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Lyotropic Liquid Crystals From Lecithin, Water, And Polyethylene Glycol, Magda El Nokaly, Stig Friberg, David W. Larsen

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Lyotropic liquid crystals with lecithin as the amphiphile and with water/polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions as the solvent were prepared with polyethylene glycol/water ratios from 182 to 0. The liquid crystals were lamellar and the interlayer spacing was independent of the solvent content for water/PEG ratios ≤1 but increased strongly with the water/PEG ratio. Higher ratios gave increased interlayer spacing with solvent content similar to the variation for liquid crystals with water as solvent but the absolute values of the spacing were higher. © 1984 Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.

Single Compound Forming A Lyotropic Liquid Crystal At Room Temperature, Stig Friberg, Paul Liang, Frances E. Lockwood, Maher Tadros

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The compound triethanolammonium oleate forms a lamellar liquid crystal at room temperature. The basis for the lyotropic mesomorphism is the fact that part of the triethanolammonium oleate has changed to triethanolamine and oleic acid. These two compounds serve as solvents in the liquid crystalline structure. © 1984 American Chemical Society.

The Synthesis Of Various Substituted 3-Amino-7-Hydroxy-2,2-Dimethyltetralins And Their Opioid-Related Activities, David Alan Lippman

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

A series of aminotetralones and aminotetralins were synthesized from the common intermediate F, 3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-7-methoxy- 1-tetralone. The final compounds derived from F were simple substituted and/or reduced analogues. The products would allow a progressive structure activity relationship to be drawn based on pharmacological testing.

The common intermediate F was synthesized utilizing a six step procedure starting with p-methoxyphenylacetic acid. The overall yield from the precursor to the F:HC1 was 25%. Compound F was either O-demethylated to form 3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-l-tetralone (I) or was dimethylated on the amine and subsequently O-demethylated to yield the 3-dimethylamino-7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-l-tetralone (J). The last major modification was the reduction of …

An Attempted Preparation Of Cis- And Trans- Chlorobis(Ethylenediamine)Iodochromium(Iii) Salts, Bai-Hao Chen

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

An investigation of the preparation of cis- and trans chlorobis(ethylenediamine)iodochromium(III) salts by the thermal decomposition of cisaquachlorobis(ethylenediamine)chromium(IlI) iodide 1-hydrate was made. The trans-isomer was precipitated from a filtered aqueous solution of the crude product by the addition of sodium perchlorate. The cis-isomer was separated from the residue of the preparation of the transisomer by cation-exchange chromatograohy. Elemental analyses showed that the two products were not pure cisand trans-chlorobis(ethylenediamine)iodochromium(III) complexes. From the halide to chromium ratios it was proposed that the trans-isomer was contaminated by transdichlornbis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III) perchlorate and the cis-isomer was contaminated by cisbis(ethylenediamine)diiodochromium(III) cation.

Mass Spectrometric Studies Of Oxygen Isotope Exchange Reactions With Oxide Surfaces, Gayle J. Allen

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Isotopic exchange reactions with the surface of amorphous silica and crystalline quartz were studied mass spectrometrically. A mixture of approximately 2%18_o2 in neon was used as the test gas, and was passed over the surface of the oxides. Measurements were taken as a function of temperature and residence time, for kinetic studies.

These studies clearly show a second order rate law for the surfaces examined. The rate constant on amorphous silica was 2.2xl0²L/mol/sec. The energy of activation was 35.3 kcal/mol and the frequency factor was l.35xl0⁹L/mol/sec. On the crystalline quartz the rate constant was 2.0xl0 …

Protein Synthesis In Rabbit Reticulocytes: A Study Of The Mechanism Of Action Of The Protein Factor Rf That Reverses Protein Synthesis Inhibition In Heme-Deficient Reticulocyte Lysates, M. Grace, M. Bagchi, F. Ahmad, T. Yeager, C. Olson, I. Chakravarty, N. Nasrin, A. Banerjee, N. K. Gupta

