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A New Species Of Polyconites From The Lower Aptian Of Iberia And The Early Evolution Of Polyconitid Rudists, Peter W. Skelton, Eulàlia Gili, Telm Bover-Arnal, Ramon Salas, Josep Anton Moreno-Bedmar

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The main diagnostic character of polyconitid rudists is a distinctive ectomyophoral cavity inserted behind a reflexed posterior myophoral plate in the left valve. The only pre-Aptian Old World polyconitid taxon recognized in the current literature is Horiopleura dumortieri (Matheron): this species clearly shows the prominent posterior myophoral shelf in the right valve that is diagnostic of the genus, which continues into the Albian. Polyconites, by contrast, has a more depressed (operculiform) left valve and its posterior adductor was inserted on an inward-sloping swelling on the right valve inner wall, with no projecting shelf. Hitherto, the earliest known species of Polyconites …

Dictyoptychus Douvillé: Taxonomic Revision, Phylogeny And Biogeography, Saci̇t Özer

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The late Campanian-Maastrichtian transgressive sequences of the southeastern Anatolia (northernmost part of the Arabian platform) and only one Maastrichtian limestone block within the ophiolitic association of the easternmost part of the Taurus Orogenic Belt contain very well-preserved specimens of Dictyoptychus Douvillé 1905. Study of Turkish specimens and also of those described in the literature reveals considerable ontogenic variability, hence need for revision of the species of the genus erected hitherto. Dictyoptychus leesi (Kühn 1929), Dictyoptychus paronai (Kühn 1929), Dictyoptychus persicus (Cox 1934), Dictyoptychus euphratica Karacabey-Öztemür 1979 and Dictyoptychus orontica Karacabey-Öztemür 1979 are accordingly re-interpreted to represent a single species synonymous …

Late Campanian Rudist Assemblages And Biometrical Analysis Of Pseudopolyconites From Bačevica (Eastern Serbia), Tunis Giorgio, Tarlao Alceo, Radoicic Rajka

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The lithological and faunal succession cropping out close to the famous palaeontological locality of Bacevica (Eastern Serbia) is described along a very discontinuous and ill-exposed section. Since the section is dominated by clastic sediments, no-vestige of the so-called 'Vrbovac reef' has been observed. Rhythms consisting of a limestone breccia lower unit and a fossil-rich upper part characterize the base of the section while rare silt and sand-rich limestone breccias and prevailing silty/sandy soils are the lithologies observed in the upper part of the same. The faunal succession shows an alternation of monospecific-paucispecific assemblages and much more diverse assemblages of rudists. …

Campanian Pseudosabinia From The Pučišća Formation On The Island Of Hvar (Adriatic Sea, Croatia), Tvrtko Korbar, Blanka Cvetko Tesovic, Ivo Radovanovic, Katarina Krizmanic, Thomas Steuber, Peter W. Skelton

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Upper Cretaceous carbonates on the Island of Hvar were deposited within the central Tethyan, intra-oceanic Adriatic carbonate platform (s. str). The Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of the platform has been described in detail from the neighbouring island of Brac. Following the intra-platform deeper-water carbonate sedimentation of the Dol Formation, the Campanian Pucisca Formation (the Brač 'Marbles' unit) in the area of the town of Hvar are characterized by massive bioclastic rudist-bearing carbonates deposited in relatively deeper subtidal environments. Within the uppermost part of the Pucisca Formation we recognized massive rudist valves, characterized by a complex canaliferous inner shell structure, and …

Enhanced Late Holocene Enso/Pdo Expression Along The Margins Of The Eastern North Pacific, John A. Barron, Lesleigh Anderson

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Pacific climate is known to have varied during the Holocene, but spatial patterns remain poorly defined. This paper compiles terrestrial and marine proxy data from sites along the northeastern Pacific margins and proposes that they indicate 1) suppressed ENSO conditions during the middle Holocene between ~8000 and 4000 cal BP with a North Pacific that generally resembled a La Niña-like or more negative PDO phase and 2) a climate transition between ~4200 and 3000 cal BP that appears to be the teleconnected expression to a more modern-like ENSO Pacific. Compared to modern day conditions, the compiled data suggest that during …

