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Thor: The Hybrid Online Repository, Timothy W. Van Der Horst Mar 2005

Thor: The Hybrid Online Repository, Timothy W. Van Der Horst

Theses and Dissertations

Digital credentials enable users to perform secure interactions by proving either their identity or that they posses certain attributes. Special care is taken to protect these credentials and their associated private keys during transaction time. However, protection of these items outside of the transaction is often delegated to a secure credential repository. A mobile environment creates significant challenges for secure repositories. We examine these challenges with respect to existing repository practices and produce a set of requirements that a repository must meet in order to cope with the harshness of a mobile environment. We also present the design and implementation …

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Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 21, Number 6, March 2005, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University Mar 2005

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 21, Number 6, March 2005, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

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Adaptive Decision Support For Planning Under Hard And Soft Constraints, Alex Dekhtyar, Raphael Finkel, Judy Goldsmith, Beth Goldstein, Cynthia Isenhour Mar 2005

Adaptive Decision Support For Planning Under Hard And Soft Constraints, Alex Dekhtyar, Raphael Finkel, Judy Goldsmith, Beth Goldstein, Cynthia Isenhour

Computer Science and Software Engineering

We describe the “Welfare to Work” scenario, and the software we are designing to support case managers’ planning for their clients.

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An Information Extraction Approach To Reorganizing And Summarizing Specifications, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Aaron Berkovich, Dan Z. Sokol Mar 2005

An Information Extraction Approach To Reorganizing And Summarizing Specifications, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Aaron Berkovich, Dan Z. Sokol

Kno.e.sis Publications

Materials and Process Specifications are complex semi-structured documents containing numeric data, text, and images. This article describes a coarse-grain extraction technique to automatically reorganize and summarize spec content. Specifically, a strategy for semantic-markup, to capture content within a semantic ontology, relevant to semi-automatic extraction, has been developed and experimented with. The working prototypes were built in the context of Cohesia's existing software infrastructure, and use techniques from Information Extraction, XML technology, etc.

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An Analysis Of Biometric Technology As An Enabler To Information Assurance, Darren A. Deschaine Mar 2005

An Analysis Of Biometric Technology As An Enabler To Information Assurance, Darren A. Deschaine

Theses and Dissertations

The use of and dependence on, Information technology (IT) has grown tremendously in the last two decades. Still, some believe the United States is only in the infancy of this growth. This explosive growth has opened the door to capabilities that were only dreamed of in the past. As easy as it is to see how advantageous this technology is, it also is clear that with its advantages come distinct responsibilities and new problems that must be addressed. For instance, the minute one begins using information processing systems, the world of information assurance (IA) becomes far more complex. As a …

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Web Usability Guidelines For Air Force Knowledge Now Web Site, Gary A. Felax Mar 2005

Web Usability Guidelines For Air Force Knowledge Now Web Site, Gary A. Felax

Theses and Dissertations

The Department of Defense Net-Centric Data Strategies number one key attribute is to ensure data is visible, available, and usable when and where needed to accelerate decision-making. The Internet provides opportunities for quick and efficient disseminating of information to the public, distributing information throughout the Air Force, and accessing information from a variety of sources. In 2002, the Air Force CIO designated the Air Force Knowledge Now (AFKN) as the center of excellence for Knowledge Management. The site is a one-stop resource, providing access to a great depth and breadth of information. This study seeks to determine how usable and …

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Passwords: A Survey On Usage And Policy, Kurt W. Martinson Mar 2005

Passwords: A Survey On Usage And Policy, Kurt W. Martinson

Theses and Dissertations

Computer password use is on the rise. Passwords have become one of the primary authentication methods used today. It is because of their high use that organizations have started to place parameters on passwords. Are password restrictions a nuisance? What are some of the consequences that result as organizations place the burden of their computer security on passwords? This thesis analyzes the results of a survey instrument that was used to determine if individuals are using similar techniques or patterns when choosing or remembering their passwords. It also looks at how individuals feel about using passwords. In addition, the authors …

