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Characteristics Of Extreme Precipitation And Their Effect On Bean Yield In Rwanda, Paul Ts Limbu Sr Dec 2022

Characteristics Of Extreme Precipitation And Their Effect On Bean Yield In Rwanda, Paul Ts Limbu Sr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This study examines the characteristics of extreme precipitation and its effect on bean yield in Rwanda from 1981 to 2017. Over the study area, two rainy seasons, March to May (MAM) and September to December (SOND), account for approximately 80% of total rainfall. The spatial distribution of rainfall over Rwanda revealed that the first three EOF modes of MAM rainfall vary by 72.72 percent over the study period, while the first three EOF modes of SOND rainfall vary by 57.48 percent. The spatial analysis of extreme precipitation reveals that during wet years, the majority of the country's western regions receive …


A Chemical Study Of Archaeometallurgical Ceramics From Southwestern Tanzania, Edwinus Lyaya Dec 2022

A Chemical Study Of Archaeometallurgical Ceramics From Southwestern Tanzania, Edwinus Lyaya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Archaeometallurgical ceramics, including furnaces, tuyères, and potteries, were required for successful pre-industrial iron smelting and refining. However, there are limited chemical studies on archaeometallurgical ceramics in Tanzania. This paper examined the nature of clay source in terms of refractoriness, determined whether there were multiple clay sources, and verified the refractoriness of the archaeometallurgical ceramics. An x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analytical technique and experimental re-firing of the archaeometallurgical ceramics were employed. The chemical data clustered in the mullite region on the Al2O3-SiO2-FeO ternary system indicate that iron smelters and refiners chose refractory clay sources for making archaeometallurgical ceramics. Small range and standard …


Assessing Morphological Changes Of The Msimbazi River Using Satellite Images, Fides J. Izdori Dec 2022

Assessing Morphological Changes Of The Msimbazi River Using Satellite Images, Fides J. Izdori

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This study assessed historical morphology changes of the Msimbazi River in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania, following heavy rainfall events using historical Google earth images. The erosion and sedimentation processes that cause morphological changes of a river are also associated with flooding within the river catchments. In this study, the bank-line movement, erosion and sedimentation areas and changes in river section width were analyzed under three-time periods: 2005- 2012, 2012- 2018, and 2018- 2020. Data shows that, the timing for floods coincides with the historical records for heavy rains. It was found that, area in the upper reaches of the …


Concrete Technology In A Rapidly Growing Urban Environment – The Case Of Dar Es Salaam City, John K. Makunza Jkm Dec 2022

Concrete Technology In A Rapidly Growing Urban Environment – The Case Of Dar Es Salaam City, John K. Makunza Jkm

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Concrete is a building material that is used in great quantities second only to our use of water. The ingredient materials of concrete include cement, fine and coarse aggregates plus a reasonable amount of water, and sometimes additives. The construction of various structures like, residential buildings, commercial buildings, hospitals, schools, bridges, etc., needs good quality concrete. Good modern technologies are needed by the construction industry in order to effectively construct buildings which are durable. A study has been done with the main objective of assessing the concrete technologies existing in rapid growing cities in Sub-Sahara Africa like Dar es Salaam, …


Development Of An Operational Satellite-Based Flood Monitoring Model For Tanzania, Andrew Kimati Dec 2022

Development Of An Operational Satellite-Based Flood Monitoring Model For Tanzania, Andrew Kimati

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Timely information during water related disasters is of utmost importance for flood preparedness and risk reduction. However, the conventional ground-based photographic monitoring of flooded areas is an expensive and time-consuming exercise. Satellite remote sensing is a quick and affordable approach that can be used for concurrent floods detection at different scales. This is important as it facilitates timely information for emergency response to disaster management departments, even in scarcely instrumented catchments. This study presents a novel approach for flood tracking using satellite image remote sensing science to map flood affected areas immediately after occurrence of rainfall events. An open-source water …


Analysis Of Ore Hand-Crushed Size Distribution For Grinding Process In The Artisanal And Small-Scale Gold Mines Production: A Case Study Of Nholi Mine, Bahi District, Malugu Tembo Dec 2022