Improving The Instruction And Learning Of Topographic Maps Through The Use Of Geospatial Technologies, Troy Dean Schwemm

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Geographic information technologies (GIT) are spatially based technologies that include geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and global positioning systems (GPS). Though GIT has been used in society for decades, and has grown tremendously in the last 10 years as advancements in technology have become available, its inclusion into the K-12 curriculum has not kept pace. As the educational reform movement places an ever increasing amount of pressure on schools to produce technologically literate, workforce ready graduates, school districts are scrambling to find creative, innovative ways to accomplish this task. Rather than learning passively, GIT allows students to construct their …

Latest Quaternary Paleoclimate Reconstruction Utilizing Stable Isotopic And Trace Element Proxies In A Stalagmite From Culverson Creek Cave, West Virginia, Ashley Nicole Gilbert

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

A reconstruction of regional climate variability in southern West Virginia that spans the last glacial/interglacial transition is presented. Paleoclimate interpretations obtained from the 50-cm long stalagmite provide key insights regarding the timing, magnitude, and forcing mechanisms responsible for past climate variability. Stable isotopic (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C) and trace element (Ba, Sr, Mg) signatures from samples contiguously milled along the growth-axis of a ²³⁰Th-dated stalagmite which grew between approximately 20 and 5 thousand years before present (kyr BP) provide critical constraints for above-cave mean annual temperature, seasonality of moisture mean annual precipitation, and potential vegetation shifts. …

Feasibility Of Using 15N-Enriched Escherichia Coli As A Bacterial Tracer In The Cane Run/Royal Spring Basin, Kentucky, John G. Warden

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

A novel tracer method has used ¹⁵N to label Escherichia coli and track the transport of bacteria, a common contaminant, through karst aquifers. Use of this method could provide valuable insight into the movement of bacteria in aquifers, which would help improve remediation methods and strategies. A wild strain of E. coli was isolated from the Cane Run/Royal Spring basin in the Inner Bluegrass region of Kentucky. The strain was serotyped O^-:H^- and virulence testing showed the strain did not have virulence factors of E. coli commonly pathogenic to humans. Five karst microcosms were filled with …

Chromium, Copper, And Arsenic Concentration And Speciation In Soil Adjacent To Chromated Copper Arsenate (Cca) Treated Lumber Along A Topohydrosequence, Donald Roy Schwer Iii

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr), and Copper (Cu) are ubiquitous in soils as a result of anthropogenic and geogenic processes. The fate of As, Cr, and Cu in the environment is largely governed by their speciation, which is influenced by soil physiochemical properties. This study investigated the influence of soil physiochemical properties and landscape position on As, Cr, and Cu concentration and speciation in soils adjacent to Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) treated lumber fence posts. Concentration gradients showed elevated total As and Cu adjacent to the three fence posts, which decreased with increasing distance from the posts. In addition, As and …

Breathing Like A Fish, Petros J. Katsioloudis

STEMPS Faculty Publications

The article offers information on industrial oxygen rebreathers, an underwater breathing equipment used by divers. It states that rebreather is an electromechanical device that supply breathing gas through infusion of oxygen and reprocessing of carbon dioxide by using a chemical scrubber. It mentions that most rebreathers comprise of breathing loop, breathing lungs, and a canister where the scrubber is placed with the partial pressure (pO₂) sensors and interface devices like heads-up display (HUD) to show pO₂ levels. It also discusses types of rebreathers such as the oxygen rebreather, the oldest rebreather mainly used by navy diver, and …

Ancient Dna Analyses Exclude Humans As The Driving Force Behind Late Pleistocene Musk Ox (Ovibos Moschatus) Population Dynamics, Paula F. Campos, Eske Willerslev, Andrei Sher, Ludovic Orlando, Erik Axelsson, Alexei Tikhonov, Kim Aaris-Sorensen, Alex D. Greenwood, Ralf-Dietrich Kahlke, Pavel Kosintsev

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The causes of the late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions are poorly understood. Different lines of evidence point to climate change, the arrival of humans, or a combination of these events as the trigger. Although many species went extinct, others, such as caribou and bison, survived to the present. The musk ox has an intermediate story: relatively abundant during the Pleistocene, it is now restricted to Greenland and the Arctic Archipelago. In this study, we use ancient DNA sequences, temporally unbiased summary statistics, and Bayesian analytical techniques to infer musk ox population dynamics throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene. Our results reveal …

