Digital Commons Network^™

Research On Increased Winter Orographic Precipitation By Cloud Seeding (Fy 1980), Geoffrey E. Hill

Reports

This research continues the development of new instrumentation relevant to the advancement of cloud seeding technology and the analysis of data collected to better understand cloud seeding potential in winter orographic clouds. Instrumentation development included the state of construction of a NOAA type dual frequency radiometer for the continuous measurement of supercooled liquid water and the completion of an expendable balloon-borne system for measuring vertical profiles of supercooled liquid water. The analysis of data collected on the project was directed primarily at the interpretation of the vertical profiles of supercooled liquid water and vertical motion. Results indicate that sharp vertical …

Preliminary Study Of The Northern Utah Hail Suppression Project, Geoffrey E. Hill

Reports

This study represents an examination of the possibilities for evaluating the northern Utah summertime rain-enhancement hail-suppression project. This study is

Principles Of Lake Quality Management, D. B. Porcella

Reports

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties On Infiltration From Circular Surface Areas, Abdolhossien Nassehzadeh-Tabrizi, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The effects and interactive effects on infiltration of parameters in the Brooks-Corey equation for defining the hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils are investigated by analyzing the results of numerical solutions of the unsaturated flow characteristics resulting from water applied on a circular surface area. The soil parameters are allowed to vary continuously as a function of depth. The parameters that have been allowed to vary separately and in pairs are: (1) The pore size distribution exponent, (2) Pb- The bubbling pressure, (3) Sr- The residual saturation, (4) n- The soil porosity and (5) Ko- The saturated hydraulic conductivity. The conclusions …

Development Of Procedures To Evaluate Salinity Management Strategies In Irrigation Return Flows, V. A. Narasimhan, A. Leon Huber, J. Paul Riley, J. J. Jurinak

Reports

The salinity added irrigation return flows is a major problem in rivers draining agricultural lands throughout the arid regions of the world, and many irrigation water management alternatives have been proposed for reducing downstream salinity problems. The merits of these alternatives, however, can only be judged from reliable information on their actual effects on the salinity in rivers receiving the drainage water and the water withdrawn from the river by downstream users. Hydrosalinity models are widely used to estimate these effects to guide the selection of a policy on management of irrigation return flows. The purpose of this research was …

Alteration Of Microbial Populations In Surface Mine Revegetation And Their Effects On Nitrogen Cycling, Margaret Mary Mccarthy

Reports

Surface mining in the arid west results in soil disruption by alterning structure, water-holding capacity and nutrient availability. Intensive revegetation efforts may end in marginal rehabilitation due to adverse chamical and physical properties of the distrubed soil. Monitoring microbial activitiy and soil chemistry of revegetated and undisturbed areas of a surface mine in Southeastern Montana enabled delineation of major factors participating in soil fertility were determined. In the undisturbed site, the upper few centimeters of the soil profile contained most of the nutrients and the microbial populations. In the revegetated sites, due to mixing of various soil horizons, the concentration …

Water Demand At Recreation Developments, Simon Lam, Trevor C. Hughes

Reports

Design criteria for drinking water systems at recreation developments, particularly summer home type, cause frequent confrontations with regulatory agencies. Developers claim extremely low water use rates due to low occupancy rates, but regulatory agencies are concerned about changes over time from essentially weekend use to more permanent residency and also about occasional peak day water demands similar to those of municipal systems. Little empirical data have been available to resolve such questions. This study included the gathering and analysis of both historic water use measurements and additional daily and instantaneous measurements during peak seasons at 11 Utah and one Wyoming …

Groundwater Heat Pump Equipment Selection Procedures For Architects, Designers, And Contractors, Calvin G. Clyde, Edward W. Vendell, Kirk D. Hagen

