Digital Commons Network^™

Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Micronutrient Deficiencies., Javed Yakoob, Wasim Jafri, Shahab Abid

Section of Gastroenterology

It is known that deficiencies of micronutrients due to infections increase morbidity and mortality. This phenomenon depicts itself conspicuously in developing countries. Deficiencies of iron, vitamins A, E, C, B12, etc are widely prevalent among populations living in the third world countries. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection has a high prevalence throughout the world. Deficiencies of several micronutrients due to H pylori infection may be concomitantly present and vary from subtle sub-clinical states to severe clinical disorders. These essential trace elements/micronutrients are involved in host defense mechanisms, maintaining epithelial cell integrity, glycoprotein synthesis, transport mechanisms, myocardial contractility, brain development, cholesterol …

Inside Unlv, Cate Weeks, Diane Russell, Carol C. Harter, Martin Watson

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Candida Esophagitis: Risk Factors In Non-Hiv Population In Pakistan, Javed Yakoob, Wasim Jafri, Shahab Abid, Nadim Jafri, Muhammad Islam, Saeed Hamid, Hasnain Ali Shah, Akbar S. Hussainy

Section of Gastroenterology

AIM:

Candida esophagitis is a frequent infection in immunocompromised patients. This study was designed to determine its characteristics in non- human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infected patients attending a teaching hospital.

METHODS:

Clinical records of all patients coded by international classification of diseases 9th revision with clinical modifications' (ICD-9-CM), with candida esophagitis diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathology over a period of 5 years were studied.

RESULTS:

Fifty-one patients (27 males, 24 females, range 21-77 years old and mean age 52.9 years) fulfilled the criteria (0.34% of the EGD). The common predisposing factors were carcinoma (OR 3.87, CI 1.00-14.99) and …

Irritable Bowel Syndrome In Health Care Professionals In Pakistan, Wasim Jafri, Javed Yakoob, Nadim Jafri, Mahesh Maloni, Saeed Hamid, Hasnain Ali Shah, Shahab Abid

Section of Gastroenterology

Objective: To evaluate the symptomatology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among health care professionals attending an IBS symposium in a tertiary care university hospital. Method: A questionnaire designed to incorporate Manning and Rome II criteria was distributed among participants of an IBS symposium, most of them were health care professionals. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed, 41 had symptoms fulfilling criteria of IBS. In these patients male: female ratio was 28:13 with age range 18-68. Results: The predominant symptom was abdominal pain 87.8 % (36/41) which was aggravated post-prandially 72.2% (29/41), relieved following defecation in 87 % (35/41) with …

Multiple Psychosocial Factors As Predictors In The Progression Of Hiv-1 To Aids, Robert Louis Dutile

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Nearly 3.1 million individuals have died of AIDS as of December 2002 and more than 38.6 million individuals were identified as being infected with HIV (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AEDS (UNAIDS) and World Health Organization (WHO) 2002). Psychoneuroimmunology is a discipline that increases our understanding of the relationships between psychosocial factors, the central nervous system, the immune system, and disease. From this perspective, this study reviews the biopsychosocial medical model and components of the stress-immunity-health (SET) model. The constructs of stress and social support are discussed and defined referencing current theory and research. In addition, physiological mechanisms of stress …

Validation Of A Serotonin Checklist In A Parkinson’S Disease Population, Kelly Diane Darby-Holder

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Although the distinctive pathological marker of Parkinson’s Disease is the progressive death of neurons that produce dopamine, there are also alterations in the production of quantities of other neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine and serotonin that contribute to the disease. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) can be divided into two distinct classes based on the manifestation of motor symptoms, Type A and Type B Parkinson’s Disease. Type B PD patients often manifest symptoms in which serotonin deficiency plays an important role, which often includes a history of depression. Within the brain and spinal cord serotonin has wide spread projections, acting as an important …

Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease In School Children--A Pilot Study., A. K. Khuwaja, Zafar Fatmi, W. B. Soomro, N. K. Khuwaja

Community Health Sciences

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the frequencies of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in school children. The information may help in designing interventions aimed at modifying unhealthy lifestyle in children, which may reduce the later incidence of cardiovascular disease in adults.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 206 students (ages 14-18 years), enrolled in higher secondary school. Students were interviewed about their lifestyles, family history of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Moreover, they were assessed for height, weight and blood pressure.