An Analysis Of Anchitherine Equids Across The Eocene–Oligocene Boundary In The White River Group Of The Western Great Plains, David M. Masciale

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Anchitherine horses are a subfamily of equids that are abundantly represented in the late Eocene and early Oligocene of North America. This group has been heavily studied in the past, but important questions still remain. Some studies have focused on the Eocene-Oligocene boundary and have used these equids along with other taxa to study mammalian diet and climate change through this interval. I reexamine two anchitherine genera, Mesohippus and Miohippus, from stratigraphic sequences of the White River Group in western Nebraska and southwestern South Dakota. These sequences span the Chadronian (late Eocene), Orellan (early Oligocene), and Whitneyan (early Oligocene) …

Late Devonian Spermatophyte Diversity And Paleoecology At Red Hill, North-Central Pennsylvania, U.S.A., Walter L. Cressler Iii, Cyrille Prestianni, Ben A. Lepage

Earth & Space Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Terrestrialization In The Late Devonian: A Palaeoecological Overview Of The Red Hill Site, Pennsylvania, Usa, Walter L. Cressler Iii, Edward B. Daeschler, Rudy Slingerland, Daniel A. Peterson

Earth & Space Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Glacial Deposits, Vol. 38, 2009-2010, Department Of Geography-Geology

Glacial Deposits

Newsletter of the Department of Geography-Geology

Paleogeographic, Paleoceanographic, And Tectonic Controls On Early Late Ordovician Graptolite Diversity Patterns, Daniel Goldman, Shuang-Ye Wu

Department of Earth, Environment and Sustainability Faculty Publications

The Katian Age (early Late Ordovician) was a time of significant decline in marine biodiversity, but whether this decline was a real phenomenon or an artifact of the relatively few studies devoted to this interval requires further research. We examined the pattern of graptolite faunal changes across the boundary between the Climacograptus bicornis and Diplacanthograptus caudatus graptolite zones in North America and on several other continents.

A sharp decline in species diversity occurs in the Appalachian Basin. Scores for normalized diversity dropped from 20 in the C. bicornis Zone to 7 in the D. caudatus Zone. Only 11% of the …

Women In Glaciology, An Historical Perspective, Christina L. Hulbe, Weili Wang, Simon Ommanney

Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Women's history in glaciology extends as far back in time as the discipline itself, although their contributions to the scientific discourse have for all of that history been constrained by the sociopolitical contexts of the times. The first Journal of Glaciology paper authored by a woman appeared in 1948, within a year of the founding of the Journal, but it was not until the 1980s that women produced more than a few percent of Journal and Annals of Glaciology papers. Here international perspectives on women's participation in the sciences are presented in order to establish an economic and sociopolitical context …

Taxonomy Of Rudists From The Campanian Transgressive Sediments Of Brašljevica, Donje Orešje And Sv. Martin, Northern Croatia, Alan Moro, Vlasta Cosovic, Josip Benic, Jasmina Dokmanovic

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Rudists are common fossils in transgressive Upper Cretaceous deposits in three localities placed in northwestern part of Croatia. Their appearances coincide with the beginning of a transgressive sequence through floatstones-thickets. Within the rudist community, Vaccinites Fischer 1887, Hippurites Lamarck 1801 and Hippuritella Douvillé 1908 could be differentiated according to their general or generic morphological elements. The age of deposits was obtained from the Sr-isotope composition of the rudist shells as well as the micro- and nannofossil community from sediments overlying the rudists-bearing sediments at the Donje Oresje and Brasljevica localities. According to this data the age of the transgressive sediments …

Campanian-Maastrichtian Pseudosabinia From Turkey: Descriptions And Taxonomic Problems, Saci̇t Özer

