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Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The second in a series of papers describing the fauna of Arkansas caves includes distributional records and ecological status (as a cavernicole) of 53 vertebrate taxa, including: 3 fishes, 7 salamanders, 6 frogs, 3 lizards, 7 snakes, one turtle, 3 birds, and 23 mammals. Several of the taxa occur on state lists of endangered species, but records accumulated during the past 5 years indicate the need for a reevaluation of the actual populational status of these organisms.

Growth, Mortality, Food Habits, And Fecundity Of The Buffalo River Smallmouth Bass, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison, James C. Adams

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Total length-scale radius, and length-weight relationships were determined for smallmouth bass from the Buffalo River. The back calculated lengths were used in analyzing the age-length data by the Bertalanffy growth formula. Asymptotic length and weight were estimated as 58.3 cm and 4.6 lbs, respectively. Annual mortality of 36 percent was estimated by the catch curve method. Insects (54%), fishes (16%), and crayfish (14%) were the abundant food organisms by frequency of occurrence; while fishes (64%) and crayfish (29%) were the dominant food items by the gravimetric method. Based on the gonosomatic indices and frequency distribution of ovum diameter measurements, smallmouth …

Fishes Of The Eleven Point River Within Arkansas, Michael B. Johnson, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of the fishes of the Eleven Point River and its tributaries was made between 31 January 1976 and 13 February 1977. Sixty-three collections, literature records and personal communications revealed 90 species distributed among 19 families. This study revealed 31 species previously not reported for this river system. The Eleven Point River is a clear, predominantly springfed Ozark stream which is located in western Randolph County. From the Arkansas-Missouri state line, the Eleven Point River flows south for approximately 64 km before joining the Spring River. Terrain in the Arkansas portion of this river is rugged as the river …

Fishes Of Crowley's Ridge In Arkansas, Robert F. Fulmer, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Crowley's Ridge is one of the six natural geographic divisions of Arkansas which rises out of the Mississippi embayment as a relatively steep, uncultivated loessial mass. The ridge is drained by a network of headwater streams which are relatively clear with alkaline pH values and uniformly low alkalinity values. Carbon dioxide values were moderate and oxygen values were adequate. The fish species collected were basically headwater in composition. Isolated groups of characteristically upland species indicate that environmental quality of adjacent deltaic streams was better at one time.

Fishes Of Sylamore Creek, Stone County, Arkansas, George C. Frazier, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of the fishes of Sylamore Creek in northcentral Arkansas yielded a total of 15,041 specimens representing 44 species, including one hybrid, distributed among 11 families. The three most abundant fishes collected were: Notropis pilsbryi Fowler, Dionda nubila (Forbes), and Notropis telescopus (Cope), respectively. Two species, Campostoma anomalum pullum (Agassiz), and N. pilsbryi, were collected at every station. Sylamore Creek is a clear predominantely spring-fed stream that originate in the Ozark Mountains of northcentral Arkansas and empties into the White River 72.3 km above Bates vilie. Sylamore Creek is composed of two branches, North and South Sylamore, which comprise …

Fishes Of Randolph County, Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles, Billy M. Johnson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of the fishes of Randolph County in northcentral Arkansas was made between June 1973 and March 1977. Field collections, literature records, and museum specimens revealed the ichthyofauna of Randolph County to be composed of 128 species distributed among 24 families. Cyprinidae was the largest family, being represented by 34 species while Percidae was represented by 24 species. Randolph County is composed of Ozark Uplands and Coastal Plain areas. All of the stream systems flow into the Black River system with the exception of Village Creek in the southeastern corner of the county which flows into White River. The …

Vegetation And Environmental Features Of Forest And Range Ecosystems, George A. Garrison, Ardell J. Bjugstad, Don A. Duncan, Mont E. Lewis, Dixie R. Smith

Aspen Bibliography

This is one of the reports developed as part of the Forest-Range Environmental Study (FRES) of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. This report presents descriptive sketches of 34 soil-vegetation units, called ecosystems. These cover all the land area of the 48 contiguous States.

Visual Detection Of Cryptic Prey By Blue Jays (Cyanocitta Cristata), Alexandra T. Pietrewicz, Alan Kamil

Avian Cognition Papers

Blue jays learned to respond differentially to the presence or absence of Catocala moths in slides. This detection of the moths by the jays was affected by the background upon which the moth was placed and its body orientation, thus providing an objective measure of crypticity. These procedures are useful for the study of visual detection of prey.