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

A eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-ancillary protein factor Co-eIF-2 promotes displacement of GDP from eIF-2GDP and facilitates ternary complex (Met-tRNA_f• eIF-2-GTP) formation in the presence of Mg²⁺. Heme-regulated protein synthesis inhibitor, HRI, phosphorylates the α-subunit of eIF-2 and thus inhibits ternary complex formation as Co-eIF•2 does not displace GDP from eIF-2α(P)•GDP. RF, a high molecular weight cell supernatant factor, reverses protein synthesis inhibition in heme-deficient reticulocyte lysates and also reverses HRI inhibition of ternary complex formation. RF contains Co-eIF•2 activity. In addition, an active RF preparation contains excess α-subunit of eIF-2 in the free and unphosphorylated …

Some Plant Leaves Have Orientation-Dependent Epr And Nmr Spectra, Douglas C. Mccain, Ted C. Selig, University Of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign, John L. Markey

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectra of leaves from 50 plant species were obtained at a spectrometer frequency of 470 MHz. Water present in leaf samples gives rise to characteristic spectral patterns. Most species show only one broad ¹H NMR peak; however, the leaves of some plants display complex, orientation-dependent spectra in which a common three-line pattern is discerned. The pattern varies with the angle between the leaf surface and the external magnetic field. Proton relaxation measurements show the presence of at least two water compartments in the leaves. The compartments are responsible for different components …

The Structure Of 1-Tert-Butyl-2,2,3,4,4-Pentamethylphosphetane 1-Oxide, C12H25Op, J. A. Campbell, C. N. Caughlan, A. Fitzgerald, C. Campana, Sheldon E. Cremer

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

13C Nmr Investigation Of Nonenzymatic Glucosylation Of Protein, Carolyn I. Neglia, Helga J. Cohen, Albert R. Garber, Paul D. Ellis, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes

Faculty Publications

Nonenzymatic glucosylation of protein is initiated by the reversible condensation of glucose in its open chain form with the amino groups on the protein. The initial product is an aldimine (Schiff base) which cyclizes to the glycosylamine derivative. The aldimine can undergo a slow Amadori rearrangement to yield the relatively stable ketoamine adduct which is structurally analogous to fructose. 13C NMR has been used to characterize these early products of nonenzymatic glucosylation, using RNase A as a model protein. C-1 of the beta-pyranose anomer of the glycosylamine was identified at 88.8 ppm in the spectrum of RNase glucosylated approximately 1:1 …

Plasma Polymerization Of Tetramethyldisiloxane By A Magnetron Glow Discharge, Ashok K. Sharma, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Plasma polymerization of tetramethyldisiloxane by a magnetron glow discharge was studied. The glow discharge was created between parallel electrodes with a 10 kHz electric power source with a superimposed magnetic field using permanent bar magnets. Polymers were deposited onto moving substrates placed on the surface of a rotating disc located in between the electrodes. The deposition rates were determined with a quartz crystal thickness monitor placed on the plane of the rotating disc and just outside the edge of the disc. The current-voltage relationship observed for plasma polymerization of the monomer depends on the monomer feed rate and the conditioning …

Cationic And Anionic Micellar Catalyzed Hydrolysis Of Hydroxamic Acids, Douglas Eugene Conran

Masters Theses

The hydrolysis of octanohydroxamic and N-methyloctanohydroxamic acids in the presence of cationic and anionic micelles was investigated. Rate constants were determined for the hydrolyses in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab), the cationic surfactant, with 0.1111 N NaOH and in sodium 1-dodecanesulfonate, the anionic surfactant, with 0.09270 N HC1 at 50.01 + 0.11°C. The acid hydrolysis and the base hydrolysis of N-methyloctanobydroxamic acid followed the standard model for micellar catalysis.

