Digital Commons Network^™

A Method Of Tracking Eye Motion For Human-Computer Interface, Martin Maranski

Theses

It would be of value to create another device for interfacing with a computer besides the commonly used handheld devices; one option is to determine where the user is looking on the screen. The major obstacle to overcome in this task is to be able to reliably track the motion of the iris and pupil in the eye. A method to do this is revealed here, using a variation of the Rough transform to detect circular patterns in a close shot of the eye. The algorithm was developed in Matlab and analyzed over a series of 20 sets of 6 …

Development Of A Demanufacturing System Modeling And Simulation Tool, Jingjing Hu

Theses

This thesis develops a demanufacturing system modeling and simulation tool as an interface between simulation methods and demanufacturers. This tool can mimic the behavior of demanufacturing facility and obtain penetrable understanding of the system. By this modeling tool, one can intuitively analyze the behavior of a system and improve the operational efficiency. Detailed designs on the simulation tool including user interface, logic, and user view are presented in this thesis. The initial prototype version of the system modeling and simulation tool has been completed with fourteen modules in the developed template. Each object in the template refers to a specific …

Integrating Domain Knowledge With Data: From Crisp To Probabilistic And Fuzzy Knowledge, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich, Leonid Reznik

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

It is well known that prior knowledge about the domain can improve (often drastically) the accuracy of the estimates of the physical quantities in comparison with the estimates which are solely based on the measurement results. In this paper, we show how a known method of integrating crisp domain knowledge with data can be (naturally) extended to the case when the domain knowledge is described in statistical or fuzzy terms.

How Important Is Theory For Practical Problems? A Partial Explanation Of Hartmanis' Observation, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

Granularity As An Optimal Approach To Uncertainty - A General Mathematical Idea With Applications To Sleep, Consumption, Traffic Control, Learning, Etc., Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Traditional statistical and fuzzy approaches to describing uncertainty are continuous in the sense that we use a (potentially infinite) set of values from the interval [0,1] to characterize possible degrees of uncertainty. In reality, experts describe their degree of belief by using one of the finitely many words from natural language; in this sense, the actual description of expert uncertainty is granular.

In this paper, we show that in some reasonable sense, granularity is the optimal way of describing uncertainty. A similar mathematical idea explains similar "granularity" in such diverse areas as sleep, consumption, traffic control, and learning.

A New Graph Characteristic And Its Application To Numerical Computability, Frank Harary, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many traditional numerical algorithms include a step on which we check whether a given real number a is equal to 0. This checking is easy for rational numbers, but for constructive real numbers, whether a number is 0 or not is an algorithmically undecidable problem. It is therefore desirable to re-formulate the existing algorithms with as few such comparisons as possible. We describe a new graph characteristic; this characteristic describes how the number of comparisons in an algorithm can be reduced.

A Comment On The Shape Of The Solution Set For Systems Of Interval Linear Equations With Dependent Coefficients, Goetz Alefeld, Vladik Kreinovich, Guenter Mayer, Michael Huth

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

This article is a short supplement to our previously published paper, in which we prove that each semialgebraic set can be represented as a projection of a solution set of some system of linear equations with dependent coefficients. The new results says that interval occurring can be chosen as narrow as wanted. This new result is proven by a simple linear transformation.

Fuzzy (Granular) Levels Of Quality, With Applications To Data Mining And To Structural Integrity Of Aerospace Structures, Roberto A. Osegueda, Carlos Ferregut, Vladik Kreinovich, Seelam Seetharami, Harry Schulte

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Experts usually describe quality by using words from natural language such as "perfect", "good", etc. In this paper, we deduce natural numerical values corresponding to these words, and show that these values explain empirical dependencies uncovered in data mining and in the analysis of structural integrity of aerospace structures.

Why Two Sigma? A Theoretical Justification, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich, Gennady N. Solopchencko, Ching-Wang Tao

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

For a normal distribution, the probability density is everywhere positive, so in principle, all real numbers are possible. In reality, the probability that a random variable is far away from the mean is so small that this possibility can be often safely ignored. Usually, a small real number k is picked (e.g., 2 or 3); then, with a probability P0(k)~1 (depending on k), the normally distributed random variable with mean a and standard deviation sigma belongs to the interval A=[a-k*sigma,a+k*sigma].

The actual error distribution may be non-Gaussian; hence, the probability P(k) that a random variable belongs to A differs from …

The Use Of Fuzzy Measures In Pain Relief Control, Vladik Kreinovich, Nadipuram R. Prasad

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many people suffer from a continuous strong pain which is caused solely by the malfunction of the pain mechanism itself. One way to ease their pain is to electrically stimulate the spinal cord. Since the equations of pain are not known, we must use heuristic methods to find the optimal pain relief stimulation. In this paper, we show how fuzzy measures and similar nonlinear models can be used in pain relief control: they can be used to determine the parameters of the model which describes the dependence of the pain relief on the applied stimulation. Thus, fuzzy measures lead to …

Building The Veco Online Community : A Model For Encouraging Novices., Michelle Williams, Janine Bowes.

