Digital Commons Network^™

Dit-Call: Naturally Speaking But Slow, Dermot Campbell, Marty Meinardi, Bunny Richardson, Eugene Coyle, Olivia Donnellan, Pak Kui Leung, Ciaran Macdonaill, Elmar Jung, Charles Pritchard

Articles

This paper introduces a new development in speech technology and describes its planned application in an EFL context. Special attention is paid to the pedagogical potential of the resultant language tool.

Istart: Interactive Strategy Training For Active Reading And Thinking, Danielle S. Mcnamara, Irwin B. Levinstein, Chutima Boonthum

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Interactive Strategy Training for Active Reading and Thinking (iSTART) is a Web-based application that provides young adolescent to college-age students with high-level reading strategy training to improve comprehension of science texts. iSTART is modeled after an effective, human-delivered intervention called self-explanation reading training (SERT), which trains readers to use active reading strategies to self-explain difficult texts more effectively. To make the training more widely available, the Web-based trainer has been developed. Transforming the training from a human-delivered application to a computer-based one has resulted in a highly interactive trainer that adapts its methods to the performance of the students. The …

Semantic Web Research Center Report: Lsdis Lab, Research In Semantic Bioinformatics, Semantic Analytics And Semantic Web Processes, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The LSDIS Lab advances the field of distributed information systems by researching semantic techniques for exploiting heterogeneous multimedia information and improving processes, encompassing the central promise of the Semantic Web initiative. It is pursuing cutting edge research in ontology development for demanding scientific domains, semantic heterogeneity and integration, complex relationships discovery and semantic analytics, and Semantic Web services and processes. Past work of the LSDIS lab can be characterized by keywords: semantic interoperability, syntactic and semantic metadata for text and digital media, metadata based integration of Web content, ontology-driven information systems, multi-ontology query processing, transactional workflows and workflow management. Significant …

Reconstructability Analysis: Theory And Applications [Editorial Introduction], Martin Zwick, Guangfu Shu, Yi Lin

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reconstructability analysis (RA) dates back to the pioneering work of Ashby in the mid-1960s. In the 1970s and 1980s, RA was the subject of very active research in the systems community. It receded for a time as a focus of activity, but the special issue of the International Journal of General Systems in 1996 on the General Systems Problem Solver and the special IJGS issue in 2000 on Reconstructability Analysis in China marked the renewal of interest in this area. The current volume is part of this resurgence of activity. It collects together papers from the group at Portland State …

A Software Architecture For Reconstructability Analysis, Kenneth Willett, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Software packages for reconstructability analysis (RA), as well as for related log linear modeling, generally provide a fixed set of functions. Such packages are suitable for end‐users applying RA in various domains, but do not provide a platform for research into the RA methods themselves. A new software system, Occam3, is being developed which is intended to address three goals which often conflict with one another to provide: a general and flexible infrastructure for experimentation with RA methods and algorithms; an easily‐configured system allowing methods to be combined in novel ways, without requiring deep software expertise; and a system which …

Anomaly-Free Component Adaptation With Class Overriding, Atanas Radenski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Software components can be implemented and distributed as collections of classes, then adapted to the needs of specific applications by means of subclassing. Unfortunately, subclassing in collections of related classes may require re-implementation of otherwise valid classes just because they utilize outdated parent classes, a phenomenon that is referred to as the subclassing anomaly. The subclassing anomaly is a serious problem since it can void the benefits of component-based programming altogether. We propose a code adaptation language mechanism called class overriding that is intended to overcome the subclassing anomaly. Class overriding does not create new and isolated derived classes as …

Algebraic Semantics For Coalgebraic Logics, Clemens Kupke, Alexander Kurz, Dirk Pattinson

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

With coalgebras usually being defined in terms of an endofunctor T on sets, this paper shows that modal logics for T-coalgebras can be naturally described as functors L on boolean algebras. Building on this idea, we study soundness, completeness and expressiveness of coalgebraic logics from the perspective of duality theory. That is, given a logic L for coalgebras of an endofunctor T, we construct an endofunctor L such that L-algebras provide a sound and complete (algebraic) semantics of the logic. We show that if L is dual to T, then soundness and completeness of the algebraic semantics immediately yield the …

