Digital Commons Network^™

In-Cave Dye Tracing And Drainage Basin Divides In The Mammoth Cave Karst Aquifer, Kentucky, Chris Groves, Joe Meiman, Shannon Herstein

Earth, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty Publications

Karst ground-water basin divides are generally depicted as two-dimensional lines on maps, but they are better considered as three-dimensional surfaces within the subsurface. Dye traces are necessary to map out these surfaces and to locate conduits inaccessible to cave surveyors, and are indispensable for understanding the geometry of the complex networks of flow paths through the aquifer. A key reason why the Mammoth Cave System is the world's longest known cave is that its passages extend over several major ground-water basins. The divides between these basins define the drainage system geometry and precise location of them is critical for understanding …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 76, No. 35, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. Articles in this issue:

• Walsh, Erica. Chris Groves Recovering After Dramatic Cave Rescue – Sides Cave
• Lynch, Caroline. Night-long Rescue Effort Has Happy Ending – Chris Groves
• Youngman, Sam. Students Helping Bowling Green Economic Boom
• Pre-Law Club Hosting Panel
• New Support Group Forming – Eating Disorders
• Hall, Rex. New Traffic Signal Delayed – University Boulevard
• Ragan, Jason. Engineering Program A Step Closer
• Student Government Association Will Benefit from Online Voting
• Grady, Brian. Editorial Cartoon re: Virtual Voting
• Kreitzer, Debbie. Opinion Page an Instrument of Gossip
• Van der Meer, Wieb. …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 76, No. 34, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. Articles in this issue:

• Karen, Mattias. Professor Trapped in Cave – Chris Groves
• Walsh, Erica. Elections May Go Online – Student Government Association
• Hoang, Mai Beauty King – Matt Curry, Mr. Hilltopper
• Western Grad Places Eighth in Hearst – Matt Batcheldor
• Forensics Team Wins Indiana Tournament
• Moore, Brian. Race Lawsuit File Full of Discrepancies, Contradictions – Robert Dye
• Football Players Deserve Rings
• Grady, Brian. Editorial Cartoon re: Football Championship Rings
• Conger, Aaron. Teachers Should Show Compassion
• Chaney, David. Intro to Toilet Flushing – General Education
• Moore, Conrad. Geography, Geology …

Ecoregions Of Nebraska And Kansas, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources; they are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research, assessment, management, and monitoring of ecosystems and ecosystem components. Ecoregions are directly applicable to the immediate needs of state agencies, including the development of biological criteria and water quality standards, and the establishment of management goals for nonpoint-source pollution. They are also relevant to integrated ecosystem management, an ultimate goal of most federal and state resource management agencies. The approach used to compile this map is based on the premise …

Origin Of Late Quaternary Dune Fields On The Southern High Plains Of Texas And New Mexico, Daniel R. Muhs, Vance T. Holliday

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Mostly stabilized late Holocene eolian sands on the Southern High Plains of the United States were studied to determine their origins and to assess whether present dune stability depends more strongly on sediment supply, sediment availability, or transport limitations. Geomorphic, sedimentological, and geochemical trends indicate that late Holocene dunes formed under westerly paleowinds, broadly similar to those of today. Mineralogical and geochemical data indicate that the most likely source for the sands is not the Pecos River valley, but the Pleistocene Blackwater Draw Formation, an older, extensive eolian deposit in the region. These observations suggest that new sand is supplied …

Bedrock Geology And Sea-Level History Of Fayetteville Quadrangle, Washington County, Arkansas, Maria E. King, Jack T. King, Stephen K. Boss

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A digital map depicting the detailed bedrock geology of Fayetteville Quadrangle, Washington County, Arkansas was produced at 1:24,000 scale. This map was developed utilizing state-of-the-art Geographic Information Systems technology and represents the most detailed map of the geology of Fayetteville Quadrangle that has been produced. In addition, the stratigraphy was interpreted to develop a regional sea-level history for the quadrangle. The bedrock geology of Fayetteville Quadrangle consists of sedimentary rocks of the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian systems. The Mississippian System is represented by (in ascending order) the Boone, Batesville, Fayetteville, and Pitkin Formations. The Pennsylvanian System is represented by (in ascending …

Spatial Distribution Of Phosphorus In Fluvial Sediments From The James River Basin, Sw Missouri, Briain Fredrick

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Degraded ·water quality in the James River Arm of Table Rock Lake, southwest Missouri has raised concerns about sources and transport of nutrients, especially phosphorus, in the James River Basin. Sections of the James River Basin have been identified as having excessive nutrient problems on the Missouri Department of Natural Resources 303d list and ranked fifth in the state for water quality improvements. Understanding the sources and transport patterns of phosphorus in the James River is necessary to evaluate contamination problems and the effectiveness of management efforts to reduce phosphorus inputs to the lake. This study uses bed sediments to …

