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Petrology And Geochemistry Of Late-Stage Intrusions Of The A-Type, Mid-Proterozoic Pikes Peak Batholith (Central Colorado, Usa): Implications For Petrogenetic Models, Diane R. Smith, J. Noblett, R. A. Wobus, D. Unruh, J Douglass, R. Beane, C. Davis, S. Goldman, G. Kay, B. Gustavson, B. Saltoun, J. Stewart

Earth and Environmental Geosciences Faculty Research

The ~1.08 Ga anorogenic, A-type Pikes Peak batholith (Front Range, central Colorado) is dominated by coarse-grained, biotite ± amphibole syenogranites and minor monzogranites, collectively referred to as Pikes Peak granite (PPG). The batholith is also host to numerous small, late-stage plutons that have been subdivided into two groups (e.g. Wobus, 1976. Studies in Colorado Field Geology, Colorado School of Mines Professional Contributions, Colorado): (1) a sodic series (SiO₂ = ~44–78 wt%; K/Na = 0.32–1.36) composed of gabbro, diabase, syenite/quartz syenite and fayalite and sodic amphibole granite; and (2) a potassic series (SiO₂ = ~70–77 wt%; K/Na = 0.95–2.05), …

Bridger Formation Sandstones Used As An Indication Of Tectonics In The Green River Basin And Western Wyoming, Lisa S. Novins

Honors Papers

Sandstone from the Eocene Bridger Formation of southwestern Wyoming can be used as a tool to constrain the timing and order of controversial tectonic events in the region. The key tectonic element in this region is the Wind River Range. Sandstones in the Bridger were derived from two source areas to the north, one being the basement rocks from the Wind River Range and the other volcanic rocks from the Absaroka Volcanic field (AVF). The abundance of volcanic grains increases upsection in the Bridger indicating that more volcanic material was carried through the Wind River Range. This evidence supports the …

Olivine Petrofabric Analysis From The Leka Ophiolite Complex, Sarah J. Titus

Honors Papers

Peridotites, gabbros and basaltic volcanic rocks on the island of Leka, Norway in the western Scandinavian Caledonides compose a nearly complete ophiolite sequence. I examined samples from the harzburgite to dunite transition within the ultramafic tectonites of the Leka Ophiolite Complex. This rock sequence probably corresponds to the petrologic Moho, which is the true base of the oceanic crust and lies below the seismic Moho. I used universal stage techniques to determine the crystallographic preferred orientations (CPO) of olivine grains in both dunites from the base of the oceanic crust and residual harzburgites in the uppermost upper mantle. Olivine CPOs …

A Review Of The Pikes Peak Batholith, Front Range, Central Colorado: A "Type Example" Of A-Type Granitic Magmatism, Diane R. Smith, J. Noblett, R. A. Wobus, D. Unruh, K. R. Chamberlain

Earth and Environmental Geosciences Faculty Research

The N 1.08-Ga Pikes Peak composite batholith of central Colorado is a type example of an Atype granitic system. From the 1970s through the 1990s, details of the field relations, mineralogy, major and trace element compositions, and isotopic geochemistry of Pikes Peak rocks were documented, and they reveal the existence of two chemical groups, a potassic and a sodic series. The potassic series (~64-78 wt % SiO₂) includes the Pikes Peak Granite, which is mostly coarse-grained biotite f hornblende syenogranite and minor monzogranite that dominates the batholith. The potassic series also includes fine- to medium-grained biotite granite found …

Changes In Soil Chemistry Beneath Exposed Poultry House Pads And Manure Storage Areas, Stanley L. Chapman, William R. Teague

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Concerns about nitrates in private drinking water supplies in the older poultry growing areas of Arkansas prompted soil and water testing in the early 1990's. Exposed poultry house pads were recognized as a potential source of nitrates in the groundwater. Soils beneath nine different poultry house pads in five counties were sampled in 10-30 cm increments to bedrock or to a maximum sampling depth of 90 cm. The nine sites had been exposed to natural weathering conditions ranging from never to for more than 20 years. Routine soil tests were conducted by the University of Arkansas Soil Testing Lab at …