Parametric Classification In Domains Of Characters, Numerals, Punctuation, Typefaces And Image Qualities, Osama Ahmed Khan

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This thesis contributes to the Optical Font Recognition problem (OFR), by developing a classifier system to differentiate ten typefaces using a single English character ‘e’. First, features which need to be used in the classifier system are carefully selected after a thorough typographical study of global font features and previous related experiments. These features have been modeled by multivariate normal laws in order to use parameter estimation in learning. Then, the classifier system is built up on six independent schemes, each performing typeface classification using a different method. The results have shown a remarkable performance in the field of font …

Integrating Perception, Language And Problem Solving In A Cognitive Agent For A Mobile Robot., Deryle W. Lonsdale, D. Paul Benjamin, Damian M. Lyons

Faculty Publications

We are implementing a unified cognitive architecture for a mobile robot. Our goal is to endow a robot agent with the full range of cognitive abilities, including perception, use of natural language, learning and the ability to solve complex problems. The perspective of this work is that an architecture based on a unified theory of robot cognition has the best chance of attaining human-level performance.

This agent architecture is an integration of three theories: a theory of cognition embodied in the Soar system, the RS formal model of sensorimotor activity and an algebraic theory of decomposition and reformulation.

These three …

Evaluation Of An Esperanto-Based Interlingua Multilingual Survey Form Machine Translation Mechanism Incorporating A Sublanguage Translation Methodolgy, Richard Boddington

Theses : Honours

Translation costs restrict the preparation of medical survey and other questionnaires for migrant communities in Western Australia. This restriction is compounded by a lack of affordable and accurate machine translation mechanisms. This research investigated and evaluated combined strategies intended to provide an efficacious and affordable machine translator by: • using an interlingua or pivot-language that requires less resources for its construction than contemporary systems and has the additional benefit of significant error reduction; and • defining smaller lexical environments to restrict data, thereby reducing the complexity of translation rules and enhancing correct semantic transfer between natural languages. This research focussed …

Towards A Taxonomy Of Aspect-Oriented Programming., Mario Bernard Hankerson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As programs continue to increase in size, it has become increasingly difficult to separate concerns into well localized modules, which leads to code tangling- crosscutting code spread throughout several modules. Thus, Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) offers a solution to creating modules with little or no crosscutting concerns. AOP presents the notion of aspects, and demonstrates how crosscutting concerns can be taken out of modules and placed into a centralized location.

In this paper, a taxonomy of aspect-oriented programming, as well as a basic overview and introduction of AOP, will be presented in order to assist future researchers in getting started on …

Semantic (Web) Technology In Action: Ontology Driven Information Systems For Search, Integration, And Analysis, Amit P. Sheth, Cartic Ramakrishnan

Kno.e.sis Publications

Semantics is seen as the key ingredient in the next phase of the Web infrastructure as well as the next generation of information systems applications. In this context, we review some of the reservations expressed about the viability of the Semantic Web. We respond to these by identifying a Semantic Technology that supports the key capabilities also needed to realize the Semantic Web vision, namely representing, acquiring and utilizing knowledge. Given that scalability is a key challenge, we briefly review our observations from developing three classes of real world applications and corresponding technology components: search/browsing, integration, and analytics. We distinguish …

Visualization Of Internet Web Pages Based On Authority And Word Frequency, David Navarro

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The growth, accessibility, and integration of the World Wide Web with contemporary information utilization provides a rich domain in which to explore information retrieval systems. One approach in the evolution of retrieval systems couples successful and long-standing techniques of information retrieval with new techniques, such as visualization. The system developed and reported in this thesis takes this approach. It builds upon well-known techniques of information retrieval including stemming, keyword matching, and cosine similarity. It also incorporates the new and relatively successful hubs and authority approach, which describes Web documents by their reference by other documents. Finally, it develops a new …