Analysis Of Ore Hand-Crushed Size Distribution For Grinding Process In The Artisanal And Small-Scale Gold Mines Production: A Case Study Of Nholi Mine, Bahi District, Malugu Tembo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

(ASGM) employed numbers of people compared to large-scale mines. The ASGM has been played a crucial role in poverty alleviation and rural development, particularly in developing countries. The mined ore is crushed and ground for beneficiation of gold. The grinding process involved the size reduction of blasted materials to acquire minerals of interest. This paper presents the size distribution of hand-crushed for blasted materials using sieve analysis and digital image processing. The sieve test results for hand-crushed blasted material of three muck-piles were ranged between 17 mm and 36 mm that is equivalent to 20% and 80% passings respectively, with …


Deployment Of Inductive Loop Vehicle Traffic Counters Along Trunk Roads In Tanzania, Daudi Simbeye Dec 2022

Deployment Of Inductive Loop Vehicle Traffic Counters Along Trunk Roads In Tanzania, Daudi Simbeye

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

As Tanzania's population grows, there is a greater demand for efficient, effective, and strong road design, as well as a smooth transportation system with a balanced traffic management network architecture. To plan for maintenance and expansion of such a vast network, a credible data inventory and network condition must be established. The deployment of vehicle inductor loop counters along Tanzanian trunk roads is presented in this paper. At test sites, inductor loop sensors and control cards were used to capture vehicle traffic data, which was then wirelessly sent using GSM technology for vehicle classification verification and storage for future road …


Energy Assessment Of E-Motorcycles As A Clean Transport Mode For Passenger Mobility: A Case Of Ilala District, Dar Es Salaam, John Shirima Dec 2022

Energy Assessment Of E-Motorcycles As A Clean Transport Mode For Passenger Mobility: A Case Of Ilala District, Dar Es Salaam, John Shirima

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Electric motorcycles or e-motorcycles is a clean mode of road transport that present a prominent solution toward decarbonizing cities. Despite of e-motorcycles being cleaner than gasoline ones, at the moment, there is missing information whether it is feasible to replace gasoline motorcycles with e-motorcycles used for business transport purposes. This paper, therefore, presents the results comparing energy usage when using e-motorcycles and when using the gasoline motorcycles. The energy demand for driving passengers using an e-motorcycle in the precarious routes originated from Gongo la Mboto bus stop to Segerea bus stop, Buguruni Malapa, Gerezani bus stop, Kivukoni bus stop, and …


Modelling Monthly Rainfall Of Calabar, Nigeria Using Box-Jenkins (Arima) Method, Francis Ogbozige Jun 2022

Modelling Monthly Rainfall Of Calabar, Nigeria Using Box-Jenkins (Arima) Method, Francis Ogbozige

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Rainfall has both positive and negative effects on human activities hence, correct prediction of the period of occurrence is very essential. However, the traditional method of predicting months of heavy rainfall is gradually fading out as irregular rainfall pattern is been experienced in most regions of the world. The rainfall pattern in Calabar city in Southern Nigeria has been reported in past literatures of being irregular. Hence, this research applied the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) also known as Box-Jenkins method to model the rainfall pattern of Calabar. This was achieved by subjecting 50years monthly rainfall (1971 – 2020) to …


Cesspits As Onsite Sanitation Facilities In The Non-Sewered Palestinian Rural Areas: Users’ Satisfaction, Needs And Perception., Rehab Thaher, Nidal Mahmoud, Issam A. Al-Khatib, Yung-Tse Hung Mar 2022

Cesspits As Onsite Sanitation Facilities In The Non-Sewered Palestinian Rural Areas: Users’ Satisfaction, Needs And Perception., Rehab Thaher, Nidal Mahmoud, Issam A. Al-Khatib, Yung-Tse Hung

