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Tailoring Partnerships For Success: Experiences From The Djiboutian Humanitarian Demining Program, Alan Childress, Matt Zajac

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

This article examines the multiple partnerships that were formed during the planning and training deployment of a team comprised of a sailor, Special Operations Forces (SOF) soldiers, Marines, Department of State resourcers, a civilian demining organization, and U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) planners. Several of the first-time partnerships discussed could be applicable to future Humanitarian Demining (HD) programs. A fundamental lesson is that the organizational parameters of selected U.S. government HD operations require flexibility, and may need to be dismembered and recombined to successfully accomplish a program's goals. Equally important, thesecooperative efforts resulted in significant cost savings to U.S. taxpayers without …

The Journal Of Mine Action Issue 6.2 (2002), Cisr Jmu

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Landmines in Africa

Update: The Landmine Situation In Chechnya, Cisr Jmu

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Stemming from the ongoing war between Russian and Chechen forces, the use of anti-personnel mines throughout Chechnya continues today. As the landmine victim toll increases, much is being done in an attempt to alleviate the current state of affairs.

Mozambique, Country Profile

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Between the 1890s and 1920, Portugal led a military campaign to colonize Mozambique. After over 40 years of Portuguese rule, nationalist groups in Mozambique united to form the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO). In 1964, FRELIMO began a movement of guerilla warfare against the Portuguese, starting a trend of civil war that would ravage Mozambique for decades. By the early 1970s, FRELIMO’s 7,000 guerilla fighters controlled most of central and northern Mozambique. In 1974, the Portuguese military overthrew the government and installed leadership that was sympathetic toward Mozambique. Portugal struck a mutual cease-fire agreement with FRELIMO and gave Mozambique its independence …

Chad, Country Profile

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

After centuries of domination by several autonomous and constantly warring kingdoms, the land that would eventually make up the nation of Chad was subjugated by France in the 1890s. The French colonized Chad only half-heartedly, using it primarily as a source of raw materials and unskilled labor, never bothering to institute any unifying or modernizing policies. Chad gained its independence from France in 1960 but immediately became ensnared in a morass of ethnic warfare. Like so many other post-independence African nations, internal strife—sporadically punctuated by outside incursions—delayed all national development programs for decades. In Chad, a 1975 military coup and …

Towards A Better Mine Action Programme: Master Of Science Dissertation, Tim Lardner

Global CWD Repository

This dissertation sets out to assess how the global community has dealt with landmines and the damage they are having on the population. The study analyses the development of two programmes in particular in Cambodia and Mozambique - and then considers the influences that culture and organisational structure have on those organisations. Taking these lessons, the study analyses the best methods of implementation and recommends a number of areas worthy of consideration in the development of future mine action organisations.

Trends. Allies Of Terrorism In The Realm Of Biological Warfare?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses an increase in security regarding food shipment, manufacturing, and processing, as well as corporate lobbyists opposition to it.

From The Himalayas To The Indian Ocean: The World’S Largest Mine Field?, Jj Scott

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The latest conflict between India and Pakistan has spurred both countries to renew the mining of their borders. This could result in the creation of the largest mine field the world has ever seen.

Mine Action Program For Somalia, Jab Swart

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Aiming to set up a sustainable institution for resolving Somalia’s mine problem and to provide direct support for mine action activities there, the United Nations Mine Action Program for Somalia is making a difference in a country ravaged by years of conflict.

Ethiopia And Eritrea Mine Action Coordination Center: Unmee-Macc, Bob Kudyba

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea, along with eight other local NGOs, are working to rid their lands of the mixture of AT and AP mines laid in conventional military patterns during conflicts dated back to 1935.

The Confederacy’S Bomb Brothers, Peggy Robbins

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

George and Gabriel Rains had a knack for blowing things up during the American Civil War between 1861-1865. They were the Confederacy’s “Bomb Brothers.” Were they fathers of the modern day land mine?

Malaysian Automotive Industry's Technological Capabilities In Meeting The Defence Requirements, Ahmad Marzuki Ahmad Nawawi

Student Works (2000-2009)

The end of cold war in late 1980s had totally changed the strategic outlook in the management of military crisis. The revolution in military affairs IRMA) that took place thereafter, had witnessed the importance of technology in determining the national resilience and military power. In modern warfare, technology is considered the main determinant in victory or defeat in the battlefield. The Malaysian Army, realising the need to prepare a lean and mean force to fight a conventional warfare, requires state-of-the-art equipment in order to provide the mobility, firepower and intelligence, which are vital in waging war. All these elements can …

Non-State Actors And Their Significance, Margaret S. Busé

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Non-State Actors must be involved in any considerations about reducing the use of landmines, a mission which the Non-State Actors Working Group has set out to accomplish

Cost Effectiveness Of The Ethiopian And Eritrean Demining Programs, Michael Litzelman, Wayne Perry