Studies On The Grooming Behavior And Morphology Of The Freshwater Prawn, Palaemonetes Kadiakensis, Bruce E. Felgenhauer

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Stream Survey Of Riley Creek, Coles County, Illinois, Using Macroinvertebrates As Indicators Of Organic Pollution, Joseph R. Rowe

Masters Theses

A stream survey of Riley Creek in Coles County Illinois, was undertaken to determine ecological trends and the qualitative status of the aquatic community throughout the course of the stream.

The survey encompassed the entire length of Riley Creek from the area of its status as an intermittant waterway to its confluence with Cassel Creek. Sampling periods included the months of April, May, June, July, October and November.

Macroinvertebrate collections were made at six locations along the stream approximately equidistant from each other. The organisms were assigned tolerance levels as designated by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency.

Physical and chemical …

Live Trap Preference Among Grassland Mammals, Robert K. Rose, Norman A. Slade, James H. Honacki

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

In two independent studies, small mammals of grassland communities in eastern Kansas, when given a choice, preferred Fitch to Sherman live traps. Except for the harvest mice in the demographic study, the type of preferred trap and magnitude of selection was remarkably comparable, with microtines showing slight, and cricetines strong, preferences overall. The merits of each type of trap are compared, and related to season, weather, prior experience, and trap-associated mortality.

Aspects Of The Ecology Of Fish And Commercial Crustaceans Of The Blackwood River Estuary, Western Australia, R.C. J. Lenanton

Fisheries Research Bulletins

Beach seine nets, set or mesh nets, otter trawls and plankton nets were used to sample fish and commercial crustaceans every two months over the period March 1974 to March 1975, and again in July 1975 at a number of stations throughout the Blackwood River estuary, Western Australia.

Analysis Of The Capture-Recapture Method Of Determining Fish Population Size In A Pond Community, Richard E. Hall

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Ecology Of The Pirate Perch, Leslie D. Frankland

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Feeding Ecology Of Black Sea Bass Centropristis Striata On An Artificial Reef Off Virginia (Perciforms: Serranidae), Ping K. Chee

OES Theses and Dissertations

The feeding ecology of the black sea bass, Centropristis striata, associated with artificial reefs shows seasonal and size-related changes. Monthly collections totaling 520 black sea bass taken from an artificial reef near the Chesapeake Light Tower, Virginia, between August 1975 and May 1976, were analyzed for food habits as revealed by number, volume, frequency of occurrence and a modified Index of Relative Importance.

The black sea bass feeds on the artificial reef as well as the adjacent areas. When food was abundant on the reef, food items from the reef and the surrounding area were consumed. Upon depletion of the …

Leaf Epidermal Transmittance Of Ultraviolet Radiation And Its Implication For Plant Sensitivity To Ultraviolet-Radiation Injury, Ronald Robberecht

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Leaf epidermal transmittance of ultraviolet radiation (280-400 nm) was examined in several plant species to determine the capability of the epidermis to attenuate solar ultraviolet radiation. Epidermal samples were mechanically isolated and examined with a spectroradiometer/integrating sphere for transmittance. A survey of 25 species exposed to natural insolation was conducted. Although the species differed in life form, habitat type, and epidermal characteristics, epidermal transmittance was generally less than 10%. Ultraviolet radiation was attenuated 95 to 99% in more than half of the species. In 16 species, flavonoid and related pigments in the epidermis accounted for 20 to 57% of the …

Avian Succession On Lake Michigan Sand Dunes, John B. Van Orman

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Report On Wastewater Disposal To Board Of County Commissioners, Clark County Nevada, Clair N. Sawyer

Publications (WR)

This report is concerned with the management of waste-waters and subsurface drainage from the City of Las Vegas and its environs and the BMI complex, all in Clark County, Nevada. The prime objective is to recommend a plan of action which will utilize the natural resources of the area in the least costly manner and still protect Lake Mead for recreational purposes and use as a public water supply, At this writing, conditions in the upper Las Vegas arm of Boulder Basin are quite unsatisfactory for some recreational purposes due to the extensive blooms of algae which develop. Experience at …