Predicting Nonlinear Network Traffic Using Fuzzy Neural Network, Zhaoxia Wang, Tingzhu Hao, Zengqiang Chen, Zhuzhi Yuan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Network traffic is a complex and nonlinear process, which is significantly affected by immeasurable parameters and variables. This paper addresses the use of the five-layer fuzzy neural network (FNN) for predicting the nonlinear network traffic. The structure of this system is introduced in detail. Through training the FNN using back-propagation algorithm with inertia] terms the traffic series can be well predicted by this FNN system. We analyze the performance of the FNN in terms of prediction ability as compared with solely neural network. The simulation demonstrates that the proposed FNN is superior to the solely neural network systems. In addition, …

Semantic E-Workflow Composition, Jorge Cardoso, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Systems and infrastructures are currently being developed to support Web services. The main idea is to encapsulate an organization's functionality within an appropriate interface and advertise it as Web services. While in some cases Web services may be utilized in an isolated form, it is normal to expect Web services to be integrated as part of workflow processes. The composition of workflow processes that model e-service applications differs from the design of traditional workflows, in terms of the number of tasks (Web services) available to the composition process, in their heterogeneity, and in their autonomy. Therefore, two problems need to …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 20, Number 2, October 2003, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Automatic Video Summarization By Graph Modeling, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Fei Ma, Hong-Jiang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose a unified approach for summarization based on the analysis of video structures and video highlights. Our approach emphasizes both the content balance and perceptual quality of a summary. Normalized cut algorithm is employed to globally and optimally partition a video into clusters. A motion attention model based on human perception is employed to compute the perceptual quality of shots and clusters. The clusters, together with the computed attention values, form a temporal graph similar to Markov chain that inherently describes the evolution and perceptual importance of video clusters. In our application, the flow of a temporal graph is …

Semantic Web In Action: Ontology-Driven Information Search, Integration And Analysis, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Aggregated Causal Maps: An Approach To Elicit And Aggregate The Knowledge Of Multiple Experts, S. Nadkarni, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper presents a systematic procedure to elicit and aggregate the knowledge of multiple individual experts and represent it in the form of an Aggregated Causal Map (ACM). This procedure differs from existing methods in two ways. First, unlike other methods, this method does not rely on group interaction in eliciting knowledge of multiple experts, and, therefore, is not fraught with biases associated with group dynamics. Second, this method uses both the idiographic and nomothetic approaches while existing methods focus on nomothetic approaches to knowledge elicitation. We draw on the strengths of both approaches by using the idiographic approach to …

Enhancing The Cs Curriculum With With Aspect-Oriented Software Development (Aosd) And Early Experience, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal, Tzilla Elrad

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) is evolving as an important step beyond existing software development approaches such as object-oriented development. An aspect is a module that captures a crosscutting concern, behavior that cuts across different units of abstraction in a software application; expressed as a module, such behavior can be enabled and disabled transparently and non-invasively, without changing the application code itself. Increasing industry demand for expertise in AOSD gives rise to the pedagogical challenge of covering this methodology and its foundations in the computer science curriculum. We present our curricular initiative to incorporate a novel course in AOSD in the …

The Effect Of Domain Knowledge On Icon Visualization, Keng Siau, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Iconic interfaces are now the de facto interface for most computer systems. Despite the popularity of iconic interfaces and the widespread belief that iconic interfaces are easier to comprehend than non-iconic interfaces, we have not come across any published study that has examined the effect of domain knowledge on end users’ interpretation of icons. An understanding of the relationship between domain knowledge and its effect on interpretation will enable us to design better icons to not only facilitate end users’ interpretation but also reduce misinterpretations of icons. This paper reports on an experimental study that investigates the effect of domain …

Using Support Vector Machines For Terrorism Information Extraction, Aixin Sun, Myo-Myo Naing, Ee Peng Lim, Wai Lam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Information extraction (IE) is of great importance in many applications including web intelligence, search engines, text understanding, etc. To extract information from text documents, most IE systems rely on a set of extraction patterns. Each extraction pattern is defined based on the syntactic and/or semantic constraints on the positions of desired entities within natural language sentences. The IE systems also provide a set of pattern templates that determines the kind of syntactic and semantic constraints to be considered. In this paper, we argue that such pattern templates restricts the kind of extraction patterns that can be learned by IE systems. …

