Digital Commons Network^™

Out-Of-State Trash: Solid Waste And The Dormant Commerce Clause, Bradford Mank

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

America faces a garbage crisis. Many cities and states are rapidly depleting their landfill capacity for ordinary municipal solid waste.The "Not In My Back Yard" (NIMBY) syndrome hinders regional and national solutions to the solid waste problem. This Article examines to what extent local communities may exclude solid waste from out-of-state sources without violating the Commerce Clause.

Emergency In The Constitutional Law Of The United States, William B. Fisch

Faculty Publications

In the following report I shall concentrate on the law as pronounced by the United States Supreme Court, which has, within the sphere of judicial competence, the last say on the interpretation of the Constitution. The volume of significant litigation on the subject which stops below the Supreme Court has been relatively light, and the constitutional law declared by the lower courts has played a less significant role than is the case in many other issues. Indeed, as we shall see, the Supreme Court itself has had less to say on the topic than might be hoped for. I shall …

By What Authority: Reflections On The Constitutionality And Wisdom Of The Flag Protection Act Of 1989, David L. Faigman

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Equality Theory, Marital Rape, And The Promise Of The Fourteenth Amendment, Robin West

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

During the 1980s a handful of state judges either held or opined in dicta what must be incontrovertible to the feminist community, as well as to most progressive legal advocates and academics: the so-called marital rape exemption, whether statutory or common law in origin, constitutes a denial of a married woman's constitutional right to equal protection under the law. Indeed, a more obvious denial of equal protection is difficult to imagine: the marital rape exemption denies married women protection against violent crime solely on the basis of gender and marital status. What possibly could be less rational than a statute …

The Evolution Of The Limitation Clause, Janet Hiebert

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The evolution of the limitation clause reveals a rigorous and changing political discourse about the nature of rights and limitations. While the larger issue in the entrenchment debate focussed on whether legislatures or courts were best suited to protect Canadians' interests, a fundamental concern underlying the debate was the scope of permissible limitations on protected rights. Many commentators argued that an explicit limitation clause was not necessary because courts would fashion the appropriate limits on rights. Provincial and federal drafters, however, rejected the assumption implicit in this suggestion: that the Charter was to provide an exhaustive statement of all values …

Form And Function In The Administration Of Justice: The Bill Of Rights And Federal Habeas Corpus, Larry Yackle

Faculty Scholarship

Part I critiques the Report's insistence that accurate fact finding exhausts, or nearly exhausts, the objectives of criminal justice, identifies the fundamental role of the Bill of Rights in the American political order, and situates federal habeas corpus within that framework. Part II traces the Report's historical review of the federal habeas jurisdiction and critiques the Report's too-convenient reliance on selected materials that, on examination, fail to undermine conventional understandings of the writ's development as a postconviction remedy. Part III responds to the Report's complaints regarding current habeas corpus practice and refutes contentions that the habeas jurisdiction overburdens federal dockets …

Association For Civil Rights V. Central District Commander, Meir Shamgar, Menachem Elon, Shulamit Wallenstein

Translated Opinions

Regulation 119 of the Defence (Emergency) Regulations 1945 authorizes a Military Commander to order the forfeiture and destruction or sealing of any house from which gun fire has issued or explosive or incendiary material was thrown unlawfully, and of any house in an area or village residents of which violated the Emergency Regulations involving violence or intimidation. These regulations, including the said Regulation 119, were promulgated by the British Mandate during the period of its rule in Palestine.

Regulation 119 continues to be in force in Israel by virtue of section 11 of the Law and Administration Ordinance enacted by …

Universal City Studios V. Films And Plays Censorship Board, Meir Shamgar, Aharon Barak, Shlomo Levin, Eliezer Goldberg, Yaakov Malz

Translated Opinions

The Films and Plays Censorship Board decided to prohibit the screening in Israel of the film "The Last Temptation of Christ" on the ground that it was calculated to offend the religious susceptibilities and beliefs of the Christian communities in Israel, and to cause injury to the State of Israel.

The producers of the film and its distributors petitioned the High Court of Justice for an order nisi against the Board, which was granted. On allowing the petition and making the order nisi absolute, the High Court held as follows:

1. The point of departure for examining the legality of …

Foreword - The 'Truth In Criminal Justice' Series, Stephen J. Markman

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This special issue of the University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform contains a series of reports-the 'Truth in Criminal Justice' series-that reexamine a variety of basic issues in the law of criminal procedure and evidence. In publishing this series, the editors of the Journal have made an important and timely contribution to the national debate over the character and future development of criminal justice in the United States. There is an abundance of legal writing on criminal justice issues, but relatively little of it concerns increasing the system's effectiveness in bringing criminals to justice or doing justice for the …

Federal Habeas Corpus Review Of State Judgments, Department Of Justice Office Of Legal Policy

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Report carries out a review of the historical development of the federal habeas corpus jurisdiction; examines its contemporary character and operation; and discusses relevant policy considerations. The Report concludes that federal habeas corpus as a post-conviction remedy for state prisoners should be abolished or limited as far as possible. The limited reform proposals that were passed by the Senate in 1984 and that are currently before Congress as Title II of the proposed Criminal Justice Reform Act provide the best immediate prospect for improvement.