RESULTS:

Twenty nine percent of the children were physically inactive, 31% were taking unhealthy diet daily, 21% were overweight …

Cross-Calibration Of Stroke Disability Measures: Bayesian Analysis Of Longitudinal Ordinal Categorical Data Using Negative Dependence, Giovanni Parmigiani, Heidi W. Ashih, Gregory P. Samsa, Pamela W. Duncan, Sue Min Lai, David B. Matchar

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

It is common to assess disability of stroke patients using standardized scales, such as the Rankin Stroke Outcome Scale (RS) and the Barthel Index (BI). The Rankin Scale, which was designed for applications to stroke, is based on assessing directly the global conditions of a patient. The Barthel Index, which was designed for general applications, is based on a series of questions about the patient’s ability to carry out 10 basis activities of daily living. As both scales are commonly used, but few studies use both, translating between scales is important in gaining an overall understanding of the efficacy of …

Sheep Updates 2003 - Husbandry, Paul Barrett, Kevin Bell, J Greeff, L. Butler, S. Brown, K. Hart, A. Gray, John Karlsson, Paula Coombe, Ron Mctarrart, David Scobie, Sandy White

Sheep Updates

This session covers seven papers from different authors:1. Setting up a successful, low input feedlot Paul Barrett, ‘Bimberdong’ Jerramungup 2. Effective mineral supplementation of sheep Kevin Bell, Sheep Management and Production Consultants, Kojonup, WA 3. Genetic benchmarking for WA sheep producers J. Greeff, L. Butler, S. Brown, K. Hart and A. Gray Department of Agriculture Western Australia 4. Does selecting sheep for low WEC reduce scouring? John Karlsson, Johan Greeff and Paula Coombe, Department of Agriculture Western Australia 5. Summer quarters for sheep - stubbles Ron McTaggart, Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Albany 6. Thinking about breeding Easy Care Sheep? …

Sheep Updates 2003 - Plenaries, Ashley Mercy, David Scobie, Neil Buchanan, Kevin Bell, John Milton, Graeme Martin, Bob Hall, Maurie Stephen, Rob Woodgate

Sheep Updates

This session covers eight papers from different authors:1. Biosecurity in the sheep industry will improve production and profits Ashley Mercy, Department of Agriculture, Western Australia 2. Easy care sheep David Scobie, AgResearch, PO Box 60 Lincoln, 8152, New Zealand 3. Targeting the market’s requirements - live sheep exports Neil Buchanan, Manager Animal Health Operations, Primary Industries & Resources, South Australia 4. Setting flock breeding objectives Kevin Bell, Sheep Management and Production Consultants, Kojonup WA 5. Future feeding of sheep in Western Australia John Milton and Graeme Martin, The University of Western Australia 6. Recipe for getting back into Sheep Bob …

Ccr5 Mediates Specific Migration Of Toxoplasma Gondii—Primed Cd8+ Lymphocytes To Inflammatory Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Souphalone Luangsay, Lloyd H. Kasper, Nicolas Rachinel, Laurie A. Minns

Dartmouth Scholarship

Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite, can invade intestinal epithelial cells and elicit a robust Th1 immune response. In this model of intestinal inflammation, CD8⁺ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) secrete transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, which appears necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis in the intestine. However, the mechanism responsible for the IEL migration to the inflamed intestine is still unclear.An in vitro coculture cell system was used to quantify the IEL attraction by an infected intestinal epithelial cell line (m-IC_cl2). We used CCR5-deficient mice to determine which chemokine receptor—chemokine interaction could be responsible for the recruitment of …

On David Koplow's Smallpox: The Fight To Eradicate A Global Scourge, Lisa Donovan, David Alan Sapp

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

[First paragraph]

The world is free from the variola virus, more commonly known to us as the virus responsible for smallpox -- or at least it is almost free from it. Since the World Health Organization's (WHO) successful eradication campaign ended officially on December 9, 1979, smallpox no longer exists in its natural state, yet it does remain in securely isolated freezers in two locations: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention facility in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Russian State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology near Novosibirsk. In Smallpox: The Fight to Eradicate a Global Scourge, David Koplow …

Requirement For The Betai And Betaiv Tubulin Isotypes In Mammalian Cilia., Heather C Jensen-Smith, Richard F Ludueña, Richard Hallworth

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

Nielsen et al., [2001: Curr Biol 11:529-533], based on studies in Drosophila, have proposed that beta tubulin in axonemal microtubules must contain a specific acidic seven amino acid sequence in its carboxyl terminus. In mammals, the two betaIV isotypes (betaIVa and betaIVb) contain that sequence. In order to test the application of this hypothesis to mammals, we have examined the expression of beta tubulin isotypes in four different ciliated tissues (trachea, ependyma, uterine tube, and testis) using isotype-specific antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence. We find that betaIV tubulin is present in all ciliated cell types examined, but so is betaI tubulin. …

