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Why Our Financial Literacy Programming Died (And How Yours Can Succeed), Wendy C. Doucette Jan 2017

Why Our Financial Literacy Programming Died (And How Yours Can Succeed), Wendy C. Doucette

ETSU Faculty Works

This is the story of a financial literacy endeavor that sputtered, surged, and then died. While it did not succeed at my institution, I share the story and the resources in the hope that its successes and failures might be of use to others.

Although I had already been a professional librarian for seven years when I took my new position as Graduate Research and Instruction Librarian at East Tennessee State University near the beginning of fall semester 2014, I had never worked in public services. Fortunately, I had been a teacher, received professional training in pedagogy, and was comfortable …


Senior Wellness: Gracefully Aging Across Generations, Sarah Abuali, Angela Bourassa, Patricia Erickson, Nikki Kupferman, Jay Lloyd-Montgomery, Srividya Murthy, Aditi Reddy, Samira Tella, Kevin Trac, Taylor Walter Jan 2017

Senior Wellness: Gracefully Aging Across Generations, Sarah Abuali, Angela Bourassa, Patricia Erickson, Nikki Kupferman, Jay Lloyd-Montgomery, Srividya Murthy, Aditi Reddy, Samira Tella, Kevin Trac, Taylor Walter

ISCOPES Posters and Presentations

No abstract provided.


The Scope, The Scope Jan 2017

The Scope, The Scope

The Scope

Collection of all 2016 articles from The Scope.

About The Scope

This magazine was produced by students in Science Journalism (MASC 491-005), which was taught during the Fall 2016 semester by Jeff South, an associate professor in the Robertson School of Media and Culture at Virginia Commonwealth University, and Sara Williams, head of academic outreach for VCU Libraries.

The course, VCU’s first focusing exclusively on science reporting, was supported by a grant that funds projects aligned with VCU’s strategic plan, called Quest for Distinction. VCU selected the Science Journalism course as a “disruptively innovative idea” and as a way …


The Making Of A Virtual Monster: Ideological Criticism On The Isis Hate And Extremism, Md Shah Jahan Jan 2017

The Making Of A Virtual Monster: Ideological Criticism On The Isis Hate And Extremism, Md Shah Jahan

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The 9/11 incident and its subsequent terrorism specifically the rise of radical Islamist groups like ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria), and al-Qaeda astounds the world. ISIS’s propaganda technique using digital media helps the terrorist group motivate and recruit a large group of people from around the world. Terrorist incidents like the Dhaka café in 2016 and France soccer game attack in 2015 provide a glimpse of ISIS ferocity and barbarism with its subsequent series of attacks. This research examines the kind of rhetorical language that ISIS leaders and followers use to support their ideologies. And, how the internet …


Nurse Perceived Barriers To Effective Nurse-Client Communication, Sara J. Brandenburg Jan 2017

Nurse Perceived Barriers To Effective Nurse-Client Communication, Sara J. Brandenburg

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Successful client care depends on effective nurse-client communication. It is essential in meeting clients' needs, providing quality care, and maximizing positive client outcomes. The intent of this thesis was to explore nurse perceived barriers to effective nurse-client communication. A literature review was conducted and nine articles were identified as addressing nurse perceived barriers to communication. Four major barriers were identified: nurse comfort and knowledge, environment, time, and culture and language. Research on interventions to address nurses' perceptions of barriers to effective nurse-client communication may provide a better understanding of communication barriers and address issues created by ineffective communication with clients.


Motivational Strategies For Improving Healthy Eating Habits: A Thematic Analysis Of A Myplate Twitter Campaign, Md Jamal Uddin Jan 2017

Motivational Strategies For Improving Healthy Eating Habits: A Thematic Analysis Of A Myplate Twitter Campaign, Md Jamal Uddin

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study examined the #MyPlateMyWins Twitter campaign from ChooseMyPlate.gov to understand the motivational strategies used to influence people to change their eating habits. Although studies have explored healthy diet promotion in a variety of contexts, researchers have been slower to explore how Twitter is used in this regard. Applying Uses and Gratification (U&G) theory and using a thematic analysis, this paper found three major strategies used by the campaign: Starting with small changes in health behavior; being a healthy eating role model for kids; and, remaining physically active. These findings should be helpful for organizations or individuals to design effective …


