Digital Commons Network^™

Factors Affecting The Bit Error Rate Performance Of The Indoor Radio Propagation Channel For 2.3-2.5 Ghz Frequency Band, Edward A. Walker

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The use of wireless in buildings based on microwave radio technology has recently become a viable alternative to the traditional wired transmission media. Because of the portable nature of radio transceivers, the need for extensive cabling of buildings with either twisted pair, coaxial, or optical fibre cable is eliminated. This is particularly desirable where high user mobility occurs and existing wiring is not in place, or buildings are heritage in nature and extensive cabling is seen as intrusive. Economic analysis bas also shown that significant labour cost savings can result by using a radio system or a hybrid mix of …

Maximum-Likelihood Image Estimation Using Photon-Correlated Beams, Majeed M. Hayat, Muhammad Sajjad Abdullah, Adel Joobeur, Bahaa E.A. Saleh

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

A theory is presented addressing the fundamental limits of image estimation in a setup that uses two photon-correlated beams. These beams have the property that their photon arrivals, as a point process, are ideally synchronized in time and space. The true image represents the spatial distribution of the optical transmittance (or reflectance) of an object. In this setup, one beam is used to probe the image while the other is used as a reference providing additional information on the actual number of photons impinging on the object. This additional information is exploited to reduce the effect of quantum noise associated …

Information Domain Modeling Of Emergent Phenomena, Ron Fulbright

Theses and Dissertations

Study in fields such as distributed artificial intelligence (DAI), decentralized artificial intelligence (DzAI), parallel artificial intelligence (PAl), multiagent systems (MAS), computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), artificial life (AL), and complex adaptive systems (CAS) is concerned with the cooperation, coordination, communication, and coherence of multiple agents working together to achieve a common goal. The notion that the ability of a collective can exceed the sum of the individuals is a fundamental concept and a generally accepted truth. However, no general theoretical explanation exists as to why this could or should be the case. This dissertation explores such an explanation by considering …

Multimedia Tools For The Creation Of Online Learning Materials : A Critique, Victor Augustine Udosen

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Statistical And Dempster-Shafer Techniques In Testing Structural Integrity Of Aerospace Structures, Roberto A. Osegueda, Seetharami R. Seelam, Ana C. Holguin, Vladik Kreinovich, Chin-Wang Tao, Hung T. Nguyen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

We describe the existing statistics-related methods of testing structural integrity for aerospace structures, describe their drawbacks, how they can be overcome, and compare the resulting techniques.

Projection-Based Image Registration In The Presence Of Fixed-Pattern Noise, Ernest Armstrong, Stephen C. Cain, Majeed M. Hayat

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

A computationally efficient method for image registration is investigated that can achieve an improved performance over the traditional two-dimensional (2-D) cross-correlation-based techniques in the presence of both fixed-pattern and temporal noise. The method relies on transforming each image in the sequence of frames into two vector projections formed by accumulating pixel values along the rows and columns of the image. The vector projections corresponding to successive frames are in turn used to estimate the individual horizontal and vertical components of the shift by means of a one-dimensional (1-D) cross-correlation-based estimator. While gradient-based shift estimation techniques are computationally efficient, they often …

Automated Online News Classification With Personalization, Chee-Hong Chan, Aixin Sun, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Classification of online news, in the past, has often been done manually. In our proposed Categorizor system, we have experimented an automated approach to classify online news using the Support Vector Machine (SVM). SVM has been shown to deliver good classification results when ample training documents are given. In our research, we have applied SVM to personalized classification of online news.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 18, Number 3, November 2001, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Representation, Elicitation, And Aggregation Of Uncertainty In Risk Analysis - From Traditional Probabilistic Techniques To More General, More Realistic Approaches: A Survey, Scott Ferson, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

A Dipolar Coupling Based Strategy For Simultaneous Resonance Assignment And Structure Determination Of Protein Backbones, Fang Tian, Homayoun Valafar, James H. Prestegard

Faculty Publications

A new approach for simultaneous protein backbone resonance assignment and structure determination by NMR is introduced. This approach relies on recent advances in high-resolution NMR spectroscopy that allow observation of anisotropic interactions, such as dipolar couplings, from proteins partially aligned in field ordered media. Residual dipolar couplings are used for both geometric information and a filter in the assembly of residues in a sequential manner. Experimental data were collected in less than one week on a small redox protein, rubredoxin, that was 15N enriched but not enriched above 1% natural abundance in 13C. Given the acceleration possible with partial 13C …

Statistical Evaluation Of Image Quality Measures, Ismail Avcibas, Bulent Sankur, Khalid Sayood