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Building online networks and designing network activity is becoming central to how educators and other education-based professionals work, train others and teach students. It is only since 1995 that Internet connectivity in Australia has provided the critical mass and momentum which alters how people work, who they work with and how they learn. Thus the business of helping professional networks develop and become part of the lives of their members is uncharted territory and an area for research and development for educators in all fields. This paper shares the story of the development of an Australian Network for Vocational Education …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 16, Number 5, May 2000, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A nineteen page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Rotation-Invariant Synthetic Discriminant Function Filter For Pattern Recognition, Vahid R. Riasati, Partha P. Banerjee, Mustafa A. G. Abushagur, Kenneth B. Howell

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The ring synthetic discriminant function (RSDF) filter for rotation-invariant response is discussed for pattern recognition. This method uses one half of a slice of the Fourier transform of the object to generate the transfer function of the filter. This is accomplished by rotating the one half of a slice in the Fourier domain through 2π rad about the zero-frequency point of the Fourier plane. This filter has the advantage of always matching at least one half of a slice of the Fourier transform of any rotation of the image. An analytical discussion of the filter construction and correlation results are …

3d Outside Cell Interference Factor For An Air-Ground Cdma ‘Cellular’ System, David W. Matolak

Faculty Publications

We compute the outside-cell interference factor of a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system for a three-dimensional (3-D) air-to-ground (AG) "cellular-like" network consisting of a set of uniformly distributed ground base stations and airborne mobile users. The CDMA capacity is roughly inversely proportional to the outside-cell interference factor. It is shown that for the nearly free-space propagation environment of these systems, the outside-cell interference factor can be larger than that for terrestrial propagation models (as expected) and depends approximately logarithmically upon both the cell height and cell radius.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 16, Number 4, April 2000, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Towards Feasible Approach To Plan Checking Under Probabilistic Uncertainty: Interval Methods, Raul A. Trejo, Vladik Kreinovich, Chitta Baral

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

The main problem of planning is to find a sequence of actions that an agent must perform to achieve a given objective. An important part of planning is checking whether a given plan achieves the desired objective. Historically, in AI, the planning and plan checking problems were mainly formulated and solved in a deterministic environment, when the initial state is known precisely and when the results of each action in each state is known (and uniquely determined). In this deterministic case, planning is difficult, but plan checking is straightforward. In many real-life situations, we only know the probabilities of different …

A Generic Object-Oriented Server Model, Brian Douglas Jones

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a generic, object-oriented model for the simulation of networks of queues. Generic simulation modeling provides robust ways of laying out processes in stochastic, event driven simulations. The approach taken is to define a methodology that will be implementation independent, termed the Generic Server Simulation Model (GSSM); thus, leaving the implementers to choose the best (most suited for their use) means of implementation. GSSM uses many object-oriented concepts to provide its basic structure and has in its design the ability to take advantage of these object-oriented concepts, including reuse of (existing) code. GSSM …

Process Flow Optimization Studies Through Discrete Event Simulation, Milind Chokshi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Computer-aided simulation has begun to emerge as a powerful tool for numerical analysis of the behavior and anticipated performance of industrial systems and their optimization. Applications include materials handling, storage and controls systems, prediction of manufacturing efficiencies, and production optimization. Simulations are used to test baseline models and subsequently analyze new production concepts, operating strategies, and planned procedures prior to costly implementation.

The study of process flows in a manufacturing environment is difficult due to its inherent stochastic nature. Breakdown of the sub-systems and failures of machines is a random process and needs to be solved based on concepts of …

A Digital Pressure Sensor Data Acquisition System In A Wind Tunnel Model, John J. Novakoski

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Pressure measurements on wind tunnel models provide an important aid to overall aerodynamic analysis and design of aircraft and vehicles. Most pressure measurements in wind tunnels are made using analog pressure sensors with interfacing electronics that connect to an external data acquisition unit. Some of desirable features of an improved pressure measurement system are that it be: 1) model embeddable, 2) inherently digital in nature, 3) intelligent, and 4) controllable by a remote computer.

An intelligent, model-embedded, eight-channel digital pressure sensor system has been developed and tested in a wind tunnel. The implemented system consists of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) digital …

Fundamental Properties Of Pair-Wise Interactions Naturally Lead To Quarks And Quark Confinement: A Theorem Motivated By Neural Universal Approximation Results, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In traditional mechanics, most interactions are pair-wise; if we omit one of the particles from our description, then the original pair-wise interaction can sometimes only be represented as interaction between triples, etc. It turns out that, vice versa, every possible interaction between N particles can be represented as pair-wise interaction if we represent each of the original N particles as a triple of new ones (and two new ones are not enough for this representation). The resulting three "particles" actually represent a single directly observable particles and in this sense, cannot be separated. So, this representation gives a fundamental reason …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 16, Number 3, March 2000, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A ten page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

A Distributed Agent Architecture For A Computer Virus Immune System, Paul K. Harmer