Guest Editorial: Text And Web Mining, Ah-Hwee Tan, Philip S. Yu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Text mining and web mining are two interrelated fields that have received a lot of attention in recent years. Text mining [1, 2] is concerned with the analysis of very large document collections and the extraction of hidden knowledge from text-based data. Web mining [3] refers to the analysis and mining of all web-related data, including web content, hyperlink structure, and web access statistics.

P-Fastus: Information Extraction System Implemented In A Constraint Programming Language -Sicstus Prolog, Rajen Subba '03

Honors Projects

P-FASTUS is an Information Extraction system developed in SICStus Prolog based on the implementation of FASTUS. It is program that extracts prespecified information such as the name of the companny, location and the position being advertised from" Job PostingIs'' in text files. The system is composed of different levels of processing phases that are implemented using finite-state transducers.

Automatic Speaker Identification Using Reusable And Retrainable Binary-Pair Partitioned Neural Networks, Ashutosh Mishra

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This thesis presents an extension of the work previously done on speaker identification using Binary Pair Partitioned (BPP) neural networks. In the previous work, a separate network was used for each pair of speakers in the speaker population. Although the basic BPP approach did perform well and had a simple underlying algorithm, it had the obvious disadvantage of requiring an extremely large number of networks for speaker identification with large speaker populations. It also requires training of networks proportional to the square of the number of speakers under consideration, leading to a very large number of networks to be trained …

Ontology-Based Extraction Of Rdf Data From The World Wide Web, Timothy Adam Chartrand

Theses and Dissertations

The simplicity and proliferation of the World Wide Web (WWW) has taken the availability of information to an unprecedented level. The next generation of the Web, the Semantic Web, seeks to make information more usable by machines by introducing a more rigorous structure based on ontologies. One hinderance to the Semantic Web is the lack of existing semantically marked-up data. Until there is a critical mass of Semantic Web data, few people will develop and use Semantic Web applications. This project helps promote the Semantic Web by providing content. We apply existing information-extraction techniques, in particular, the BYU ontologybased data-extraction …

Tr-2003002: A Knowledge Based Semantics Of Messages, Rohit Parikh, R. Ramanujam

Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

A Tabular Propositional Logic: And/Or Table Translator, Chen-Hsiu Lee

Theses Digitization Project

The goal of this project is to design a tool to help users translate any logic statement into Disjunctive Normal Form and present the result as an AND/OR TABLE, which makes the logic relation easier to express by using a two-dimensional grid of values or expressions. This tool is implemented through a web-based and Java-based application. Thus, the user can utilize this tool via World Wide Web.

The Staging Transformation Approach To Mixing Initiative, Robert Capra, Michael Narayan, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan, Manuel A. Pérez-Quiñones

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Mixed-initiative interaction is an important facet of many conversational interfaces, flexible planning architectures, intelligent tutoring systems, and interactive information retrieval systems. Software systems for mixed-initiative interaction must enable us to both operationalize the mixing of initiative (i.e., support the creation of practical dialogs) and to reason in real-time about how a flexible mode of interaction can be supported (e.g., from a meta-dialog standpoint). In this paper, we present the staging transformation approach to mixing initiative, where a dialog script captures the structure of the dialog and dialog control processes are realized through generous use of program transformation techniques (e.g., partial …

Patterns Of Curriculum Design, Doug Blank, Deepak Kumar

Computer Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

We present a perspective on the design of a curriculum for a new computer science program at a women s liberal arts college. The design incorporates lessons learned at the college in its successful implementation of other academic programs, incorporation of best practices in curriculum design at other colleges, results from studies performed on various computer science programs, and a significant number of our own ideas. Several observations and design decisions are presented as curriculum design patterns. The goal of making the design patterns explicit is to encourage a discussion on curriculum design that goes beyond the identification of core …