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Assessing The Usefulness Of Visualization Tools To Investigate Hidden Patterns With Insider Attack Cases, Amy M. Rammel Mar 2005

Assessing The Usefulness Of Visualization Tools To Investigate Hidden Patterns With Insider Attack Cases, Amy M. Rammel

Theses and Dissertations

The insider threat is a major concern for organizations. Open markets, technological advances, and the evolving definition of employee have exacerbated the insider threat. Insider threat research efforts are focusing on both prevention and detection techniques. However, recent security violation trends highlight the damage insider attacks cause organizations and illuminate why organizations and researchers must develop new approaches to this challenge. Although fruitful research is being conducted and new technologies are being applied to the insider threat problem, companies remain susceptible to the costly damage generated by insider threat actions. This research explored how visualization tools may be useful in …

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Modeling Information Quality Expectation In Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarm Sensor Databases, Patrick D. Baldwin Mar 2005

Modeling Information Quality Expectation In Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarm Sensor Databases, Patrick D. Baldwin

Theses and Dissertations

Swarming Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are the future of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR). Swarms of hundreds of these vehicles, each equipped with multiple sensors, will one day fill the skies over hostile areas. As the sensors collect hundreds of gigabytes of data, telemetry data links will be unable to transmit the complete data picture to the ground in real time. The collected data will be stored on board the UAVs and selectively downloaded through queries issued from analysts on the ground. Analysts expect to find relevant sensor data within the collection of acquired sensor data. This expectation is not …

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Determination Of Structure From Motion Using Aerial Imagery, Paul R. Graham Mar 2005

Determination Of Structure From Motion Using Aerial Imagery, Paul R. Graham

Theses and Dissertations

The structure from motion process creates three-dimensional models from a sequence of images. Until recently, most research in this field has been restricted to land-based imagery. This research examines the current methods of land-based structure from motion and evaluates their performance for aerial imagery. Current structure from motion algorithms search the initial image for features to track though the subsequent images. These features are used to create point correspondences between the two images. The correspondences are used to estimate the motion of the camera and then the three-dimensional structure of the scene. This research tests current algorithms using synthetic data …

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Real-Time Mapping Using Stereoscopic Vision Optimization, Kevin M. Biggs Mar 2005

Real-Time Mapping Using Stereoscopic Vision Optimization, Kevin M. Biggs

Theses and Dissertations

This research focuses on efficient methods of generating 2D maps from stereo vision in real-time. Instead of attempting to locate edges between objects, we make the assumption that the representative surfaces of objects in a view provide enough information to generate a map while taking less time to locate during processing. Since all real-time vision processing endeavors are extremely computationally intensive, numerous optimization techniques are applied to allow for a real-time application: horizontal spike smoothing for post-disparity noise, masks to focus on close-proximity objects, melding for object synthesis, and rectangular fitting for object extraction under a planar assumption. Additionally, traditional …

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Robot Mapping With Real-Time Incremental Localization Using Expectation Maximization, Kevin L. Owens Mar 2005

Robot Mapping With Real-Time Incremental Localization Using Expectation Maximization, Kevin L. Owens

Theses and Dissertations

This research effort explores and develops a real-time sonar-based robot mapping and localization algorithm that provides pose correction within the context of a single room, to be combined with pre-existing global localization techniques, and thus produce a single, well-formed map of an unknown environment. Our algorithm implements an expectation maximization algorithm that is based on the notion of the alpha-beta functions of a Hidden Markov Model. It performs a forward alpha calculation as an integral component of the occupancy grid mapping procedure using local maps in place of a single global map, and a backward beta calculation that considers the …

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Assessing Information Trustability In A Secure Web Services Environment, Charles G. Penner Mar 2005

Assessing Information Trustability In A Secure Web Services Environment, Charles G. Penner

Theses and Dissertations

Decisions are made based on available information. A decision support system endeavors to provide information that is timely, accurate, and trustable. Information gathered from secure web service transactions has attributes that can be used to assess a level of trustability. The trust assessments enable a decision maker to determine a basis for confidence in the information presented from the web service. Existing trust assessment models do not provide a way to determine from a particular trust assessment what information attributes contributed to its computation. The present work creates trust values that retain and denote meaning, allowing a decision maker to …