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

The main aim of this research was to assess the problems of using cesspits in the non-sewered areas in the West Bank of Palestine by the means of a questionnaire, with a sample size of 485 households, targeting the cesspits’ owners. People who use cesspits for house onsite wastewater management are not satisfied with them, and most of them complain about high disturbance during discharge of the cesspits (75.5%). Emptying cesspits represents a financial burden, costing 6% of the households’ monthly income. The frequency of cesspits’ emptying decreases substantially when there are onsite GWTPs. People accept that constructing a house …


Resilient Modulus Of Siliciclastic Unbound Granular Materials Under Repeated Wheel Loading, Siya Rimoyi Feb 2022

Resilient Modulus Of Siliciclastic Unbound Granular Materials Under Repeated Wheel Loading, Siya Rimoyi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The Resilient Modulus (Mr) is a fundamental material property input in modern Mechanistic-Empirical (M-E) pavements structural design. Empirical pavement design methods have been in use over a long period during which large databases of four- days-soaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values at or near the Maximum Dry Density have been generated in the strength assessments for Unbound Granular Materials (UGMs). In the adoption of the M-E design approach researchers have so far attempted with various degrees of success to develop models to derive resilient modulus from the conventional CBR-based databases. This study provides an extensive laboratory experimental study to investigate …


Development Of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (Idf) Models For Manually Operated Rain Gauge Catchment: A Case Study Of Port Harcourt Metropolis Using 50 Years Rainfall Data, Francis Ogbozige Feb 2022

Development Of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (Idf) Models For Manually Operated Rain Gauge Catchment: A Case Study Of Port Harcourt Metropolis Using 50 Years Rainfall Data, Francis Ogbozige

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Hydraulic structures such as surface drainages and culverts are usually constructed in urban areas with the intention of draining runoff into nearby streams and rivers in order to avoid flooding. However, most of these structures frequently fail to serve the intended use due to the occurrence of high intensity rainfall accompanied with long duration, which produce runoff discharge higher than their designed capacities. This is common in many developing countries as drainages and culverts are most times constructed without considering hydrological analysis of the catchment. Hence, this research considered Port Harcourt city as a case study by utilizing 50 years …


Prediction Of Uniaxial Compressive Strength Of Granite Rock Samples Of Lugoba Quarry Using Rebound Hammer Test, Moses Kongola, Karim Baruti Jul 2021

Prediction Of Uniaxial Compressive Strength Of Granite Rock Samples Of Lugoba Quarry Using Rebound Hammer Test, Moses Kongola, Karim Baruti

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Rebound hammer test is widely used as an indirect measure of uniaxial compressive strength for engineering materials such as concrete, soil, and rock in both civil and mining engineering works. In quarries, uniaxial compressive strength is a crucial parameter in the analysis of geotechnical problems involving rock stability and rock blasting design. This study aims at establishing the empirical models of uniaxial compressive strength fits on rebound hammer number that can be used to predict uniaxial compressive strength of granitic rock at Lugoba Quarry. Data for direct uniaxial compressive strength were obtained from uniaxial compressive strength test carried out on …


Prediction Of Four-Days Soaked California Bearing Ratio (Cbr) Values From Soil Index Properties, Pascal Ambrose, Siya P. Rimoy Dr Jul 2021

Prediction Of Four-Days Soaked California Bearing Ratio (Cbr) Values From Soil Index Properties, Pascal Ambrose, Siya P. Rimoy Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

California Bearing Ratio (CBR) laboratory testing is the conventional method for determining soaked strengths of pavement subgrades. The test requires careful preparation of soil samples followed by four days of water soaking before penetrating the samples using a standard plunger at prescribed rates to set depths. When the number of samples becomes large the determination of soaked CBR values becomes cumbersome as the test is laborious and time consuming. This study aimed at establishing an alternative way of determining soaked CBR by developing a model that would be used for estimating soaked CBR of fine- and coarse- grained soils without …


The Correlation Between Poverty, Water Quality, Community Health, And Education In Guatemala And Tanzania, Jessica R. Besnier May 2021

The Correlation Between Poverty, Water Quality, Community Health, And Education In Guatemala And Tanzania, Jessica R. Besnier