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Specimens of taxa assigned to Pseudosabinia Morris & Skelton, collected from the Campanian-Maastrichtian sequences of different regions of Turkey such as the Kocaeli Peninsula, Amasya, Bayburt (Pontides), Sivas, Malatya, Elazığ (eastern Anatolian platform) and Kahta-Adıyaman and Yaylaçiftliği-Antakya (northernmost part of the Arabian platform), are determined and the taxonomic statuses of the species are discussed. Pseudosabinia klinghardti (Böhm) uniquely presents all the characteristic features of the genus. Other species and subspecies assigned to the genus 'Pseudosabinia' rtanjica (Pejovic), 'Pseudosabinia' serbica (Kühn & Pejovic), 'Pseudosabinia' rtanjica triangularis (Karacabey) and 'Pseudosabinia' rtanjica tunisiensis (Philip) lack the cellular prismatic structure of the outer shell …

Spatial Variations Of Salinity, Temperature And Pressure On The Flank Of A Salt Dome, Offshore Louisiana: Implications For Mechanisms Of Fluid Flow, Andrew Kevin Steen

LSU Master's Theses

Salt dome dissolution in the Gulf of Mexico sedimentary basin is a primary cause for elevated pore water salinities in the subsurface. Temperature, pressure, salinity, lithology and fluid density are parameters often used to identify preferential conduits and driving forces for fluid migration. These parameters were calculated using 20 wireline logs covering 40 km² on the south flank of a salt dome on the continental shelf, offshore Louisiana. 3-D seismic has been utilized to determine location of faults, to aid in sand correlation, and to provide a structural overview of the dome. Vertical and lateral variations in lithology, salinity, temperature, …

Speciation Of Heavy Metals In Disturbed And Undisturbed Sediments From Atchafalaya Bay, Houma Navigation Canal, And Southwest Pass, Louisiana, Amanda Jo Zimmerman

LSU Master's Theses

In coastal Louisiana it is common to use dredge spoil to build marshland that has been lost due to a variety of factors. Under various conditions such as deposition in a drained oxygenated environment, metals in the spoil can become more bioavailable posing a threat to the ecosystem. This study compares metal availability in natural and dredged sediments to determine what changes occur in nature. Forty four samples from three locations, Atchafalaya Delta, Houma Navigation Canal, and Southwest Pass, were analyzed for 13 common elements with known or potentially harmful health effects; Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, …

Taphonomy And Sedimentology Of Two Miocene Vertebrate Fossil Sites On Fort Polk, Louisiana, Julie Lynn Hill

LSU Master's Theses

The discovery of a terrestrial mammalian fauna in the Miocene deposits on Fort Polk, Louisiana, fills a geographic gap in the Gulf Coast paleontological framework, but the provenance of the fossils, nature of the depositional environments, and relationships between the sites is still debated. This is especially true for the TVOR site cluster. TVOR SE has a mixture of marine and terrestrial vertebrates in association with a partly dissolved, in situ bed of articulated oyster shells, which stands in contrast to the fully terrestrial and freshwater assemblage at TVOR, and the indeterminate site TVOR S. Although limited outcrop may bias …

Characterization Of Soil Carbon Stabilization In Long-Term Row-Cropped Agro-Ecosystems, Soraya Patricia Alvarado-Ochoa

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a dynamic soil property, sensitive and responsive to many factors. The possibility of increasing soil carbon (C) sequestration by changing land use and management practices has been of great interest recently due to concerns with global changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) balance. Nonetheless, as a result of the complex dynamics of SOM, there is still the need for SOM characterization procedures capable of monitoring SOM stabilization, taking into account all the factors involved.

This study characterized SOM stabilization as affected by management practices in three long-term field experiments, considering physical, chemical …

The No. 5 Block In Eastern Kentucky: A Critical Re-Examination Of The Petrology With Special Attention To The Origin Of Inertinite Macerals In The Splint Lithotypes, Allison Ranae Richardson

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Microbes, including fungi and bacteria, and insects are responsible for the consumption and subsequent degradation of plant materials into humus. These microbes directly and indirectly affect the physical and chemical characteristics of coal macerals. Efforts to understand and determine the origins of inertinite macerals are largely misrepresented in the literature, conforming to a single origin of fire. This study focuses on the variability of physical and inferred chemical differences observed petrographically between the different inertinite macerals and discusses the multiple pathways plant material may take to form and or degrade these macerals.