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Long after anti-personnel landmines (AP) were planted to gain military advantage in battle, they continue to destroy lives by killing and maiming civilians and livestock, inhibiting productivity and preventing economies from developing in poor, third world countries. Landmines contribute to political instability in regions vital to the United States. The U. S. Department of State claims that there are approximately 85 to 200 million mines in 63 countries, producing approximately 15,000 casualties per year, an average of 70 people per day, or 500 people every week, most of them innocent civilians (DOS 1994). Of these, an estimated 9,500 people are …

Israeli Landmine Policy And Related Regional Activity, Ahron Etengoff, Gerald Steinberg

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Although the dangers posed by landmines are particularly acute in the Middle East, responses to the Ottawa Convention are limited. Jordan, Sudan, Tunisia and Qatar are State Parties, and Algeria has signed but not ratified the Ottawa Convention. The lack of signatories in the region reflects the continuing conflict and instability as well as the role that mines play in territorial defense.

In Israel, there is significant support for both the concept and effort to abolish landmines, but security considerations and continued warfare outweigh arguments in favor of accession to the Convention. Israel is active in international cooperative programs to …

Psychological Profiles And The Intifada: Commentary On Sarhan And Al Khatib, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article critiques a psychological profile that was developed to help explain the ongoing Palestinian Intifada and that was written by two physicians working at a Jordanian psychiatric hospital.

Biological Warfare: Commentary On Chyba's Analysis, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article provides commentary on Christopher Chyba's comparative analysis of biological and nuclear warfare.

Making Life And Taking Life: The Psychology Of Assassination In The Mideast, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores the variants of assassination through linguistic analysis of political conflict within and between Israel, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and a global context of nation-states and non-state political actors.

Landmines In The Sand: The Falkland Islands, Juan Carlos Ruan, Jill Macheme

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The Falkland Islands contain approximately 117 mine fields. Many of the mines were remotely delivered. About 80 percent of these landmines are hidden beneath sandy beaches and peat, which can shift a mine’s position and make detection and removal very difficult.

Revisiting The United States Hostage Negotiation Policy: An Academic Imperative. Part I, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article comes in two parts - the article and the notes.

Article abstract: To get hostages released without harm requires a national policy committed to that principle. With that in mind, there needs to be an understanding of the perpetrators' "objective view" of reality. These views have political, economic, psychological, cultural, ethno-religious and perceptual dimensions. Those multivariate dimensions of any hostage situation mandate policies that should be based on law enforcement and military perspectives, in order to be flexible enough to permit their consideration and continuously evaluate their national and international implications.

Part II: Notes and bibliography for Part …

Terrorism As Defense, Defense As Terrorism, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes some definitional complexities of the construct terrorism.

A National Mine Action Institution: The Cambodian Mine Action Center, Leng Mouly

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

With peace and a new government in place in Cambodia, the country has turned its attention to the debilitating mine situation. Leading these efforts is the Cambodian Mine Action Center, an all-civilian national demining program.

Mine Action – A Model For Other Global Challenges?, Dennis Barlow

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

A few short years ago, the humanitarian demining task seemed insurmountable. Not only was the prospect of eliminating landmines as a global threat deemed unachievable, but the political and organizational landscape was new, diverse and uncharted.

Cambodia: A Country Profile, Rohan Maxwell

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Through the efforts of CMAC, Mines Advisory Group and HALO Trust, Cambodia is working to eliminate the hundreds of contaminated areas within its borders. Rohan Maxwell proposes changes in these operations to sustain removal efforts.

The U.S. Pacific Command Humanitarian Demining Program, Joe Lokey

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Under the direction of the U.S. Pacific Command, SOCPAC guides the deployment of Special Operations Forces to mine-affected countries throughout Asia and the Pacific to teach clearance and develop indigenous capabilities.

Thailand: The Land Of Smiles (Until You Take Your First Step), Dave Mccracken

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The remnants of conflicts along the Thai-Cambodian, Lao, Malaysian and Myanmar borders affect the Livelihood of about 400,000 residents. The Thailand Mine Action Center looks to reverse 40 years-worth of Landmine contamination.

The Other Information Warfare: A Mind Full Of Macedonia, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article highlights ongoing aspects of psychological warfare in Macedonia between government and rebel forces.

Falling Dominoes In 2001: Nuclear Weapons And Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes psychologies of inevitability and their foundations pertaining to nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction.

Crowd-Dispersal Weapons And The Psychology Of The Crowd, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes the peculiar psychology of popular reactions to the development and employment of technologies of military force.

Commercial Systems For The Direct Detection Of Explosives (For Explosive Ordnance Disposal Tasks), Claudio Bruschini

Global CWD Repository

The main goal of this study, carried out by the author on behalf of the Swiss Defence Procurement Agency (DPA), was to characterise existing technologies, and identify corresponding commercially available systems, for the direct detection of explosives for Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) tasks. Systems should be able to determine if a given piece of munition contains explosives or is inert, and ideally in the former case to establish the type of explosive (see also Annex A2.1). This will be often referred to in the following as the “task at hand”, or the “task of interest to us”. Note that the …