Integrating Behavioral Trigger Messages Into A Mhealth System Design For Chronic Disease Management, Scott Sittig Jan 2017

Integrating Behavioral Trigger Messages Into A Mhealth System Design For Chronic Disease Management, Scott Sittig

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Recent changes in health information technology have dramatically altered the face, delivery, and management of healthcare particularly as it relates to mHealth. With increases in smart phone ownership, mHealth potentially has the ability to provide far-reaching transformation of chronic disease management particularly when aligned with behavioral change theories and persuasive technology. MHealth applications have an advantage over computers and various print communications as the consumer can engage with the application at any time and at any location. The Interactive Health Communication Application (IHCA) states that by combining support mechanisms such as behavior change theories into electronic devices as a method …


Blending Qualitative, Quantitative, And Rhetorical Methods To Engage Citizens In Public Deliberation To Improve Workplace Breastfeeding Support, Jenn Anderson, Rebecca A. Kuehl, Sara A. Mehltretter Drury Jan 2017

Blending Qualitative, Quantitative, And Rhetorical Methods To Engage Citizens In Public Deliberation To Improve Workplace Breastfeeding Support, Jenn Anderson, Rebecca A. Kuehl, Sara A. Mehltretter Drury

Communication Studies Publications

To improve breastfeeding support in local businesses in Brookings, SD, researchers from South Dakota State University partnered with Brookings Health System, the Brookings Area Chamber of Commerce, local breastfeeding advocates, and an expert public deliberation moderator to conduct community-based participatory research leading to a public deliberation event. The collaborative team took a mixed-methods approach, using qualitative, quantitative, and rhetorical methods to collect and analyze data across two phases of the project: formative research (Phase I) and implementation (Phase II). During Phase I, the team conducted focus groups and marketed the project. Results from Phase I shaped the conversations at the …


A Beacon Of Hope: Inoculating Against Relapse, Allison F. Thieneman Jan 2017

A Beacon Of Hope: Inoculating Against Relapse, Allison F. Thieneman

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

Inoculation is a robust theory applied to a variety of health behaviors. Social marketing is designed to change behavior by applying marketing tactics in the context of social change. This study combines inoculation theory with social marketing in the context of substance abuse disorders to promote long-term recovery. This is a pilot project that specifically focuses on the Beacon House, a residential recovery treatment center in Louisville, Kentucky. With the growing drug problem in America, it is necessary to implement effective recovery strategies in treatment programs. The social marketing plan focuses on the target audience to outline potential barriers, motivators, …


Viral Suppression Among Older Persons Living With Diagnosed Hiv Infection (Plwdhi) With Multimorbidity : The Role Of Healthcare Setting, Health Literacy, And Health Knowledge (Mmp 2009-2014), Doris Ogechukwu Maduka Jan 2017

Viral Suppression Among Older Persons Living With Diagnosed Hiv Infection (Plwdhi) With Multimorbidity : The Role Of Healthcare Setting, Health Literacy, And Health Knowledge (Mmp 2009-2014), Doris Ogechukwu Maduka

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

For persons living with diagnosed HIV infection (PLWDHI) 50 years of age and older, in addition to living with diagnosed HIV infection, they are also at risk for age-related chronic conditions. Optimal management of these conditions in addition to HIV is needed if they hope to achieve positive health outcomes such as achieving durable viral suppression, which is the goal for persons receiving HIV treatment. For these patients, having adequate health related information, and the ability to access and navigate the healthcare system, would help them stay engaged and maintain adherence to HIV care. Factors that have been found to …


Mcdonald’S And Its Menu – What Are The Implications?, Jennifer Lemanski, Louis K. Falk, David Hinojosa Jan 2017

Mcdonald’S And Its Menu – What Are The Implications?, Jennifer Lemanski, Louis K. Falk, David Hinojosa