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Policy-Driven Data Dissemination For Context-Aware Applications, Guanling Chen, David Kotz Mar 2005

Policy-Driven Data Dissemination For Context-Aware Applications, Guanling Chen, David Kotz

Dartmouth Scholarship

Context-aware pervasive-computing applications require continuous monitoring of their physical and computational environment to make appropriate adaptation decisions in time. The data streams produced by sensors, however, may overflow the queues on the dissemination path. Traditional flow-control and congestion-control policies either drop data or force the sender to pause. When the data sender is sensing the physical environment, however, a pause is equivalent to dropping data. Instead of arbitrarily dropping data that may contain important events, we present a policy-driven data dissemination service named PACK, based on an overlay-based infrastructure for efficient multicast delivery. PACK enforces application-specified policies that define how …

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A Genetic Algorithm For Uav Routing Integrated With A Parallel Swarm Simulation, Matthew A. Russell Mar 2005

A Genetic Algorithm For Uav Routing Integrated With A Parallel Swarm Simulation, Matthew A. Russell

Theses and Dissertations

This research investigation addresses the problem of routing and simulating swarms of UAVs. Sorties are modeled as instantiations of the NP-Complete Vehicle Routing Problem, and this work uses genetic algorithms (GAs) to provide a fast and robust algorithm for a priori and dynamic routing applications. Swarms of UAVs are modeled based on extensions of Reynolds' swarm research and are simulated on a Beowulf cluster as a parallel computing application using the Synchronous Environment for Emulation and Discrete Event Simulation (SPEEDES). In a test suite, standard measures such as benchmark problems, best published results, and parallel metrics are used as performance …

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A Three Dimensional Helmet Mounted Primary Flight Reference For Paratroopers, Jason I. Thompson Mar 2005

A Three Dimensional Helmet Mounted Primary Flight Reference For Paratroopers, Jason I. Thompson

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis seeks to develop a Heads Up Display (HUD) presented on a Helmet Mounted Display (HMD), which presents a three-dimensional, graphical, predictive navigational reference to a paratrooper during a High Altitude, High Opening (HAHO) parachute jump. A Path Generating Algorithm (PGA) takes as input the Landing Zone's (LZ) location, the wind profile, and the paratrooper's parachute's performance characteristics, and returns a set of waypoints for the paratrooper to follow. The PGA attempts to maximize the distance that the paratrooper travels. The PGA's output is used to build a path to the LZ from a Release Point (RP). During the …

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Evaluation Of The Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Amber J. Rickmon Mar 2005

Evaluation Of The Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Amber J. Rickmon

Theses and Dissertations

Routing protocols designed for wired networks cannot be used in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) due to the dynamic topology, limited throughput, and energy constraints. New routing protocols have been designed for use in MANETs, but have not been thoroughly tested under realistic conditions such as node movement, number of sources, the presence of obstacles, and node speed. This research evaluates the performance of ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing with respect to throughput, goodput ratio, end-to-end (ETE) delay, node pair packet delivery rate, and node pair end-to-end delay. It shows these performance metrics vary significantly according to the choice …

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An Evolutionary Algorithm To Generate Ellipsoid Detectors For Negative Selection, Joseph M. Shapiro Mar 2005

An Evolutionary Algorithm To Generate Ellipsoid Detectors For Negative Selection, Joseph M. Shapiro

Theses and Dissertations

Negative selection is a process from the biological immune system that can be applied to two-class (self and nonself) classification problems. Negative selection uses only one class (self) for training, which results in detectors for the other class (nonself). This paradigm is especially useful for problems in which only one class is available for training, such as network intrusion detection. Previous work has investigated hyper-rectangles and hyper-spheres as geometric detectors. This work proposes ellipsoids as geometric detectors. First, the author establishes a mathematical model for ellipsoids. He develops an algorithm to generate ellipsoids by training on only one class of …