The Qualog User’S Manual (Preliminary Version), Anne Shelly, Ernest Sibert

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

In qualitative research, data analysis is the stage of organizing, interpreting, synthesizing, conceptualizing, and reporting information collected over a period of time and by various means. The researcher organizes the information into “manageable units”, searches for recurring topics and patterns of words or phrases, decides on a focus, and refines the thesis or theme so that it accounts for supporting and negative evidence (Bogdan and Biklen, 1982). The major tasks of data analysis include organizing the data, developing categories around patterns or recurring pieces of information, discovering and testing the strength of relationships among categories, and developing a theme or …

Part I: The Synthesis Of New Potential Insecticides. Part Ii: New Aromatic Nucleophililic Subsitution Reactions, Fluoroalkoxylation And N,N-Dimethylamination, Cesar Colon

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A series of routes are described for the synthesis of new potential insecticides which are symmetrical or asymmetrical similogs of 2,5-Bis (dichloropheny1)-1,3,4-oxadiazole and its precursor diacyl hydrazine. Also two new aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions are discussed. Activated aryl halides are reacted with fluorinated alkoxide anions. In all cases, substitution of the halogen by a fluoroalkoxy group was observed, and activated aryl halides are reacted with HMPA as an N, N-dimethyl aminating agent. In all cases, substitution of the halogen by a dimethyl amino group was observed. The effect of the activating group and the leaving group is described and a …

The Synthesis Of Potential Insecticides: Haloalkoxy Phenyl Diacylydrazines And 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles, Kathleen S. Gibbs-Rein

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The syntheses of two classes pf compounds, diacylhydrazines and 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, intended for subsequent investigation of pesticidal activity are discussed. The experimental conditions and procedures necessary for the preparation of these potential insecticides are also revealed. Finally, spectral data are interpreted and explained, and recommendations for further research are given.

Synthesis Of Potential Agrochemicals And Reactions Of Vinamidinium And Azavinamidinium Salts With Organometallic/Borane Reagents And Activated Nitrales, Charles N. Moorefield

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This report discusses research which was conducted in two areas: the synthesis of potential agrochemicals and the study of vinamidinium and azavinamidinium salt chemistry. Four classes of compounds were synthesized and characterized in the study of new potential agrochemicals. These compounds include diacylhydrazines, semicarbazides, 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and bis-2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. The reaction of [3-(dimethylamino)-2-azaprop-2-en-1-ylidene] dimethylammonium chloride (Gold's reagent) with organometallic/borane reagents was examined in efforts to find convenient syntheses for N,N-dimethylamino substituted alkyl and aryl compounds. Additionally, the reaction of 1,5-diazapentadienium chloride (Nair's reagent) with nitrile activated alkanes was examined to find a convenient synthesis of 3-substituted pyridines. Subsequent intramolecular ring closure of …

Solvents For Use In The Extractive Distillation Of Piperylene Concentrate, Abdulhadi Sagga

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This report describes an evaluation of the effectiveness of different solvents and solvent-organometallic compound mixtures for use in the extractive distillation of a piperylene mixture, consisting of five carbon olefins and diolefins obtained as a byproduct from an ethylene feedstock production plant. The most effective solvent is judged to be the one which gives the best separation of the lowest boiling and highest boiling points of the key components in the mixture. In this study twenty solvents and solvent mixtures were tested. Acetonitrile was found to be the most effective solvent and nitromethane the next most effective.

Determination Of N,N'-Diphenylguanidine In Biological Tissues And Fluids Using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Edward Sidney Hunter Iii

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

N,N'-Diphenylguanidine (DPG) is a potentially toxic compound used in the vulcanization of rubber products. Distribution of DPG in hybrid mice (C57BL/6J interbred with DAB₂) was determined following intraperitoneal injection. Urine, fecal material, whole blood and tissues were collected at various times after administration of DPG and the extracts analyzed for DPG by high pressure liquid chromatography. Recovery of DPG from spiked urine and whole blood exceed 90%, however, the recovery of DPG from spiked tissue samples was approximately 70%.