Spatial Patterns And Floodplain Contributions Of Mining-Related Contaminants In Chat Creek Watershed, Southwest Missouri, Jimmy Trimble

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Past mining activities have left a legacy of water quality problems in the Tri-State Mining District. Contemporary environmental risks stem from the release of lead and zinc from mine tailings previously dispersed far downstream in alluvial deposits as well as abandoned tailings piles. This study examines mining-related heavy metal contamination in the Chat Creek Watershed. Chat Creek drains the area near Aurora, Missouri on the eastern edge of the Tri-State District where mining occurred from 1886 to about 1930. This study identifies the spatial distribution of metal contamination in fluvial sediments and quantifies the role of bank erosion as a …

Spatial Assessment Of Nonpoint Phosphorus Sources Using Streambed Sediment Monitoring In The Kings River Basin, Nw Arkansas, Jason W. White

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

This study of the Kings River Basin provides a watershed-scale assessment of streambed sediment-Phosphorus (P) and its sources on the landscape. The Kings River drains into Table Rock Lake where surface algal blooms have concerned water scientists and disrupted summer tourism. There are questions about how sediment loads, widespread poultry and cattle operations, and sewage treatment plants are affecting water quality. Previous water quality studies across the U.S. have generally evaluated watercolurnn P. In contrast, few studies have used streambed sediment monitoring to detect P levels at a watershed-scale, and none have been attempted in the Kings River Basin. Sediment …

Wa Soil Erosion Under Investigation, George Richard Dr

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A survey of soil erosion at 70 sites throughout Western Australia, recently completed as a part of a National Reconnaissance Survey, has shown that erosion is occurring at an unsustainable rate. While still to be compiled into a national publication, Dr Richard George reports on the Western Australian results, and discusses options for management and further investigation.

Depositional Environments For Strata Cored In Crp-3 (Cape Roberts Project), Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica: Palaeoglaciological And Palaeoclimatological Inferences, R. D. Powell, M. G. Laird, T. R. Naish, Christopher R. Fielding, L. A. Krissek, J.J. M. Van Der Meer

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Cape Roberts Project drill core 3 (CRP-3) was obtained from Roberts ridge, a sea-floor high located at 77^oS, 12 km offshore from Cape Roberts in western McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. The recovered core is about 939 m long and comprises strata dated as being early Oligocene (possibly latest Eocene) in age, resting unconformably on ~116 m of basement rocks consisting of Palaeozoic Beacon Supergroup sediments. The core includes ten facies commonly occurring in five major associations that are repeated in particular sequences throughout the core and which are interpreted as representing different depositional environments through time. Depositional systems inferred …

Spatial And Temporal Variability In Snowmelt Onset Over Arctic Sea Ice, Mark R. Anderson, Sheldon D. Drobot

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Climate models suggest surface warming in the Arctic will be rapid and pronounced, implying substantial changes in snowmelt onset are likely. This research therefore examines spatial and temporal variability in passive-microwave derived snowmelt-onset dates over Arctic sea ice. The objectives are to understand better the regional characteristics of snowmelt and to document whether the snowmelt-onset record shows signs of climate change. Snowmelt-onset dates are derived with Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager brightness-temperature data, and they are subsequently stratified into 13 regions to analyze spatial and temporal variability. Results illustrate significant spatial variability in snowmelt onset, with the …

Evidence For Millennial-Scale Climate Change During Marine Isotope Stages 2 And 3 At Little Lake, Western Oregon, U.S.A., Laurie D. Grigg, Cathy Whitlock, Walter E. Dean

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Pollen and geochemical data from Little Lake, western Oregon, suggest several patterns of millennial-scale environmental change during marine isotope stage (MIS) 2 (14,100–27,600 cal yr B.P.) and the latter part of MIS 3 (27,600–42,500 cal yr B.P.). During MIS 3, a series of transitions between warm- and cold-adapted taxa indicate that temperatures oscillated by ca. 2±–4±C every 1000–3000 yr. Highs and lows in summer insolation during MIS 3 are generally associated with the warmest and coldest intervals. Warm periods at Little Lake correlate with warm sea-surface temperatures in the Santa Barbara Basin. Changes in the strength of the subtropical high …

Weathering Crust Processes On Melting Glacier Ice (Alberta, Canada), Corinne Joanne Schuster