The Food Habits Of Ictalurus Natalis, Centrarchus Macropterus And Perca Flavescens In Lake Drummond In The Dismal Swamp Of Virginia, Steven C. Russell

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The food habits of yellow bullhead catfish (Ictalurus natalis), yellow perch (Perea flavescens), and fliers (Centrarchus macropterus) in Lake Drummond in the Dismal Swamp were examined. Seventy yellow bullheads (42 mm to 255 mm), 136 yellow perch (41 mm to 280 mm), and 110 fliers (81 mm to 140 mm), were collected with gill nets, traps, seins, and electro-fishing gear from June through November of 1975. Frequency of occurrence and volumentric data were used to evaluate the relative importance of food items. Spearman's rank correlation coef­ficient was determined from the data to test differences …

Effect Of The Chesapeake-Elizabeth Sewage Outfall Virginia Beach, Virginia On The Distribution And Ecology Of Benthic Foraminifera, James M. Bates Jr.

OES Theses and Dissertations

Sediment and bottom water samples from seven stations at the Chesapeake Elizabeth sewage outfall, Virginia Beach, Virginia were collected in order to evaluate the effect of the outfall on benthic foraminifera. The top centimeter of sediment was analyzed for living and total (live plus dead) foraminiferal densities, chlorophyll a, sediment grain size, ATP, percentage of silt and clay, and total organic carbon. Bottom water salinity, temperature, and ammonia were also analyzed.

Living foraminiferal density increased from March to July and with distance from the outfall. Total foraminiferal density also increased from March to July. The set of environmental variables was …

An Intensive Study Of The Spring Phytoplankton Bloom In Lynnhaven Bay, Virginia, Donald Lynn Webster

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Phytoplankton samples were collected biweekly from two stations, one in each branch of Lynnhaven Bay, Virginia over the period January 24 to June 9, 1975. Water temperature, salinity, pH, oxygen, ammonia, urea, reactive nitrite, reactive nitrate, reactive phosphorus, productivity, transparency, and weather conditions were recorded concurrently. Data were manipulated employing analysis of variance, simple correlation, correlation matrices, and forward stepwise multiple regression. Total phytoplankton numbers exhibited a unimodal pattern. A pre-bloom pulse was recorded at both stations in late February. The spring bloom lasted from April through May. Phytoplankton growth was primarily a function of nutrient supply and temperature. Nutrient …

Sex Pheromone Activity In The Foveal Glands In The Two Species Of Ixodid Ticks: Dermacentor Andersoni (Stiles) And Dermacentor Variabilis (Say), Lynn Anne Collins

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Sex pheromone activity in the foveal glands of female Dermacentor andersoni (Stiles) and Dermacentor variabilis (Say) is described. Autoradiography revealed the accumulation of ³⁶Cl in the foveal glands of females during their first 120 hours of feeding on a ³⁶Cl-labeled host. Emissions collected from these females contained a ³⁶Cl-labeled product. This product, however, was absent in emissions collected from the same females with their foveae dorsales obstructed.

Accumulation of ³⁶Cl in the foveal gland, in conjunction with the release of a ³⁶Cl-labeled product through the foveae dorsales, suggest localization of sex pheromone activity within these …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 8, Nos. 1 And 2. March-June 1976

The Prairie Naturalist

THE POTAMOGETONACEAE IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ G. E. Larson

NOTES

January Record for Western Grebe at Amenia, North Dakota ▪ J. M. Wiehe and J. F. Cassel

An Observation of Possible Mallard Adoption ▪ R. A. Stromstad

Unusual Mortality in California Gulls ▪ G. R. Lingle

Great Horned Owl Predation of Penned Gray Partridge ▪ J. W. Schulz

BOOK REVIEWS

North Dakota's Own Bird Book ▪ B. and A. Gammell

North Dakota's Wildlife ▪ Staff

A New Bird Book for Minnesota ▪ D. H. Johnson

Two New Waterfowl Books ▪ T. J. Dwyer

Two Canadian Bird References ▪ Staff

Canadian …

Forage Selection And Nutrition Of Sheep And Goats Grazing In The Tunisian Pre-Sahara, Rudolfo Ricardo Griego