Petrographic results show that fungal activity plays a …

Effects Of Livestock Antibiotics On Nitrification, Denitrification, And Microbial Community Compositon In Soils Along A Topographic Gradient, Sagarika Banerjee

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Several types of antibiotics (roxarsone, virginiamycin, and bacitracin) are widely included in poultry feed to improve animal growth yields. Most of the antibiotics are excreted in manure which is subsequently applied to soils. One concern with this practice is that antibiotics may affect several microbially-mediated nutrient cycling reactions in soils that influence crop productivity and water quality. The main objectives of this study were to determine the effects of livestock antibiotics on nitrification, denitrification, and microbial community composition in soils along a topographic gradient. These objectives were addressed in a series of lab experiments by monitoring changes in inorganic N …

Combined Effects Of Heat Waves And Droughts On Avian Communities Across The Conterminous United States, Thomas P. Albright, Anna M. Pidgeon, Chadwick D. Rittenhouse, Murray K. Clayton, Brian D. Wardlow, Curtis H. Flather, Patrick D. Culbert, Volker C. Radeloff

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Increasing surface temperatures and climatic variability associated with global climate change are expected to produce more frequent and intense heat waves and droughts in many parts of the world. Our goal was to elucidate the fundamental, but poorly understood, effects of these extreme weather events on avian communities across the conterminous United States. Specifically, we explored: (1) the effects of timing and duration of heat and drought events, (2) the effects of jointly occurring drought and heat waves relative to these events occurring in isolation, and (3) how effects vary among functional groups related to nest location and migratory habit, …

Collapse Of The Maya: Could Deforestation Have Contributed?, Robert J. Oglesby, Thomas L. Sever, William Saturno, David J. Erickson Iii, Jayanthi Srikishen

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The collapse of the Maya civilization during the ninth century A.D. is a major conundrum in the history of mankind. This civilization reached a spectacular peak but then almost completely collapsed in the space of a few decades. While numerous explanations have been put forth to explain this collapse, in recent years, drought has gained favor. This is because water resources were a key for the Maya, especially to ensure their survival during the lengthy dry season that occurs where they lived. Natural drought is a known, recurring feature of this region, as evidenced by observational data, reconstructions of past …

Copper Isotope Fractionation During Surface Adsorption And Intracellular Incorporation By Bacteria, Jesica Urbina Navarrete

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Copper isotopes may prove to be a useful tool for investigating bacteria-metal interactions recorded in natural waters, soils, and rocks. However, experimental data that constrain Cu isotope fractionation in biologic systems are limited and unclear. In this study we utilized Cu isotopes (65Cu) as a tool to investigate Cu-bacteria interactions, including surface adsorption and intracellular incorporation. Experiments were conducted with individual Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacterial species as well as with bacterial consortia from several natural environments. Adsorption experiments were conducted with live or dead cells over the pH range 2.5 to 6. Surface adsorption of Cu …

Preliminary Archaeological Investigations At The Sierra Diablo Cave Site: Paleoindian And Archaic Occupations In Hudspeth County, Texas, Jose Javier Vasquez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

It is generally rare to find archaeological sites in the Southwest that retain the type of contextual integrity that the Sierra Diablo Cave exhibits. Often times, cave sites such as the one currently studied offer excellent preservation of cultural materials due to the general lack of moisture and isolation from wind and water erosion. The research aimed to determine when the site was occupied as well as the types of activities that were occurring during those occupations. It exhibits an extensive stratigraphic sequence that contains a well pronounced Late Archaic Period assemblage (Strata A and B) and a Late Pleistocene/Early …

Numerical Ages Of Selected Rudist Bivalvia: Preliminary Results, Robert W. Scott

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The ranges of most biostratigraphically diagnostic fossils have been calibrated to the geologic time scale in mega-annums. Five methods for integrating fossil ranges with the numerical geologic time scale are currently used: (1) species in stratigraphic positions with radiometrically dated beds; (2) strontium isotopes of unaltered shell material; (3) cyclostratigraphic frequencies of enclosing strata; (4) integration with zones and sequence stratigraphy; and (5) graphic correlation. Preliminary studies show that rudist occurrences have been calibrated in numerical ages by Sr isotopes, zonal integration and graphic correlation. Where the same species are dated by two methods, a more complete range is the …