Reports

Engineers at the Utah Water Research Laboratory and the Mechanical Engineering Department at Utah State University have investigated the use of groundwater heat pumps for residential space heating and cooling in the Utah climate. They have found that this type of system conserves energy and may cost less for Utah home owners to operate than many conventional heating and cooling systems. Since the use of groundwater heat pumps will probably become more widespread in the near future, building and heating contractors should become more informed about what a groundwater heat pump is and how it works. The purpse of this …

Utah Surface Impoundment Assessment Report, Mary L. Cleave, V. Dean Adams, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

Executive Summary: The Surface Impoundment Assessment process presented an organized consistent systme for evaluating potential threats to groundwater resources from surface impoundments of wastes. This assessment established a data base which locates wastes surface impoundments in Utah and assesses the majority of these impoundments with this prescribed system (Appendix F). This data base may be used to identify surface impoundments in Utah which may create problems with regard to groundwater contamination. Data Summary: The potential hazards of the surface impoundments assessed to groundwater is based on two values established during the assessment procedure. These values are identified as the pollution …

Design Of A Cost Effective Solar Powered Water Pump, Duane G. Chadwick

Reports

The design and performance of a vacuum lift, solar powered water pump is discussed. The basic design consists of an expanding gaseous piston confined inside a chamber which is located in series with, and between an inlet and an outlet check value. The gas is generated by volatilizing cyclopentane or hexane. Four variations of this basic design concept were built and evaluated. The various features of each are discussed. Considerations in the choice of a cost-effective solar collector are also reviewed. Several of the more promising types of solar collectors were built and evaluated for use on the pump. A …

Use Of Extreme Value Theory In Estimating Flood Peaks From Mixed Populations, Ronand V. Canfield, D. R. Olsen, R. H. Hawkins, T. L. Chen

Reports

The flood magnitude for a given frequency or return period is estimated by fitting a probability distribution to the historical annual flood series. The log-Pearson type III distribution has been selected by the Water Resources Council for general use by the federal government, but practitioners should examine an annual flood series and use alternative distributions where they will produce better estimates. Empirical goodness of fit is one criterion for choosing a distribution, but the reasonableness of the assumptions theoretically associated with the form of the distribution should also be considered. In theory, extreme-value distributions are particularly applicable to flow series …

Vulnerability Of Water Supply Systems To Droughts, David S. Bowles, Trevor C. Hughes, W. Robert James, Donald T. Jensen, Frank W. Haws

Reports

This summary completion report describes the project work completed in three areas: 1) the development and preliminary testing of drought severity and vulnerability indices, 2) the impacts of Utah's 1977 drought, and 3) an operation comparison of stochastic streamflow models. The drought indices were evaluated for three municipal and three irrigation water supply systems in Utah. It was concluded that a continuous loss function to define the effects of water shortage would be more appropriate than the existing assumption that drought-related lossed occur suddenly at a certain degree of water shortage. Information on the impacts of Utah's 1977 drought was …

Feasibility Study Of Establishing A Water Rights Banking/Brokering Service In Utah, Jay M. Bagley, Kirk R. Kimball, Lee Kapaloski

Reports

Changes in water use patterns are an inevitable consequence of relentless social transformations taking place. Especially where waters have been fully appropriated, the needs of a dynamic society must be met through transfers in water ownership. Yet, there are a variety of factors that may operate as impediments to the shifting of water according to social preferences as expressed through water markets. As a mechanism for facilitating water transfers, exchagnes, or rentals, the concept of "water banking" and "water brokering" may be fruitful. This repot appraises the potential for initiating and operating such a service within the legal, institutional, and …

Weather Modification By Cloud Seeding, Arnett S. Dennis

Reports

It is an understatement to say that people are confused about cloud seeding. While it has been called "the crime of the century" and outlawed in Pennsylvania, the governments of the dry, western part of the United States continue to spend tax revenues on cloud seeding to increase water supplies. During the past five years, I have talked with officials responsible for decisions regarding cloud seeding programs in about 15 states of the U.S.A., in a dozen other countries, and in the World Meteorological Organization. Some of the officials involved are experts in atmospheric physics, but most are not. Members …

User Manual For The Probabilistic Stream Simulation And Assessment Model (Pssam), Brad A. Finney, David S. Bowles, Michael P. Windham

Reports

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Mutagenicity Testing Of Extracts From Processed Oil Shale, Judith G. Dickson, V. Dean Adams

Reports

The Ames/

Program For New Observatory Facility For Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, Byu Department Of Physics And Astronomy

BYU West Mountain Observatory Project

No abstract provided.