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nomadic pastoralism has been the traditional method of utilizing grazing resources in arid and semi-arid regions of Africa. However, increased sedentarization accompanied by growing human and animal populations during the past two decades is thought to be accelerating the desertification process, or desert expansion. The specific interactions of the grazing animal with this process has been speculated upon but not studied in detail. A comparative study was initiated during the spring grazing season of 1974 to determine sheep and goat nutritional and production responses, as well as patterns of vegetative selection and utilization under the pastoral system currently employed in …

Feeding Behavior Of Pen Reared Mule Deer Under Winter Range Conditions, Michael A. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the feeding responses of mule deer to a system of spring livestock grazing. The specific purposes were 1) to determine botanical composition of diets selected by mule deer on a winter range subjected to previous spring grazing by sheep compared to one with no sheep grazing and 2) to develop a basis for predicting selection of individual plants by deer, based on physical characteristics of the plants and the species and physical proximity of associated plants.

The study was conducted within the framework of a completely randomized experimental design with two treatments. Variables controlled for each unit …

A New Species Of Chiroderma From Guadeloupe, West Indies (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), Robert J. Baker, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

During the course of a study of the bat faunas of the Caribbean islands we obtained a specimen of Chiroderma from the island of Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles. The nearest known populations of this genus occur on Tobago and Trinidad (C. villosum and C. trinitatum). approximately 550 kilometers to the south. This specimen represents a distinct new species that appears to be most closely related to C. doriae and C. villosum. This new species is named and described.

The Distribution Of Submersed Hydrophytes In Currituck Sound, Steven Harry Davis

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The rooted submergent flora of Currituck Sound, North Carolina was determined, and the distributions of its species investigated with respect to salinity, substrate texture, depth, pH, turbidity and species co-occurrence. Eight species of hydrophytes were found: Potamogeton pectinatus, Fotamogeton perfoliatus, Ruppia maritima, Zannichellia palustris, Najas guadalupensis, Elodea nuttallii, Vallisneria americana, and Myriophyllum spicatum. The mean salinities at which each species occurred ranged from 1.0 ppt for E. nuttallii to 3.1 ppt for Z. palustris, Ruppia maritima, Z palustris and V. americana were the only species that commonly occurred on coarse-grained substrates. Elodea nuttallii and N. guadalupensis …

Influence Of A Dry Wash Habitat On Distribution And Movement Of Heteromyid Rodents, Jeffrey S. Green

Theses and Dissertations

Three heteromyid rodent species were studied in relation to a large dry wash in Millard County, Utah, during the summer, 1974. Data were gathered with three trapping grids and analyzed to determine if the dry wash influenced rodent movement and distribution patterns. Dipodomys ordii and Dipodomys microps were distributed non-randomly in the dry wash and adjacent habitat, but Perognathus Zongimembris seemed to be randomly distributed. Dipodomys ordii was significantly correlated with wash habitat, but D. microps was found most frequently in upland areas. Soil and vegetative differences and competition were possible causes for the observed distribution. The wash was observed …

Improved Techniques For Marking, Night-Viewing, And Aging White-Tailed Deer, Odocoileus Virginianus, Barnard Hodge Powell

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

These studies were concerned with the development of methods to assist investigators of wildlife population research. Specifically they involve the description of (1) A device which enables an investigator to mark deer at medium range using specially modified darts fired by conventional tranquilizer rifles, (2) Construction of infrared viewers and light sources using surplus equipment and (3) Studies to develop a method of making permanent deer dental impressions under field conditions.

Variation In The Ecology Morphology And Behavior Of The Troglobitic Amphipod Crustacean Crangonyx Antennatus Packard (Crangonchidae) From Different Habitats, Gary Wayne Dickson

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Populations of the troglobitic amphipod Crangonyx antennatus living in two distinct aquatic habitats were examined for possible variations in their ecology, morphology and behavior. Collections were made seasonally for one year in six Lee Co., Virginia caves, three containing mud-bottom, drip pools and three with small gravel stream habitats. Environmental parameters thought to influence population variation were quantitatively and qualitatively recorded in each of the six caves.

Amphipod densities, body length, female maturity, clutch number and stream washout rates were found to be greater in drip pool habitat populations. Variation was also observed in body coloration and antennal segment-body length …