Communication Faculty Publications

McDonald’s is a global leader in the fast food industry with over 36,000 restaurants located in more than 100 countries. Throughout the U.S. McDonald’s is famous for consistency. A consumer can go into any McDonald’s in the U.S. and the French Fries are not only prepared the same, but they will also taste the same. Most other menu items in U.S. have the same uniformity. As McDonald’s expands to other countries this consistency feature starts to waver. McDonald’s locations outside of the U.S. have altered their menus to reflect regional tastes. These menu variations are a result of: religious tenets, …


Resisting The Hospice Narrative In Pursuit Of Quality Of Life, Jillian A. Tullis, Lori A. Roscoe, Patrick J. Dillon Jan 2017

Resisting The Hospice Narrative In Pursuit Of Quality Of Life, Jillian A. Tullis, Lori A. Roscoe, Patrick J. Dillon

Communication Faculty Publications

The overall hospice philosophy is to provide care that enhances a dying person’s quality of life. Most individual’s quality of life is improved when they embrace hospice eligibility and reimbursement requirements, such as stopping burdensome and ineffective curative treatment, addressing pain and other symptoms, and seeking avenues for closure. However, this institutionalized prescription for enhancing quality of life at the end of life does not work for all patients. This article considers what happens when patients’ personal definitions of quality of life at the end of life resist the prevailing narrative of appropriate hospice care. Using a series of examples …


Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2017

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


Examining The Relationship Between Communication Apprehension And Individual Innovativeness In Managers, Michelle Campagnola Jan 2017

Examining The Relationship Between Communication Apprehension And Individual Innovativeness In Managers, Michelle Campagnola

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Communicative challenges that hinder managerial engagement in social networks can impede innovation adoption and thereby damage the financial performance and competitiveness of a firm. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between communication apprehension (CA) and individual innovativeness in managers. The focus of the research questions was determining if a relationship exists between these variables before and after controlling for demographic characteristics. With diffusion of innovation theory as the theoretical framework, this research involved an attempt to address how adoption categories relate to varying degrees of CA. One hundred and five American-based owner-executives, senior managers, and …


A Fresh Take: Rebranding La Catalia, Diana Alessandra Alvites Vasquez Jan 2017

A Fresh Take: Rebranding La Catalia, Diana Alessandra Alvites Vasquez

Whittier Scholars Program

Abstract (English)

This project involves the rebranding of La Catalía, a small, Lima, Peru-based dark kitchen bakery Started during the COVID-19 pandemic in an Instagram launch, La Catalía gained good traction in terms of a customer base but had an incoherent brand identity that reflected the high-quality and artisanal nature of its desserts.

As a result of the project, a holistic rebranding strategy encompassing a new visual identity, a new system of logos, a bespoke icon system, packaging, and a digital content plan for Instagram and TikTok was developed. The objective was to upscale the brand's presence while keeping its …


On Solid Ground I Stand: Narratives On Disclosure, Resilience, And Faith Amidst Recognition Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Wade Rhodes Dundee Jan 2017

On Solid Ground I Stand: Narratives On Disclosure, Resilience, And Faith Amidst Recognition Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Wade Rhodes Dundee

Masters Theses

Childhood sexual abuse seems to be a hidden secret in American society; one of the famous, "If we don't talk about it, it won't happen" narratives. However, we know this is not true. Both the National Sexual Violence Resource Center (2012) and Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2005) state one in four girls and one in six boys will fall victim to sexual abuse before they celebrate their 18th birthday. There is a high probability that because of the alarming lack of disclosure of male survivors, these statistics could be incorrect and could hinder creating or allowing for conversations …