DPG concentration in whole blood reached a maximum within ten minutes and rapidly decreased through 180 minutes after administration …

Structural Changes Induced By Addition Of A Hydrocarbon To Water/Amphiphile Mixtures, H. Sagitani, Stig Friberg

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The phase conditions in a system of water, hexadecane, sodium dodecyl sulphate, and di-ethylene glycol dodecyl ether showed the W/O microemulsions to be obtained first after destabilization of a liquid crystalline phase by addition of the hexadecane. The original lamellar liquid crystalline phase was moved towards higher surfactant/cosurfactant ratios and a new phase with inverse amphiphile cylinders in a hexagonal packing appeared. © 1983 Steinkopff.

Electrical Properties Of Plasma-Polymerized Thin Organic Films, Maciej Gazicki, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The electrical properties of plasma-polymerized films are summarized and compared to those of conventional polymers. Particular attention is devoted to the dielectric relaxation, dielectric breakdown, electric conductivity and photoconductivity, and their control via control of the plasma parameters. © 1983 Plenum Publishing Corporation.

25th Rocky Mountain Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Abstracts and meeting program from the 25th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference, co-sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy and the Rocky Mountain Chromatography Discussion Group. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 14-17, 1983.

Nonenzymatic Glucosylation And Glucose-Dependent Cross-Linking Of Protein, Albert S. Eble, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes

Faculty Publications

A model system using RNase A has been established for studying the nonenzymatic glucosylation and glucose-dependent cross-linking of protein (Maillard reaction) under physiological conditions in vitro. The rate of glucosylation of RNase was first order in glucose. Glucosylation was accompanied by a comparable decrease in primary amino groups in the protein and lysine recoverable by amino acid analysis. Analysis of glucosylation reaction mixtures by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of mercaptoethanol revealed the time-dependent formation of RNase dimer and trimer. The polymerization reaction was mixed order with respect to glucose concentration, but was approximately first order with …

Analytical Pyrolysis Of Eastern Shales, Kenneth Naples

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The effects of pyrolysis interval, ceiling temperature, heating rate and mesh size on both the pyrolysis yield and relative product distribution for two eastern oil shales (Sunbury and Cleveland) were studied. An extension of the technique of analytical pyrolysis (pyrolysis-gas chromatography) was used. This extension employed a Chemical Data System (C.D.S.) Model 382 Extended Pyroprobe and a C.D.S. Model 310 Concentrator which enabled the pyrolysis products to be collected into a trap system. After completion of a predetermined heating interval, the trap was pulse heated to 250°C and the high and low volatile components were back-flushed into the injection port …

Transport Properties Of Ground State Nitrogen Atoms, James C. Rainwater, Louis Biolsi Jr., Kevin J. Biolsi, Paul M. Holland

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Transport properties of dilute monatomic gases depend on the two body atom-atom interaction potential. When two ground state (⁴S) nitrogen atoms interact, they can follow any of four potential energy curves corresponding to the N₂ molecule; the X ¹Σ⁺_g, A³Σ⁺_u, ⁵Σ⁺_g, and ⁷Σ⁺_u curves. Transport collision integrals for the ¹Σ⁺_g and ³Σ⁺_u states have been calculated by representing the potentials for these states with the Hulburt-Hirschfelder potential. The⁵Σ⁺_g state has a …

Generalized Response Of Chemiluminescence Analyzers, A. A. Mehrabzadeh, Robert J. O'Brien, Thomas M. Hard

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The mass flow and chemical kinetic equations for a gaseous chemiluminescence (CL) analyzer are formulated and solved. The resultant equation can be used to predict the absolute response of the analyzer as a function of the sample flow rate, the sample gas pressure, the chamber pressure, the chamber volume, the mass flow rate and mole fraction of the reagent gas, and the rate constants of the relevant chemical processes. Thus, the equation allows optimization of these parameters. It is shown that for varying sample pressure the analyzer can be used to measure either concentration or mole fraction and that interfering …

A Microprocessor Controlled Pulsed Hollow Cathode Lamp For An Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, James B. Schilling