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This thesis examines the relationship between the energy balance and hydrology of a glacier at the ice surface interface during the melt season. Experimental sub-catchments were established on the ablation area of the Peyto Glacier, Alberta, Canada, during the summers of 1994, 1995 and 1997. These sub-catchments were equipped with meteorological and hydrological instrumentation to examine relationships in the surface layer. Specifically, the development of a phenomenon known as the weathering crust is followed by examining the ratio between potential surface lowering (calculated from energy available for melt) and actual surface lowering (as measured in the field). This enables an …

Data Report: Carbon Isotopic Composition Of Dissolved Co2, Co2 Gas, And Methane, Blake-Bahama Ridge And Northeast Bermuda Rise, Odp Leg 172, Walter S. Borowski, Namik Cagatay, Y Tournois, Charles K. Paull

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Carbon isotopic data of interstitial dissolved CO2 (ΣCO2), CO2 gas, and methane show that a variety of microbial diagenetic processes produce the observed isotopic trends. Anaerobic methane oxidation (AMO) is an important process near the sulfate-methane interface (SMI) that strongly influences the isotopic composition of ΣCO2 in the sulfate reduction and upper methanogenic zones, which in turn impacts methane isotopic composition. Dissolved CO2 and methane are maximally depleted in 3C near the SMI, where C values are as light as –31.8‰ and –101‰ PDB for ΣCO2 and methane, respectively. CO2 reduction links the CO2 and methane pools in the methanogenic …

Glacial Deposits, Vol. 29, 2000-2001, Department Of Geography-Geology

Glacial Deposits

Newsletter of the Department of Geography-Geology

Gis-Based Decision Support For Drained Wetland Resoration In The Eel River Watershed Of N. E. Indiana, Xiangheng Yang

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research is to develop cost-effect and accurate methods to identify optimal restorable drained wetland cropland sites. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data analysis was used to identify the potential cropland candidate sites in the initial step. The result of digital TM data analysis shows that the overall classification accuracy in identifying classes of potential restoration candidate hydric soils is 86.7%. This accuracy shows that the TM data digital analysis is a cost-effective method for identifying poorly drained cropland hydric soils potentially suitable for wetland conversiOn. To support multi-factorial analysis in the final site screening, a Spatial Decision …

Chemical And Biological Trends During Lake Evolution In Recently Deglaciated Terrain, Daniel R. Engstrom, Sherilyn C. Fritz, James E. Almendinger, Stephen Juggins

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

As newly formed landscapes evolve, physical and biological changes occur that are collectively known as primary succession. Although succession is a fundamental concept in ecology, it is poorly understood in the context of aquatic environments. The prevailing view is that lakes become more enriched in nutrients as they age, leading to increased biological production. Here we report the opposite pattern of lake development, observed from the water chemistry of lakes that formed at various times within the past 10,000 years during glacial retreat at Glacier Bay, Alaska. The lakes have grown more dilute and acidic with time, accumulated dissolved organic …

Proceedings Of The Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Conference: Environmental Hydrology, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The papers and abstracts in these proceedings are the result of a joint conference of the Arkansas Water Resources Center (A WRC) with the SouthCentral Section of the Geological Society of America. The joint conference was a success with about 250 participants. A WRC sponsored two sessions on Environmental Hydrology and a short course titled "Hydrogeology and Geochemistry of Salt Water Contamination." The Environmental Hydrology presentations covered wide-ranging topics that reflect the diversity of the environmental settings across Arkansas. Topics ranged from salt water and critical ground water issues in the Delta to endangered species and interbasin ground-water recharge in …

Geosciences Newsletter - 2000, Department Of Geosciences

Geological and Environmental Sciences News

Vol.1, No. 25

• Greetings All
• Faculty News
• Groundwater Education in Michigan News
• Graduate Student News
• Alumni News
• Advisory Council News

Earth News, Fall 2000, Department Of Earth Science, University Of Northern Iowa.

Earth News

Inside this issue:

--- From the Department Head
--- Earth Science Staff Activities
--- Earth Science Majors
--- 2000 Earth Science Graduates
--- Earth Science Seminar Series
--- Earth Science Student Assistants
--- Sigma Gamma Epsilon - Gamma Sigma Chapter
--- Gifts to the Department of Earth Science
--- 2000-2001 Scholarship and Award Recipients
--- Earth Science Alumni News
--- 1999-2000 Scholarship and Award Recipients

Effect Of The Direction Of The Blast On Vegetation Recovery Within The Zone Of Devastation Created By The May 18, 1980 Eruption Of Mount St. Helens, Washington, Dmitri Barkovsky

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A number of different remote sensing techniques were used to analyze Landsat TM image data in order to study vegetation recovery patterns at three locations within the zone of devastation of Mount St. Helens (MSH). Prior to the May 18, 1980 eruption, the vegetation in the area ofMSH was characterized by mature coniferous forest disturbed only by a few clearcuts, according to analysis of Landsat MSS data. As a result of the MSH eruption, more than 600 sq. km of the area predominantly north of the volcano were severely devastated by a number of volcanic events such as phreatic explosions, …