Adsorption Capabilities Of Adsorbents For Selected Toxic Air Pollutants, Richard Michael Vaccaro

Theses

The relative adsorption capacities of seven toxic, volatile organic air pollutants of either proven or suspected carcinogenic potential were tested on various adsorbents. Tests were run at flow velocities similar to those set in field sampling. This allows for extrapolation of test results to actual ambient air sampling systems. Experimentation was performed using a gas chromatograph (G.C.) equipped with a flame ionization detector. Sample introduction was carried out using the "displacement method" where the sample is introduced to the adsorbent cartridge as a plug.

Incipient elution volumes (V_N), normalized for bulk adsorbent packing volume, were obtained at various …

Truck Design And Usage And Highway Pavement Performance, Robert C. Deen, Herbert F. Southgate

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

When the term highway pavement is used, most people think of the moderate to thick systems on which their vehicles travel on intermediate- or high-type roadways. These pavement systems are typically constructed of bituminous concrete or portland cement concrete. This is not to say that low-volume roads do not have a pavement system; however, in case of low-volume roads, the pavement system usually consists of unbound aggregates, sod, soil materials, or at the most very thin or moderate applications of a binding material. It is the high-type pavement systems to which the comments in this paper will be addressed specifically. …

The Feasibility Of Change-Of-Use Of Selected State Administered Lands In Utah, Eugene K. Israelsen, Lynn H. Davis

Reports

Many acres of the state come under the jurisdiction of the State Government and are managed by the appropriate department of state government. The Division of State Lands, Department of Natural Resources of the State of Utah is responsible for the management of much of the state owned land. The Division of State Lands leases the lands to various users. Revenues from the leases are used for the support of state administered program such as education. The Division of State Lands desires to manage these lands as efficiently as possible and maximize the rents and thus increase the revenues available …

Water And Land Use Planning For Some State Lands Near Moab, Utah, Eugene K. Israelsen, Lynn H. Davis

Reports

In an attempt to apply better management principles to the control of state lands, the Division of State Lands asked for the study of two questions concerning state administered lands near Moab, Utah. The first question deals with the Moab and Spanish Valleys while the second question applies to Castle Valley some 10 miles northeast of Moab. The Mill Creek Development Project is proposed to provide additional water for agriculture and M & I use in the Moab and Spanish Valleys. The question for consideration is, "How much water from the Mill Creek Development Project Reservoir should the Division of …

The Economics Of Solar Water Heaters : A Guide For Evaluating The Cost-Effectiveness Of Active Solar Water Heating Systems In Maine, Maine Office Of Energy Resources

Maine Collection

The Economics of Solar Water Heaters : A Guide for Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Active Solar Water Heating Systems in Maine

State of Maine, Executive Department, Office of Energy Resources,

Augusta, Maine (July, 1979).