Morphometry And Limnology Of Ferguson Lake, Saline County, Arkansas, John D. Rickett, E. P. (Perk) Floyd

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

To more fully understand Ferguson Lake as an ecosystem and eventually relate its water quality and production potential to fisheries management, several limnological variables were sampled monthly from April 1997 through March 1999. Vertical profiles of temperature and dissolved oxygen were recorded, and water samples from 0.5 m. depth were tested for turbidity, pH, total alkalinity, total hardness, ortho-phosphate, nitrate-nitrogen, sulfate, iron and specific conductance. Evaporation rate experiments, spillway discharge and rainfall records were used to estimate lake hydrology. Depth transects on the lake and USGS topographic maps were used to measure and calculate morphometric and watershed features. The lake …

The Use Of Bauxite Residue As A Soil Amendment In The Peel -Harvey Coastal Plain Catchment - Environmental Monitoring Report August 1999, Mark Rivers

Natural resources published reports

The Peel-Harvey Coastal Plain Catchment is located immediately south of Perth in Western Australia and covers approximately 190,000 ha. It extends from Forrestdale in the north to Harvey in the south, and west from the Darling Scarp to Mandurah on the coast. The boundary of the catchment, as illustrated in Figure 1, represents the area which has been approved by the DEP for the broadscale application of Alkaloam as a soil amendment. (This figure also indicates features and regions of importance in this project).

The region experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters with most …

Salinity And Hydrology Of The Fence Road Catchment : A Focus Catchment Of The Blackwood Basin, Ben Whitfield

Resource management technical reports

It is the clearing of native vegetation and replacement with lower water-use annual crops and pastures that is responsible for the developing salinity problem. Traditional farming practices have led to increased recharge to the groundwater systems resulting in increased storage and/or greater areas or rates of discharge. Groundwater monitoring has revealed variable rates of rise throughout the Fence Road catchment, from static to 0.6 metres per year, in a period of average to below average rainfall.

Monitoring The 1996 Drought Using The Standardized Precipitation Index, Michael J. Hayes, Mark D. Svoboda, Donald A. Wilhite, Olga V. Vanyarkho

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Droughts are difficult to detect and monitor. Drought indices, most commonly the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), have been used with limited success as operational drought monitoring tools and triggers for policy responses. Recently, a new index, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), was developed to improve drought detection and monitoring capabilities. The SPI has several characteristics that are an improvement over previous indices, including its simplicity and temporal flexibility, that allow its application for water resources on all timescales. In this article, the 1996 drought in the southern plains and southwestern United States is examined using the SPI. A series …

Glacial Deposits, Vol. 27, 1998-1999, Department Of Geography-Geology

Glacial Deposits

Newsletter of the Department of Geography-Geology

Physical Control Of Biological Processes In The Central Equatorial Pacific: A Data Assimilative Modeling Study, Marjorie Anne Macwhorter Friedrichs

OES Theses and Dissertations

A five-component data assimilative ecosystem model is developed in order to investigate the effects of physical processes encompassing a wide range of space and time scales, on the lower trophic levels of the highly dynamic central equatorial Pacific (140°W). Many of the biological processes included in the ecosystem model respond to environmental fluctuations with time scales between one and ten days, which are not typically resolved by basin to global scale circulation models. Therefore, the ecosystem model is forced using daily observations from the TAO mooring array. Model simulations successfully reproduce data collected both during and after the 1991–92 El …

Agriculture, Grazing And Land Changes At The Serra De Tramuntana Karstic Mountains, Ángel Ginés

International Journal of Speleology

Karst landforms are one of the most outstanding characteristics of the Serra de Tramuntana range on the island of Mallorca, especially regarding traditional farming and the landscape wilderness. Good examples of polje-like depressions, dolines, karstic gorges and karrenfields are widely distributed over the mountain range. Owing to karrenfields occupying a large surface area in the Serra to the exclusion of arable land, the traditional activity based on the repetitive burning of the Ampelodesmos mauritanica brushwoods for cattle-raising promotes hastening deforestation and soil removal.