การเล่าเรื่องประเด็นสังคมผ่านคลิปวิดีโอบนสื่อออนไลน์, นิพัทธา อินทรักษา Jan 2017

การเล่าเรื่องประเด็นสังคมผ่านคลิปวิดีโอบนสื่อออนไลน์, นิพัทธา อินทรักษา

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีจุดประสงค์เพื่อวิเคราะห์และอธิบายการเล่าเรื่องประเด็นสังคม บริบทของการเผยแพร่ และความเชื่อมโยงของเนื้อหาในคลิปวิดีโอบนสื่อออนไลน์กับสาระหลักของประเด็นสังคมที่นำเสนอ ใช้รูปแบบการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพด้วยวิธีการวิเคราะห์ตัวบท (Textual Analysis) โดยวิเคราะห์คลิปวิดีโอจำนวน 15 เรื่อง ที่มีจำนวนผู้เข้าชมมากกว่า 100,000 ครั้ง และมีเนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับประเด็นสังคมที่เผยแพร่บนสื่อออนไลน์ในช่วงระหว่างปี พ.ศ. 2558-2560 ผลการวิจัยพบว่า คลิปวิดีโอที่มีเนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับประเด็นสังคมบนสื่อออนไลน์ มีการเล่าเรื่องผ่านเรื่องจริงและเรื่องแต่ง โดยที่การเล่าเรื่องผ่านเรื่องแต่งมี 2 ประเภท ได้แก่ เรื่องแต่งที่ได้แรงบันดาลใจจากเรื่องจริง และเรื่องแต่งจากจินตนาการ เมื่อวิเคราะห์ประเภทของเรื่อง (Genre) พบว่าเป็นแนวชีวิต แนวสารคดี แนวตลก แนวเพลง และแนวแอนิเมชั่น สำหรับบริบทของการเผยแพร่คลิปวิดีโอพบว่า มีคุณลักษณะที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการได้รับการแชร์และมีผู้ชมจำนวนมาก ได้แก่ เนื้อหาของคลิป ช่วงเวลาการเผยแพร่ตามเทศกาลและวันสำคัญ ความยาวของคลิปวิดีโอ ตัวหนังสือที่เป็นบทพูดประกอบการเล่าเรื่อง และการใช้แฮชแท็ก ในด้านความเชื่อมโยงของเนื้อหาในคลิปวิดีโอบนสื่อออนไลน์ กับสาระหลักของประเด็นสังคมพบว่า เป็นประเด็นเกี่ยวกับความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจเจกชนกับสังคม ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างกลุ่มต่อกลุ่ม ประเด็นสังคมที่เกิดจากการเปลี่ยนแปลงทางเทคโนโลยี และประเด็นสังคมที่เกิดมาจากพฤติกรรมเบี่ยงเบน นอกจากนี้เนื้อหาในคลิปวิดีโอมีความเชื่อมโยงกับสาระหลักของประเด็นสังคมที่เป็นเหตุการณ์จริงในช่วงปี พ.ศ. 2558-2560 ได้แก่ เรื่องคุณธรรมจริยธรรม ความสงบสุขของสังคม ระบบการศึกษาที่เท่าเทียมกัน ความรุนแรงโหดร้ายในครอบครัว การหลอกลวงละเมิดและความเท่าเทียมทางเพศ ทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและสิ่งแวดล้อม สื่อปลอดภัยสร้างสรรค์ จิตสำนึกสาธารณะ การเคารพกติกา กฎหมาย สุขภาวะและโภชนาการ


Influence Of Media Messages On Obesity And Health Perceptions Among African American Women, Carolyn Grant Jan 2017

Influence Of Media Messages On Obesity And Health Perceptions Among African American Women, Carolyn Grant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American women have the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, thus increasing their risks for chronic diseases. Their understanding of their health status and response to it could be triggered by messages in the media, yet few researchers have examined this topic with African American women. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore how advertisement and editorial content in media contributed to perceptions African American women have about overweight and obesity. Following the theoretical foundation of the social cognitive theory, the research questions explored what messages study participants encountered and which messages prompted …


Investigating The Practice And Capacity Of Paediatric Occupational Therapists To Promote The Physical Activity Levels Of Children In Western Australia, Sally Coombs Jan 2017

Investigating The Practice And Capacity Of Paediatric Occupational Therapists To Promote The Physical Activity Levels Of Children In Western Australia, Sally Coombs

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Reorientation of the Australian health care system to meet the increasing burden of disease requires health workers to develop a focus on disease prevention and health promotion. In Western Australia (WA) a priority area for the promotion of health involves increasing the physical activity levels (PAL) of children in accordance with Australia’s Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines. There is substantial support in the literature for paediatric occupational therapists, who assist children to participate in a range of meaningful occupations, to incorporate the promotion of children’s PAL into their service. However, there is a dearth of research world-wide regarding occupational …


Book Review: Healthy Teens, Healthy Schools By Vanessa Domine, Hailee K. Dunn Dec 2016

Book Review: Healthy Teens, Healthy Schools By Vanessa Domine, Hailee K. Dunn

Journal of Media Literacy Education

No abstract provided.