Temporal Stability And Geographic Variation In Cumulative Case Fatality Rates And Average Doubling Times Of Sars Epidemics, Alison P. Galvani, Xiudong Lei, Nicholas P. Jewell

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

We analyze temporal stability and geographic trends in cumulative case fatality rates and average doubling times of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). In part, we account for correlations between case fatality rates and doubling times through differences in control measures. We discuss factors that may alter future estimates of case fatality rates. We also discuss reasons for heterogeneity in doubling times among countries and the implications for the control of SARS in different countries and parameterization of epidemic models.

Probucol Prevents Early Coronary Heart Disease And Death In The High-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Sr-Bi/Apolipoprotein E Double Knockout Mouse, Anne Braun, Songwen Zhang, Helena E. Miettinen, Shamsah Ebrahim, Teresa M. Holm, Eliza Vasile, Mark J. Post

Dartmouth Scholarship

Mice with homozygous null mutations in the high-density lipoprotein receptor SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B, type I) and apolipoprotein E genes fed a low-fat diet exhibit a constellation of pathologies shared with human atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD): hypercholesterolemia, occlusive coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarctions, cardiac dysfunction (heart enlargement, reduced systolic function and ejection fraction, and ECG abnormalities), and premature death (mean age 6 weeks). They also exhibit a block in RBC maturation and abnormally high plasma unesterified-to-total cholesterol ratio (0.8) with associated abnormal lipoprotein morphology (lamellar/vesicular and stacked discoidal particles reminiscent of those in lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency and cholestasis). Treatment …

If Due Process Is A Big Tent, Why Do Some Feel Excluded From The Big Top, William S. Mattingly

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Potential Mechanisms Explaining The Antitumor Effect Of Total-Body Irradiation, Glen Michael Miller

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

While numerous reports have documented that radiation exposure increases the risk for malignancy and suppresses immune mechanisms, increasing evidence has suggested that low-dose total-body irradiation (TBI) may alter leukocyte composition and function leading to heightened immune responsiveness and long-term remission of certain cancers. Having observed that moderate-dose TBI produces an antitumor effect in the Lewis lung carcinoma (EEC) model, the major goal of this study was to determine whether changes in tumor growth could be correlated with radiation-induced alterations of immune system parameters. The governing hypothesis was that selective immune augmentation, i.e. upregulation of specific leukocyte subsets, is primarily responsible …

Regulation And Localization Of Endogenous Human Tristetraprolin, Anna-Marie Fairhurst, John E. Connolly, Katharine A Hintz, Nicolas J Goulding

Dartmouth Scholarship

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in the development and pathogenicity of infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders, such as septic shock and arthritis. The zinc-finger protein tristetraprolin (TTP) has been identified as a major regulator of TNF biosynthesis. To define its intracellular location and examine its regulation of TNF, a quantitive intracellular staining assay specific for TTP was developed. We establish for the first time that in peripheral blood leukocytes, express

Photodynamic Therapy, Ashley Thomas

McCabe Thesis Collection

Photodynamic therapy is a new treatment that is being introduced into the veterinary community. Photodynamic therapy is the use of light activated chemotherapy to kill cancer cells (Dougherty, 1998). It has already been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to be used as a form of cancer treatment in humans, but has not been carried over to the veterinary community. That is until now. Photodynamic therapy is now being tested in the veterinary community in hopes to find the same results that the human medical community has when dealing with certain types of cancer. They also hope to …

Plasma Total Homocysteine And The Effect Of B-Group Vitmains. Current Knowledge And Future Directions In Assessment For Cardiovascular Diseases Among U.S. Cardiovascular Specialists, Salam F. Sunna

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cardiovascular disease remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States claiming the lives of over 40% of the nearly 2.4 million Americans who die each year. Recent studies have shown that elevated homocysteine in the blood is related to a higher risk of coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke independent of other classical cardiovascular disease risk factors. The aim of this study is to determine the general awareness and acceptance of U.S. cardiovascular specialists of the homocysteine theory, the criteria used for ordering a homocysteine test, the frequency physicians refer patients to dietitians for …

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (Snp) Analysis Of Tumor Necrosis Factor (Tnf)-Α In Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections (Pandas) Subjects, Corinna Wilhelmina Vonniederhausern

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

In an ongoing research project, the Center for Persons with Disabilities at Utah State University, in collaboration with Dr. Susan E. Swedo at the National Institute of Mental Health, is evaluating genetic factors affecting the development of PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections). PANDAS is manifested in a group of prepubertal children who develop obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) following infection with Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcal (GABHS) bacteria. We are assessing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and other cytokines known to be important in autoimmune diseases.