Senior Honors Projects, 2020-current

This paper explores the relationship between poverty, water quality, community health, and education in Tanzania and Guatemala. These metrics will allow for a thorough analysis of the relationships between the countries and will determine their impact on the other aspects in these two countries. While Guatemala and Tanzania are very different countries, they share many things in common such as inequalities among different groups, having many different groups of indigenous people, having most people living in rural areas, and are located on a coast. Also, they share similarities regarding poverty, water quality, community health, and education. By looking into these …


Effect Of Sludge Content On Different Types Of Food Waste Degradation In Anaerobic Digester, Mumtahina Binte Latif May 2021

Effect Of Sludge Content On Different Types Of Food Waste Degradation In Anaerobic Digester, Mumtahina Binte Latif

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Food waste (FW) is the second-largest component in landfills which impacts environments adversely by generating excessive leachate and greenhouse gas. Generally, conventional anaerobic digester and composting can be used for FW disposal. However, the former is highly expensive while the latter is energy inefficient. In contrast, household or community level underground anaerobic digester offers a cost-efficient solution as well as retrieves valuable energy from FW. The addition of nutrients such as sludge to organic waste especially FW accelerates the production of energy by limiting volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. The objective of the current study is to find out the …


Direct Predictive Speed Control Of Salient Pmsm Drives In Constant Torque And Constant Power Regimes For Electric Vehicles Applications, Francis Mwasilu Dec 2020

Direct Predictive Speed Control Of Salient Pmsm Drives In Constant Torque And Constant Power Regimes For Electric Vehicles Applications, Francis Mwasilu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A direct speed control of salient permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives in constant torque and constant power regimes for electric vehicles applications is presented. The proposed speed control scheme is derived from model predictive control approach where both rotor speed and stator current are formulated in a single objective function that is periodically computed to attain the PMSM drive optimum switching states. The dynamic model of the PMSM intrinsically encompasses the unknown disturbance, which should be rejected for high-performance speed control especially in transient conditions. Consequently, the extended modified augmented state Kalman filter (ASKF) is incorporated in the proposed …


Assessment Of The Performance Of Grinding Circuit For Buzwagi Gold Mine, Alphonce Wikedzi Dec 2020

Assessment Of The Performance Of Grinding Circuit For Buzwagi Gold Mine, Alphonce Wikedzi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

It had been reported by the management of Buzwagi Gold Mine (BGM) that grinding circuit was designed to produce final product size of 125 μm, which had not been achieved for a long period of time under both, low to normal (i.e. 450-600 t/h) and high (i.e. > 650 t/h) throughputs. Also, the performance behaviour of the circuit had not been reviewed after long time of operation. Hence, an evaluation study was conducted in order to recommend improvement in mine operations. The study was realized through three circuit survey campaigns and laboratory experimentations. From the surveys, size distributions and solids contents …


Comminution Characteristics Of Lithium Bearing Mica Ores From Different Devices, Alphonce Wikedzi Jun 2020

Comminution Characteristics Of Lithium Bearing Mica Ores From Different Devices, Alphonce Wikedzi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper highlights on the comminution and to the lesser extent liberation properties of two greisen-type lithium bearing-mica ores (L1, L2) subjected to different breakage devices; cone crusher (CC), roller crusher (RC), rotor beater mill (RBM) and a screen mill (SM). The particle size distributions (PSD) of the products from each device were evaluated to search for an appropriate PSD model using Gates-Gaudin-Schuhmann (GGS) and Rosin-Rammler (RR) functions. To determine an appropriate function, coefficients of determination (R2) were used as a criterion. Due to budget constraint, only products from rotor beater mill (RBM) were examined for mineral liberation by an …


Estimating Flood Magnitudes Of Ungauged Urban Msimbazi River Catchment In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Patrick Valimba Dr Jun 2020

Estimating Flood Magnitudes Of Ungauged Urban Msimbazi River Catchment In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Patrick Valimba Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

More often daily climate data have been used in hydrological models to estimate flood flows in small data scarce urban and rural catchments where flow peaking and recession are quick within short periods of few hours. This study assesses magnitudes of error of using daily climate data to simulate flood flow hydrographs of a small urban river catchment, Msimbazi River. Spot discharge measurements were available for Apr-May 2014 and Mar May 2015 periods.10-minutes climate records were available at one station, daily temperatures at two stations while daily rainfall records at several stations within the catchment. Visual analysis characterise rainfall events …


