribution gives the range of the species as a whole, with only rough outlines of the ranges of the …

Comparison Of Biotic Communities Of The Cedar-Hemlock And Oak-Hickory Associations, Final Version, Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds

Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds Documents

A revised version of the final draft of Dr. Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds's doctoral dissertation was published in Ecological Monographs in 1947. In her dissertation, Dirks-Edmunds compared the Douglas fir forest community on Saddleback Mountain in Oregon to an oak-hickory community in Illinois. Dirks-Edmunds, a 1937 graduate of Linfield College, graduated from the University of Illinois in 1941; she returned to teach in the Biology department at Linfield from 1941-1974.

The Goss Lemming Mouse, Synaptomys Cooperi Gossii (Goues), In Nebraska, Edson Fichter, Merle F. Hansen

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

In the course of studies on the cestode parasites of microtine rodents by one of the authors (Hansen), specimens of mice were sent to the United State National Museum where they were identified by Dr. David H. Johnson. Two of these microtines proved to be Synaptomys cooperi gossii (Coues). These specimens of Synaptomys (U.S.N.M. Nos. 282343 and 282344), collected at Lincoln, Lancaster County, Nebraska, on September 16, 1946 (male) and November 20, 1946 (female), respectively, are the first ones to be identified from Nebraska.

The Geologic History Of The Bison In The Great Plains (A Preliminary Report), C. Bertrand Schultz, W. D. Frankforter

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

THE GEOLOGIC history of the bison in North America is a subject which has received little attention to date. Osteological rather than geological problems have been the main concern of most writers who have so far published. If the geologic history of the bison is to be learned, it will be necessary to devote more time and effort in the field in determining the age of the deposits in which various specimens have been discovered and in making more extensive collections from deposits of known age. Unfortunately the majority of the type specimens have been surface finds and little attempt …

Mirid-Bug Injury As A Factor In Declining Alfalfa-Seed Yields, Charles J. Sorenson

Faculty Honor Lectures

During the forty or more millions of years that insects have inhabited the earth they have developed remarkable adaptations and great powers of reproduction that have enabled them to spread over most of the world and occupy all of its habitable environments. In cultivating the land and in growing crops, man has disturbed the balance in nature which formerly prevailed. By doing this he has unwittingly assisted many insect species to multiply in unprecedented numbers by providing them with more delectable food in abundance and by transporting them from place to place and from continent to continent in his migrations …

The Raccoon, A New Host For Microphallus Sp., With Additional Notes On M. Ovatus From Turtles, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Discusses the raccoon, a new host for Microphallus sp., with additional notes on M. ovatus from turtles.

Range Land Of America And Some Research On Its Management, Laurence A. Stoddart

Faculty Honor Lectures

Although grazing of livestock has been a practice and a profession of man almost from his beginning only recently has range management reached anything approaching a pre~ cise science. Although ' trials and errors over the years brought to light much practical methodology for assuring high production from grazing land, still it remained for the plant physiologist and ecologist to find the whys and wherefores, and to advance new methods and new thoughts which promise to increase productivity still further and at the same time maintain the great range resource.

The peculiar land situation that marked America in her forma~ …