A Model For Analyzing The Constitutionality Of Sobriety Roadblocks Stops In Utah, Lynn W. Davis, Kenneth R. Wallentine

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Police-Obtained Evidence And The Constitution: Distinguishing Unconstitutionally Obtained Evidence From Unconstitutionally Used Evidence, Arnold H. Loewy

Michigan Law Review

The article will consider four different types of police-obtained evidence: evidence obtained from an unconstitutional search and seizure, evidence obtained from a Miranda violation, confessions and lineup identifications obtained in violation of the sixth amendment right to counsel, and coerced confessions. My conclusions are that evidence obtained from an unconstitutional search and seizure is excluded because of the police misconduct by which it was obtained. On the other hand, evidence obtained from a Miranda violation is (or ought to be) excluded because use of that evidence compromises the defendant's procedural right not to be compelled to be a witness against …

The Obscenity Exception: Abusing The First Amendment, Simon Roberts

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Schnitzer V. Chief Military Censor, Aharon Barak, Yaakov Malz, Shulamit Wallenstein

Translated Opinions

The Petitioners sought to publish a newspaper article that was critical of the outgoing head of the Mossad, the Agency for Intelligence and Special Duties, on the occasion of the forthcoming appointment of a new Mossad head. The article did not mention his name or otherwise identify him. After several versions of the article were submitted for approval to the first Respondent, the Chief Military Censor, and after the Petitioners agreed not to publish certain parts of the article, the Censor forbade the publication of two matters: criticism of the head of the Mossad's effectiveness, on the ground that such …

Shnitzer V. Chief Military Censor, Aharon Barak, Yaakov Melitz, Shulamit Wallenstein

Translated Opinions

[This abstract is not part of the Court's opinion and is provided for the reader's convenience. It has been translated from a Hebrew version prepared by Nevo Press Ltd. and is used with its kind permission.] 

This petition concerns the decision by the First Respondent to prohibit, under its authority according to Regulation 87(1) of the Defense Regulations (State of Emergency) 1945, the publication of a newspaper article criticizing the functioning of the Director of the Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations (the “Mossad”,) while noting the upcoming change in Mossad directors. After submitting to the First Respondent different versions …

Lyng V. Northwest Indian Cemetery Protective Association: Government Property Rights And The Free Exercise Clause, S. Alan Ray

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Law, James M. Parker, Elizabeth M. Troy

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Jurisprudence Of Prevention: The Right Of Societal Self-Defense Against Dangerous Individuals, Edward P. Richards

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Arizona V. Roberson: The Supreme Court Expands Suspects' Rights In The Custodial Interrogation Setting, 22 J. Marshall L. Rev. 685 (1989), Thomas N. Radek

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

California V. Greenwood: A Trashing Of The Fourth Amendment, Richard H. Taylor

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Secondary Effects And Political Speech: Intimations Of Broader Governmental Regulatory Power, J. Robert Dugan

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Voter Standing: A New Means For Third Parties To Challenge The Tax-Exempt Status Of Nonprofit Organizations, Joanne L. Dunec

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

No abstract provided.

More Than Shreds And Patches: California's First Bill Of Rights, Christian G. Fritz

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Containing The Aids Virus . . . Testing . . . Reporting . . . Confidentiality . . . Quarantine . . . Constitutional Considerations, Luann A. Polito

Cleveland State Law Review

In addition to illness, disability, and death, AIDS has evoked fear in the hearts and minds of most Americans: fear of the AIDS virus and fear of the unknown. This fear has caused many Americans to act irrationally towards AIDS and its victims. This article will analyze the different legislative acts intended to curtail the spread of the disease and whether these enactments will aid or merely hinder the containment of the AIDS virus. It will illustrate potential conflicts this legislation poses to the AIDS victims' constitutional rights of privacy and liberty. At its conclusion, it will illustrate that with …

Constitutional Law—Religious Freedom—Forced Disclosure Of Church Records Pursuant To State Non-Profit Corporation Statute Prohibited. Gipson V. Brown, 288 Ark. 422, 706 S.W.2d 369 (1986); Gipson V. Brown, 295 Ark. 371, 749 S.W.2d 297 (1988); Gipson V. Munson, 296 Ark. 160, 752 S.W.2d 752 (1988)., Tonia Peoples Jones

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

One Century Of Constitutional Home Rule: A Progress Report, Michael Monroe Kellogg Sebree

Washington Law Review

Despite constitutional and statutory provisions providing for home rule, Washington municipalities continue to lack meaningful local autonomy. The author examines the need for home rule and its genesis in the United States and Washington. In addition, the author analyzes Washington case law in this area and concludes with constitutional and judicial proposals designed to increase municipal self-governance.

The Beggar's Free Speech, Anthony J. Rose

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Freedom Of Expression: Is It All Just Talk?, A. Wayne Mackay

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

In this article Wayne MacKay argues that effective interpretation of section 2 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms requires the weighing of real world impacts beyond the traditional liberal parameter of judicial decisions. The usual judicial unwillingness to acknowledge "freedoms" as opposed to "rights" limits governmental legal action while not recognizing political and economic barriers to freedom of expression. The trend toward limiting protected expression both at the definitional stage and through section 1 reasonable limits reflects this cautious approach.This article examines who the early beneficiaries of freedom of expression have been: those affected by criminal sanctions and those …

Foreword: The Once "New Judicial Federalism" & Its Critics, Ronald K.L. Collins

Washington Law Review

The first critic of the once "new judicial federalism" is also the person credited with being its "intellectual godfather"—Hans Linde. Back in the pristine years of this constitutional experiment, then Professor Linde warned: A state court cannot undertake "to evolve an independent jurisprudence under the state constitution ... by searching ad hoc for some plausible premise in the state constitution only when federal precedents will not support the desired result." Perhaps his influence in this area is attributable to the fact that he is, in a certain sense, both critic and "crusader." Of course, the claim needs to be explained. …

Constitutional Law: Guinn V. Collinsville Church Of Christ: Balancing An Individual's Right To Tort Compensation And The First Amendment's Religion Clauses, David K. Ratcliff

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.