What Do You Use Mobile Phones For? A Creative Method Of Thematic Drawing With Adolescents In Rural China, Jiachun Hong Dec 2016

What Do You Use Mobile Phones For? A Creative Method Of Thematic Drawing With Adolescents In Rural China, Jiachun Hong

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This study sets out to explore Chinese adolescents’ subjectivities toward the use of mobile phones, and reveal the dynamic relationship among students, parents, and school concerning mobile phone usage in rural China. Twenty-one high school students were recruited, and asked to draw a painting that expresses their perceptions of mobile phones in relation to family and school life. After analyzing the thematic drawings and their self-explanations upon the drawings, several themes arise: the mobile phone as a bridge of love, as an extension of the home, as an iron cage, as the blasting fuse of family conflicts, and as a …


Predicting Parental Mediation Behaviors: The Direct And Indirect Influence Of Parents’ Critical Thinking About Media And Attitudes About Parent-Child Interactions, Eric E. Rasmussen, Shawna R. White, Andy J. King, Steven Holiday, Rebecca L. Densley Dec 2016

Predicting Parental Mediation Behaviors: The Direct And Indirect Influence Of Parents’ Critical Thinking About Media And Attitudes About Parent-Child Interactions, Eric E. Rasmussen, Shawna R. White, Andy J. King, Steven Holiday, Rebecca L. Densley

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Many parents fail to interact with their children regularly about media content and past research has identified few predictors of parents’ engagement in parental mediation behaviors. The present study explored the relationship between parents’ critical thinking about media and parents’ provision of both active and restrictive mediation of television content. Results revealed that parents’ critical thinking about media is positively associated with both active and restrictive mediation, relationships mediated by parents’ attitudes toward parent-child interactions about media. These findings suggest that media literacy programs aimed at improving parents’ critical thinking about media may be an effective way to alter children’s …


Characteristics Of Medication Advertisements Found In Us Women’S Fashion Magazines, Jennifer Mongiovi, Grace Clarke Hillyer, Corey H. Basch, Danna Ethan, Rodney Hammond Dec 2016

Characteristics Of Medication Advertisements Found In Us Women’S Fashion Magazines, Jennifer Mongiovi, Grace Clarke Hillyer, Corey H. Basch, Danna Ethan, Rodney Hammond

Publications and Research

Background: Although prescriptions are dispensed at discretion of medical professionals, many pharmaceutical companies use direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising to increase sales. Over-the- counter (OTC) medications are similarly marketed.

Methods: We examined the content of advertisements in 38 issues of 9 popular US women’s fashion magazines. We evaluated target audience, health condition, product availability, message appeal, target to females, and mention of potential side effects and benefits.

Results: Sixty total medication advertisements were identified, 58.3% (95% CI: 45.8, 70.8) for prescription products. In magazines targeted to non-Hispanic Whites, >65% of advertisements were for OTC medications whereas 80% (95% CI: 66.7, 94.5) of …


Doula Support As A Means To Improve Birth Outcomes For Minority Women, Christina Bao Ngoc Thich Dec 2016

Doula Support As A Means To Improve Birth Outcomes For Minority Women, Christina Bao Ngoc Thich

Master's Projects and Capstones

Ethnic minorities such as African Americans, American Indians, Hispanics, Laotions, Hmongs, and Alaskan Natives have higher rates of cesarean delivery, pre-term birth, fetal demise, perinatal laceration, and congenital abnormalities than their white counterparts. Continuous labor support by way of doula care has been recommended for all pregnant women as a means to prevent adverse birth outcomes. Despite this, the population most in need of such support in unable to access doula services due to low socioeconomic status, availability of services, and cultural inaccessibility. This paper focuses on my capstone experience with UCSF and Roots of Labor Birth Collective as we …