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this work we comprehensively categorize image quality measures, extend measures defined for gray scale images to their multispectral case, and propose novel image quality measures. They are categorized into pixel difference-based, correlation-based, edge-based, spectral-based, context-based and human visual system (HVS)-based measures. Furthermore we compare these measures statistically for still image compression applications. The statistical behavior of the measures and their sensitivity to coding artifacts are investigated via analysis of variance techniques. Their similarities or differences are illustrated by plotting their Kohonen maps. Measures that give consistent scores across an image class and that are sensitive to coding artifacts are …

A Statistical Analysis For Rule Base Reduction, Vladik Kreinovich, Claude Langrand, Hung T. Nguyen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

When we take into account more input variables in a control system, the number of rules grows exponentially. To decrease the number of rules, we propose not to explicitly state the control for every combination of input variables, but to use the "otherwise" clause. In this paper, we provide a simple statistical analysis of the resulting reduction and show, on a case study, that this reduction can indeed be drastic.

Non-Associative Operations, Bernadette Bouchon-Meunier, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

How is fuzzy logic usually formalized? There are many seemingly reasonable requirements that a logic should satisfy: e.g., since A&B and B&A are the same, the corresponding and-operation should be commutative. Similarly, since A&A means the same as A, we should expect that the and-operation should also satisfy this property, etc. It turns out to be impossible to satisfy all these seemingly natural requirements, so usually, some requirements are picked as absolutely true (like commutativity or associativity), and others are ignored if they contradict to the picked ones. This idea leads to a neat mathematical theory, but the analysis of …

Interval Mathematics: Algebraic Aspects, Sompong Dhompongsa, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many application-oriented mathematical models deal with real numbers. In real life, due to the inevitable measurement inaccuracy, we do not know the exact values of the measured quantities, we know, at best, the intervals of possible values. It is thus desirable to analyze how the corresponding mathematical results will look if we replace numbers by intervals.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 18, Number 2, October 2001, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

On Clustering And Retrieval Of Video Shots, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Clustering of video data is an important issue in video abstraction, browsing and retrieval. In this paper, we propose a two-level hierarchical clustering approach by aggregating shots with similar motion and color features. Motion features are computed directly from 20 tensor histograms, while color features are represented by 30 color histograms. Cluster validity analysis is further applied to automatically determine the number of clusters at each level. Video retrieval can then be done directly based on the result of clustering. The proposed approach is found to be useful particularly for sports games, where motion and color are important visual cues …

Reifying Communication At The Application Level, Andrew P. Black, Jie Huang, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Middleware, from the earliest RPC systems to recent Object-Oriented Remote Message Sending (RMS) systems such as Java RMI and CORBA, claims transparency as one of its main attributes. Coulouris et al. define transparency as “the concealment from the … application programmer of the separation of components in a distributed system.” They go on to identify eight different kinds of transparency.

We considered titling this paper “Transparency Considered Harmful”, but that title is misleading because it implies that all kinds of transparency are bad. This is not our view. Rather, we believe that the choice of which transparencies should be offered …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 18, Number 1, September 2001, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A twelve page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Video Partitioning By Temporal Slice Coherency, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Roland T. Chin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We present a novel approach for video partitioning by detecting three essential types of camera breaks, namely cuts, wipes, and dissolves. The approach is based on the analysis of temporal slices which are extracted from the video by slicing through the sequence of video frames and collecting temporal signatures. Each of these slices contains both spatial and temporal information from which coherent regions are indicative of uninterrupted video partitions separated by camera breaks. Properties could further be extracted from the slice for both the detection and classification of camera breaks. For example, cut and wipes are detected by color-texture properties, …

Towards Fusing Sophisticated Mathematical Knowledge And Informal Expert Knowledge: An Arbitrary Metric Can Be Naturally Interpreted In Fuzzy Terms, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich, Witold Pedrycz

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical situations, we are faced with a necessity to combine sophisticated mathematical knowledge about the analyzed systems with informal expert knowledge. To make this combination natural, it is desirable to reformulate the abstract mathematical knowledge in understandable intuitive terms. In this paper, we show how this can be done for an abstract metric.

One way to define a metric is to pick certain properties P1, ..., Pn, and to define a similarity between two objects x and y as the degree to which P1(x) is similar to P1(y) and P2(x) is similar to P2(y), etc.

Similarity is naturally …

Second-Order Uncertainty As A Bridge Between Probabilistic And Fuzzy Approaches, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

On the example of physics, we show that the traditional one-level description is not completely adequate. For a more adequate structure, a hierarchical description of uncertainty is necessary, which supplements the more traditional first-order uncertainty with second-order, third-order and more sophisticated models. In particular, the second-order approach seems to provide a bridge between probabilistic and fuzzy approaches to uncertainty.