Contents: Section I: Introduction / Section II: Economic Method: The Life Cycle Cost Analysis / Section III: Factors Affecting the Decision to Buy / Section IV: Explanation of the Tables / Table I - Table IIIA

A Technical Focus For Documenting The Effectiveness Of The Cooperative Owrt-Institute Water Resources Research Program, L. Douglas James

Reports

For years, the cooperative water resources research program of the Office of Water Research and Technology and the water resources research institutes in the respective states has been experiencing considerable difficulty in generating agency, congressional, and user support of a sort that attracts sufficient funding to maintain a dynamic research program. Efforts to increase support have included recruiting greater interaction with research user groups, expansion of the technology transfer program, cultivation of interaction of center directors and research users with congress, shifting requests for added funding within the research program from the allotment funding given the respective states to matching …

Fatigue Damage Of Flexible Pavements Under Heavy Loads, James H. Havens, Herbert F. Southgate, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A modified Chevron N-Layer computer program has the capability of calculating the "work" done by the total load on a given load group. Earlier analyses of AASHO Road Test sections and test vehicles had permitted the development of damage factor relationships. This paper presents seven, namely two-tire and four-tire single axles, tandems, triaxles, and four-axle, five-axle, and six-axle groups. The two-tire axle (front or steering axle) has the most severe damage relationship. The 80-kN (18-kip) four-tire single axle was used as the reference axle and was assigned a damage factor of 1.0 for a specific amount of "work". Other axle …

Use Of Economic Analyses And Dynamic Programming In The Selection Of Projects For Resurfacing, Charles V. Zegeer, Kenneth R. Agent, Rolands L. Rizenbergs

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The objective of this study was to develop a dynamic programming procedure using economic analyses to assist in optimizing expenditures in the pavement resurfacing program in Kentucky. Benefit relationships were determined from expected accident reduction, improved comfort, time savings, fuel savings, and maintenance savings. The only cost input to the program was the resurfacing cost of each project.

Dynamic programming was adapted to the selection of projects for resurfacing. Over $8.4 million of additional user benefits would have been realized in 1976 if dynamic programming had been used in selecting projects. The benefit-cost ratio of sections selected for resurfacing was …

Lake Mead And Lake Powell Salinity Reports, Cathy Lee, Steve Gazafy

Publications (WR)

The enclosed reports were compiled for the Colorado River Water Quality Office based on salinity data for Lake Mead and Lake Powell. According to the regional director of the office, the reports are not considered "polished" documents for public distribution. However, he considers them to be "interesting, rough appraisals of general trends that may be very important In our understanding the hydro-salinity system in the Colorado River."

Load And Resistance Factor Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Study Of Design Formats And Safety Index Combined With Calibration Of The Aisi Formulas For Cold Work And Effective Design Width, Trinh-Ngoc Rang, Wei-Wen Yu, Theodore V. Galambos

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

INTRODUCTION In the design of steel buildings, the "Allowable Stress Criteria" have long been used for the design of cold-formed steel structural members in the United States (1), Canada (2) and other countries (3). Even though the theoretical concepts of risk and reliability analyses have been available for some time (8-10) and the slgnlflcance of such concepts in structural safety and design is well recognized, the probabilistic method has not been explicitly adopted as a basis for the American design standard for steel structures. In view of the fact that the mathematical theory of probability, which has been so successfully …

Woodruff Narrows: Low Head Hydroelectric Power Plant Feasibility Determination, State Of Utah - Division Of Water Resources International Engineering Company, Inc.

Reports

Chapter 1 - Summary:

A Resource Survey Of Hydroelectric Power Potential In Utah And Southeast Idaho, Calvin G. Clyde, Eugene K. Israelsen, Win-Kai Liu

Reports

N searching for alternative sources of energy to supply growing demands, it is essential that renewable sources by thoroughly considered. An essential early step in further hydroelectric power development is to understand in detail the amount and location of the resource. This survey of hydroelectric power potential covers the entire State of Utah, the Bear River Basin in Idaho and Wyoming, and the small part of the Snake River drainage lying in the Utah Power and Light Company service area in Idaho. Streams were covered initially if their flow was estimated to exceed 36 cfs 50 percent of the time. …

The Effect Of Laboratory Compaction On The Compressibility Of Compacted Highly Plastic Clay : Interim Report, Albert Dibernardo, C. W. Lovell

JTRP Technical Reports

No abstract provided.