The Persuasive Effect Of Youtube Videos On Food Waste Habits, Deeti Gupta Dec 2016

The Persuasive Effect Of Youtube Videos On Food Waste Habits, Deeti Gupta

Master's Theses

In the past decade, food waste has emerged as one of the most important food sustainability issues in developed societies and has received increased attention from academic scholars, policymakers, environmental and other civil society organizations. There have also been a growing number of efforts to mitigate this problem, an important component of which has been education to provide consumers with a clearer understanding of the food waste problem and the methods that they can take to change their food waste behaviors. One of the educational approaches has involved social marketing. Social marketers have recently turned to YouTube and other video …


Spartan Daily, December 6, 2016, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Dec 2016

Spartan Daily, December 6, 2016, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2016

Volume 147, Issue 39


Volunteer Yearbook 2016, Centracare Health Dec 2016

Volunteer Yearbook 2016, Centracare Health

Volunteer Yearbook

  • VOLUNTEER AUXILIARY BOARD pg. 1
  • JUNIOR VOLUNTEER ADVISORY COUNCIL pg. 1
  • VOLUNTEER AWARDS pg. 2-3
  • VOLUNTEER AWARDS pg. 4-5
  • AREAS of SERVICE pg. 6-10
  • VOLUNTEER PROGRAM SUMMARY pg. 12
  • HIGHLIGHTS pg. 13
  • SUMMARY of OPERATIONS St. Cloud Hospital Volunteer Auxiliary pg. 14
  • PROJECTS FUNDED pg. 15
  • WAYS to GIVE pg. 16
  • FEATURED PROJECTS pg. 17-21
  • MILESTONES of SERVICE pg. 22-24
  • VOLUNTEER SUPERVISORS pg. 25


An Evaluation Of Blogging As An Educational Tool For Interprofessional Education As Part Of University Experiential Learning, Kelley Robb Dec 2016

An Evaluation Of Blogging As An Educational Tool For Interprofessional Education As Part Of University Experiential Learning, Kelley Robb

Graduate Theses

Since the inception of the Internet, much of our society’s communication has become paperless and instantaneous. The speed at which information can be disseminated has not only changed the way in which we communicate with each other but it has also increased the collaboration between professions, particularly the health sciences. As society shifts to a more virtual environment, it is imperative to assess these online tools to determine whether they elevate our research, educational methods and/or work environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether blogging can be used as an educational tool for interprofessional education in a …


Rhetorical Analysis Of Monsanto, Kyle J. Brannon Dec 2016

Rhetorical Analysis Of Monsanto, Kyle J. Brannon

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Rhetoric, and therefore persuasion, can be utilized to impact society in profound ways. These communication devices can also be used for more sinister and nefarious purposes that can leave black marks on any society’s history. For the purpose of this rhetorical analysis, I thoroughly investigated three artifacts used by the Monsanto Corporation. This project attempts to show how Monsanto utilizes rhetoric and persuasion to convince consumers their products are safe to purchase, although there is no scientific consensus regarding that safety to humans and the environment. Through an examination of these artifacts, I was able to examine how Monsanto used …


A Content Analysis Of Advertising On Children’S Television Networks, Demarius Davis Dec 2016

A Content Analysis Of Advertising On Children’S Television Networks, Demarius Davis

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This content analysis study on licensed characters in advertising collected data in summer 2015 from three children’s cable networks: Cartoon Network, Disney Channel and Nickelodeon. Using Social cognitive theory and based on past research (Barcus, 1975; Atkin, 1976; Calcott & Lee, 1994; Stitt & Kunkel, 2008; LoDolce et al., 2013; Castonguay et al., 2013), the study examined whether the use of licensed characters and emotional appeals varied in advertising for healthy or unhealthy foods, mass media genre and the character’s gender. The study found licensed characters are more likely to be used to promote unhealthy foods, originate from movies and …