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Efficient Generation Of Social Network Data From Computer-Mediated Communication Logs, Jason Wei Sung Yee Mar 2005

Efficient Generation Of Social Network Data From Computer-Mediated Communication Logs, Jason Wei Sung Yee

Theses and Dissertations

The insider threat poses a significant risk to any network or information system. A general definition of the insider threat is an authorized user performing unauthorized actions, a broad definition with no specifications on severity or action. While limited research has been able to classify and detect insider threats, it is generally understood that insider attacks are planned, and that there is a time period in which the organization's leadership can intervene and prevent the attack. Previous studies have shown that the person's behavior will generally change, and it is possible that social network analysis could be used to observe …

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Accelerating Missile Threat Engagement Simulations Using Personal Computer Graphics Cards, Sean E. Jeffers Mar 2005

Accelerating Missile Threat Engagement Simulations Using Personal Computer Graphics Cards, Sean E. Jeffers

Theses and Dissertations

The 453rd Electronic Warfare Squadron supports on-going military operations by providing battlefield commanders with aircraft ingress and egress routes that minimize the risk of shoulder or ground-fired missile attacks on our aircraft. To determine these routes, the 453rd simulates engagements between ground-to-air missiles and allied aircraft to determine the probability of a successful attack. The simulations are computationally expensive, often requiring two-hours for a single 10-second missile engagement. Hundreds of simulations are needed to perform a complete risk assessment which includes evaluating the effectiveness of countermeasures such as flares, chaff, jammers, and missile warning systems. Thus, the need for faster …

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Analysis Of Effects Of Bgp Black Hole Routing On A Network Like The Niprnet, Michael D. Kleffman Mar 2005

Analysis Of Effects Of Bgp Black Hole Routing On A Network Like The Niprnet, Michael D. Kleffman

Theses and Dissertations

The Department of Defense (DoD) relies heavily on the Non-secure Internet Protocol Router Network (NIPRNET) to exchange information freely between departments, services, bases, posts, and ships. The NIPRNET is vulnerable to various attacks, to include physical and cyber attacks. One of the most frequently used cyber attacks by criminally motivated hackers is a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. DDoS attacks can be used to exhaust network bandwidth and router processing capabilities, and as a leveraging tool for extortion. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) black hole routing is a responsive defensive network technique for mitigating DDoS attacks. BGP black hole routing …

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An Analysis Of Perturbed Quantization Steganography In The Spatial Domain, Matthew D. Spisak Mar 2005

An Analysis Of Perturbed Quantization Steganography In The Spatial Domain, Matthew D. Spisak

Theses and Dissertations

Steganography is a form of secret communication in which a message is hidden into a harmless cover object, concealing the actual existence of the message. Due to the potential abuse by criminals and terrorists, much research has also gone into the field of steganalysis - the art of detecting and deciphering a hidden message. As many novel steganographic hiding algorithms become publicly known, researchers exploit these methods by finding statistical irregularities between clean digital images and images containing hidden data. This creates an on-going race between the two fields and requires constant countermeasures on the part of steganographers in order …

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National Security Agency (Nsa) Systems And Network Attack Center (Snac) Security Guides Versus Known Worms, Matthew W. Sullivan Mar 2005

National Security Agency (Nsa) Systems And Network Attack Center (Snac) Security Guides Versus Known Worms, Matthew W. Sullivan

Theses and Dissertations

Internet worms impact Internet security around the world even though there are many defenses to prevent the damage they inflict. The National Security Agency (NSA) Systems and Network Attack Center (SNAC) publishes in-depth configuration guides to protect networks from intrusion; however, the effectiveness of these guides in preventing the spread of worms hasn't been studied. This thesis establishes how well the NSA SNAC guides protect against various worms and exploits compared to Microsoft patches alone. It also identifies the aspects of the configuration guidance that is most effective in the absence of patches and updates, against network worm and e-mail …