Methodology For Quantifying Resiliency Of Transportation Systems, Hannah Rose Russell Jan 2020

Methodology For Quantifying Resiliency Of Transportation Systems, Hannah Rose Russell

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The National Science Foundation’s definition of resiliency is “the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, or more successfully adapt to actual or potential adverse events” (National Science Foundation, 2016). While this definition is informative and useful, it lacks a quantitative reference. There is a need for a method of quantifying resilience to better plan and prepare for system wide disruptions. The research effort described herein provides a quantifiable measures of system resiliency, consistent with NSF’s definition. Fundamentally, a system disruption can be partitioned into five distinctive states: the stable pre-event state, the absorption state, the disrupted state, …


Land Use/Cover Change And Their Impacts On Streamflow In Kikuletwa Catchment Of Pangani River Basin, Tanzania, Upendo Msovu Dec 2019

Land Use/Cover Change And Their Impacts On Streamflow In Kikuletwa Catchment Of Pangani River Basin, Tanzania, Upendo Msovu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Streamflow perturbation is highly prevalent in Kikuletwa catchment. However, little is known concerning land use/cover change (LULCC) with regard to streamflow perturbation in the catchment. This study aims to detect the historical and predict future LULCC and assess their impacts on streamflow amounts using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Supervised classification of Landsat imagery data for 1985, 2000 and 2015 years was done in ERDAS 14 Imagine software. Future prediction of LULCC was done using Module for Land Use Change Evaluation (MOLUSCE) tool, a QGIS plug-in. An accuracy ranging from 79% to 82% was obtained for all …


The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1 Dec 2019

The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Worldwide, every day human beings generate millions of tons of Faecal Sludge (FS), which is rich in water, nutrients, energy, and organic compounds. Yet FS is not being managed in a way that permits us to derive value from its reuse, while at the same time, millions of farmers struggle with depleted soils and lack of water. In most of the developing countries, energy for cooking is mainly derived from cutting of trees, either as wood or charcoal. Resource recovery and reuse from FS can create livelihoods, enhance food security, support green economies, reduce waste and contribute to cost recovery …


Prediction Of Haul Units’ Requirements For The Open Pit Mines Operating Towards Closure, Bartłomiej Skawina Dec 2019

Prediction Of Haul Units’ Requirements For The Open Pit Mines Operating Towards Closure, Bartłomiej Skawina

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The determination of haul units is one of the important steps in the equipment selection process. The process should aim at minimizing the operational costs and create an optimal match for the haulage system. When open pit mines operating towards closure, reducing the operational costs results in significant gaining, and the savings can be used to implement some of the closure plans. In this paper, the prediction of haul units for an open pit mine which operates towards the final pit limit was analysed using discrete event simulation and multiple linear regressions. The result shows that the changes in production …


Practical Approach For Removal Of Natural Organic Matter And Defluoridation Of Maji Ya Chai River Water: Use Of Acid Pre-Treated Bone Char And Coagulants, Godfrey Mbabaye Dec 2019

Practical Approach For Removal Of Natural Organic Matter And Defluoridation Of Maji Ya Chai River Water: Use Of Acid Pre-Treated Bone Char And Coagulants, Godfrey Mbabaye

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The removal of natural organic matter (NOM) and fluoride from Maji ya Chai River water (MCRW) using bone char (BC) and coagulants was investigated. Fine BC particles ranging from 0.045 to 0.2 mm were used in a 1 litre half-filled container, stirred at 300 rpm for 60 min followed by addition of a commercial coagulant and allowed to settle for 24 hours to remove NOM. MCRW practicable and affordable defluoridation method for removal of NOM through defluoridation with BC pre-treated with 0.3 N HCl followed by coagulation with Poly-aluminium chloride (PACl) is proposed. Reduction of fluoride from 21 mg/L to …