Outbreak Of Sars, Ambreen Shakil, Muhammad Imran Omar, Saba Sohail

Department of Radiology

No abstract provided.

Special Article. Commentaries On A World At War: Sars, Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Preemption, The United Nations, International Respect And Confidence, And Truth., Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article highlights cognitive difficulties exposed by examples of contemporary security conflict.

A Computer Model Of Intracranial Pressure Dynamics During Traumatic Brain Injury That Explicitly Models Fluid Flows And Volumes, Wayne W. Wakeland, Brahm Goldstein, Louis Macovsky, James Mcnames

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

This report documents a computer model of intracranial pressure (ICP) dynamics that is used to evaluate clinical treatment options for elevated ICP during traumatic brain injury (TBI). The model uses fluid volumes as primary state variables and explicitly models fluid flows as well as the resistance, compliance, and pressure associated with each of the compartments (arteries and arterioles, capillary bed, veins, venous sinus, ventricles, and brain parenchyma). The model has been tested to assure that it reproduces a correct physiologic response to intra-and extra-parenchymal hemorrhage and edema, and to therapies directed at reducing ICP such as cerebral spinal fluid drainage, …

Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Muhammad Irfan, Javed Hussain, Riaz Lakdawala, Fayyaz Hussain, Javaid Khan

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

No abstract provided.

Association Of Iron Deficiency Anaemia In Children Of 1-2 Years Of Age With Low Birth Weight, Recurrent Diarrhoea Or Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection - A Myth Or Fact?, Niloufer Sultan Ali, Rukhsana Wamiq Zuberi

Department for Educational Development

No abstract provided.

The Ecological Ramifications Of Disease And Density In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Argus, Donald C. Behringer Jr.

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

In 1999, I discovered the first virus known to be pathogenic to any species of lobster. HLV-PA is a pathogenic herpes-like virus that infects juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, in the waters off south Florida (USA), and it alters the behavior and ecology of this species in fundamental ways. Gross signs of HLV-PA infection are lethargy, morbidity, cessation of molting, and discolored, “milky” hemolymph that does not clot. HLV-PA infects the hemocytes of host lobsters, specifically the hyalinocytes and semi-granulocytes, but not the granulocytes. When hemolymph from infected donors was injected into healthy juvenile lobsters, 90% of the …

The Short-Term Effects Of Grade 1 And 2 Joint Mobilizations On Subject Pain Range Of Motion And Muscle Activity In The Pathological Lumbar Spine, Sean Hanrahan

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term effects of Grades 1 and 2 posteroanterior joint mobilizations (JM) at the pathological lumbar spine on subject pain, range of motion (ROM), and muscle force. All subjects were determined to have sustained mechanical dysfunction of the lumbar spine of less than 48 hours as assessed through a standardized evaluation. Subjects were randomly assigned to a group; the control group received ice and stretching while the experimental group received JM in addition to ice and stretching. The JM's were performed at 3 consecutive lumbar segments surrounding the area of greatest discomfort. …

Comparison Of Methods For Dna Isolation From Food Samples For Detection Of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli By Real-Time Pcr, Loree C. Heller, Carisa R. Davis, K. Kealy Peak, David Wingfield, Andrew C. Cannons, Philip T. Amuso, Jacqueline Cattani

Bioelectrics Publications

In this study, food samples were intentionally contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, and then DNA was isolated by using four commercial kits. The isolated DNA samples were compared by using real-time PCR detection of the Shiga toxin genes. The four kits tested worked similarly.

Enterobius Vermicularis: Ancient Dna From North And South American Human Coprolites, Alena M. Iñiguez, Karl J. Reinhard, Adauto Araújo, Luiz F. Ferreira, Ana Carolina P. Vicente

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

A molecular paleoparasitological diagnostic approach was developed for Enterobius vermicularis. Ancient DNA was extracted from 27 coprolites from archaeological sites in Chile and USA. Enzymatic amplification of human mtDNA sequences confirmed the human origin. We designed primers specific to the E. vermicularis 5S ribosomal RNA spacer region and they allowed reproducible polymerase chain reaction identification of ancient material. We suggested that the paleoparasitological microscopic identification could accompany molecular diagnosis, which also opens the possibility of sequence analysis to understand parasite-host evolution.