Feedback Correction Of Angular Error In Grating Readout, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Sundaram Ramachandran

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Angular and wavelength READ beam errors in holographic interconnection systems are often a recurrent problem. Several strategies have been proposed to minimize or eliminate such READOUT misalignments.

Some years ago, Chatterjee and co-workers proposed a method involving READ beam wavelength tuning to correct output angular errors. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using an acousto-optic (A-O) Bragg cell with optoelectronic feedback to dynamically correct the scattered beam for deviations in the incidence direction of the READ beam of a hologram. The concept here is based on an acoustic frequency feedback strategy used recently by Balakshy and Kazaryan for …

Minimum Mean Square Error Spectral Peak Envelope Estimation For Automatic Vowel Classification, Jaishree Venugopal

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Spectral feature computations continue to be a very difficult problem for accurate machine recognition of speech. In this work, which focuses on vowels, a new spectral peak envelope method for vowel classification is developed, based on a missing frequency components model of speech recognition. According to the missing frequency components model, vowel recognition depends only on the spectral (harmonic) peaks. Smoothing and interpolation of the spectra, performed in the standard cepstral analysis method commonly used in automatic speech recognition, actually loses valuable information and results in reduced recognition accuracy. The new method for feature extraction presented in this thesis is …

2-D Analogues Of Allen Interval Algebra For Image Analysis: Towards Justification, Scott A. Starks, Dima Iourinski, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In reasoning about time and duration, researchers often use Allen's Interval Algebra. This algebra describes possible relations between 1-D intervals. An interval can precede the other one, follow the other one, start the other one, etc. This algebra describes the relationship between different intervals in terms of words from natural language. To give a natural language description of 2D images, it is desirable to develop a similar approach for describing the relationship between 2-D objects in a picture. In their recent papers, Jim Keller and his collaborators proposed a new approach based on a simulation of a ``force" between these …

Reduction To Independent Variables: From Normal Distribution To General Statistical Case To Fuzzy, Mourad Oussalah, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical problems, we must combine ("fuse") data represented in different formats, e.g., statistical, fuzzy, etc. The simpler the data, the easier to combine them. Therefore, to combine complex data, it is desirable to "decompose" this complex data into simpler (easy-to-combine) data chunks.

It is well known that when we have n random variables x1, ..., xn with a joint Gaussian distribution, then we can reduce them to n independent variables by an appropriate linear transformation x1, ..., xn --> y1 = f1(x1,...,xn), ..., yn = fn(x1,...,xn). It is not so well known but also true that when we …

Interval Methods In Remote Sensing: Reliable Sub-Division Of Geological Areas, David D. Coblentz, George R. Keller, Vladik Kreinovich, Jan Beck, Scott A. Starks

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 17, Number 9, June 2001, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Towards Automatic Detection Of Erroneous Measurement Results In A Gravity Database, Qian Wen, Ann Q. Gates, Jan Beck, Vladik Kreinovich, George R. Keller

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Geospatial databases often contain erroneous measurements. For some such databases such as gravity databases, the known methods of detecting erroneous measurements -- based on regression analysis -- do not work well. As a result, to clean such databases, experts use manual methods which are very time-consuming. In this paper, we propose a (natural) "localized" version of regression analysis as a technique for automatic cleaning. We illustrate the efficiency of this technique on the example of the gravity database.

Towards More Realistic (E.G., Non-Associative) And- And Or-Operations In Fuzzy Logic, Jesus Martinez, Leopoldo Macias, Ammar Esper, Jesus Chaparro, Vick Alvarado, Scott A. Starks, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

How is fuzzy logic usually formalized? There are many seemingly reasonable requirements that a logic should satisfy: e.g., since A&B and B&A are the same, the corresponding and-operation should be commutative. Similarly, since A&A means the same as A, we should expect that the and-operation should also satisfy this property, etc. It turns out to be impossible to satisfy all these seemingly natural requirements, so usually, some requirements are picked as absolutely true (like commutativity or associativity), and others are ignored if they contradict to the picked ones. This idea leads to a neat mathematical theory, but the analysis of …

Infopipes—An Abstraction For Information Flow, Jie Huang, Andrew P. Black, Jonathan Walpole, Calton Pu

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Building Object-Oriented Distributed Systems has been facilitated by Remote Message Sending (RMS) systems like Java RMI and implementations of CORBA. However, RMS systems are designed to support request/response interactions. Streaming applications, in contrast, are characterized by high-bandwidth, long-duration communication with stringent performance requirements. Examples of streaming applications include video-on-demand, teleconferencing, on-line education, and environmental observation. These applications transfer huge amounts of data and focus on distributed information flow rather than request/response.

To simplify the task of building distributed streaming applications, we propose a new abstraction for information flow—Infopipes. Using Infopipes, information flow becomes the heart of the system, not an …