Reviewing The Potential And Constraints Of Modified Technology Options For Faecal Sludge Management In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amour Seleman Dec 2019

Reviewing The Potential And Constraints Of Modified Technology Options For Faecal Sludge Management In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amour Seleman

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Cities in the developing world face the challenge of safe management of faecal sludge because of rapid population growth that overwhelms the sanitation infrastructure and services. In developing countries, only 50% of faecal sludge (FS) generated is safely managed the remaining portion is haphazardly disposed of in the environment risking public health and environment. In response to the urgent need for safely managed sanitation services, technological options for containment, desludging and transportation of FS are being modified. This paper reviewed current desludging practices and the potential of modified technological options for addressing FSM at containment, desludging, and transportation in Dar …


Cal Poly Construction Management Student’S Main Determinants For Potential Employment Opportunities: A Guide For Employers, David Joseph Van Buskirk Ii Dec 2019

Cal Poly Construction Management Student’S Main Determinants For Potential Employment Opportunities: A Guide For Employers, David Joseph Van Buskirk Ii

Construction Management

California Polytechnic State University’s Construction Management department has an excellent reputation. This reputation, boosted by a 100% placement rate, attracts an abundant number of recruiters, a number that continues to grow every year. With the large number of recruiters coming to campus, students often find themselves in the fortunate situation of having multiple offers and having the opportunity to select amongst various companies. To be competitive, employers would best serve to cater their recruitment process to suit the needs of the students they are trying to hire. While plenty of research has been conducted to investigate and determine how recruiters …


Influence Of Tempering And Cryogenic Treatment On Retained Austenite And Residual Stresses In Carbonitrided 18crnimo7-6 Low Alloy Steel, Richard Katemi Jun 2019

Influence Of Tempering And Cryogenic Treatment On Retained Austenite And Residual Stresses In Carbonitrided 18crnimo7-6 Low Alloy Steel, Richard Katemi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This work investigated the influence of tempering conditions coupled with cryogenic treatment on thermal stabilization of retained austenite and residual stress distributions in carbonitrided 18CrNiMo76 low alloy steel samples. The carbonitriding conditions were set to enable attaining surface carbon and nitrogen content of 0.87 and 0.34 mass.-percent respectively. After carbonitriding, some of the samples were subjected to varying tempering conditions followed by cryogenic treatment at-120 °C using nitrogen gas. Analysis of both retained austenite and residual stresses was conducted using X-ray diffraction. In the as-quenched state, carbonitrided samples contained 52 mass.-percent. Samples that were directly subjected to the cryogenic treatment …


Development Of Improved Characteristic Equations For Lake Rukwa In Tanzania, Patrick Valimba Dr Jun 2019

Development Of Improved Characteristic Equations For Lake Rukwa In Tanzania, Patrick Valimba Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Often Lake Rukwa characteristics have been misreported in literature giving different volumes and surface areas at similar water surface elevations. This study aimed at establishing reliable lake characteristics elevation-area-storage equations for Lake Rukwa by utilising all available data and information to define the bathymetry and derive characteristic equations. A procedure was developed that combines historical lake extents, spot heights from topographical maps and surveyed lake bathymetry to define refined bathymetry to levels it has never reached. It combined spot heights around the lake and selected 13,934 surveyed points (from 107,938 available) within the lake confined by the 820 m land …


Potential Use Of High Rate Algae Ponds For Resource Recovery In The Water-Food-Energy Nexus For Tanzania: A Review, Mary Kayombo Jun 2019

Potential Use Of High Rate Algae Ponds For Resource Recovery In The Water-Food-Energy Nexus For Tanzania: A Review, Mary Kayombo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The use of High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAPs) for the treatment of wastewater and resource recovery has raised interest in recent years. Treatment of wastewater through this technology has proved to have high efficiency in reducing the level of pollution, nutrients, dissolved solids as well as pathogens. HRAPs are more efficient than conventional Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (WSPs) due to their design approach that provides room for high rate bio-chemical processes, which increase the mechanisms of nutrients and pathogens removal as well as the rate of micro-algae production for purposes of resource recovery. This paper reviews the upgrading potential of existing …