Theses and Dissertations

Information superiority is identified as an Air Force core competency and is recognized as a key enabler for the success of future missions. Information protection and information assurance are vital components required for achieving superiority in the Infosphere, but these goals are threatened by the exponential birth rate of new computer viruses. The increased global interconnectivity that is empowering advanced information systems is also increasing the spread of malicious code and current anti-virus solutions are quickly becoming overwhelmed by the burden of capturing and classifying new viral stains. To overcome this problem, a distributed computer virus immune system (CVIS) based …

Mission Route Planning With Multiple Aircraft & Targets Using Parallel A* Algorithm, Ergin Sezer

Theses and Dissertations

The general Mission Route Planning (MRP) Problem is the process of selecting an aircraft flight path in order to fly from a starting point through defended terrain to target(s), and return to a safe destination. MRP is a three-dimensional, multi-criteria path search. Planning of aircraft routes involves an elaborate search through numerous possibilities, which can severely task the resources of the system being used to compute the routes. Operational systems can take up to a day to arrive at a solution due to the combinatorial nature of the problem, which is not acceptable, because time is critical in aviation. Also, …

Crop Updates 2000 Cereals - Part 3, Roslyn J. Jettner, Blakely Paynter, Glenn Macdonald, Pierre Fievez, Ian Foster, David Tennant, Wal Anderson, James Ridsdill-Smith, Celia Pavri, Ross Chapman, Senthold Asseng, Steve Carr, Brad Nutt, Lindrea Latham, Roger Jones, Anyou Liu, Clinton K. Revell, David Ferris, Roy Latta, Lisa-Jane Blacklow, Chris Matthews, Ted Woodburn, Paul Yeoh, Ian Rose, Anita Lyons, Simon Cook, Matthew L. Adams, Robert J. Corner

Crop Updates

This session covers eighteen papers from different authors:

BARLEY AND OAT AGRONOMY

1. Unicorn barley must meet malting specifications to be a viable option, Roslyn Jettnerand Blakely Paynter, Agriculture Western Australia

2. Optimum oat seed rates, Glenn McDonald, Agriculture Western Australia

3. Production and Quality of export Oaten Hay (1998 and 1989), Pierre Fievez, Pierre Fievez and Associates

FROST

4. Climatology of Frost in Southern Western Australia, Ian Foster, Agriculture Western Australia

5. Flowering calculator, David Tennant, Agriculture Western Australia

6. Some options for managing the risk of frost damage, Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia

PASTURE

7. …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 16, Number 2, February 2000, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A ten page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Chu Spaces: Towards New Justification For Fuzzy Heuristics, Nhu Nguyen, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

We show that Chu spaces, a new formalism used to describe parallelism and information flow, provide uniform explanations for different choices of fuzzy methodology, such as choices of fuzzy logical operations, of membership functions, of defuzzification, etc.

Error Estimations For Indirect Measurements: Randomized Vs. Deterministic Algorithms For "Black-Box" Programs, Vladik Kreinovich, Raul A. Trejo

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many real-life situations, it is very difficult or even impossible to directly measure the quantity y in which we are interested: e.g., we cannot directly measure a distance to a distant galaxy or the amount of oil in a given well. Since we cannot measure such quantities directly, we can measure them indirectly: by first measuring some relating quantities x1,...,xn, and then by using the known relation between xi and y to reconstruct the value of the desired quantity y.

In practice, it is often very important to estimate the error of the resulting indirect measurement. In this paper, …

On The Assessment Of Stability And Patterning Of Speech Movements, Anne Smith, Michael T. Johnson, Clare Mcgillem, Lisa Goffman

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Speech requires the control of complex movements of orofacial structures to produce dynamic variations in the vocal tract transfer function. The nature of the underlying motor control processes has traditionally been investigated by employing measures of articulatory movements, including movement amplitude, velocity, and duration, at selected points in time. An alternative approach, first used in the study of limb motion, is to examine the entire movement trajectory over time. A new approach to speech movement trajectory analysis was introduced in earlier work from this laboratory. In this method, trajectories from multiple movement sequences are time- and amplitude-normalized, and the STI …

Characterization Of Poly-Si Thin Films Deposited By Magnetron Sputtering Onto Ni Prelayers, Elena A. Guliants, Wayne A. Anderson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A method of producing a polycrystalline silicon thin film on a foreign substrate without subsequent annealing has been developed. Thermally evaporated 5–100 nm thick Nifilms served as prelayers for magnetron sputtered Si thin films. A continuous film was obtained as a result of metal induced growth of polysilicon during low temperature (below 600 °C) deposition. The film uniformity is promising for large area device applications. The influence of the Ni prelayer thickness on the grain size of thus obtained films was investigated. Atomic force microscopy and cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy studies revealed features in the 150–600 nm size range while …

Intelligent Mining In Image Databases, With Applications To Satellite Imaging And To Web Search, Stephen Gibson, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre, Brian Penn, Scott A. Starks

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

An important part of our knowledge is in the form of images. For example, a large amount of geophysical and environmental data comes from satellite photos, a large amount of the information stored on the Web is in the form of images, etc. It is therefore desirable to use this image information in data mining. Unfortunately, most existing data mining techniques have been designed for mining numerical data and are thus not well suited for image databases. Hence, new methods are needed for image mining. In this paper, we show how data mining can be used to find common patterns …