Comparative Analysis Of Thebes And Kirk Lithic Technology And Home Range Implications In Southwestern Indiana, Mark E. Cantin

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Early Archaic populations are typically characterized as highly mobile forager groups with expansive home ranges, though little distinction is made between systems of penecontemporaneous groups. This thesis will investigate and compare home range size, technology, and material type and quality selection practices between two Early Archaic populations as manifested by Kirk and Thebes Cluster projectile points in a data set recovered from southwestern Indiana. The mechanisms behind and the relationships between chert selection and mobility will be shown as a complex feedback loop. As such, the role of curation, embeddedness, and risk management in technological organization and the potential influence …

Sedimentologic And Paleogeomorphologic Character Of The Western Beteiha Plain, Israel, Laura Baker

Student Work

The geographical problem addressed in this study was to reconstruct the paleogeography of the western Beteiha Plain, located between Bethsaida and the Sea of Galilee and determine its sedimentologic and paleogeomorphologic character. Grain size analysis of sediments, along with sediment color was used to reconstruct the landscape and identify areas such as estuaries or lagoons.

Sediment samples were collected throughout the Beteiha Plain at selected locations. Excavation and collection was accomplished with hand-driven core equipment and backhoe trenches.

The multidisciplinary approach used in this project included fieldwork for sediment collection, laboratory analysis for the production of the data necessary to …

Identity, Conflict And Cooperation In International River Basins, Jack V. Kalpakian

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation tests the hypothesis that water disputes cause serious conflict within and between states. It uses a structured case study approach to see whether there is a link between the independent and dependent variables. It also considers the effect of other variables on serious conflict. Specifically it addresses the effects of national identity and the othering process on conflict. The three case studies are built around rivers in the drier parts of the world. This biases the dissertation towards affirming the established mainstream hypothesis which states that water disputes cause serious conflict. In all three cases, historical animosities and …

Chronic And Emerging Water Issues In The South Platte/Front Range Corridor, James S. Lochhead

Water and Growth in the West (Summer Conference, June 7-9)

16 pages.

Regionalized Water Management: An Evolving Hydrocommons?, Gary D. Weatherford

Water and Growth in the West (Summer Conference, June 7-9)

26 pages.

Contains footnotes and 8 pages of references.

Agenda: Water And Growth In The West, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center, The William And Flora Hewlett Foundation

Water and Growth in the West (Summer Conference, June 7-9)

1 v. (various pagings) : ill., maps ; 29 cm. + 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.) + supplement (207 p. ; 29 x 24 cm.)

"Conference co-sponsor The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation."

Conference moderators included University of Colorado School of Law professors Gary C. Bryner, James N. Corbridge, Jr., David H. Getches, Douglas S. Kenney, Kathryn M. Mutz, Peter D. Nichols and Charles F. Wilkinson.

Accompanied by: CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.) and supplement (xiv, 140, [49] p.)

Includes bibliographical references

The event will cover a breadth of issues, including demographics and water-use trends, improved planning and efficient use, implementation …

Shifts In Mid- To Late-Holocene Anion Composition In Elk Lake (Grant County, Minnesota): Comparison Of Diatom And Ostracode Inferences, Jasmine E. Saros, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Alison J. Smith

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The fossil diatom record from Elk Lake (Grant County, Minnesota) was used to reconstruct salinity and brine type between 2640 and 4645 ¹⁴C yr BP. This lake was selected for a brine-type reconstruction because a previous study using fossil-ostracode assemblages indicated a shift in anion composition during the mid-Holocene (Smith et al., 1997). Salinity was reconstructed using a transfer function developed for the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America; the reconstruction revealed that salinity was higher (1.5–6.2 g l⁻¹) between ~4000 and 4645 14C yr BP and dropped to 0.35–1.2 g l−1 after 4000 14C yr …

The Sequence Stratigraphy Of The Middle Cambrian Wheeler Formation In The Drum Mountains Of West Central Utah, Loren P. Schneider

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The majority of the Middle Cambrian Wheeler Formation in the Drum Mountains was deposited during a single 3^rd order sequence. Superimposed onto this sequence are three indistinct 4^th order cycles and twenty distinct 5^th order cycles. These higher order cycles were likely deposited within short intervals of geologic time (204 to 405 ky).

The lower sequence boundary zone occurs within the Swasey Formation. The Transgressive Surface is the contact between the Swasey and Wheeler Formations. The Maximum Flooding Surface is located near the top of the lower Wheeler Formation, which also approximates the base of the Ptychagnostus …