Masters Theses

A Jarrell-Ash Atomic Absorption/Flame Emission 82-360 Spectrometer was interfaced to a Heathkit ETA-3400 microprocessor. The microprocessor is used to pulse the hollow cathode lamp from a "steady" current to a "peak " current during the opening of the chopper. The current from the photomultiplier-tube is converted to a proportional voltage which is supplied to a sample-and-hold circuit. A successive approximation routine is used to convert the voltage to a representative digital value. Digital values are obtained for the "blank" and "sample" and are used to calculate percent absorption values. The system can also be used to obtain emission values.

The …

The Metal In The Polarisable Interface Coupling With The Solvent Phase, Jerry Goodisman, Jean Paul Badiali, Martin Luc Rosinberg

Chemistry - All Scholarship

A quantum mechanical treatment of the conduction electrons of a metal in a polarisable interface shows that they can make an appreciable contribution to the electrical capacitance. Results for six metals are given, showing how differences in metal properties account qualitatively for experimentally observed differences in interfacial capacities, when the solvent is replaced by a dielectric film. To justify the neglect of solvent structure when metal properties are treated, the coupling between metal and solvent is discussed for orientable point solvent dipoles, and for a representation of the solvent polarisation by a pair of charged planes. The electron profile affects …

Soil Degradation Of H-Coal Liquid & Various Aromatic Compounds, Kevin Wilson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The common bacterial genera Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter are ubiquitous in most soils and are capable of degrading a large number of chemical compounds. While the degradative pathways of several individual aromatic compounds are known, the degradative pathways of many other aromatic compounds have not yet been elucidated. In addition, very little work has been done on the microbial degradation of coal liquids in the environment.

Previous work at Western Kentucky University has shown that decomposition of Ashland Oil Company's liquified coal can indeed be accomplished by the above bacterial genera in an enriched liquid media. The topic of this thesis …

The Binding Of Ribosomal Protein Si To Si-Depleted 30s And 70s Ribosomes. A Fluorescence Anisotropy Study Of The Effects Of Mg2+, Dixie J. Goss, Lawrence J. Parkhurst, Arkesh M. Mehta, Albert J. Wahba

Lawrence Parkhurst Publications

We have determined the equilibrium constants for the binding of AEDANS-labelled Si to Sl-depleted 30S and 70S ribosomes. For “tight” ribosomes, the association of S1 increases with the sixth power of Mg²⁺ concentration, but for 30S subunits and "loose" ribosomes, there is virtually no dependence of the association on Mg²⁺ over the same concentration range, 2-1O mM in Mg²⁺. The binding of S1 to 70S ribosomes at 10 mM Mg is stabilized by 2 kcal/mol compared to the binding to 30S subunits. When intact Si binds to tight ribosomes, the fluorescence anisotropy is that for virtually …

Dmf Extractability As A Predictor Of Plasticity In Bituminous Coals, Jana Whitt

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Plasticity is a phenomenon of certain coals that is not completely understood. Some bituminous coals go through a softening and swelling state upon heating before they re-solidify. It is this softening and swelling state that is labeled as the "plastic state" of the coal. Concurrent with the plastic state of the coal, thermal decomposition of the coal takes place. Several low molecular weight gases are also evolved. These occur at a temperature of approximately 450° C.

The plasticity of a coal is a good indication of the coking ability of a coal. Plastic coals tend to give higher yields in …

The Combined Effect Of Cu And Zn On Selenastrum Capricornutum, Helmer Colonia-Roque

Dissertations and Theses

It has been demonstrated that the toxicity of heavy metals depends on their chemical speciation and can be related to their free ion activities, rather than the total metal concentrations. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of combined free ions of zinc and copper on the toxicity to the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum. This alga was grown in a defined medium, under controlled laboratory conditions, with a varying range of zinc and copper concentrations. The growth rate of the alga was inhibited at pZn = 5.93 or at pCu = 7.24. The results suggest that …