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Fingerprinting Relational Databases: Schemes And Specialities, Yingjiu Li, Vipin Swarup, Sushil Jajodia Mar 2005

Fingerprinting Relational Databases: Schemes And Specialities, Yingjiu Li, Vipin Swarup, Sushil Jajodia

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we present a technique for fingerprinting relational data by extending Agrawal et al.'s watermarking scheme. The primary new capability provided by our scheme is that, under reasonable assumptions, it can embed and detect arbitrary bit-string marks in relations. This capability, which is not provided by prior techniques, permits our scheme to be used as a fingerprinting scheme. We then present quantitative models of the robustness properties of our scheme. These models demonstrate that fingerprints embedded by our scheme are detectable and robust against a wide variety of attacks including collusion attacks.

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Evaluation Of Mpeg-4 Ipmp Extension, Hwee Hwa Pang, Yongdong Wu Mar 2005

Evaluation Of Mpeg-4 Ipmp Extension, Hwee Hwa Pang, Yongdong Wu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

MPEG-4 IPMPX (intellectual property management and protection extension) is the latest ISO standard which provides a flexible framework for protecting MPEG streams. The message mechanism of IPMPX enables interoperability among IPMPX-compliant devices no matter which protection methods are embedded. This paper highlights several problems in the message syntax of IPMPX: the tool delivery message IPMP_ToolES_AU is vulnerable to network attack, the authentication message IMP_Mutual_Authentication is incapable of defending against forgery attack, and the configuration message IPMP_SelectiveDecrptionInit is ambiguous and redundant. We propose a number of remedies to those problems, which can be incorporated into a corrigenda to improve the present …

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Special Event Computerized Tracking Of Officers Reporting, Noel R. Macmahon Feb 2005

Special Event Computerized Tracking Of Officers Reporting, Noel R. Macmahon

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

The New York City Police Department needs a way to rapidly and accurately account for and assign personnel during a pre-planned special event. There are currently many archaic systems utilized throughout the Department, yet none of these formats utilizes a computerized system. Because there is no single off-the-shelf product currently available to perform all of the narrow tasks involved in this problem, a solution needs to be developed. The solution to this problem is developing a system that will be a single standard for the entire Department. This solution will combine various hardware devices and off-the-shelf software products into a …

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Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 21, Number 5, February 2005, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University Feb 2005

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 21, Number 5, February 2005, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A six page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

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A Framework For Management Of Concurrent Xml Markup, Alex Dekhtyar, Ionut E. Iacob Feb 2005

A Framework For Management Of Concurrent Xml Markup, Alex Dekhtyar, Ionut E. Iacob

Computer Science and Software Engineering

The problem of concurrent markup hierarchies in XML encodings of documents has attracted attention of a number of humanities researchers in recent years. The key problem with using concurrent hierarchies to encode documents is that markup in one hierarchy is not necessarily well-formed with respect to the markup in another hierarchy. Previously proposed solutions to this problem rely on the XML expertise of the editors and their ability to maintain correct DTDs for complex markup languages. In this paper, we approach the problem of maintenance of concurrent XML markup from the Computer Science perspective. We propose a framework that allows …

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Specification Of A Common Framework For Characterizing Alignment, Paolo Bouquet, Marc Ehrig, Jerome Euzenat, Enrico Franconi, Pascal Hitzler, Markus Krotzsch, Luciano Serafini, Giorgos Stamu, York Sure, Sergio Tessaris Feb 2005

Specification Of A Common Framework For Characterizing Alignment, Paolo Bouquet, Marc Ehrig, Jerome Euzenat, Enrico Franconi, Pascal Hitzler, Markus Krotzsch, Luciano Serafini, Giorgos Stamu, York Sure, Sergio Tessaris

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Definition of a common framework for characterizing alignment of heterogeneous information. This report describes various approaches towards this goal and shows the relations between them. It also provides a description of the alignment sructure and process.

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Securing Application Command Layer Under Jini Services, Tarek Mahmoud Negm Feb 2005

Securing Application Command Layer Under Jini Services, Tarek Mahmoud Negm

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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