Agriculture, Landscape And Human Impact In Some Karst Areas Of Italy, Ezio Burri, Benedetta Castiglioni, Ugo Sauro

International Journal of Speleology

Italy is made up for about 1/5 of its surface by soluble rocks, which represent the arena of karst environments. The karst morpho-units, some hundreds, are mainly distributed inside the alpine structure of the Mediterranean mountains. A very large number of rock formations are present, different in facies, lithology, age, etc. Among these, carbonate rocks prevail, followed by gypsum and salt. Most of the carbonate rocks are limestones sedimented in a platform environment and they show a wide range of porosity, frequency of fractures and bedding planes. The climatic processes, the expression of some different sub-types of Mediterranean climate (from …

Land Use And Human Impact In The Dinaric Karst, Ivan Gams, Matej Gabrovec

International Journal of Speleology

The article presents Dinaric karst, human impacts in the area, and its long history of deforestation, transformation into stony semi-desert, and a century long reforestation, where plans to restore the primary thick soil were just hoping against hope.

Agriculture And Nature Conservation In The Moravian Karst (Czech Republic), Ivan Balák, Jozef Janèo, Leos Stefka, Pavel Bosák

International Journal of Speleology

Moravian karst is a narrow strip of limestone with long history of settlement, agricultural use and man impact to karst. It is naturally divided into smaller units - karst plateaus - separated by deep valleys (glens). Each plateau has different proportion of land use, i.e. the percentage of agricultural land, forests, etc. The agricultural land constitutes now up to 70% in the north and max. 30% in the centre and south of the total area of plateaus. Intensive agricultural use of the arable land since 60ties of this Century caused great impact to quality of soils and groundwater by overdoses …

Land Use In The Karstic Lands In The Mediterranean Region, Ibrahim Atalay

International Journal of Speleology

Karstic lands have special importance in terms of soil formation and land-use. Soil appears only on the flat and slightly undulating karstic lands, while soils are found along the cracks and bedding surfaces between the layers on the hilly karst areas although these lands are rocky in appearance. Karstic lands in the hilly area are not conducive to cultivation. But rocky areas create a favourable habitat for the growth of forests except in an arid climate. Because the tree roots easily follow and develop along the cracks in the limestone. As a general rule soil erosion does not occur on …

Interaction Between Karst, Water And Agriculture Over The Climatic Gradient Of Israel, Amos Frumkin

International Journal of Speleology

The dry climate of Israel and the karstic nature of its rocks have always imposed human innovation for utilisation of water resources and agriculture. Large perennial karst springs are available only in the lowlands, but sophisticated water supply systems were built both in the lowland and highland regions. Marl layers interbedded within carbonates give rise to local perched springs and allow terrace construction. Deforestation has taken place for some 4000 years, causing intense soil erosion, but terraces have reduced this impact.

Impact Of Agricultural Land Use On Some Hungarian Karst Regions, Ilona Bárány-Kevei

International Journal of Speleology

The karst regions are found in the medium altitude mountains of Hungary. Their land use types are natural and sustainable forestry, grazing and vineyards. In international comparison, Hungary belongs to those countries of Europe where arable land is abundant, therefore, in the future its extension has to be reduced. That means agricultural activity has to be restricted on the sensitive karst surfaces. This paper presents ways of sustainable forestry and other land use types for three karst regions of Hungary.

Environmental Vulnerability And Agriculture In The Karstic Domain: Landscape Indicators And Cases In The Atlas Highlands, Morocco, Brahim Akdim, Mohammed Amyay

International Journal of Speleology

After the brief presentation of the major karstic areas in Morocco, the article focused essentially on the Atlas mountains to investigate the impact of the agriculture on the natural systems equilibrium. Socio-economic changes (demographic pressure, escalation of the landscape use, utilisation of new techniques in water harvesting, etc...) have sometimes fathered mechanisms of degradation. Many indicators seem to reflect these mechanisms. The pedologic indicators, soil erosion, the hydrologic and geomorphic indicators, are apprehended to demonstrate existent correlation between different variables and the often negative impacts of land over-use in the karstic domain of the Middle Atlas.

Land Use In The Tropical Karst - The Case Of Peruaçu, Januária And Jaiba; Se Brazil, Heinz Charles Kohler, Sergio Dos Anjos Ferreira Pinto, João Francisco De Abreu

International Journal of Speleology

The karstic regions of the municipalities of Peruaçu, Januária and Jaiba present a variety of soil uses which are a function of the organization of the karstic relief. This relief system forms a rift, which received fluvial sediments deposition from the São Francisco River. The horst of the Peruaçu plateau is developed on limestone rocks of Late Proterozoic age with a high concentration of calcium carbonate. The South American Surface was formed on this and is today occupied by cattle ranching. In the graben, due to easy irrigation from underground karst waters and because of the nearby drainage system of …

Avon And Upper Hotham Region Natural Resource Atlas, Sarah Weaving, Jason Batory

All other publications

The Avon and Upper Hotham Region Atlas is one of a series of Natural Resource Atlases covering the agricultural region of Western Australia. The purpose of the Atlas is to provide data for local people who manage or have an interest in natural resources. This includes the members of Land Conservation District Committees (LCDC), catchment groups, local government, non-government organisations, conservation groups, schools and libraries.

The aim of this publication is to bring together land and natural resource information from a number of sources and present it in a clear and accessible way. The data covers a number of topics …

Social And Economic Data For Regional And Natural Resource Management In Western Australia's South West Catchment : Results Of The 2006 Landholder Survey, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, South West Catchments Council (W.A.), Michael Hanslip, Australia. Bureau Of Rural Sciences.

All other publications

This report presents a summary of the key findings from a mailed survey to 2,000 landholders in the South West Region of Western Australia in 2006. The survey gathered information on the key social and economic factors affecting landholder decision-making about the adoption of practices expected to improve the management of natural resources in the region. The response rate for the survey was 69.4%.

The South West Catchment Council, Western Australian Department of Agriculture and Food and the Bureau of Rural Sciences were key project partners. Funding was from a mix of national, state and regional programmes, including the Natural …

Hydrologic Setting Of Two Interdunal Valleys In The Central Sand Hills Nebraska, D. C. Gosselin, S. Drda, F. E. Harvey, J. Goeke

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Surface Features Of The Salt Basin Of Lancaster County, Nebraska, R. M. Joeckel, B. A. Clement

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Reconnaissance Water Quality Study Of The Dakota Aquifer In Lancaster County, Nebraska, J. Anderson, D. D. Gosselin

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Stream Depletion Considering Finite Stream Width, Shallow Penetration, And Properties Of Streambed Sediments, Vitaly A. Zlotnik, Huihua Huang, James J. Butler Jr.

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Commonly used methods for estimation of pumping-induced stream depletion are based on a series of idealistic assumptions about the stream-aquifer interface. In many cases, however, these assumptions are not consistent with field conditions. In order to obtain stream-depletion estimates that are based on assumptions more appropriate for conditions often faced in the field, a new analytical model is proposed. This model, which incorporates the effects of finite stream width, shallow stream penetration, and a low permeability streambed, is based on the Dupuit assumptions and a steady-state representation of flow across the streambed. A general solution for stream depletion is developed …

Groundwater-Level Changes In Nebraska, Predevelopment To Spring 1997/Registered Irrigation Wells In Nebraska-Spring 1997, Conservation Survey Division, Jennifer Stanton, Ann Mack, Jim Weir

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Acres Irrigated In Nebraska - Past, Present, And Future, Bryce B. Pease

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Groundwater-Level Changes In Nebraska, 1996, Abraham H. Chen, Mohan J. Khisty

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Stanton County Test Hole Logs, Sue Olafsen Lackey, Frank A. Smith, Raymond R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.